提高LF炉精炼工艺生产效率的试验研究
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摘要
为了改善精炼设备使用状况,在现有设备基础上提高生产效率,本文针对鞍钢二炼钢北区200t LF炉精炼周期过长的问题,开发了Al-CaO-CaC2渣系的钢包渣预脱硫改质剂和CaCO3-MgCO3-CaC2-NaCl-CaCl2渣系的精炼用发泡剂,从而达到缩短精炼时间的目的。同时本文还研究了不同的LF钢包衬耐火材料对深脱硫的影响。
本试验设计Al-CaC2-CaO渣系钢包渣预脱硫改质剂对比试验,在实验室MoSi2高温炉内进行转炉出钢钢水预脱硫的热模拟试验,进而考察预脱硫改质剂对钢水脱硫率的影响,根据试验结果,优化出在本试验条件下预脱硫改质剂的最佳组成。
以无氟预熔深脱硫精炼渣作为基础渣,设计CaCO3-MgCO3-CaC2-NaCl-CaCl2渣系LF精炼用发泡剂的对比试验。试验考察不同配比的发泡剂的相对发泡高度,以此优化出本试验条件下发泡剂的最佳组成。
通过设计对比试验,研究在采用预熔和未预熔深脱硫精炼渣的条件下,含碳铝镁尖晶石砖和镁碳砖特制坩埚与电熔氧化镁坩埚对钢液脱硫率的影响,在此基础上确定有利于深脱硫的LF钢包衬材质。
试验结果表明：
(1)钢液的脱硫率随着预脱硫改质剂中Al、CaC2和CaO含量的增加呈先增大后减小的趋势,说明Al、CaC2、CaO均存在最佳含量。
(2)在本试验条件下预脱硫改质剂的最佳成分为：wAl=33-37%、WCaC2=48-52%、WCaO=13-17%。优化出的预脱硫改质剂与现场用铝造渣球相比,不仅对转炉下渣的改质效果非常明显,而且对钢液还具有预脱硫能力,对钢液其他成分的影响很小。
(3)在本试验条件下精炼用发泡剂的最佳成分为：WCaCO,=55-60%、WMgCO3=15-20%、WCaC2=6-8%、WCaCl2=8-9%、WNaCl=9-10%。优化出的发泡剂取得了较好的起泡效果,优于现场发泡剂。试验同时表明：发泡剂中含有适量的氯化物(CaCl2、NaCl),具有提高起泡效果的作用。
(4)在现场实验中,通过使用优化后的预脱硫改质剂与发泡剂,使得LF炉的精炼时间大大缩短,精炼周期从原来的约60min缩短至约40min(原始w[S]=60-80×10-6,处理后w[S]=15-25×10-6),有效地提高了精炼生产效率。
(5)对于考察的三种耐火材料,含碳铝镁尖晶石砖和镁碳砖特制的坩埚脱硫率都较高,使用氧化镁坩埚的脱硫效果较差,由于含碳铝镁尖晶石砖和镁碳砖能导致钢液增碳,因此不利于低碳钢生产。
To improve use ratio of refining equipment and productivity, Al-CaO-CaC2 slag system pre-desulfurizing and conditioning agent and CaCO3-MgCO3-CaC2-NaCl-CaCl2 slag system foaming agent are devised in this paper, which is originated from problems about refining periodic time of 200t LF in the northern work area of No.2 steel plant, Anshan New Iron and Steel Ltd. The paper also studies on the effect of refractories on desulfurizing ratios. This is important to the selection of LF refractory in the field.
The comparison experiments about Al-CaO-CaC2 slag system pre-desulfurizing and conditioning agents are designed and thermal simulation experiments are carried out in MoSi2 Furnace. Through these experiments, desulfurizing ratios of molten steel are abtained and optimal composition of pre-desulfurizing and conditioning agent is acquired in this experimental condition.
The comparison experiments about CaCO3-MgCO3-CaC2-NaCl-CaCl slag system foaming agents are designed which are based on pre-molten refining slag without fluorine. Accoring to foaming relative heights, optimal composition of foaming agent is obtained in this experimental condition.
Magnesium-aluminum spinel refractory containting carbon, magnesium-carbon refractory and magnesium oxide refractory are applied in the comparison experiments in which the pre-molten refining slag and non-pre-molten refining slag are used in the experiments, and according to the desulfuring ratios, the proper refractories in LF refining process are decided.
The experimental results show:
(1) Desulfurizing ratios in molten steel increase at first and then decrease according to increment of Al, CaC2 and CaO contents in pre-desulfurizing and conditioning agents. These show that the contents of Al, CaC2 and CaO all have optimal values.
(2) The optimized pre-desulfurizing and conditioning agent is obtained in this experimental condition and its composition is:WAl=33-37%、wCaC2=48-52%、wCaO=13-17%. The optimized pre-desulfurizing and conditioning agent is superior to field slag, which can decrease the oxidative of tap slag significantly, pre-desulfurize before LF process and has minor influence on other elements in molten steel.
(3) The optimized foaming agent composition is obtained in this experimental condition:wCaCO3=55-60%、WMgCO3=15-20%、WCaC2=6-8%、wCaCl2=8-9%、wNaCl=9-10%.The optimized foaming agent has higher foaming relative height than field foaming slag. The results also indicate that proper chloride contents in foaming agent can increase foaming relative height.
(4) Using optimized pre-desulfurizing and conditioning agent and foaming agent in field experiments, LF refining time has shortend greatly. Refining periodic time decreases from about 60min to about 40min. Productivity has improved efficiently.
(5) In the three types refractories, both magnesium-aluminum spinel refractory containting carbon and magnesium-carbon refractory obtain higher desulfurizing ratios. Magnesium oxide refractories has lower desulfurizing ratios. Magnesinm-aluminum spinel refractory containting carbon and magnesium-carbon refractory can lead to recarburization in molten steel, so they are not fit to the production of low-carbon steel.
本试验设计Al-CaC2-CaO渣系钢包渣预脱硫改质剂对比试验,在实验室MoSi2高温炉内进行转炉出钢钢水预脱硫的热模拟试验,进而考察预脱硫改质剂对钢水脱硫率的影响,根据试验结果,优化出在本试验条件下预脱硫改质剂的最佳组成。
以无氟预熔深脱硫精炼渣作为基础渣,设计CaCO3-MgCO3-CaC2-NaCl-CaCl2渣系LF精炼用发泡剂的对比试验。试验考察不同配比的发泡剂的相对发泡高度,以此优化出本试验条件下发泡剂的最佳组成。
通过设计对比试验,研究在采用预熔和未预熔深脱硫精炼渣的条件下,含碳铝镁尖晶石砖和镁碳砖特制坩埚与电熔氧化镁坩埚对钢液脱硫率的影响,在此基础上确定有利于深脱硫的LF钢包衬材质。
试验结果表明：
(1)钢液的脱硫率随着预脱硫改质剂中Al、CaC2和CaO含量的增加呈先增大后减小的趋势,说明Al、CaC2、CaO均存在最佳含量。
(2)在本试验条件下预脱硫改质剂的最佳成分为：wAl=33-37%、WCaC2=48-52%、WCaO=13-17%。优化出的预脱硫改质剂与现场用铝造渣球相比,不仅对转炉下渣的改质效果非常明显,而且对钢液还具有预脱硫能力,对钢液其他成分的影响很小。
(3)在本试验条件下精炼用发泡剂的最佳成分为：WCaCO,=55-60%、WMgCO3=15-20%、WCaC2=6-8%、WCaCl2=8-9%、WNaCl=9-10%。优化出的发泡剂取得了较好的起泡效果,优于现场发泡剂。试验同时表明：发泡剂中含有适量的氯化物(CaCl2、NaCl),具有提高起泡效果的作用。
(4)在现场实验中,通过使用优化后的预脱硫改质剂与发泡剂,使得LF炉的精炼时间大大缩短,精炼周期从原来的约60min缩短至约40min(原始w[S]=60-80×10-6,处理后w[S]=15-25×10-6),有效地提高了精炼生产效率。
(5)对于考察的三种耐火材料,含碳铝镁尖晶石砖和镁碳砖特制的坩埚脱硫率都较高,使用氧化镁坩埚的脱硫效果较差,由于含碳铝镁尖晶石砖和镁碳砖能导致钢液增碳,因此不利于低碳钢生产。
To improve use ratio of refining equipment and productivity, Al-CaO-CaC2 slag system pre-desulfurizing and conditioning agent and CaCO3-MgCO3-CaC2-NaCl-CaCl2 slag system foaming agent are devised in this paper, which is originated from problems about refining periodic time of 200t LF in the northern work area of No.2 steel plant, Anshan New Iron and Steel Ltd. The paper also studies on the effect of refractories on desulfurizing ratios. This is important to the selection of LF refractory in the field.
The comparison experiments about Al-CaO-CaC2 slag system pre-desulfurizing and conditioning agents are designed and thermal simulation experiments are carried out in MoSi2 Furnace. Through these experiments, desulfurizing ratios of molten steel are abtained and optimal composition of pre-desulfurizing and conditioning agent is acquired in this experimental condition.
The comparison experiments about CaCO3-MgCO3-CaC2-NaCl-CaCl slag system foaming agents are designed which are based on pre-molten refining slag without fluorine. Accoring to foaming relative heights, optimal composition of foaming agent is obtained in this experimental condition.
Magnesium-aluminum spinel refractory containting carbon, magnesium-carbon refractory and magnesium oxide refractory are applied in the comparison experiments in which the pre-molten refining slag and non-pre-molten refining slag are used in the experiments, and according to the desulfuring ratios, the proper refractories in LF refining process are decided.
The experimental results show:
(1) Desulfurizing ratios in molten steel increase at first and then decrease according to increment of Al, CaC2 and CaO contents in pre-desulfurizing and conditioning agents. These show that the contents of Al, CaC2 and CaO all have optimal values.
(2) The optimized pre-desulfurizing and conditioning agent is obtained in this experimental condition and its composition is:WAl=33-37%、wCaC2=48-52%、wCaO=13-17%. The optimized pre-desulfurizing and conditioning agent is superior to field slag, which can decrease the oxidative of tap slag significantly, pre-desulfurize before LF process and has minor influence on other elements in molten steel.
(3) The optimized foaming agent composition is obtained in this experimental condition:wCaCO3=55-60%、WMgCO3=15-20%、WCaC2=6-8%、wCaCl2=8-9%、wNaCl=9-10%.The optimized foaming agent has higher foaming relative height than field foaming slag. The results also indicate that proper chloride contents in foaming agent can increase foaming relative height.
(4) Using optimized pre-desulfurizing and conditioning agent and foaming agent in field experiments, LF refining time has shortend greatly. Refining periodic time decreases from about 60min to about 40min. Productivity has improved efficiently.
(5) In the three types refractories, both magnesium-aluminum spinel refractory containting carbon and magnesium-carbon refractory obtain higher desulfurizing ratios. Magnesium oxide refractories has lower desulfurizing ratios. Magnesinm-aluminum spinel refractory containting carbon and magnesium-carbon refractory can lead to recarburization in molten steel, so they are not fit to the production of low-carbon steel.
引文
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