针阵列双极电晕放电间距优化及其对室内颗粒污染物捕集
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摘要
随着国民经济的发展、人民生活水平提高，对健康生活的要求也越来越高。人一生中大部分时间都是在室内度过的，室内空气品质的好坏直接影响着人体的健康。改善室内空气品质的主要措施之一就是控制空气中的污染物。
颗粒污染物是重要的室内污染物之一，作为影响室内空气品质的重要因素，因其对人体健康危害极大而备受关注。颗粒物去除技术主要有过滤式净化方法、负离子发生方法、静电除尘和非热放电方法。非热放电作为一个新兴技术因其具有效率高、能耗低的特点使得国内外在该领域的应用研究非常活跃。本文提出的针阵列双极电晕放电，相对于针板电晕放电具有更强的放电能量密度和放电稳定性。
为了得出提高多针双极电晕放电结构放电能量密度的有效方法和结果，本文在不同的相邻针尖间距、电极间距和针尖半径下进行针阵列对针阵列双极电晕放电装置的放电实验，分析了相邻针尖间距、电极间距和针尖半径对放电功率密度和放电稳定性的影响。得到的结论是：当针尖半径小于0.1mm时，放电能量密度变化不大，优化的针尖半径为0.1mm；放电功率密度随相邻针尖间距和电极间距增大而降低：相邻针尖间距在12-22mm范围内放电功率密度变化不大，优化的相邻针尖间距为16mm；最大可注入功率在电极间距为32mm时达到最大值。
本文利用得到的优化电极参数设计制作了非热放电反应器，并在该反应器上进行了颗粒物去除实验，研究了不同运行参数(外施电压、风速)对净化效率的影响；类比了两种不同电极结构(针阵列对针阵列与针阵列对板)对不同粒径颗粒物处理效率的差异。通过分析可知，反应器的运行参数对其净化效率影响较大，在正常的电晕放电范围内，净化效率随外施电压上升而提高，随风速的增大而降低，在相同运行参数下反应器的净化效率一般随粒径增大而提高；与针阵列对板反应器相比，该反应器对于粒径小于1μm的超细粒子具有更好的处理效果。
With the development of national economy and the improvement of people's living standard, the requirement of healthy living is becoming more and more important. Generally, one person spends most of his time in the house. The IAQ (indoor air quality) condition has a direct influence on the health of human beings. One of the main measures of improving IAQ is to control indoor air contaminants.
Particulate is one of the primary indoor air contaminants. Particulate is one of the major killers of indoor air quality and human health, and should been paid more attention. Particulate removal technologies mainly include mechanical filtration, negative ions generation, electrostatic precipitator and non-thermal plasma treatment. Non-thermal plasma method, as a promising technology with high efficiency and low cost, has been widely studied both home and abroad. The proposed multi-needle-to-multi-needle corona discharge is more powerful at discharge energy density and stability than the ones of needle-to-plate corona discharge.
In order to gain the effective method and results of improved discharge energy density of multi-needle-to-multi-needle corona discharge, the discharge experiments with different spaces between needlepoints, different spaces between electrode and different needlepoint radius had been conducted. Meanwhile, the effects of the spaces between needlepoints and between electrodes, and the effects of needlepoint radius on discharge energy density had also been analyzed theoretically. Generally, discharge energy density can be changed very little while the needlepoint radius is smaller than 0.1 mm. At the same time discharge energy density reduces with increase of spaces between needlepoints and between electrodes, but it has small changes when the space between needlepoints is in the range of 12mm ~ 22mm. The optimum space between needlepoint is about 16mm. And the allowable discharge energy density is up to its peak value when the space between electrodes is about 32mm.
The non-thermal discharge reactor was made at the optimum parameters, and was used for the particulate matter removal experiments. The effect of different operation parameters(applied voltage, wind speed) on purify efficiency and clean air delivery rate was researched by the above experiments. And we concluded that the reactor operation parameters has a great impact on its purify efficiency. The purify
颗粒污染物是重要的室内污染物之一，作为影响室内空气品质的重要因素，因其对人体健康危害极大而备受关注。颗粒物去除技术主要有过滤式净化方法、负离子发生方法、静电除尘和非热放电方法。非热放电作为一个新兴技术因其具有效率高、能耗低的特点使得国内外在该领域的应用研究非常活跃。本文提出的针阵列双极电晕放电，相对于针板电晕放电具有更强的放电能量密度和放电稳定性。
为了得出提高多针双极电晕放电结构放电能量密度的有效方法和结果，本文在不同的相邻针尖间距、电极间距和针尖半径下进行针阵列对针阵列双极电晕放电装置的放电实验，分析了相邻针尖间距、电极间距和针尖半径对放电功率密度和放电稳定性的影响。得到的结论是：当针尖半径小于0.1mm时，放电能量密度变化不大，优化的针尖半径为0.1mm；放电功率密度随相邻针尖间距和电极间距增大而降低：相邻针尖间距在12-22mm范围内放电功率密度变化不大，优化的相邻针尖间距为16mm；最大可注入功率在电极间距为32mm时达到最大值。
本文利用得到的优化电极参数设计制作了非热放电反应器，并在该反应器上进行了颗粒物去除实验，研究了不同运行参数(外施电压、风速)对净化效率的影响；类比了两种不同电极结构(针阵列对针阵列与针阵列对板)对不同粒径颗粒物处理效率的差异。通过分析可知，反应器的运行参数对其净化效率影响较大，在正常的电晕放电范围内，净化效率随外施电压上升而提高，随风速的增大而降低，在相同运行参数下反应器的净化效率一般随粒径增大而提高；与针阵列对板反应器相比，该反应器对于粒径小于1μm的超细粒子具有更好的处理效果。
With the development of national economy and the improvement of people's living standard, the requirement of healthy living is becoming more and more important. Generally, one person spends most of his time in the house. The IAQ (indoor air quality) condition has a direct influence on the health of human beings. One of the main measures of improving IAQ is to control indoor air contaminants.
Particulate is one of the primary indoor air contaminants. Particulate is one of the major killers of indoor air quality and human health, and should been paid more attention. Particulate removal technologies mainly include mechanical filtration, negative ions generation, electrostatic precipitator and non-thermal plasma treatment. Non-thermal plasma method, as a promising technology with high efficiency and low cost, has been widely studied both home and abroad. The proposed multi-needle-to-multi-needle corona discharge is more powerful at discharge energy density and stability than the ones of needle-to-plate corona discharge.
In order to gain the effective method and results of improved discharge energy density of multi-needle-to-multi-needle corona discharge, the discharge experiments with different spaces between needlepoints, different spaces between electrode and different needlepoint radius had been conducted. Meanwhile, the effects of the spaces between needlepoints and between electrodes, and the effects of needlepoint radius on discharge energy density had also been analyzed theoretically. Generally, discharge energy density can be changed very little while the needlepoint radius is smaller than 0.1 mm. At the same time discharge energy density reduces with increase of spaces between needlepoints and between electrodes, but it has small changes when the space between needlepoints is in the range of 12mm ~ 22mm. The optimum space between needlepoint is about 16mm. And the allowable discharge energy density is up to its peak value when the space between electrodes is about 32mm.
The non-thermal discharge reactor was made at the optimum parameters, and was used for the particulate matter removal experiments. The effect of different operation parameters(applied voltage, wind speed) on purify efficiency and clean air delivery rate was researched by the above experiments. And we concluded that the reactor operation parameters has a great impact on its purify efficiency. The purify
引文
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[16] 赵彬，陈玖玖，李先庭等．室内颗粒物的来源、健康效应及分布运动研究进展．环境与健康杂志，2005，22(1)：65-68
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[25] 席淑华，孙文娟，叶丽杰．大气污染对儿童健康所致潜在危害研究．环境与健康杂志，2000，17(1)：26-28．
[26] 田伟，陈刚才，陈克军等．室内空气中颗粒物对人体健康的影响．重庆环境科学，2002，24(5)：58-60
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[31] 向晓东．现代除尘理论与技术．北京：冶金工业出版社，2002，180-182．
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[34] Weinberg Stanley. Corona discharge device for destruction of airborne microbe and chemical toxins. US, 6042637
[35] Miyamoto et al. Corona-discharge air purification apparatus. JP, Jpn. Kokai Tokkyo Koho, 11342350.1999.
[36] Kuroki et al. Development of new electric air cleaner for controlling particulates and odors. Earozoru Kenkyu, 2000,15(2),116-123.
[37] 郝吉明，马广大．大气污染控制工程．北京：高等教育出版社，2002
[38] 联合国环境署(UNEP)．城市大气污染(续)．世界环境，1993，2：29-34．
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[2] lee Shun-Cheng, Li Wai-Ming, Ao Chio-Hang. Investigation of indoor air quality at residential homes in Hong Kong-case study. Atmospheric Environment. 2002, 36(1):225-237.
[3] Pope C.A., Bates D.V., Raizenne M.E. Health effects of particulate air pollution: time for reassessment. Environmental Health perspectives. 2004, 103(5): 472-480.
[4] A. P. Jones. Indoor air quality and health. Atmospheric Environment. 1999,33: 4535-4564.
[5] 魏复盛，Chapman RS．空气污染对呼吸健康影响研究．北京：中国环境科学出版社，2001．1-12．
[6] 周中平，赵寿堂，朱立等．室内污染检测与控制．北京：化学工业出版社，2002，52-53，314-321．
[7] 张文丽，徐东群，崔九思．空气细颗粒物(PM_(2.5))污染特性及其毒性机理的研究进展．中国环境监测，2002，18(1)：59-63．
[8] Dockery D.W., Spengler J.D. Indoor-outdoor relationship of respirable sulfates and particles. Atmospheric Environment, 1981, 15:335-343.
[9] 龚圣，黄肖容，隋贤栋．室内空气净化技术．环境污染治理技术与设备，2004，5(4)：55-57．
[10] 刘世珍等．武汉新装修住宅室内空气中甲醛的分析研究．北方环境，2005，30(1)：25-27．
[11] 潘小川．室内空气污染与健康危害评价．中国预防医学杂志，2002，3(3)：167-169．
[12] Lam G.C.k., Leung D.Y.C. et al. Street-level concentrations of nitrogen dioxide and suspended particulate matter in Hong Kong. Atmospheric Environment, 1998,33: 1-11.
[13] Perry R., Gee I.L. Vehicle emissions and effects on air quality: indoors and outdoors. Indoor Environment, 1994, 3:224-236
[14] Naether L P, Smith K R, Leaderer B P et al. Carbon Monoxide as a tracer for assessing exposures to particulate matter in wood and gas cookstove households of Highland Guatemala. Environmental Science and Technology, 2001,35:575-581.
[15] Jones N C, Thornton C A, Mark D et al. Indoor/Outdoor relationships of particulate matter in domestic homes with roadside, Urban and rural locations. Atmospheric Environment, 2000,24:2603-2612.
[16] 赵彬，陈玖玖，李先庭等．室内颗粒物的来源、健康效应及分布运动研究进展．环境与健康杂志，2005，22(1)：65-68
[17] 于玺华．现代空气微生物学．北京：人民军医出版社．2002
[18] Luo W. Theoretical and experimental studies for particle deposition in respiratory system: (Ph.D. thesis). Sweden: Royal Institute of Technology. 1994.
[19] Martonen TB, Graham RC, Hofmann W. Human subject age and activity level: factors addressed in a biomathematical deposition program for extrapolation modeling. Health Physics, 1989,57:49-59.
[20] 吴国平，胡伟，滕恩江等．室外空气污染对成人呼吸系统健康影响的分析．中国环境监测，2001，17(特刊)：33-38．
[21] 金永堂，周晓铁．大气污染对青少年生理机能的影响．环境与健康杂志，1998，15(3)：108-110．
[22] 胡汉升．环境医学．北京：中国环境科学出版社，1986，115-120．
[23] 吴德生，屈卫东，蒋颂晖等．环境与健康．北京：中国环境科学出版社，2001，33-38．
[24] 李红，曾凡刚，邵龙义等．可吸入颗粒物对人体健康危害的研究进展．环境与健康杂志，2002，19(1)：85-87．
[25] 席淑华，孙文娟，叶丽杰．大气污染对儿童健康所致潜在危害研究．环境与健康杂志，2000，17(1)：26-28．
[26] 田伟，陈刚才，陈克军等．室内空气中颗粒物对人体健康的影响．重庆环境科学，2002，24(5)：58-60
[27] 郭在理．空气净化器吸尘电场与负离子发生装置．电子技术，1994，1：13-15．
[28] 吴宝元等．多功能负离子空气净化器机理分析．沈阳黄金学院学报，1995，42：166-170．
[29] 杨钦慧．空气净化机技术介绍．国际交流，2000，8：18—19．
[30] 李杰等．新型封闭室内空气净化技术研究．大连理工大学学报，1998，3：6-9．
[31] 向晓东．现代除尘理论与技术．北京：冶金工业出版社，2002，180-182．
[32] 孔庆成．空气净化器纵向静电集尘装置．家用电器科技，1994，4：13-16
[33] W. Balachandran et al. Smoke precipitation by charged water aerosol. Journal of Electrostatics, 2001,51-52:193-199
[34] Weinberg Stanley. Corona discharge device for destruction of airborne microbe and chemical toxins. US, 6042637
[35] Miyamoto et al. Corona-discharge air purification apparatus. JP, Jpn. Kokai Tokkyo Koho, 11342350.1999.
[36] Kuroki et al. Development of new electric air cleaner for controlling particulates and odors. Earozoru Kenkyu, 2000,15(2),116-123.
[37] 郝吉明，马广大．大气污染控制工程．北京：高等教育出版社，2002
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