黑龙江东安—汤旺河地区金矿地物化遥综合成矿预测
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摘要
东安-汤旺河地区位于我国小兴安岭矿集区，是我国浅成低温热液矿床研究的热点区域之一。自上世纪以来，该区域先后发现团结沟金矿、张三沟金矿、高松山金矿、平顶山金矿等23个金矿床。不同的学者从成矿地质背景、控矿构造、控矿岩体、矿床成因、成矿时代等多个方向进行了研究。但是，该区域森林大面积覆盖，给地质工作带来困难。因此，在前人研究的基础上，加强矿集区区域物化遥信息的提取分析，加强典型矿床的剖析研究，对于浅成低温热液成矿系统的认识以及该矿集区找矿预测都具有重要的意义。
水系沉积物分析结果表明，元素异常组合呈有规律的分布，高温元素异常组合分布在研究区西侧而低温元素异常组合出现在东侧。研究区东部寻找与中低温元素伴生的Au矿床的找矿潜力较大，并圈定出33个多元素异常组合。重磁边缘检测和遥感线环构造综合分析结果表明，矿集区具有3个层次的断裂。其中，F1-F4断裂是矿集区最重要的控岩构造。对于遥感资料，采用主成分分析提取了矿集区羟基异常和铁染异常。结合地质、物探以及已知矿点的信息，初步划分出4个找矿远景区，并总结了各个远景区的找矿特征。
高松山金矿赋存于白垩纪下统的板子房组，受构造控制。矿床由4个矿体组成，总体上表现出浅成低温热液型矿床的特征。高松山式矿床的物化遥勘探以寻找磁平缓区，Au、Ag、Sb、As、Bi组合异常和羟基蚀变为主。本文在GIS平台下，综合各类资料，确定在高松山金矿外围，F1界面以北为主要找矿方向。
团结沟金矿床的成矿母岩为中生代花岗斑岩。矿体受构造控制，由80多条矿体组成。总体上表现出斑岩型矿床的特征。通过电法有限元的理论计算，在矿区自有的地电模型下，存在识别宁远村组火山岩地层、花岗斑岩、片岩层区以及花岗斑岩接触带附近的蚀变带区域的条件。应用这个方法，对矿区外围15号勘探线和23号勘探线，进行了信息提取。其中，23号线具有进一步工作的价值。
以矿集区23个已知矿点为目标，建立各个证据因子模型，通过拟神经网络运算，求得一组权重。在该组权重下，划分了6个找矿远景区。
Dongan-Tangwanghe Region located in Xiaoxing'anling ore district is a hotresearch area about epithermal deposite in China. Since last century,23gold depositsinclude Tuanjiegou gold deposit, Zhangsangou gold deposit, Gaosongshan golddeposit and Pingdingshan gold deposit have been found in this region. Differentscholars have studied this area from different directions such as metallogenicgeological background, ore-controlling structure, ore control rock, genesis of thedeposit, mineralization age and so on. However, it is hard to do geological work forlarge area of forest. Therefore, on the basis of previous studies, it has obvioussignificance to strengthen the study of regional geophysical, geochemical, remotesensing information and typical deposits for both epithermal metallogenic system andprospecting prediction in this area.
The analytic result of stream sediments show systematic and regular elementdistributions. Anomalies of low-temperature elements and high-temperature elementsoccur in the western and eastern parts of the study area, respectively.The eastern areahas substantial potential for exploring Au deposits associated with middle-tolow-temperature elements, and this paper delineates33element anomaly associations.Combing edge detection of gravity and magnetic and linear ring structure of remotesensing, the faults of this area have been divided into3grades. Among all these faults,F1-F4fractures plays an important role in distribution of main rock and volcano rockstrata of this area. Though Principal component analysis, this paper extractsinformation of hydroxyl anomalies anomaly and iron staining anomaly. Combing theinformation of geology, geophysics and known deposits, this paper delineates4potential prospecting areas preliminary, and summarizes the prospecting features ofthese areas.
Gaosongshan gold deposit occurs in the board room of Lower Cretaceous, andhas been controlled by faults. The deposit is made up of4ore bodies. Totally, thisdeposit has feature of Epithermal deposit. The prospecting feature of Gaosongshan gold deposit is to locate the area which have flat magnetic anomalies,Au-Ag-Sb-As-Bi element anomaly associations and hydroxyl anomalies. Under GISplatform, Combing all kind of datum, this paper has forecasted the most importantdirection for prospecting is the north of F1.
The ore-forming mother rock of Tuanjiegou gold deposit is Mesozoic granites.The deposite is controlled by structure. Totally, this deposit has feature of Porphyrydeposit.Through calculation with method of finite element on electric prospecting, thegeoelectric model of this deposite has condition to distinguish the boundary ofNingyuancun group’ volcano rock strata, granite porphyry, schist layer and alterationzones which are nearby border of the granite porphyry. With this method, this paperhas extracted information of15th and23th exploratory line of periphery. And23thexploratory line has potential value.
As the goal of23known deposite, through Bp, this paper have established allkind of evidence factor models, and acquired a group of weight. With this group ofweight, this paer have drew the probability map of prospecting, and delineates6potential prospecting areas.
水系沉积物分析结果表明，元素异常组合呈有规律的分布，高温元素异常组合分布在研究区西侧而低温元素异常组合出现在东侧。研究区东部寻找与中低温元素伴生的Au矿床的找矿潜力较大，并圈定出33个多元素异常组合。重磁边缘检测和遥感线环构造综合分析结果表明，矿集区具有3个层次的断裂。其中，F1-F4断裂是矿集区最重要的控岩构造。对于遥感资料，采用主成分分析提取了矿集区羟基异常和铁染异常。结合地质、物探以及已知矿点的信息，初步划分出4个找矿远景区，并总结了各个远景区的找矿特征。
高松山金矿赋存于白垩纪下统的板子房组，受构造控制。矿床由4个矿体组成，总体上表现出浅成低温热液型矿床的特征。高松山式矿床的物化遥勘探以寻找磁平缓区，Au、Ag、Sb、As、Bi组合异常和羟基蚀变为主。本文在GIS平台下，综合各类资料，确定在高松山金矿外围，F1界面以北为主要找矿方向。
团结沟金矿床的成矿母岩为中生代花岗斑岩。矿体受构造控制，由80多条矿体组成。总体上表现出斑岩型矿床的特征。通过电法有限元的理论计算，在矿区自有的地电模型下，存在识别宁远村组火山岩地层、花岗斑岩、片岩层区以及花岗斑岩接触带附近的蚀变带区域的条件。应用这个方法，对矿区外围15号勘探线和23号勘探线，进行了信息提取。其中，23号线具有进一步工作的价值。
以矿集区23个已知矿点为目标，建立各个证据因子模型，通过拟神经网络运算，求得一组权重。在该组权重下，划分了6个找矿远景区。
Dongan-Tangwanghe Region located in Xiaoxing'anling ore district is a hotresearch area about epithermal deposite in China. Since last century,23gold depositsinclude Tuanjiegou gold deposit, Zhangsangou gold deposit, Gaosongshan golddeposit and Pingdingshan gold deposit have been found in this region. Differentscholars have studied this area from different directions such as metallogenicgeological background, ore-controlling structure, ore control rock, genesis of thedeposit, mineralization age and so on. However, it is hard to do geological work forlarge area of forest. Therefore, on the basis of previous studies, it has obvioussignificance to strengthen the study of regional geophysical, geochemical, remotesensing information and typical deposits for both epithermal metallogenic system andprospecting prediction in this area.
The analytic result of stream sediments show systematic and regular elementdistributions. Anomalies of low-temperature elements and high-temperature elementsoccur in the western and eastern parts of the study area, respectively.The eastern areahas substantial potential for exploring Au deposits associated with middle-tolow-temperature elements, and this paper delineates33element anomaly associations.Combing edge detection of gravity and magnetic and linear ring structure of remotesensing, the faults of this area have been divided into3grades. Among all these faults,F1-F4fractures plays an important role in distribution of main rock and volcano rockstrata of this area. Though Principal component analysis, this paper extractsinformation of hydroxyl anomalies anomaly and iron staining anomaly. Combing theinformation of geology, geophysics and known deposits, this paper delineates4potential prospecting areas preliminary, and summarizes the prospecting features ofthese areas.
Gaosongshan gold deposit occurs in the board room of Lower Cretaceous, andhas been controlled by faults. The deposit is made up of4ore bodies. Totally, thisdeposit has feature of Epithermal deposit. The prospecting feature of Gaosongshan gold deposit is to locate the area which have flat magnetic anomalies,Au-Ag-Sb-As-Bi element anomaly associations and hydroxyl anomalies. Under GISplatform, Combing all kind of datum, this paper has forecasted the most importantdirection for prospecting is the north of F1.
The ore-forming mother rock of Tuanjiegou gold deposit is Mesozoic granites.The deposite is controlled by structure. Totally, this deposit has feature of Porphyrydeposit.Through calculation with method of finite element on electric prospecting, thegeoelectric model of this deposite has condition to distinguish the boundary ofNingyuancun group’ volcano rock strata, granite porphyry, schist layer and alterationzones which are nearby border of the granite porphyry. With this method, this paperhas extracted information of15th and23th exploratory line of periphery. And23thexploratory line has potential value.
As the goal of23known deposite, through Bp, this paper have established allkind of evidence factor models, and acquired a group of weight. With this group ofweight, this paer have drew the probability map of prospecting, and delineates6potential prospecting areas.
引文
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