面向服务的工作流研究与实现
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摘要
工作流是对业务流程进行规范化控制和管理的技术。随着Web服务的蓬勃发展,越来越多的企业将Web服务引入他们的业务流程。然而,传统的C/S体系结构的工作流系统以及后来出现的基于P2P的工作流系统都存在着缺陷,使企业无法充分利用Web服务的优势,实现业务上的敏捷。
本文通过研究Web服务与工作流结合的应用场景以及面向服务的技术架构,依照CommonJ规范定义的编程模型,探讨了一个完全面向服务的工作流系统的设计和实现方案。该系统针对Web服务的特性,重新构造了工作流管理系统的架构,并以Web服务取代传统的工作流引擎。工作流实现了描述文件与执行体的分离,采用“粗粒度”的Web服务作为工作流执行体,在工作流结点上实现了服务于数据管理的自治,并实现了以面向服务为基础的工作流过程控制模型的流转控制。流程中的活动完全由Web服务实现,使工作流流程成为一个能够在Internet上调用的服务,真正实现了跨越操作系统和业务系统的平台无关性。
这种面向服务的工作流充分考虑到业务系统开发环境的多样性,采用面向服务的思想重构工作流管理系统架构,既克服了传统C/S工作流存在服务器端瓶颈的缺陷,又克服了P2P工作流系统可管理性差、不能充分利用Web服务优势的缺点,具有较强的适应性、扩展性和灵活性。
Workflow is a technology that can put normal control and standard administration on business process. As infrastructures and systems supporting Web Services are getting into mature, more and more organizations begin to integrate Web services as part of their business processes. However, both the conventional workflow systems with C/S architecture and the P2P based workflows systems coming late have many limitations, which make enterprises can't take advantage of Web services to realize a flexible business process.By researching the application scene between Web services and workflow, as well as the technology of service oriented architecture, this article presents the design and implementation for a completely service-oriented workflow system which according to the programming model of CommonJ. This article also talks about the reconstruction of workflow system's architecture and the replacement of workflow engine by using web service corresponding the characters of web service. Workflows in this system are 地 divided into description document and executor module. The module is implemented with "coarse grained" Web services. The workflow node has the ability to obtain service and administrate data by itself. The implementation of process control and administration to service-oriented workflow process models is standardized by SO A and program model. Activities in workflow are implemented with Web services and workflow becomes Web services that can run on Internet. This system can run fluently on different OS and can corporate easily with different business system.Considering the different development and running environment of business system, this service-oriented workflow system has a reconstructed architecture of
workflow management system by using service-oriented thinking. It overcomes the defect of the traditional workflow systems with C/S architecture that often have resource bottleneck in server, and the defect of P2P based workflows systems that fail to administrate the process and utilize advantage of Web services. This workflow system also has stronger adaptability, scalability, flexibility and better performance.
本文通过研究Web服务与工作流结合的应用场景以及面向服务的技术架构,依照CommonJ规范定义的编程模型,探讨了一个完全面向服务的工作流系统的设计和实现方案。该系统针对Web服务的特性,重新构造了工作流管理系统的架构,并以Web服务取代传统的工作流引擎。工作流实现了描述文件与执行体的分离,采用“粗粒度”的Web服务作为工作流执行体,在工作流结点上实现了服务于数据管理的自治,并实现了以面向服务为基础的工作流过程控制模型的流转控制。流程中的活动完全由Web服务实现,使工作流流程成为一个能够在Internet上调用的服务,真正实现了跨越操作系统和业务系统的平台无关性。
这种面向服务的工作流充分考虑到业务系统开发环境的多样性,采用面向服务的思想重构工作流管理系统架构,既克服了传统C/S工作流存在服务器端瓶颈的缺陷,又克服了P2P工作流系统可管理性差、不能充分利用Web服务优势的缺点,具有较强的适应性、扩展性和灵活性。
Workflow is a technology that can put normal control and standard administration on business process. As infrastructures and systems supporting Web Services are getting into mature, more and more organizations begin to integrate Web services as part of their business processes. However, both the conventional workflow systems with C/S architecture and the P2P based workflows systems coming late have many limitations, which make enterprises can't take advantage of Web services to realize a flexible business process.By researching the application scene between Web services and workflow, as well as the technology of service oriented architecture, this article presents the design and implementation for a completely service-oriented workflow system which according to the programming model of CommonJ. This article also talks about the reconstruction of workflow system's architecture and the replacement of workflow engine by using web service corresponding the characters of web service. Workflows in this system are 地 divided into description document and executor module. The module is implemented with "coarse grained" Web services. The workflow node has the ability to obtain service and administrate data by itself. The implementation of process control and administration to service-oriented workflow process models is standardized by SO A and program model. Activities in workflow are implemented with Web services and workflow becomes Web services that can run on Internet. This system can run fluently on different OS and can corporate easily with different business system.Considering the different development and running environment of business system, this service-oriented workflow system has a reconstructed architecture of
workflow management system by using service-oriented thinking. It overcomes the defect of the traditional workflow systems with C/S architecture that often have resource bottleneck in server, and the defect of P2P based workflows systems that fail to administrate the process and utilize advantage of Web services. This workflow system also has stronger adaptability, scalability, flexibility and better performance.
引文
[1] 王辅东.面向服务的工作流管理系统及其可靠性研究:[硕士学位论文].扬州大学,2003.12
[2] Gartner Group. Predicts 2003: SOA Is Changing Software, December 2002. http://www.gartner.com/resources/111900/111987/111987.pdf
[3] Workflow Management Coalition. The Workflow Reference Model. WfMC-TC-1003, Issue 1.1, October 1997.http://www.WfMC.org
[4] Web Services Architecture.W3C Working Draft, http://www.W3.org/TR/ws—arch/, May 2003
[5] 王志宏、祁国宁等.基于Web服务的软件共享资源研究.计算机应用系统,2006.1
[6] W3C Recommendation. Extensible Markup Language (XML) 1.0 (Second Edition), October 2000.http://www.w3.org/TR/2000/REC-xml-20001006,
[7] Box E, et al. Simple Object Access Protocol (SOAP 1.1). W3C Note, May 2000.http://www.w3.org/TR/SOAP/
[8] Christensen E, Curbera F, Meredith G, et al. Web Services Description Language (WSDL 1.1), March 2001. W3C Note, http://www.w3.org/TR/wsdl
[9] DAML. Darpa Agent Markup Language Program. http://www.daml.org/index.html.
[10] Universal Description, Discovery and Integration (UDDI 2.0). UDDI Technical White Paper, 2001.http://www.uddi.org/specification.html
[11] Matjaz B. Juric, Benny Mathew, et al. Business Process Execution Language for Web Services: BPEL and BPEL4WS. Packet Publishing Ltd, October 2004.
[12] BEA Systems, Inc. Domain Model For SOA: Realizing the Business Benefit of Service-Oriented Architecture, November 2005. http://dev2dev.bea.com.cn/download/BEA_SOA_Domains_WP.pdf,November2005
[13] Judith Myerson.在企业级SOA中使用Web服务,March 2005.http://www-128.ibm.com/developerworks/cn/webservices/ws-soa-enter1/index.html
[14] Rick Robison.理解面向服务的体系架构中企业服务总线场景和解决方案,July 2004.http://www-128.ibm.com/devetoperworks/cn/webservices/ws-esbscen/
[15] Matt Rothera.企业门户集成和企业服务总线,October 2005.http://chinaitpower.com/2005 September/2005-10-19/208962.html
[16] 倪志刚.BEA和IBM联合规范:CommonJ简介,December 2005. http://dev2dev.bea.com.cn/techdoc/20051221711.html
[17] BEA System Inc. Service Component Architecture White Paper, version 0.9, November 2005.
[18] BEA System Inc & IBM Corp. Next-Generation Data Programming: Service Data Object, November 2005.
[19] International Business Machine Corp. & BEA System Inc. Timer and Work Manager for Application Servers, November 2005.
[20] BEA System Inc & IBM Corp. SCA Service Component Architecture-Assembly Model Specification, November 2005. http://dev2dev.bea.com/2005/11/SCA_AssemblyModel_V09.pdf
[21] BEA System Inc & IBM Corp. Service Data Object for Java Specification, November 2005. http://www.bea.com/dev2dev/assets/sdo/SDO_Specification_Java_V2.01.pdf.
[22] BEA System Inc & IBM Corp. JSR 237: Work Manager for Application Servers, December 2003. http://www.jcp.org/en/jsr/detail.
[23] IBM Corp.Enterprise Metadata Discovery specification page, December 2005. ftp://www6.software.ibm.com/software/developer/library/j-emd/Enterprise%20Metadata%20Discovery_v0.12.pdf.
[24] 范玉顺.工作流管理技术基础.清华大学出版社,2001.
[25] 叶春杨.基于Web服务的流程协作研究:[硕士学位论文].北京:中国科学院软件研究所,2003.
[26] 柴晓路.Web服务架构与开放互操作技术.清华大学出版社,2002.
[27] Robert Flenner.Java P2P技术内幕.人民邮电出版社,2003.
[28] 任志宏.基于Internet工作流的复合Web服务框架.计算机研究与发展,2003,40(7).
[2] Gartner Group. Predicts 2003: SOA Is Changing Software, December 2002. http://www.gartner.com/resources/111900/111987/111987.pdf
[3] Workflow Management Coalition. The Workflow Reference Model. WfMC-TC-1003, Issue 1.1, October 1997.http://www.WfMC.org
[4] Web Services Architecture.W3C Working Draft, http://www.W3.org/TR/ws—arch/, May 2003
[5] 王志宏、祁国宁等.基于Web服务的软件共享资源研究.计算机应用系统,2006.1
[6] W3C Recommendation. Extensible Markup Language (XML) 1.0 (Second Edition), October 2000.http://www.w3.org/TR/2000/REC-xml-20001006,
[7] Box E, et al. Simple Object Access Protocol (SOAP 1.1). W3C Note, May 2000.http://www.w3.org/TR/SOAP/
[8] Christensen E, Curbera F, Meredith G, et al. Web Services Description Language (WSDL 1.1), March 2001. W3C Note, http://www.w3.org/TR/wsdl
[9] DAML. Darpa Agent Markup Language Program. http://www.daml.org/index.html.
[10] Universal Description, Discovery and Integration (UDDI 2.0). UDDI Technical White Paper, 2001.http://www.uddi.org/specification.html
[11] Matjaz B. Juric, Benny Mathew, et al. Business Process Execution Language for Web Services: BPEL and BPEL4WS. Packet Publishing Ltd, October 2004.
[12] BEA Systems, Inc. Domain Model For SOA: Realizing the Business Benefit of Service-Oriented Architecture, November 2005. http://dev2dev.bea.com.cn/download/BEA_SOA_Domains_WP.pdf,November2005
[13] Judith Myerson.在企业级SOA中使用Web服务,March 2005.http://www-128.ibm.com/developerworks/cn/webservices/ws-soa-enter1/index.html
[14] Rick Robison.理解面向服务的体系架构中企业服务总线场景和解决方案,July 2004.http://www-128.ibm.com/devetoperworks/cn/webservices/ws-esbscen/
[15] Matt Rothera.企业门户集成和企业服务总线,October 2005.http://chinaitpower.com/2005 September/2005-10-19/208962.html
[16] 倪志刚.BEA和IBM联合规范:CommonJ简介,December 2005. http://dev2dev.bea.com.cn/techdoc/20051221711.html
[17] BEA System Inc. Service Component Architecture White Paper, version 0.9, November 2005.
[18] BEA System Inc & IBM Corp. Next-Generation Data Programming: Service Data Object, November 2005.
[19] International Business Machine Corp. & BEA System Inc. Timer and Work Manager for Application Servers, November 2005.
[20] BEA System Inc & IBM Corp. SCA Service Component Architecture-Assembly Model Specification, November 2005. http://dev2dev.bea.com/2005/11/SCA_AssemblyModel_V09.pdf
[21] BEA System Inc & IBM Corp. Service Data Object for Java Specification, November 2005. http://www.bea.com/dev2dev/assets/sdo/SDO_Specification_Java_V2.01.pdf.
[22] BEA System Inc & IBM Corp. JSR 237: Work Manager for Application Servers, December 2003. http://www.jcp.org/en/jsr/detail.
[23] IBM Corp.Enterprise Metadata Discovery specification page, December 2005. ftp://www6.software.ibm.com/software/developer/library/j-emd/Enterprise%20Metadata%20Discovery_v0.12.pdf.
[24] 范玉顺.工作流管理技术基础.清华大学出版社,2001.
[25] 叶春杨.基于Web服务的流程协作研究:[硕士学位论文].北京:中国科学院软件研究所,2003.
[26] 柴晓路.Web服务架构与开放互操作技术.清华大学出版社,2002.
[27] Robert Flenner.Java P2P技术内幕.人民邮电出版社,2003.
[28] 任志宏.基于Internet工作流的复合Web服务框架.计算机研究与发展,2003,40(7).
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