显脉香茶菜丙酮部位抗炎活性成分研究
|
摘要
显脉香茶菜Rabdosia nervosa (Hemsi.)C. Y. Wu et H. W. Li.为唇形科香茶菜属植物,又称蓝花柴胡,脉叶香茶菜,大叶蛇总管(广西)等,产于陕西、河南、湖北、江西、广西、贵州、四川等地。民间以全草入药,夏秋采集,洗净鲜用或晒干,具有清热、除湿、解毒之功效,用于急性黄疸型肝炎、毒蛇咬伤,外用治疗烧烫伤、毒蛇咬伤、脓疱疮、湿疹、皮肤瘙痒等。
本文对唇形科香茶菜属植物显脉香茶菜近三十年的化学成分及其药理活性研究进展进行了较为详细的综述,并对其丙酮部位的化学成分进行了细致的化学成分研究,对分离得到的单体化合物进行抗炎活性筛选,同时建立了显脉香茶菜中二萜类成分nodosin的含量测定方法。
利用多种色谱技术从中分离得到15个化合物,根据化合物的理化性质及波谱技术(包括UV、1H-NMR、13C-NMR、DEPT、2D-NMR、EI-MS、HR-ESI-MS)鉴定了14个化合物,其中3个黄酮,2个二萜,3个三萜,2个甾体,2个脂肪酸,2个其他类成分,他们分别是：5,7,4'-三羟基黄酮(1),3,5,7,4'-四羟基-3'-甲氧基-黄酮(2),5,6,3,4'-四羟基-7-甲氧基-黄酮(3),6β,11β-二羟基-6,7-断裂-6,20-环氧-1α,7-内酯-对映-贝壳杉-16烯-15酮(4),16β-甲基-6β-羟基-3,20-环氧-对映-贝壳杉-5-烯-1,7,15-三酮(5),齐墩果酸(6),乌苏酸(7),2β,3β-二羟基乌苏酸(8),3β-羟基-豆甾-5-烯-7-酮(9),β-胡萝卜苷(10),十六烷酸(11),9-(Z)-十六碳烯酸(12),β-D-葡萄糖(13),双(5-甲酰基糠基)醚(14)。其中,化合物8,9,12,13,14为首次从香茶菜属植物中首次分离得到,化合物1,2,3,8,9,12,13,14为首次从显脉香茶菜中分离得到。
采用脂多糖(LPS)刺激Raw264.7细胞炎症模型对显脉香茶菜丙酮部位中分离得到的15个化合物进行初步的抗炎活性筛选。实验结果显示与LPS组比较,齐墩果酸(X-1),乌苏酸(X-4),2β,3β-二羟基乌苏酸(X-7),诺多星(X-12)(10μg/mL)能明显降低LPS诱导的RAW264.7细胞模型NO释放的含量。其中,化合物2β,3β-二羟基乌苏酸,诺多星能明显降低LPS诱导的RAW264.7细胞模型NO释放的含量为首次报道。
采用Dikmonsil C18色谱柱(250×4.6mm,5μm)；流动相：甲醇-水(37：63)；体积流量：1mL/min;检测波长：231nm；柱温：25℃；分析时间：40min。结果显示,nodosin在茎和叶中含量分别为0.052mg/g和0.982mg/g,茎中含量约是叶中含量的1/19。Nodosin平均加样回收率为99.53%(RSD=1.52%,n=6)。该实验建立了显脉香茶菜中nodosin的HPLC含量测定方法,为nodosin的继续研究奠定基础。实验数据表明该方法专属性强、简便、分离度好,其他成分无干扰,适用于显脉香茶菜药材中nodosin的含量测定。
Rabdosia nervosa (Hemsi.) C. Y. Wu et H. W. Li., also known as Dayeshezongguan, or Lanhuachaihu or maiyexiangchacai, a perennial herb belonging to rabdosia genus of Labiatae, is widely disturbuted in Shanxi, Henan, Jiangxi, Guangdong, Guangxi, Guizhou, Sichuan and some other provinces of China, and their stems and leaves have been used satisfactorily in the treatment of fever and inflammation along with detoxication, acute infectious heoatitis, snakebite, skin itching, etc.
In this thesis, the chemical and pharmacological research progress in the last thirty years on Rabdosia nervosa were was detailedly reviewed.The phytochemical research and anti-inflammation activity in vitro on the acetone extracts of Rabdosia nervosa (Hemsi.)C. Y. Wu et H.W.Li were carried out. In addition the determination method of nodosin, a diterpene of Rabdosia nervosa, was also established.
15components were isolated and purified by chromatographic methods, and14components of them were identified on the basis of spectral data (1H-NMR,13C-NMR, DEPT,2D-NMR, ESI-MS, EI-MS) and physicochemical properties. These compounds, including three flavonoids, two diterpenes, three triterpenes, two steroidal and two fatty acids, two other types of components, were elucidated as Apigenin(1), Isorhamnetin(2), pedalitin(3), Nodosin(4), Rabdonervosin J (5), Oleanolic acid(6), Ursolic acid(7),2β,3β-dihydroxyursolic acid (8),3β-hydroxystigmast-5-en-7-one(9),β-daucosterol(10), Hexadecanoic acid(11),(Z)-9-Hexadecenoic acid (12),β-D-Glucose(13), bis (5-formyl-2-furfuryl) ether (14). Among them, compound8,9,12,13,14were isolated from nervosa for the first time, and compounds1,2,3,8,9,12,13,14were isolated from Rabdosia nervosa for the first time
15compounds, isolated from the acetone parts of nervosin, were used to find anti-inflammation activity compounds in vitro by LPS-stimulated Raw264.7. Experimental results showed that, compared with the LPS group, Oleanolic acid, Ursolic acid,2β,3β-dihydroxyursolic acid and nodosin (10μg/ml) had significant differences and can significantly reduce the NO content of the LPS-induced Raw264.7. Among them,2β,3β-dihydroxyursolic acid and nodosin, which can significantly reduced the NO content of the LPS-induced Raw264.7was reported for the first time.
Develop a HPLC method for the determination of nodosin in the leaves and stems of Rabdosia nervosa. All of reference substances and sample were separated with the mobile phase of methanol:water(37:63)under isocratic elution for40min on a Dikmonsil C18reversed-phase column temperature was25℃. The content of nodosin was0.052mg/g in the stems and0.982mg/g in the leaves, the content in the stems being about one nineteenth of that in leaves. The average recovery of nodosin was99.53%(RSD=1.52%, n=6). The data of the experiment indicated that this method was simple, accurate, specific and suitable for quantitative determination of nodosin in Rabdosia nervosa.
本文对唇形科香茶菜属植物显脉香茶菜近三十年的化学成分及其药理活性研究进展进行了较为详细的综述,并对其丙酮部位的化学成分进行了细致的化学成分研究,对分离得到的单体化合物进行抗炎活性筛选,同时建立了显脉香茶菜中二萜类成分nodosin的含量测定方法。
利用多种色谱技术从中分离得到15个化合物,根据化合物的理化性质及波谱技术(包括UV、1H-NMR、13C-NMR、DEPT、2D-NMR、EI-MS、HR-ESI-MS)鉴定了14个化合物,其中3个黄酮,2个二萜,3个三萜,2个甾体,2个脂肪酸,2个其他类成分,他们分别是：5,7,4'-三羟基黄酮(1),3,5,7,4'-四羟基-3'-甲氧基-黄酮(2),5,6,3,4'-四羟基-7-甲氧基-黄酮(3),6β,11β-二羟基-6,7-断裂-6,20-环氧-1α,7-内酯-对映-贝壳杉-16烯-15酮(4),16β-甲基-6β-羟基-3,20-环氧-对映-贝壳杉-5-烯-1,7,15-三酮(5),齐墩果酸(6),乌苏酸(7),2β,3β-二羟基乌苏酸(8),3β-羟基-豆甾-5-烯-7-酮(9),β-胡萝卜苷(10),十六烷酸(11),9-(Z)-十六碳烯酸(12),β-D-葡萄糖(13),双(5-甲酰基糠基)醚(14)。其中,化合物8,9,12,13,14为首次从香茶菜属植物中首次分离得到,化合物1,2,3,8,9,12,13,14为首次从显脉香茶菜中分离得到。
采用脂多糖(LPS)刺激Raw264.7细胞炎症模型对显脉香茶菜丙酮部位中分离得到的15个化合物进行初步的抗炎活性筛选。实验结果显示与LPS组比较,齐墩果酸(X-1),乌苏酸(X-4),2β,3β-二羟基乌苏酸(X-7),诺多星(X-12)(10μg/mL)能明显降低LPS诱导的RAW264.7细胞模型NO释放的含量。其中,化合物2β,3β-二羟基乌苏酸,诺多星能明显降低LPS诱导的RAW264.7细胞模型NO释放的含量为首次报道。
采用Dikmonsil C18色谱柱(250×4.6mm,5μm)；流动相：甲醇-水(37：63)；体积流量：1mL/min;检测波长：231nm；柱温：25℃；分析时间：40min。结果显示,nodosin在茎和叶中含量分别为0.052mg/g和0.982mg/g,茎中含量约是叶中含量的1/19。Nodosin平均加样回收率为99.53%(RSD=1.52%,n=6)。该实验建立了显脉香茶菜中nodosin的HPLC含量测定方法,为nodosin的继续研究奠定基础。实验数据表明该方法专属性强、简便、分离度好,其他成分无干扰,适用于显脉香茶菜药材中nodosin的含量测定。
Rabdosia nervosa (Hemsi.) C. Y. Wu et H. W. Li., also known as Dayeshezongguan, or Lanhuachaihu or maiyexiangchacai, a perennial herb belonging to rabdosia genus of Labiatae, is widely disturbuted in Shanxi, Henan, Jiangxi, Guangdong, Guangxi, Guizhou, Sichuan and some other provinces of China, and their stems and leaves have been used satisfactorily in the treatment of fever and inflammation along with detoxication, acute infectious heoatitis, snakebite, skin itching, etc.
In this thesis, the chemical and pharmacological research progress in the last thirty years on Rabdosia nervosa were was detailedly reviewed.The phytochemical research and anti-inflammation activity in vitro on the acetone extracts of Rabdosia nervosa (Hemsi.)C. Y. Wu et H.W.Li were carried out. In addition the determination method of nodosin, a diterpene of Rabdosia nervosa, was also established.
15components were isolated and purified by chromatographic methods, and14components of them were identified on the basis of spectral data (1H-NMR,13C-NMR, DEPT,2D-NMR, ESI-MS, EI-MS) and physicochemical properties. These compounds, including three flavonoids, two diterpenes, three triterpenes, two steroidal and two fatty acids, two other types of components, were elucidated as Apigenin(1), Isorhamnetin(2), pedalitin(3), Nodosin(4), Rabdonervosin J (5), Oleanolic acid(6), Ursolic acid(7),2β,3β-dihydroxyursolic acid (8),3β-hydroxystigmast-5-en-7-one(9),β-daucosterol(10), Hexadecanoic acid(11),(Z)-9-Hexadecenoic acid (12),β-D-Glucose(13), bis (5-formyl-2-furfuryl) ether (14). Among them, compound8,9,12,13,14were isolated from nervosa for the first time, and compounds1,2,3,8,9,12,13,14were isolated from Rabdosia nervosa for the first time
15compounds, isolated from the acetone parts of nervosin, were used to find anti-inflammation activity compounds in vitro by LPS-stimulated Raw264.7. Experimental results showed that, compared with the LPS group, Oleanolic acid, Ursolic acid,2β,3β-dihydroxyursolic acid and nodosin (10μg/ml) had significant differences and can significantly reduce the NO content of the LPS-induced Raw264.7. Among them,2β,3β-dihydroxyursolic acid and nodosin, which can significantly reduced the NO content of the LPS-induced Raw264.7was reported for the first time.
Develop a HPLC method for the determination of nodosin in the leaves and stems of Rabdosia nervosa. All of reference substances and sample were separated with the mobile phase of methanol:water(37:63)under isocratic elution for40min on a Dikmonsil C18reversed-phase column temperature was25℃. The content of nodosin was0.052mg/g in the stems and0.982mg/g in the leaves, the content in the stems being about one nineteenth of that in leaves. The average recovery of nodosin was99.53%(RSD=1.52%, n=6). The data of the experiment indicated that this method was simple, accurate, specific and suitable for quantitative determination of nodosin in Rabdosia nervosa.
引文
[1]江苏新医学院.中药大辞典(上册)[M].上海：上海人民卫生出版社,1977：159.
[2]中国科学院中国植物志编辑委员会.中国植物志(第66卷)[M].北京：科学出版社,2004：428-429.
[3]赖学文,徐志杰,高幼衡,等.显脉香茶菜的形态组织学鉴别[J].江西中医学院学报,1996,增刊：30.
[4]孙汉董,许云龙,姜北,等.香茶菜属植物二萜化合物[M].北京：科学出版社,2001：2-3.
[5]高幼衡,万振先,赖学文,等.显脉香茶菜化学成分的研究[J].中国中药杂志,1994,19(5)：295-296.
[6]王先荣,胡惠平,王红萍,等.显脉香茶菜化学成分研究[J].中草药,1994,25(3)：115-117.
[7]许美娟,程培元,唐迈,等.显脉香茶菜化学成分研究[J].植物学报,1993,35(2)：161-164.
[8]高幼衡,吴顺华,钟瑞建,等.显脉香茶菜化学成分研究[J].中草药,1996,27(10)：579.
[9]高幼衡,程怡,吴顺华,等.显脉香茶菜化学成分研究[J].中草药,1999,30(6)：407.
[10]高幼衡,万振先,徐昌瑞,等.显脉香茶菜化学成分研究[J].中药材,1994,17(1)：28-30.
[11]高幼衡,程怡,叶会呈,等.显脉香茶菜化学成分研究[J].中草药,2000,31(9)：645-646.
[12]Wang X R, Hu H P,Wang H P, et al. Nervosanin A and B and ent-kauranoids from Isodon nervosus[J] Phytochemistry,1994,37(5):1367-1370.
[13]Sun H D, Niu F T, Chen Y P, et al. Diterpenoids from Rabdosia nervosa[J] Phytochemistry, 1992,31 (2):695-698.
[14]Chao J H,Zhao Q Z, Wang H Q, et al. Studies on the diterpenoids from rabdosia nervosa-Ⅰ the structures of nervosin. Acta Botanica Yunnanica,1983,5(3):311-312.
[15]Chen Y Z, Bai G, Meng X J, et al. A new diterpenoid from Rabdosia nervosa [J]. Acta Chimica Sinica (English Edition),1989, (6):549.
[16]Yan F L,Guo L Q, Zhang J X, et al. New ent-kaurane-type diterpenoids from Isodon nervosas [J]. Chinese Chemical Letters,2008,19:441-443.
[17]Li L M, Li G Y, Ding L S, et al. Two new diterpenoids and other constituents from Isodon nervosus [J].Chinese Chemical Society,2008, (55)4:933-936.
[18]Li L M, Li G Y, Din L S, et al. Ent-kaurane diterpenoids from Isodon nervosus [J] J.Nat. Prod.,2008,71:684-688.
[19]Yan F L, Guo L Q, Wang C M, et al. Chemical constituents of Isodon nervosus and their cytotoxicity [J],Journal of Asian Natural Products Research,2009,11 (4):236-331.
[20]Wei Z X, Gao Y H, Yang F, et al. Three new diterpenoids from Isodon nervous [J]. Helvetica Chimica Acta,2011,94(7):1320-1325.
[21]魏志雄,倪林,侯媛芳,等.显脉香茶菜化学成分研究(V).广州中医药大学学报,2011,28(5)：516-518.
[22]魏志雄,高幼衡,侯媛芳,等.显脉香茶菜化学成分研究(III)[J].中药新药与临床药理,2011,22(1) ： 76-78.
[23]高幼衡,程怡,卢文彪,等.显脉香茶菜叶挥发油成分分析[J].中药材,2001,24(9)：654-655.
[24]白素平,杨震华.毛叶香茶菜二萜成分的细胞毒活性研究[J].新乡医学院学报,2005,22(5)：407-410.
[25]Ahemd abbaskhan, M. lqbal choudhary et al. A new diepoxy-ent-kauranoid, rugosinin, from Isodon rugosus[J]. Letter Planta Med,2003,69:94-96.
[26]海广范,闫琰,刘巨源,等Enmein、serrin、nodosin和lasiodnin对HL60细胞株和LOVO细胞株的增殖抑制作用[J].新乡医学院学报,2010,25(6)：564-566.
[27]焦明庆,徐汉虹.显脉香茶菜的抑菌活性及活性成分.植物保护学报,2010,37(1)：67-72.
[28]Ikezoe T, Yang Y, Bandobashi K, et al. Oridonin,a diteripenoid purified from Rabdosia rubescence, inhabits the proliferation of cells from lymphoid malignancies in association with blockade of the NF-kB signal pathways[J]. Mol. cancer. Ther.2005,4(4):578-586.
[29]Liu J J, Huang R W, Lin D J, et al. Antipolifertion effects of oridonin on HPB-ALL cells and its mechanisms of action[J].Am J Hematol.2006,81(2):86-94.
[30]崔侨,田代真一,小野寺敏,等.冬凌草甲素通过诱导人宫颈癌Hela细胞白噬下调凋亡的机制[J].药学学报,2007,42(1)：35-39.
[31]Liu J J, Huang R W, Lin D J, et al. Antipolifertion effect of ponicidon on human myeloid Leu Kemia Cells in vitro[J]. Oncol Rep,2005,13(4):653-657.
[32]Zhang J F, Liu P Q, Chen G H, et al. Ponicidin inhabits cell growth on hepato cellular carcinoma cells by induction of apoptosis[J]. Dig Liver Dis,2007,39(2):160-167.
[33]Ortega C A, Rotelli O A, Gianello T C, et al. Chemical components and anti-inflammatory activity from Bidens subalternans[J]. Planta Med,1998,64(8):77-78.
[34]Yang E J, Lee W, Ku S K.Anti-inflammatory activities of oleanolic acid on HMGB1 activited HUVECS[J]. Food Chem Toxicol,2012,50(5):1288-1294.
[35]Chong-Chu Zhou, Xiao-Bo Sun,Wei Liu, et al. Effects of oleanolic acid on the immune complex allergic reaction and inflammation[J]. Journal of Chinese Pharmaceutical Sciences,1993,2(1):69-79.
[36]Fu L, Zhang S, Li N, et al. Three new triterpenes from nerium oleanderand biological activit of the isolated compounds [J]. J. Nat. Prod.,2005,68(2):198-206.
[37]Lucio K A, Rocha G G, Moncao-Ribeiro L C. Oleanolic acid initiates apoptosis in non-small cell lung cancer cell lines and reduces metastasis of a melanoma model in vivo[J].PLos One,2011,6(12):285-296.
[38]王振坤,曹峰林,张丽坤,等.齐墩果酸诱导人白血.病NB-4细胞凋亡的研究[J].实用肿瘤学杂志,2011,25(6)：497-500.
[39]田丽婷,马龙,堵年生.齐墩果酸的药理作用研究概况[J].中国中药杂志,2002,27(12)：884-886.
[40]王洪波,Nrf2及齐墩果酸在酒精性肝纤维化中的作用机制研究[M].山东大学博十论文.
[41]魏茁.齐墩果酸的药理作用、剂型及研究进展[J].中国中医药资讯,2011,17(3)：351-355.
[42]赵晶晶,陈素华,方建国,等.齐墩果酸抗豚鼠巨细胞病毒作用体外实验研究[J].时珍国医国药,2011(22)：2862-2864.
[43]Yoshikawa M, Matsuda H, Harada E, et al. Eelatoside e, a new hypoglycemic principle from the root cortex of a raliaelata seem:structure-related hypoglycemic activity of oleanolic glycosides[J].Chem Pharm Bull,1994,42(6):1354-1356.
[44]Bachhav S S, Patil S D, Bhutada M S. Oleanolic acid prevents glucocorticoid-induced hypertension in rats[J]. Phytother Res,2011,25(10):1435-1439.
[45]Dai Z, Nair V, Khan M. Pomegranate Extract inhibits the proliferation and viability of MMTV-Wnt-1 mouse mammary cancer stem cells in vitro[J]. Oncol Rep,2010,24(4):1087-1091.
[46]Kowalczyk M C, Walaszek Z, Kowalczyk P, et al. Differential effects of several phytochemicals and their derivatives on murine keratinocytes in vitro and in vivo: implications for skin cancer prevention[J]. Carcinogenesis,2009,30(6):1008-1015.
[47]Shin S W, Kim SY, Park J W. Autophagy inhibition enhances ursolic acid-induced apoptosis in PC3 cells[J].Biochim Biophys Acta,2012,1823(2):451-457.
[48]Shyu M H, Kao T C, Yen G C. Hsian-tsao (Mesona procumbens Heml.) prevents against rat liver fibrosis induced by CCl4 via inhibition of hepatic stellate cells activation [J]. Food Chem Toxicol,2008,6(12):3707-3713.
[49]Jin Y R, Jin J L, Li C H, Ursolic acid enhances mouse liver regeneration after partial hepatectomy[J]. Pharm Biol,2012,50(4):523-528.
[50]Raphael T J, Kuttan G. Effect of naturally occurring triterpenoids ursolic acid and glycyrrhizic acid on the cell-mediated immune responses of metastatic tumor-bearing animals[J]. Immunopharmacol Immunotoxicol,2008,30(2):243-55.
[51]Steinkamp-Fenske K, Bollinger L, Voller N, et al. Ursolic acid from the Chinese herb danshen (Salvia miltiorrhizaeL.) up-regulates ENOS and down-regulates COX-4 expression in human endothelial cells[J]. Atherosclerosis,2007,195(1):104-111.
[52]Radhiga T, Rajamanickam C, Sundaresan A. Effect of ursolic acid treatment on apoptosis and DNA damage in isoproterenol-induced myocardial infarction[J]. Biochimie,2012, 94(5):1135-1142.
[53]Jia Y,Bhuiyan M J, Jun H J,et al. Ursolic acid is a PPAR-α aganist that regulates hepatic lipid metabolism[J]. Bioorg Med Chem Lett,2011,21 (19):5876-5880.
[54]Lin Y, Vermeer M A, Trautwein E A. Triterpenic acids present in hawthorn lower plasma cholesterol by inhibiting intestinal ACAT activity in Hamsters [J]. Evid-Based Complement Altern Med,2009, (11):1-9.
[55]Azevedo M F,Camsari C, Scar M, et al. Ursolic acid and luteolin-7-glucoside improve lipid profiles and increase liver glycogen content through glycogen synthase kinase-3[J]. Phytother Res,2010,24(2):220-224.
[56]Lee J, Yee S T, Kim J J, et al. Ursolic acid ameliorates thymic atrophy and hyperglycemia in streptozotocin-nicotinamide-induced diabetic mice[J]. Chem Biol Interact,2010,188(3): 635-642.
[57]Lee E H, Popov S A, Lee J Y, et al. Inhibitory effect of ursolic acid derivatives on recombinant human aldose reductase[J]. Bioorg Khim.2011,37(5):637-644.
[58]Ali M S, Ibrahim S A, Jalil S, et al. Ursolic acid:a potent inhibitor of superoxides produced in the cellular system [J].Phytother Res,2007,21 (6):558-561.
[59]Checker R, Sandur S K, Sharma D, Potent anti-inflammatory activity of ursolic acid, a triterpenoid antioxidant, is mediated through suppression of NF-κB, AP-1 and NF-AT [J]. Plos One,2012,7(2):313-318.
[60]吴立军.天然药物化学[M].北京：人民卫生出版社,2010：283.
[61]Filocamo A, Bisignano C, Darrigo M. Norfloxacin and ursolic acid:in vitro association and postantibiotic effect against staphy lococcus aureus [J].Lett Appl Microbiol, 2011,53(2):19-37.
[62]Shih Y H. Norfloxacin and ursolic acid:in vitro association and postantibiotic effect against Staphylococcus aureus[J]. Lett Appl Microbiol,2011,53(2):193-197.
[63]蔡婧,刘安文.芹菜素抗肿瘤作川分子机制的研究进展[J].新中医,2010,42(3)：105-107.
[64]胡太平,曹建国.芹菜素诱导人胃癌细胞凋亡作用及机制研究[J].国际病理科学与临床杂志,2007,27(1)：6-10.
[65]文红波,曹运长,董晓英,等.芹菜素诱导人肝癌HepG2细胞分化[J],湖南师范大学学报(医学版),2007,4(3)：7-10.
[66]吴民泸,何涛,李家富,等.槲皮素、异鼠李素对Cu2介导的LDL氧化修饰的抑制作用[J].泸州医学院学报,2000,23(3)：185-186.
[67]李蓉晖,何涛,李家富,等.槲皮素、异鼠李素对CU2介导极低密度脂蛋白氧化修饰的影响[J].华西医大学报,2001,32(2)：281-282.
[68]李家富,何涛,邓辉胜,等.槲皮素、异鼠李素对体外低密度脂蛋白氧化修饰的影响[J].心脏杂志,2003,15(5)：414-416.
[69]Tribo lo S, Lodi F, Connor C, et al Comparative effects of quercetin and its predom inant human metabolites on adhesion molecule expression in activated human vascular endothelial cells[J]. A therosclerosis,2007,90(4):306-309.
[70]Ibara M, Perez Vizca mo F, Cogolludo A, et al Cardiovascular effects of isorhamnetin and quercetin in isolated rat and porcine vascular smooth muscle and isolated rat atria [J]. Planta Med,2002,68(4):307-310.
[71]滕丹,程嘉艺,孙静,等.异鼠李素对ECV304细胞的影响[J].中华中医药学刊,2008,26(6)1239-1240.
[72]张放,程嘉艺,苑博.异鼠李素对H202损伤内皮细胞的保护作用[J].中国实验方剂学杂志,2011.17(14)：169-172.
[73]Sanchez M, Lodi F, Vera R, et al. Quercetin and iso rhamnetin prevent endothelial dysfunction, superoxide production, and overexpression of p47 phox induced by angiotensin Ⅱ in rat aorta[J]. J Nutr,2007,137(4):910-915.
[74]陈维,章茂顺,胡春玲,等.槲皮素及异鼠李素对培养人血.管平滑肌细胞胶原蛋白合成的影响[J].中国动脉硬化杂志,2005,13(3)：320-324.
[75]陈维,章茂顺,王家良,等.槲皮素及异鼠李素对去甲肾上腺素促人血.管平滑肌细胞增殖的抑制作用[J].中国动脉硬化杂志,2005,13(6)：749-752.
[76]陈维,章茂顺,王家良,等.槲皮素及异鼠李素对人血管平滑肌细胞增殖的抑制作用[J].中国心血管病研究杂志,2005,3(8)：623-627.
[77]杨春蕾,屈艺,干正荣,等.异鼠李素对HeLa细胞端粒酶活性的抑制作用[J]广东医学院学报,2004,35(2)：198-200.
[78]杨春蕾,王正荣,张敏.异鼠李素对人肺癌细胞抑制作用的观察[J].航天医学与医学工程,2004,17(4)：261-262.
[79]朱玲,王正荣,周黎明.异鼠李素及黄酮对人肺癌细胞A549、人乳腺癌细胞MCF-7的影响[J].四川生理科学杂志,2003,25(3)：231-233.
[80]朱玲,王正荣,杨春蕾.异鼠李素对肺癌的影响及其抗肿瘤机制的初步探讨[J].四川生理科学杂志,2004,26(4)：191-193.
[81]朱玲,王正荣,周黎明,等.异鼠李素对肺癌的作用及其抗肿瘤机制的初步探讨[J].航天医学与医学工程,2005,18(5)：381-383.
[82]左爱仁,汪满红,万春鹏,等.东方肉穗草异鼠李素诱导HepG2细胞凋亡研究[J].时珍国医国药,2011,22(2)：427-428.
[83]王鹏祖,张慧颖.异鼠李素抑制人胃癌细胞表皮生长因子受体途径[J].中国公共卫生,2008,24(10)：1208-1209.
[84]罗海清,李祥勇,官成浓,等.异鼠李素对鼻咽癌细胞生长和增殖的影响[J].广东医学院学报,2011.29(2)：119-121.
[85]雷宁,沈富林.异鼠李素对肿瘤细胞株的体外抑制作用观察[J].四川省卫生管理干部学院学报,2006,25(3)：161-163.
[86]王桂红,张雁冰,寇娴,等.河南栾川老君山冬凌草、毛叶香茶菜、显脉香茶菜中氨基酸含量测定[J].河南中医学院学报,2004,19(111)：35-37.
[87]方芳,李似姣,管雁,等.基于3种香茶菜属药用植物高效液相色谱的主成分分析[J].植物研究,2004,24(3)：351-356.
[88]崔红花,梁盛林,张瑞芳,等.显脉香茶菜中冬凌草甲素的HPLC测定[J].中药新药与临床药理,2006,17(5)：354-356.
[89]高幼衡,魏志雄,崔红花,等.HPLC法测定显脉香茶菜中毛栲利素的含量[J].广州中医药大学学报,2008,25(1)：81-82.
[90]陶华明,朱全红,刘永宏.草麻黄根的黄酮类成分研究[J].中草药,2011,42(9)：1678-1682.
[91]匡海学.中药化学[M].北京：中国中医药出版社,2002：163.
[92]程战立,时岩鹏,种小桃,等.藏紫菀化学成分的研究(II)[J].中草药,2011,42(1)：42-45.
[93]刘兴宽.中华补血草的化学成分研究[J].中草药,2011,42(2)：230-233.
[94]毛叶香茶菜、蓝萼香茶菜和东风菜化学成分及生物活性研究.白素平.博士学位论文,兰州大学,2005：82.
[95]确生,赵玉英,周勇,等.藏药小叶毛球莸中对映-贝壳杉烯型二萜类成分研究[J].中国中药杂志,2009,34(12)：1523-1526.
[96]显脉香茶菜化学成分及体外抗肿瘤活性的研究,魏志雄,博士论文,广州中医药大学,2011.68-73.
[97]孙莲,马彦玲,巴图尔,等.芜菁子化学成分的研究[J].华西药学杂志,2012,27(1)：54-56.
[98]何文江,赵钟祥,林朝展,等.梅叶冬青根的化学成分研究[J].华西药学杂忐,2012,27(1)：51-53.
[99]崔佳,施务务,宿玉,等.王枣子三萜成分的研究[J].安徽中医学院学报,2011,30(3)：57-59.
[100]胡长鹰,潘慧芳.番木瓜中皂苷类成分的研究[J].食品科学,2010,31(7)：114-116.
[101]周洪波,王峰,房志坚.金纽扣中三萜类化学成分研究[J].中国中药杂志,2011,36(15)2096-2098.
[102]张树祥,蔡少青,赵玉英.长茎金耳环化学成分的研究(一)[J].中国中药杂志,2001,26(11)：762-763.
[103]马柱坤,戴源,张蓓蓓,等.高山大戟化学成分研究[J].西北药学杂志,2012,27(1)：1-4.
[104]冯卫生,王彦志,郑晓列,等.中药化学成分结构解析[M].北京：科学出版社,2008：545-546.
[105]Aydogmus Z, Topcu G, Guven K C. Studies on chemical constituents of Gracilaria verrucosa[J].Nat Prod Res.2008,22(18):1589-1596.
[106]于德泉,杨俊山.分析化学手册(第七分册)[M].北京：化学工业出版社,1999：901.
[107]朱克近,王振中,李成,等.桂枝茯苓胶囊化学成分研究(II)[J].中草药,2011,42(6)：1087-1089.
[108]李雪华,吴妮妮,李福森,等.龙眼核的化学成分研究[J].华中科技大学学报(医学版),2009.38(4)：524-526.
[109]杨帆.薄叶卷柏的化学成分研究[M],中南大学,2010.硕士研究生论文.6-13.
[110]Gopinath VK, Musa M, Samsudin AR. Role of interleukin-1beta and tumour necrosis factor-alpha on hydroxyapatite-induced phagocytosis by murine macrophages (RAW264.7 cells) [J].Br J Biomed Sci,2006,63 (4):176-178.
[111]杨丽.代代花化学成分研究,华南理工大学,2010.硕+研究生学位论文.15-16.
[112]王震宇,杜隽铭,于晶,等.溪黄草有效成分nodosin保留灌注对肝缺血期的保护作用[J].广东医学,2010,31(5)：540-543.
[113]Chong-Chu Zhou, Xiao-Bo Sun, Wei Liu, et al. Effects of Oleanolic Acid on the Immune Complex Allergic Reaction and Inflammation[J]. Journal of Chinese Pharmaceutical Sciences,1993,2(1):69-79.
[114]Shyu M H, Kao T C, Yen G C. Hsian-tsao (Mesona procumbens Heml.) prevents against rat liver fibrosis induced by CCl4 via inhibition of hepatic stellate cells activation[J]. Food Chem Toxicol,2008,6(12):3707-3713.
[115]Jin Y R, Jin J L, Li C H, Ursolic acid enhances mouse liver regeneration after partial hepatectomy[J]. Pharm Biol,2012,50(4):523-528.
[116]Jin Yiran, Du Yingfeng, Shi Xiaowei, et al. Simultaneous quantification of 19 diterpenoids in Isodon amethystoides by high-performance liquid chromatography-electrospray ionization tandem mass spectrometry[J]. Journal of Pharmaceutical and biomedical analysis,2010,53(5):403-411.
[117]Liu Pengwei,Du Yingfeng, Zhang Xiaowei, et al. Rapid analysis of 27 components of Isodon serra by LC-ESI-MS-MS[J]. Chromatographia,2010,72(4); 265-273.
[2]中国科学院中国植物志编辑委员会.中国植物志(第66卷)[M].北京：科学出版社,2004：428-429.
[3]赖学文,徐志杰,高幼衡,等.显脉香茶菜的形态组织学鉴别[J].江西中医学院学报,1996,增刊：30.
[4]孙汉董,许云龙,姜北,等.香茶菜属植物二萜化合物[M].北京：科学出版社,2001：2-3.
[5]高幼衡,万振先,赖学文,等.显脉香茶菜化学成分的研究[J].中国中药杂志,1994,19(5)：295-296.
[6]王先荣,胡惠平,王红萍,等.显脉香茶菜化学成分研究[J].中草药,1994,25(3)：115-117.
[7]许美娟,程培元,唐迈,等.显脉香茶菜化学成分研究[J].植物学报,1993,35(2)：161-164.
[8]高幼衡,吴顺华,钟瑞建,等.显脉香茶菜化学成分研究[J].中草药,1996,27(10)：579.
[9]高幼衡,程怡,吴顺华,等.显脉香茶菜化学成分研究[J].中草药,1999,30(6)：407.
[10]高幼衡,万振先,徐昌瑞,等.显脉香茶菜化学成分研究[J].中药材,1994,17(1)：28-30.
[11]高幼衡,程怡,叶会呈,等.显脉香茶菜化学成分研究[J].中草药,2000,31(9)：645-646.
[12]Wang X R, Hu H P,Wang H P, et al. Nervosanin A and B and ent-kauranoids from Isodon nervosus[J] Phytochemistry,1994,37(5):1367-1370.
[13]Sun H D, Niu F T, Chen Y P, et al. Diterpenoids from Rabdosia nervosa[J] Phytochemistry, 1992,31 (2):695-698.
[14]Chao J H,Zhao Q Z, Wang H Q, et al. Studies on the diterpenoids from rabdosia nervosa-Ⅰ the structures of nervosin. Acta Botanica Yunnanica,1983,5(3):311-312.
[15]Chen Y Z, Bai G, Meng X J, et al. A new diterpenoid from Rabdosia nervosa [J]. Acta Chimica Sinica (English Edition),1989, (6):549.
[16]Yan F L,Guo L Q, Zhang J X, et al. New ent-kaurane-type diterpenoids from Isodon nervosas [J]. Chinese Chemical Letters,2008,19:441-443.
[17]Li L M, Li G Y, Ding L S, et al. Two new diterpenoids and other constituents from Isodon nervosus [J].Chinese Chemical Society,2008, (55)4:933-936.
[18]Li L M, Li G Y, Din L S, et al. Ent-kaurane diterpenoids from Isodon nervosus [J] J.Nat. Prod.,2008,71:684-688.
[19]Yan F L, Guo L Q, Wang C M, et al. Chemical constituents of Isodon nervosus and their cytotoxicity [J],Journal of Asian Natural Products Research,2009,11 (4):236-331.
[20]Wei Z X, Gao Y H, Yang F, et al. Three new diterpenoids from Isodon nervous [J]. Helvetica Chimica Acta,2011,94(7):1320-1325.
[21]魏志雄,倪林,侯媛芳,等.显脉香茶菜化学成分研究(V).广州中医药大学学报,2011,28(5)：516-518.
[22]魏志雄,高幼衡,侯媛芳,等.显脉香茶菜化学成分研究(III)[J].中药新药与临床药理,2011,22(1) ： 76-78.
[23]高幼衡,程怡,卢文彪,等.显脉香茶菜叶挥发油成分分析[J].中药材,2001,24(9)：654-655.
[24]白素平,杨震华.毛叶香茶菜二萜成分的细胞毒活性研究[J].新乡医学院学报,2005,22(5)：407-410.
[25]Ahemd abbaskhan, M. lqbal choudhary et al. A new diepoxy-ent-kauranoid, rugosinin, from Isodon rugosus[J]. Letter Planta Med,2003,69:94-96.
[26]海广范,闫琰,刘巨源,等Enmein、serrin、nodosin和lasiodnin对HL60细胞株和LOVO细胞株的增殖抑制作用[J].新乡医学院学报,2010,25(6)：564-566.
[27]焦明庆,徐汉虹.显脉香茶菜的抑菌活性及活性成分.植物保护学报,2010,37(1)：67-72.
[28]Ikezoe T, Yang Y, Bandobashi K, et al. Oridonin,a diteripenoid purified from Rabdosia rubescence, inhabits the proliferation of cells from lymphoid malignancies in association with blockade of the NF-kB signal pathways[J]. Mol. cancer. Ther.2005,4(4):578-586.
[29]Liu J J, Huang R W, Lin D J, et al. Antipolifertion effects of oridonin on HPB-ALL cells and its mechanisms of action[J].Am J Hematol.2006,81(2):86-94.
[30]崔侨,田代真一,小野寺敏,等.冬凌草甲素通过诱导人宫颈癌Hela细胞白噬下调凋亡的机制[J].药学学报,2007,42(1)：35-39.
[31]Liu J J, Huang R W, Lin D J, et al. Antipolifertion effect of ponicidon on human myeloid Leu Kemia Cells in vitro[J]. Oncol Rep,2005,13(4):653-657.
[32]Zhang J F, Liu P Q, Chen G H, et al. Ponicidin inhabits cell growth on hepato cellular carcinoma cells by induction of apoptosis[J]. Dig Liver Dis,2007,39(2):160-167.
[33]Ortega C A, Rotelli O A, Gianello T C, et al. Chemical components and anti-inflammatory activity from Bidens subalternans[J]. Planta Med,1998,64(8):77-78.
[34]Yang E J, Lee W, Ku S K.Anti-inflammatory activities of oleanolic acid on HMGB1 activited HUVECS[J]. Food Chem Toxicol,2012,50(5):1288-1294.
[35]Chong-Chu Zhou, Xiao-Bo Sun,Wei Liu, et al. Effects of oleanolic acid on the immune complex allergic reaction and inflammation[J]. Journal of Chinese Pharmaceutical Sciences,1993,2(1):69-79.
[36]Fu L, Zhang S, Li N, et al. Three new triterpenes from nerium oleanderand biological activit of the isolated compounds [J]. J. Nat. Prod.,2005,68(2):198-206.
[37]Lucio K A, Rocha G G, Moncao-Ribeiro L C. Oleanolic acid initiates apoptosis in non-small cell lung cancer cell lines and reduces metastasis of a melanoma model in vivo[J].PLos One,2011,6(12):285-296.
[38]王振坤,曹峰林,张丽坤,等.齐墩果酸诱导人白血.病NB-4细胞凋亡的研究[J].实用肿瘤学杂志,2011,25(6)：497-500.
[39]田丽婷,马龙,堵年生.齐墩果酸的药理作用研究概况[J].中国中药杂志,2002,27(12)：884-886.
[40]王洪波,Nrf2及齐墩果酸在酒精性肝纤维化中的作用机制研究[M].山东大学博十论文.
[41]魏茁.齐墩果酸的药理作用、剂型及研究进展[J].中国中医药资讯,2011,17(3)：351-355.
[42]赵晶晶,陈素华,方建国,等.齐墩果酸抗豚鼠巨细胞病毒作用体外实验研究[J].时珍国医国药,2011(22)：2862-2864.
[43]Yoshikawa M, Matsuda H, Harada E, et al. Eelatoside e, a new hypoglycemic principle from the root cortex of a raliaelata seem:structure-related hypoglycemic activity of oleanolic glycosides[J].Chem Pharm Bull,1994,42(6):1354-1356.
[44]Bachhav S S, Patil S D, Bhutada M S. Oleanolic acid prevents glucocorticoid-induced hypertension in rats[J]. Phytother Res,2011,25(10):1435-1439.
[45]Dai Z, Nair V, Khan M. Pomegranate Extract inhibits the proliferation and viability of MMTV-Wnt-1 mouse mammary cancer stem cells in vitro[J]. Oncol Rep,2010,24(4):1087-1091.
[46]Kowalczyk M C, Walaszek Z, Kowalczyk P, et al. Differential effects of several phytochemicals and their derivatives on murine keratinocytes in vitro and in vivo: implications for skin cancer prevention[J]. Carcinogenesis,2009,30(6):1008-1015.
[47]Shin S W, Kim SY, Park J W. Autophagy inhibition enhances ursolic acid-induced apoptosis in PC3 cells[J].Biochim Biophys Acta,2012,1823(2):451-457.
[48]Shyu M H, Kao T C, Yen G C. Hsian-tsao (Mesona procumbens Heml.) prevents against rat liver fibrosis induced by CCl4 via inhibition of hepatic stellate cells activation [J]. Food Chem Toxicol,2008,6(12):3707-3713.
[49]Jin Y R, Jin J L, Li C H, Ursolic acid enhances mouse liver regeneration after partial hepatectomy[J]. Pharm Biol,2012,50(4):523-528.
[50]Raphael T J, Kuttan G. Effect of naturally occurring triterpenoids ursolic acid and glycyrrhizic acid on the cell-mediated immune responses of metastatic tumor-bearing animals[J]. Immunopharmacol Immunotoxicol,2008,30(2):243-55.
[51]Steinkamp-Fenske K, Bollinger L, Voller N, et al. Ursolic acid from the Chinese herb danshen (Salvia miltiorrhizaeL.) up-regulates ENOS and down-regulates COX-4 expression in human endothelial cells[J]. Atherosclerosis,2007,195(1):104-111.
[52]Radhiga T, Rajamanickam C, Sundaresan A. Effect of ursolic acid treatment on apoptosis and DNA damage in isoproterenol-induced myocardial infarction[J]. Biochimie,2012, 94(5):1135-1142.
[53]Jia Y,Bhuiyan M J, Jun H J,et al. Ursolic acid is a PPAR-α aganist that regulates hepatic lipid metabolism[J]. Bioorg Med Chem Lett,2011,21 (19):5876-5880.
[54]Lin Y, Vermeer M A, Trautwein E A. Triterpenic acids present in hawthorn lower plasma cholesterol by inhibiting intestinal ACAT activity in Hamsters [J]. Evid-Based Complement Altern Med,2009, (11):1-9.
[55]Azevedo M F,Camsari C, Scar M, et al. Ursolic acid and luteolin-7-glucoside improve lipid profiles and increase liver glycogen content through glycogen synthase kinase-3[J]. Phytother Res,2010,24(2):220-224.
[56]Lee J, Yee S T, Kim J J, et al. Ursolic acid ameliorates thymic atrophy and hyperglycemia in streptozotocin-nicotinamide-induced diabetic mice[J]. Chem Biol Interact,2010,188(3): 635-642.
[57]Lee E H, Popov S A, Lee J Y, et al. Inhibitory effect of ursolic acid derivatives on recombinant human aldose reductase[J]. Bioorg Khim.2011,37(5):637-644.
[58]Ali M S, Ibrahim S A, Jalil S, et al. Ursolic acid:a potent inhibitor of superoxides produced in the cellular system [J].Phytother Res,2007,21 (6):558-561.
[59]Checker R, Sandur S K, Sharma D, Potent anti-inflammatory activity of ursolic acid, a triterpenoid antioxidant, is mediated through suppression of NF-κB, AP-1 and NF-AT [J]. Plos One,2012,7(2):313-318.
[60]吴立军.天然药物化学[M].北京：人民卫生出版社,2010：283.
[61]Filocamo A, Bisignano C, Darrigo M. Norfloxacin and ursolic acid:in vitro association and postantibiotic effect against staphy lococcus aureus [J].Lett Appl Microbiol, 2011,53(2):19-37.
[62]Shih Y H. Norfloxacin and ursolic acid:in vitro association and postantibiotic effect against Staphylococcus aureus[J]. Lett Appl Microbiol,2011,53(2):193-197.
[63]蔡婧,刘安文.芹菜素抗肿瘤作川分子机制的研究进展[J].新中医,2010,42(3)：105-107.
[64]胡太平,曹建国.芹菜素诱导人胃癌细胞凋亡作用及机制研究[J].国际病理科学与临床杂志,2007,27(1)：6-10.
[65]文红波,曹运长,董晓英,等.芹菜素诱导人肝癌HepG2细胞分化[J],湖南师范大学学报(医学版),2007,4(3)：7-10.
[66]吴民泸,何涛,李家富,等.槲皮素、异鼠李素对Cu2介导的LDL氧化修饰的抑制作用[J].泸州医学院学报,2000,23(3)：185-186.
[67]李蓉晖,何涛,李家富,等.槲皮素、异鼠李素对CU2介导极低密度脂蛋白氧化修饰的影响[J].华西医大学报,2001,32(2)：281-282.
[68]李家富,何涛,邓辉胜,等.槲皮素、异鼠李素对体外低密度脂蛋白氧化修饰的影响[J].心脏杂志,2003,15(5)：414-416.
[69]Tribo lo S, Lodi F, Connor C, et al Comparative effects of quercetin and its predom inant human metabolites on adhesion molecule expression in activated human vascular endothelial cells[J]. A therosclerosis,2007,90(4):306-309.
[70]Ibara M, Perez Vizca mo F, Cogolludo A, et al Cardiovascular effects of isorhamnetin and quercetin in isolated rat and porcine vascular smooth muscle and isolated rat atria [J]. Planta Med,2002,68(4):307-310.
[71]滕丹,程嘉艺,孙静,等.异鼠李素对ECV304细胞的影响[J].中华中医药学刊,2008,26(6)1239-1240.
[72]张放,程嘉艺,苑博.异鼠李素对H202损伤内皮细胞的保护作用[J].中国实验方剂学杂志,2011.17(14)：169-172.
[73]Sanchez M, Lodi F, Vera R, et al. Quercetin and iso rhamnetin prevent endothelial dysfunction, superoxide production, and overexpression of p47 phox induced by angiotensin Ⅱ in rat aorta[J]. J Nutr,2007,137(4):910-915.
[74]陈维,章茂顺,胡春玲,等.槲皮素及异鼠李素对培养人血.管平滑肌细胞胶原蛋白合成的影响[J].中国动脉硬化杂志,2005,13(3)：320-324.
[75]陈维,章茂顺,王家良,等.槲皮素及异鼠李素对去甲肾上腺素促人血.管平滑肌细胞增殖的抑制作用[J].中国动脉硬化杂志,2005,13(6)：749-752.
[76]陈维,章茂顺,王家良,等.槲皮素及异鼠李素对人血管平滑肌细胞增殖的抑制作用[J].中国心血管病研究杂志,2005,3(8)：623-627.
[77]杨春蕾,屈艺,干正荣,等.异鼠李素对HeLa细胞端粒酶活性的抑制作用[J]广东医学院学报,2004,35(2)：198-200.
[78]杨春蕾,王正荣,张敏.异鼠李素对人肺癌细胞抑制作用的观察[J].航天医学与医学工程,2004,17(4)：261-262.
[79]朱玲,王正荣,周黎明.异鼠李素及黄酮对人肺癌细胞A549、人乳腺癌细胞MCF-7的影响[J].四川生理科学杂志,2003,25(3)：231-233.
[80]朱玲,王正荣,杨春蕾.异鼠李素对肺癌的影响及其抗肿瘤机制的初步探讨[J].四川生理科学杂志,2004,26(4)：191-193.
[81]朱玲,王正荣,周黎明,等.异鼠李素对肺癌的作用及其抗肿瘤机制的初步探讨[J].航天医学与医学工程,2005,18(5)：381-383.
[82]左爱仁,汪满红,万春鹏,等.东方肉穗草异鼠李素诱导HepG2细胞凋亡研究[J].时珍国医国药,2011,22(2)：427-428.
[83]王鹏祖,张慧颖.异鼠李素抑制人胃癌细胞表皮生长因子受体途径[J].中国公共卫生,2008,24(10)：1208-1209.
[84]罗海清,李祥勇,官成浓,等.异鼠李素对鼻咽癌细胞生长和增殖的影响[J].广东医学院学报,2011.29(2)：119-121.
[85]雷宁,沈富林.异鼠李素对肿瘤细胞株的体外抑制作用观察[J].四川省卫生管理干部学院学报,2006,25(3)：161-163.
[86]王桂红,张雁冰,寇娴,等.河南栾川老君山冬凌草、毛叶香茶菜、显脉香茶菜中氨基酸含量测定[J].河南中医学院学报,2004,19(111)：35-37.
[87]方芳,李似姣,管雁,等.基于3种香茶菜属药用植物高效液相色谱的主成分分析[J].植物研究,2004,24(3)：351-356.
[88]崔红花,梁盛林,张瑞芳,等.显脉香茶菜中冬凌草甲素的HPLC测定[J].中药新药与临床药理,2006,17(5)：354-356.
[89]高幼衡,魏志雄,崔红花,等.HPLC法测定显脉香茶菜中毛栲利素的含量[J].广州中医药大学学报,2008,25(1)：81-82.
[90]陶华明,朱全红,刘永宏.草麻黄根的黄酮类成分研究[J].中草药,2011,42(9)：1678-1682.
[91]匡海学.中药化学[M].北京：中国中医药出版社,2002：163.
[92]程战立,时岩鹏,种小桃,等.藏紫菀化学成分的研究(II)[J].中草药,2011,42(1)：42-45.
[93]刘兴宽.中华补血草的化学成分研究[J].中草药,2011,42(2)：230-233.
[94]毛叶香茶菜、蓝萼香茶菜和东风菜化学成分及生物活性研究.白素平.博士学位论文,兰州大学,2005：82.
[95]确生,赵玉英,周勇,等.藏药小叶毛球莸中对映-贝壳杉烯型二萜类成分研究[J].中国中药杂志,2009,34(12)：1523-1526.
[96]显脉香茶菜化学成分及体外抗肿瘤活性的研究,魏志雄,博士论文,广州中医药大学,2011.68-73.
[97]孙莲,马彦玲,巴图尔,等.芜菁子化学成分的研究[J].华西药学杂志,2012,27(1)：54-56.
[98]何文江,赵钟祥,林朝展,等.梅叶冬青根的化学成分研究[J].华西药学杂忐,2012,27(1)：51-53.
[99]崔佳,施务务,宿玉,等.王枣子三萜成分的研究[J].安徽中医学院学报,2011,30(3)：57-59.
[100]胡长鹰,潘慧芳.番木瓜中皂苷类成分的研究[J].食品科学,2010,31(7)：114-116.
[101]周洪波,王峰,房志坚.金纽扣中三萜类化学成分研究[J].中国中药杂志,2011,36(15)2096-2098.
[102]张树祥,蔡少青,赵玉英.长茎金耳环化学成分的研究(一)[J].中国中药杂志,2001,26(11)：762-763.
[103]马柱坤,戴源,张蓓蓓,等.高山大戟化学成分研究[J].西北药学杂志,2012,27(1)：1-4.
[104]冯卫生,王彦志,郑晓列,等.中药化学成分结构解析[M].北京：科学出版社,2008：545-546.
[105]Aydogmus Z, Topcu G, Guven K C. Studies on chemical constituents of Gracilaria verrucosa[J].Nat Prod Res.2008,22(18):1589-1596.
[106]于德泉,杨俊山.分析化学手册(第七分册)[M].北京：化学工业出版社,1999：901.
[107]朱克近,王振中,李成,等.桂枝茯苓胶囊化学成分研究(II)[J].中草药,2011,42(6)：1087-1089.
[108]李雪华,吴妮妮,李福森,等.龙眼核的化学成分研究[J].华中科技大学学报(医学版),2009.38(4)：524-526.
[109]杨帆.薄叶卷柏的化学成分研究[M],中南大学,2010.硕士研究生论文.6-13.
[110]Gopinath VK, Musa M, Samsudin AR. Role of interleukin-1beta and tumour necrosis factor-alpha on hydroxyapatite-induced phagocytosis by murine macrophages (RAW264.7 cells) [J].Br J Biomed Sci,2006,63 (4):176-178.
[111]杨丽.代代花化学成分研究,华南理工大学,2010.硕+研究生学位论文.15-16.
[112]王震宇,杜隽铭,于晶,等.溪黄草有效成分nodosin保留灌注对肝缺血期的保护作用[J].广东医学,2010,31(5)：540-543.
[113]Chong-Chu Zhou, Xiao-Bo Sun, Wei Liu, et al. Effects of Oleanolic Acid on the Immune Complex Allergic Reaction and Inflammation[J]. Journal of Chinese Pharmaceutical Sciences,1993,2(1):69-79.
[114]Shyu M H, Kao T C, Yen G C. Hsian-tsao (Mesona procumbens Heml.) prevents against rat liver fibrosis induced by CCl4 via inhibition of hepatic stellate cells activation[J]. Food Chem Toxicol,2008,6(12):3707-3713.
[115]Jin Y R, Jin J L, Li C H, Ursolic acid enhances mouse liver regeneration after partial hepatectomy[J]. Pharm Biol,2012,50(4):523-528.
[116]Jin Yiran, Du Yingfeng, Shi Xiaowei, et al. Simultaneous quantification of 19 diterpenoids in Isodon amethystoides by high-performance liquid chromatography-electrospray ionization tandem mass spectrometry[J]. Journal of Pharmaceutical and biomedical analysis,2010,53(5):403-411.
[117]Liu Pengwei,Du Yingfeng, Zhang Xiaowei, et al. Rapid analysis of 27 components of Isodon serra by LC-ESI-MS-MS[J]. Chromatographia,2010,72(4); 265-273.
© 2004-2018 中国地质图书馆版权所有 京ICP备05064691号 京公网安备11010802017129号 地址：北京市海淀区学院路29号 邮编：100083 电话：办公室：(+86 10)66554848；文献借阅、咨询服务、科技查新：66554700 |