机场沥青道面施工质量变异特性研究
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摘要
机场沥青道面是飞机起降的平台,确保其修筑质量对机场的安全运营具有重要意义。由于铺筑过程中沥青道面施工质量是一个动态的变化过程,故需深入研究沥青道面施工质量变异性的机理,为现场施工和质量控制提供理论基础。论文在国内机场沥青道面施工资料分析的基础上,通过大量室内外试验,对改性沥青的质量变异特性、沥青胶浆的质量变异特性、矿料级配的变异特性、沥青混合料离析特性和粘层施工质量的变异特性的分别开展了研究,系统分析了影响机场沥青道面施工质量的影响因素及机理。
论文通过国内机场沥青道面施工资料的分析,发现施工过程中改性沥青质量、矿料级配、矿粉含量、沥青混合料均匀性和粘结层材料撒布量等方面存在较大的变异性；SBS类型对改性沥青性能有影响,且星型与线型SBS改性效果各有优劣；成品改性沥青性能未必优于现场改性沥青,故在实际工程中选择改性沥青加工方式时应根据工程需求、加工状况和现场条件等综合确定改性方式；针对试管法测试SBS改性沥青存储稳定性的不足,开发了新的测试装置,其区分性要明显优于试管法,且该法测得的沥青软化点差要小于试管法的结果。并建议使用新存储容器时,采用24小时的存储时间,及上下部试样软化点差作为离析程度评价指标。粘度试验中涉及的测试温度下,基质沥青呈牛顿流体特征,而沥青胶浆则表现出非牛顿流体的特征,加入填料后能迅速增加胶浆的施工温度,且随着粉胶比的增大,施工温度也随之升高。受拌合楼本身设备质量、操作人员经验、设备养护水平等因素的影响,不同拌合楼的混合料级配控制精度区别明显；级配对混合料动稳定度有显著影响,在施工技术规范质量控制要求范围内的混合料动稳定度也可能出现近一倍的变动；残留稳定度和冻融劈裂强度比的相关性并不好,其中冻融劈裂强度较残留稳定度能更好的区分不同混合料,且空隙率是沥青混合料水稳定性的主要影响因素；通过对沥青混合料复合板直剪试验的研究,发现上层板材料组成对复合板的层间抗剪切性能有重要影响,因而对于层间粘结程度的研究应采用与现场应用相同的路材料,同时根据变用量下复合板抗剪强度的测试,推荐了不同粘层材料的参考最佳剂量。
Asphalt pavement in airport as the platform of arriving and departing flights, ensure the quality of it building has important significance to the platform of airport safe operation. Due to the process of construction quality of asphalt pavement is a dynamic, so a higher research on the variability of construction required, and also grasping quality change mechanism, which providing theoretical basis for site construction and quality control. After the analysis of domestic airport asphalt pavement construction data, a large number of indoor and outdoor tests were done in the research, including the variability of the quality of modified asphalt and asphalt cement, the variability of the mineral aggregate gradation and segregation of asphalt mixture, and the variability of the quality of the adhesive layer.
The thesis through the data summary on domestic airport asphalt pavement construction,found in the construction of modified asphalt performance, aggregate size, packing and uniformity of asphalt pavement layer and binder etc is existence biggish variability; The type of SBS has influence on the performance of modified asphalt. Star and linear SBS modified asphalt have their advantage each other; The perfomance of factory modified asphalt not better always than field modified asphalt, so the modified mothed should be choosen according to the demond, modified condition and field condition; According to the disadvantage of tube test, new device for storage stability of SBS modified asphalt is developed. it is found that its distinguish ability is better than tube test, and the deviation of soften point is less than that of tube test. Then it is suggeted that the time for storage is 24h, and the evaluation index is deviation of soften point between uper and lower; Asphalt cement is apparently showing non-newton fluid characteristics in viscosity trials, and the test of viscosity is reduce with shearing rate.In the test, lime is the most sensitive according to the shearing rate,then is cement and powder is the worst, and asphalt cement viscosity is increased sensitivity with the increase percentage of filler and asphalt; Because of different equipment quality, operators and experience level of equipment maintenance, the influence of factors such as the white tower of the mixture of different control precision obviously different gradation; Gradation have significant influence on mixture dynamic stability, and the quality control requirements within the scope of the mixture dynamic stability may also appear nearly doubled, the change of correlation analysis proves whatever gradation parameters or volume index can not efficiently estimate mixture dynamic stability; The correlation of remnants stability and freeze-thaw splitting strength is not good, the freeze-thaw splitting strength is better distinguish different mixtures compared with remnants stability, and porosity of asphalt mixture is the main factors influencing the water stability; Through the research of shear upper plate about asphalt mixture composite, the study found in composite material composition of interlayer shear properties has an important influence, so the study on bonding degree between layers and field application should use the same way. According to the test of variable amount of shear strength under composite, and then recommend the reference optimum mix amount dose with different material of adhesion.
论文通过国内机场沥青道面施工资料的分析,发现施工过程中改性沥青质量、矿料级配、矿粉含量、沥青混合料均匀性和粘结层材料撒布量等方面存在较大的变异性；SBS类型对改性沥青性能有影响,且星型与线型SBS改性效果各有优劣；成品改性沥青性能未必优于现场改性沥青,故在实际工程中选择改性沥青加工方式时应根据工程需求、加工状况和现场条件等综合确定改性方式；针对试管法测试SBS改性沥青存储稳定性的不足,开发了新的测试装置,其区分性要明显优于试管法,且该法测得的沥青软化点差要小于试管法的结果。并建议使用新存储容器时,采用24小时的存储时间,及上下部试样软化点差作为离析程度评价指标。粘度试验中涉及的测试温度下,基质沥青呈牛顿流体特征,而沥青胶浆则表现出非牛顿流体的特征,加入填料后能迅速增加胶浆的施工温度,且随着粉胶比的增大,施工温度也随之升高。受拌合楼本身设备质量、操作人员经验、设备养护水平等因素的影响,不同拌合楼的混合料级配控制精度区别明显；级配对混合料动稳定度有显著影响,在施工技术规范质量控制要求范围内的混合料动稳定度也可能出现近一倍的变动；残留稳定度和冻融劈裂强度比的相关性并不好,其中冻融劈裂强度较残留稳定度能更好的区分不同混合料,且空隙率是沥青混合料水稳定性的主要影响因素；通过对沥青混合料复合板直剪试验的研究,发现上层板材料组成对复合板的层间抗剪切性能有重要影响,因而对于层间粘结程度的研究应采用与现场应用相同的路材料,同时根据变用量下复合板抗剪强度的测试,推荐了不同粘层材料的参考最佳剂量。
Asphalt pavement in airport as the platform of arriving and departing flights, ensure the quality of it building has important significance to the platform of airport safe operation. Due to the process of construction quality of asphalt pavement is a dynamic, so a higher research on the variability of construction required, and also grasping quality change mechanism, which providing theoretical basis for site construction and quality control. After the analysis of domestic airport asphalt pavement construction data, a large number of indoor and outdoor tests were done in the research, including the variability of the quality of modified asphalt and asphalt cement, the variability of the mineral aggregate gradation and segregation of asphalt mixture, and the variability of the quality of the adhesive layer.
The thesis through the data summary on domestic airport asphalt pavement construction,found in the construction of modified asphalt performance, aggregate size, packing and uniformity of asphalt pavement layer and binder etc is existence biggish variability; The type of SBS has influence on the performance of modified asphalt. Star and linear SBS modified asphalt have their advantage each other; The perfomance of factory modified asphalt not better always than field modified asphalt, so the modified mothed should be choosen according to the demond, modified condition and field condition; According to the disadvantage of tube test, new device for storage stability of SBS modified asphalt is developed. it is found that its distinguish ability is better than tube test, and the deviation of soften point is less than that of tube test. Then it is suggeted that the time for storage is 24h, and the evaluation index is deviation of soften point between uper and lower; Asphalt cement is apparently showing non-newton fluid characteristics in viscosity trials, and the test of viscosity is reduce with shearing rate.In the test, lime is the most sensitive according to the shearing rate,then is cement and powder is the worst, and asphalt cement viscosity is increased sensitivity with the increase percentage of filler and asphalt; Because of different equipment quality, operators and experience level of equipment maintenance, the influence of factors such as the white tower of the mixture of different control precision obviously different gradation; Gradation have significant influence on mixture dynamic stability, and the quality control requirements within the scope of the mixture dynamic stability may also appear nearly doubled, the change of correlation analysis proves whatever gradation parameters or volume index can not efficiently estimate mixture dynamic stability; The correlation of remnants stability and freeze-thaw splitting strength is not good, the freeze-thaw splitting strength is better distinguish different mixtures compared with remnants stability, and porosity of asphalt mixture is the main factors influencing the water stability; Through the research of shear upper plate about asphalt mixture composite, the study found in composite material composition of interlayer shear properties has an important influence, so the study on bonding degree between layers and field application should use the same way. According to the test of variable amount of shear strength under composite, and then recommend the reference optimum mix amount dose with different material of adhesion.
引文
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