地质科学计算可视化软件系统研究
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摘要
当今社会已进入了信息时代，计算机图示技术也进入了一个新的发展领域，提出了科学计算可视化的概念。在图形图像方面的需求不断增加。数字图像处理科学与技术逐步向其他学科领域渗透，并为其他学科所利用是科学发展的必然，在地质领域实现地质科学信息的可视化是地质研究的一个重要研究课题。
本论文主要探讨了在地质领域实现地质科学信息可视化的方法，地质信息的科学管理和计算机可视化分析软件系统设计等方面的研究。
同时，在软件设计中，自20世纪70年代面向对象技术出现以后，该技术在软件业界得到了广泛的应用。80年代后，面向对象的方法已成为软件设计的主流。在系统设计上，1994年到1996年，软件工程学家们共同提出了新的面向对象的分析与设计语言-UML语言。在程序结构上，组件对象模型COM(Component Object model)和分布式组件对象模型DCOM(Distributed Component Object model)是面向对象技术的又一重大发展。它如同硬件的集成块，能够进行软件的组装。因此，COM组件技术已成为软件发展新方向。
依此，本文从组件对象模型COM的概念和理论和面向对象的程序开发过程出发，结合地质科学信息可视化系统的实际需要，以开发基于组件技术的地质三维可视化系统为例，重点介绍了COM组件应用技术(如ActiveX、AFL等)开发应用及其如何利用OpenGL三维图形库，成功实现三维地质模型的图形显示与交互剪裁的算法、交互技术等。通过初步的开发和应用，所设计的地质三维可视化系统基本上达到了理论设计要求。运行结果表明，用COM组件技术建立地质科学信息可视化系统具有很好的软件独立性、再用性和很强的可维护性。因此，基于COM组件技术的系统开发具有良好的应用和发展前景。
As the information age has come, the computer graph technology has also come into a new develop field. The Visualization in Scientific Computing has been advanced. The needs about the graph and image have increased continually. It is inevitable that the numeral image process technolnogy are infiltrating other siences and are being used by them. And, it's important to realize visualization in the geological field.
This article mainly introduces the methods of how to realize the geological scientific information visualizaion in the geology and achieved managing geological information scientifically and visualizational computer analyzing. It also gives thorough discuss about arithmetic methods about the geological visualization.
In the meantime, as the Oriented Object Technology has come in the 1970's, it has been applied widely in the software designing. After the 1980's, it's been the trend of the programming. In the system designing, the software engineers advanced new oriented object method: the Unified Modeling Language. In the program structure, the Component Object Model and the Distributed Component Object Model are one of the most important developments in the Oriented Object technology.
This article introduces at length the concepts and theories of COM and the Oriented Object software development process. Combined with the real needs of constituting geological information visualization application, it takes the Geological 3D visualization System , which was based on component object model, as an example and gives thorough discuss about not only the process of how to use different COM application technologies, such as ActiveX, ATL and so on, to design the system, but also how to realize the 3D model cutting by OpenGL, a 3D graphics library. The idea of this solution is consistent with that geological 3D visualization system.. It was proved by lots of experiments and applications in this project that geologic 3D Visualization in Scientific Computing based on COM is feasible and promising.
本论文主要探讨了在地质领域实现地质科学信息可视化的方法，地质信息的科学管理和计算机可视化分析软件系统设计等方面的研究。
同时，在软件设计中，自20世纪70年代面向对象技术出现以后，该技术在软件业界得到了广泛的应用。80年代后，面向对象的方法已成为软件设计的主流。在系统设计上，1994年到1996年，软件工程学家们共同提出了新的面向对象的分析与设计语言-UML语言。在程序结构上，组件对象模型COM(Component Object model)和分布式组件对象模型DCOM(Distributed Component Object model)是面向对象技术的又一重大发展。它如同硬件的集成块，能够进行软件的组装。因此，COM组件技术已成为软件发展新方向。
依此，本文从组件对象模型COM的概念和理论和面向对象的程序开发过程出发，结合地质科学信息可视化系统的实际需要，以开发基于组件技术的地质三维可视化系统为例，重点介绍了COM组件应用技术(如ActiveX、AFL等)开发应用及其如何利用OpenGL三维图形库，成功实现三维地质模型的图形显示与交互剪裁的算法、交互技术等。通过初步的开发和应用，所设计的地质三维可视化系统基本上达到了理论设计要求。运行结果表明，用COM组件技术建立地质科学信息可视化系统具有很好的软件独立性、再用性和很强的可维护性。因此，基于COM组件技术的系统开发具有良好的应用和发展前景。
As the information age has come, the computer graph technology has also come into a new develop field. The Visualization in Scientific Computing has been advanced. The needs about the graph and image have increased continually. It is inevitable that the numeral image process technolnogy are infiltrating other siences and are being used by them. And, it's important to realize visualization in the geological field.
This article mainly introduces the methods of how to realize the geological scientific information visualizaion in the geology and achieved managing geological information scientifically and visualizational computer analyzing. It also gives thorough discuss about arithmetic methods about the geological visualization.
In the meantime, as the Oriented Object Technology has come in the 1970's, it has been applied widely in the software designing. After the 1980's, it's been the trend of the programming. In the system designing, the software engineers advanced new oriented object method: the Unified Modeling Language. In the program structure, the Component Object Model and the Distributed Component Object Model are one of the most important developments in the Oriented Object technology.
This article introduces at length the concepts and theories of COM and the Oriented Object software development process. Combined with the real needs of constituting geological information visualization application, it takes the Geological 3D visualization System , which was based on component object model, as an example and gives thorough discuss about not only the process of how to use different COM application technologies, such as ActiveX, ATL and so on, to design the system, but also how to realize the 3D model cutting by OpenGL, a 3D graphics library. The idea of this solution is consistent with that geological 3D visualization system.. It was proved by lots of experiments and applications in this project that geologic 3D Visualization in Scientific Computing based on COM is feasible and promising.
引文
[1] 扬正甫．面向对象分析与设计．北京：中国铁道出版社，2001．4
[2] 张龙祥．UML与系统分析设计．北京：人民邮电出版社，2001．8
[3] 中国科学院．2001科学发展报告．北京：科学出版社，2001
[4] 梁普选．梁津．刘玉芬等译．[美]Chuck Wood著．Visual C++6.0数据库编程大全．北京：电子工业出版社，2000．3
[5] 刘刀桂．孟繁晶．Visual C++实践与提高数据库篇．北京：中国铁道出版社，2001．3
[6] 刘阶萍．杨长水．刘世军等．深探SQL Sever7.0与电子商务开发应用．北京：机械工业出版社，2000．7
[7] 刘岳．梁启章．专题地图制图自动化．北京：测绘出版社，1981．3
[8] 陆润民．杨惠英．施寅．计算机绘图．北京：清华大学出版社，1988．1
[9] 何斌．马天予．王运坚．朱红莲．Visual C++数字图像处理．北京：人民邮电出版社，2001．4
[10] 北京博彦科技发展有限责任公司译．[美]Jeff Prosise著．MFC Windows程序设计(第2版)．北京：清华大学出版社，2001．9
[11] 余英．梁刚．Visual C++实践与提高COM和COM+篇．北京：中国铁道出版社，2001．2
[12] 董梁．丁杰．李长业等译．[美]Tom Armstrong.Ron Patton著．ATL开发指南．北京：电子工业出版社，2000．11
[13] 宇鹏．王晓峰．李云飞．Visual C++实践与提高ActiveX篇．北京：中国铁道出版社，2001．1
[14] 李于剑．Visual C++实践与提高图形图像编程篇．北京：中国铁道出版社，2001．2
[15] 孙波．OpenGL编程实例学习教程．北京：北京大学出版社，2000．12
[16] 吴斌．毕丽蕴．OpenGL编程实例与技巧．北京：人民邮电出版社，1999．12
[17] 唐泽圣等著．三维数据场可视化．北京：清华大学出版社，1999．12
[18] 希望图书创作室译．[美]David J.Kruglinski.Scot Wingo.George Shepherd著．Visual C++6.0技术内幕(第5版)．北京：北京希望电子出版社，1999．5
[19] Fowler M. UML Distilled (Second Edition). Addison-Wesley, 2000
[20] Booch G. Rumbaugh J. Jacobson I. The Unified Software Development Process, 1999
[21] Akeley K. Reality Engine Graphics. Computer Graphics. Proceedings, 1993
[22] Bloomenthal J. Poligonization of Implicit Surfaces. Computer Aided Geometric Design, 1988
[23] Chong M S. Perry A E. Cantwell B J. A General Classification of Three-dimensional Flow Fields. Physics of Fluids, 1990
[24] Eliasson P. Oppelstrup J. et al. Stream 3D: Computer Graphics Program for Streamline Visualization. Adv. Eng.Software, 1989
[25] Evans F. Skiena S. Varshney A. Optimizing Triangle Strips for Fast Rendering. Proceedings of Visualization'96, 1996
[26] Fraster R. Interactive Volume Rendering Using Advanced Graphics Architectures. Technical Report. Silicon Graphics Computer Systems, 1995
[27] Hardy R L. Multiquadric Equations of Topography and Other Irregular Surfaces. Journal of Geophysics Research, 1971
[28] Hin A J S. Post F H. Visualization of Turbulent Flow with Particles. Proceedings Visualization'93. Los Alamitos. CA: IEEE Computer Society Press, 1993
[29] Hinker P. Hansen C. Geometric Optimization. Proceeding of Visualization'93, 1993.10
[30] Hoppc H. Progressive Meshes. Computer Graphics. Proceedings, 1996.8
[31] Zhang W. Tang Z. Adaptive Hierarchical B-Spline Surface Approximation of Largescale Scattered Data. Proceeding of Pacific Graphics'98, 1998.10
[32] Silver D. Zabusky N. Quantifying Visualization for Reduced Modeling in Nonlinear Science: Extracting Structure from Data Sets. Journal of Visual Communication and Image Representation, 1993
[33] Porter T. Composing Digital Images. Computer Graphics, 1984
[34] 陈莉．三维矢量场可视化的基础算法研究．浙江大学博士论文，1996．11
[35] 邓俊辉．频域体绘制算法的研究及其并行实现．清华大学博士论文，1997．5
[36] 王文成．三维数据场体绘制技术的研究与实现．中国科学院软件研究所博士论文，1998．1
[37] 周勇．三维数据可视化技术的研究与实现．清华大学博士论文，1995．6
[38] 张贤达．信号处理中的线性代数．北京：科学出版社，1997
[39] 唐泽圣．用图象空间为序的体绘制技术显示三维数据场．计算机学报，1994
[40] http://www.omg.org/UML
[41] http://comcamp.home.sohu.com/techarticles/0007.htm
[42] 向佳.Viscual C++/MFC开发指南 http://comcamp.home.sohu.com/techarticles/0006.htm
[2] 张龙祥．UML与系统分析设计．北京：人民邮电出版社，2001．8
[3] 中国科学院．2001科学发展报告．北京：科学出版社，2001
[4] 梁普选．梁津．刘玉芬等译．[美]Chuck Wood著．Visual C++6.0数据库编程大全．北京：电子工业出版社，2000．3
[5] 刘刀桂．孟繁晶．Visual C++实践与提高数据库篇．北京：中国铁道出版社，2001．3
[6] 刘阶萍．杨长水．刘世军等．深探SQL Sever7.0与电子商务开发应用．北京：机械工业出版社，2000．7
[7] 刘岳．梁启章．专题地图制图自动化．北京：测绘出版社，1981．3
[8] 陆润民．杨惠英．施寅．计算机绘图．北京：清华大学出版社，1988．1
[9] 何斌．马天予．王运坚．朱红莲．Visual C++数字图像处理．北京：人民邮电出版社，2001．4
[10] 北京博彦科技发展有限责任公司译．[美]Jeff Prosise著．MFC Windows程序设计(第2版)．北京：清华大学出版社，2001．9
[11] 余英．梁刚．Visual C++实践与提高COM和COM+篇．北京：中国铁道出版社，2001．2
[12] 董梁．丁杰．李长业等译．[美]Tom Armstrong.Ron Patton著．ATL开发指南．北京：电子工业出版社，2000．11
[13] 宇鹏．王晓峰．李云飞．Visual C++实践与提高ActiveX篇．北京：中国铁道出版社，2001．1
[14] 李于剑．Visual C++实践与提高图形图像编程篇．北京：中国铁道出版社，2001．2
[15] 孙波．OpenGL编程实例学习教程．北京：北京大学出版社，2000．12
[16] 吴斌．毕丽蕴．OpenGL编程实例与技巧．北京：人民邮电出版社，1999．12
[17] 唐泽圣等著．三维数据场可视化．北京：清华大学出版社，1999．12
[18] 希望图书创作室译．[美]David J.Kruglinski.Scot Wingo.George Shepherd著．Visual C++6.0技术内幕(第5版)．北京：北京希望电子出版社，1999．5
[19] Fowler M. UML Distilled (Second Edition). Addison-Wesley, 2000
[20] Booch G. Rumbaugh J. Jacobson I. The Unified Software Development Process, 1999
[21] Akeley K. Reality Engine Graphics. Computer Graphics. Proceedings, 1993
[22] Bloomenthal J. Poligonization of Implicit Surfaces. Computer Aided Geometric Design, 1988
[23] Chong M S. Perry A E. Cantwell B J. A General Classification of Three-dimensional Flow Fields. Physics of Fluids, 1990
[24] Eliasson P. Oppelstrup J. et al. Stream 3D: Computer Graphics Program for Streamline Visualization. Adv. Eng.Software, 1989
[25] Evans F. Skiena S. Varshney A. Optimizing Triangle Strips for Fast Rendering. Proceedings of Visualization'96, 1996
[26] Fraster R. Interactive Volume Rendering Using Advanced Graphics Architectures. Technical Report. Silicon Graphics Computer Systems, 1995
[27] Hardy R L. Multiquadric Equations of Topography and Other Irregular Surfaces. Journal of Geophysics Research, 1971
[28] Hin A J S. Post F H. Visualization of Turbulent Flow with Particles. Proceedings Visualization'93. Los Alamitos. CA: IEEE Computer Society Press, 1993
[29] Hinker P. Hansen C. Geometric Optimization. Proceeding of Visualization'93, 1993.10
[30] Hoppc H. Progressive Meshes. Computer Graphics. Proceedings, 1996.8
[31] Zhang W. Tang Z. Adaptive Hierarchical B-Spline Surface Approximation of Largescale Scattered Data. Proceeding of Pacific Graphics'98, 1998.10
[32] Silver D. Zabusky N. Quantifying Visualization for Reduced Modeling in Nonlinear Science: Extracting Structure from Data Sets. Journal of Visual Communication and Image Representation, 1993
[33] Porter T. Composing Digital Images. Computer Graphics, 1984
[34] 陈莉．三维矢量场可视化的基础算法研究．浙江大学博士论文，1996．11
[35] 邓俊辉．频域体绘制算法的研究及其并行实现．清华大学博士论文，1997．5
[36] 王文成．三维数据场体绘制技术的研究与实现．中国科学院软件研究所博士论文，1998．1
[37] 周勇．三维数据可视化技术的研究与实现．清华大学博士论文，1995．6
[38] 张贤达．信号处理中的线性代数．北京：科学出版社，1997
[39] 唐泽圣．用图象空间为序的体绘制技术显示三维数据场．计算机学报，1994
[40] http://www.omg.org/UML
[41] http://comcamp.home.sohu.com/techarticles/0007.htm
[42] 向佳.Viscual C++/MFC开发指南 http://comcamp.home.sohu.com/techarticles/0006.htm