软件测试管理支持系统研究与应用
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摘要
软件测试是软件产品开发的重要环节,它直接关系到软件产品的质量、进度和成本。当前,程序正确性证明还不能成为软件质量保证的有效手段。在这种情况下,软件测试在将来相当长的一段时间内仍然是软件质量保证的有效方法。软件测试的重要性已经得到认识,但与之相应的如何组织和管理测试过程,如何提高测试管理水平却依然没有得到足够的重视。良好的测试过程管理体系不仅能够提高测试效率、保证测试质量,还可以通过对测试数据的分析,进行缺陷预防,提高软件产品开发质量。
本文分析了软件测试的原则,介绍了四种常见软件测试过程模型,测试过程改进模型的研究现状和几种较有影响的测试过程改进模型,并对几种常见测试管理工具进行了对比分析。在总结实际项目中测试管理经验和不足的基础上,以W模型为基本模型框架,吸收了H模型独立测试和迭代测试的思想,提出软件测试管理支持系统应用模型。
本文给出了软件测试管理支持系统应用模型的工作过程,分析了该应用模型的特点。并以软件测试管理支持系统应用模型为基础,进行测试管理支持系统的设计与应用。在测试管理支持系统中,对测试任务管理、测试用例管理、缺陷跟踪管理、需求跟踪管理、查询统计等进行了详细的功能设计和数据库设计,着重给出了需求跟踪实现机制、测试用例复用机制,并对缺陷跟踪流程进行了简化。
Software testing is an important stage in software development; it affects the software quality, schedule and cost directly. For the correctness of the procedure has not been the effective means of software quality assurance at present, software testing is the effective technique to ensure software quality in a long period. The importance of software testing has already been recognized, but people have not attached importance to how to organize and manage the process of testing and how to enhance the testing management. A good test process management system can not only raise the testing efficiency and assure testing quality, but also prevent defect and improve the quality of software development by analyzing testing data.
At first, the dissertation analyses the principle of software testing. In succession, it introduces four familiar software test process models, the research status of test process improvement models and several influential test process improvement models. Then it analyses several testing management tools comparatively. On the basis of summarizing experiences and shortcomings of the actual project, taking the W model as the basic model frame, absorbing independent and iterative idea of H model, the dissertation presents software testing management supporting system application model.
The dissertation introduces the process and the characteristics of software testing management supporting system application model. Basing on the model, the dissertation designs and applies software testing management supporting system. The dissertation introduces the function and database design of test task management, test case management, defect tracking management, requirements tracing management, query and statistics in detail, expatiates the mechanism of requirements tracing and test case reuse and simplifies the process of defect tracking.
本文分析了软件测试的原则,介绍了四种常见软件测试过程模型,测试过程改进模型的研究现状和几种较有影响的测试过程改进模型,并对几种常见测试管理工具进行了对比分析。在总结实际项目中测试管理经验和不足的基础上,以W模型为基本模型框架,吸收了H模型独立测试和迭代测试的思想,提出软件测试管理支持系统应用模型。
本文给出了软件测试管理支持系统应用模型的工作过程,分析了该应用模型的特点。并以软件测试管理支持系统应用模型为基础,进行测试管理支持系统的设计与应用。在测试管理支持系统中,对测试任务管理、测试用例管理、缺陷跟踪管理、需求跟踪管理、查询统计等进行了详细的功能设计和数据库设计,着重给出了需求跟踪实现机制、测试用例复用机制,并对缺陷跟踪流程进行了简化。
Software testing is an important stage in software development; it affects the software quality, schedule and cost directly. For the correctness of the procedure has not been the effective means of software quality assurance at present, software testing is the effective technique to ensure software quality in a long period. The importance of software testing has already been recognized, but people have not attached importance to how to organize and manage the process of testing and how to enhance the testing management. A good test process management system can not only raise the testing efficiency and assure testing quality, but also prevent defect and improve the quality of software development by analyzing testing data.
At first, the dissertation analyses the principle of software testing. In succession, it introduces four familiar software test process models, the research status of test process improvement models and several influential test process improvement models. Then it analyses several testing management tools comparatively. On the basis of summarizing experiences and shortcomings of the actual project, taking the W model as the basic model frame, absorbing independent and iterative idea of H model, the dissertation presents software testing management supporting system application model.
The dissertation introduces the process and the characteristics of software testing management supporting system application model. Basing on the model, the dissertation designs and applies software testing management supporting system. The dissertation introduces the function and database design of test task management, test case management, defect tracking management, requirements tracing management, query and statistics in detail, expatiates the mechanism of requirements tracing and test case reuse and simplifies the process of defect tracking.
引文
[1]Edward kit.Software Testing in the Real World:Improving the Process[M].Addison-Wesley,2007.
[2]Rex Black.Managing the Testing Process(Second Edition)[M].John Wiley &Sons,2006.
[3]于秀山,于洪敏.软件测试新技术与实践[M].北京:电子工业出版社,2006.9.
[4]张一玲.面向BOSS的软件测试管理系统的设计与实现[D].哈尔滨工业大学硕士学位论文,2004.9.
[5]Woi Hin,Kee.Future Implementation and Integration of Agile Methods in Software Development and Testing.Motorola Global Software Group Malaysia,2006.11.
[6]Tamura Y,Yamada S.A Software Testing-Management Tool for Distributed Development Environment.ICIM'2004,Nov.2004.
[7]CQMIS项目组.淮北矿业(集团)有限公司袁庄煤矿煤质管理信息平台需求规格说明书V2.0.合肥工业大学软件工程教研室,2006.6.
[8]CQMIS项目组.淮北矿业(集团)有限公司袁庄煤矿煤质管理信息平台研制工作报告V2.0.合肥工业大学软件工程教研室,2006.6.
[9]CQMIS项目组.淮北矿业(集团)有限公司袁庄煤矿煤质管理信息平台研制技术报告V2.0.合肥工业大学软件工程教研室,2006.6.
[10]徐芳.软件测试技术[M].北京:机械工业出版社,2006.1
[11]郑人杰.计算机软件测试技术[M].北京:清华大学出版社,1992.12.
[12]Glenford J.Myers.The Art of Software Testing(Second Edition)[M].John Wiley & Sons,2006.
[13]王立娟.基于过程的软件测试管理中关键技术的研究[D].大连海事大学硕士学位论文,2006.3.
[14]Jeffrey Voas.Trusted Software's Holy Grail[EB/OL].http://csdl2.computer.org/comp/proceedings/hicss/2003/1874/O9/187490338b.pdf,2007.11.
[15]Elfriede Dustin,Jeff Rashka,John Paul.Automated Software Testing:Introduction,Management and Performance[M].Addison-Wesley,2003.1.
[16]SkyeyTech,Inc.Issue Tracking and Project Management with BUGtrack [EB/OL].http://whitepapers.techrepublic.com.com/abstract.aspx?do id=122097,2008.5.
[17]杨静波,田悦峰.软件测试过程管理实践[J].测试员,2005,(9):35-43
[18]William E.Perry.Effective Methods for Software Testing(Second Edition)[M]. John Wiley & Sons,2000.
[19]Jonathan Bach.Session-Based Test Management[J].Software Testing and Quality Engineering,2007,12(3):23-26.
[20]朱艳.基于CMM的软件测试管理支持系统研究[D].大连海事大学硕士学位论文,2006.3.
[21]Ron Patton.Software Testing[M].SAMS Publishing,2006.
[22]陈文海,秦晓.软件测试管理工具的研究与实现[D].中国科学院研究生院硕士学位论文,2003.6.
[23]Mauro Pezz,Michal Young.Software Testing and Analysis:Process,Principles and Techniques[J].Precision Engineering.2004,24(1):30-36.
[24]章恒翀.软件测试管理系统的研究和实践[D].中国科学院软件研究所硕士学位论文,2002.6.
[25]Bill Hetzel.Complete Guide of Software Testing[M].John Wiley & Sons,2007.
[26]杨志磊.集成的需求和测试管理工具[D].中国科学院软件研究所硕士学位论文,2004.6.
[27]许磊,张维石.基于协作的缺陷跟踪技术研究[D].大连海事大学硕士学位论文,2005.3.
[28]Karl E.Wiegers.Software Requirements(2nd Edition)[M].Microsoft Press,2006.
[29]李文.测试管理系统设计与实现[D].电子科技大学硕士学位论文,2006.5.
[30]Shrini Kulkarni.Test Process Models-Yesterday,Today and Tomorrow [EB/OL].http://www.qaiasia.com/bpw/innerpages/documents/Process_Improvement/Model_and_Framework/PI_007-shrinivas_kulkarni.pdf,2007.12.
[31]Tim Koomen,Martin Pol.Test Process Improvement:A Practical Step-by-Step Guide to Structured Testing(影印版)[M].北京:高等教育出版社,2006.10.
[32]Ghaffari Abu,Joso W.Cangussu,Janos Turi.A Quantitative Learning Model for Software Test Process.Proceedings of the 38~(th)Annual Havaii International Conference on System Sciences.2005.
[33]冯晔.基于CMM的软件测试管理与改进模式的研究与实施[D].首都经济贸易大学硕士学位论文,2006.5.
[34]黄龙水,黄诚学.软件测试模型介绍[J].舰船电子工程,2004,24(3):35-38
[35]Robin F.Goldsmith,Dorothy Graham.Proactive Testing[EB/OL].http://www.ddj.com/architect/184414897,2007.6.
[36]Dan J.Mosley,Bruce Posey.Just Enough Software Test Automation[M].Pearson Education,2006.
[37]CMMI Product Team.CMMI for Acquisition(Version 1.2).Software Engineering Institute of Carnegie Mellon University,Nov.2007.
[38]CMMI Product Team.CMMI for Development(Version 1.2).Software Engineering Institute of Carnegie Mellon University,Aug.2006.
[39]T.Ericson,A.Subotic,S.Ursing.TIM-a Test Improvement Model[EB/OL].http://www.lucas.lth.se/events/doc2003/0113A.pdf,2008.4
[40]Ron Swinkels.A Comparison of TMM and Other Test Process Improvement Models.Frits Philips Institute,2006.11.
[41]飞思科技产品研发中心.实用软件测试方法与应用[M].北京:电子工业出版社,2003.8.
[42]Ilene Burnstein,Taratip Suwannasart,C.R.Carlson.Developing a Testing Maturity Model:Part Ⅰ.Crosstalk:The Journal of Defense Software Engineering,Aug 1996.
[43]Ilene Burnstein,Taratip Suwannasart,C.R.Carlson.Developing a Testing Maturity Model:Part Ⅱ.Crosstalk:The Journal of Defense Software Engineering,Sept 1996.
[44]Ilene Burnstein.Practical Software Testing-A Process-Oriented Approach[M].Springer-Verlag New York,2002.
[45]石继萍,赵卫利,薛胜军.基于CMM和TCMM的软件质量保证研究[J].交通与计算机,2006,24(5):117-120.
[46]Thomas C.Staab.Using SW-TMM to Improve the Testing Process[EB/OL].http://saspin.org/Using%20SW-TMM%20to%20Improve%20the%20Testing%20Process.pdf,2008.5
[47]尹平.TMM等级2测试策划过程的实现[J].信息技术与标准化,2006,(7):37-41.
[48]王福干,张靖,赵翀.测试能力评价与测试平台建设[J].海军工程大学学报,2006,18(4):109-112.
[49]胡兢玉.测试能力成熟度分析[J].计算机工程,2003,3(9):40-42.
[50]史美林,向勇,杨光信.计算机支持的协同工作理论与应用[M].北京:电子工业出版社,2000.12.
[51]T.Tulisalo,R.Carlsen.袁勤勇,袁源译.Lotus Domino 6应用开发手册[M].北京:北京希望电子出版社,2003.5.
[2]Rex Black.Managing the Testing Process(Second Edition)[M].John Wiley &Sons,2006.
[3]于秀山,于洪敏.软件测试新技术与实践[M].北京:电子工业出版社,2006.9.
[4]张一玲.面向BOSS的软件测试管理系统的设计与实现[D].哈尔滨工业大学硕士学位论文,2004.9.
[5]Woi Hin,Kee.Future Implementation and Integration of Agile Methods in Software Development and Testing.Motorola Global Software Group Malaysia,2006.11.
[6]Tamura Y,Yamada S.A Software Testing-Management Tool for Distributed Development Environment.ICIM'2004,Nov.2004.
[7]CQMIS项目组.淮北矿业(集团)有限公司袁庄煤矿煤质管理信息平台需求规格说明书V2.0.合肥工业大学软件工程教研室,2006.6.
[8]CQMIS项目组.淮北矿业(集团)有限公司袁庄煤矿煤质管理信息平台研制工作报告V2.0.合肥工业大学软件工程教研室,2006.6.
[9]CQMIS项目组.淮北矿业(集团)有限公司袁庄煤矿煤质管理信息平台研制技术报告V2.0.合肥工业大学软件工程教研室,2006.6.
[10]徐芳.软件测试技术[M].北京:机械工业出版社,2006.1
[11]郑人杰.计算机软件测试技术[M].北京:清华大学出版社,1992.12.
[12]Glenford J.Myers.The Art of Software Testing(Second Edition)[M].John Wiley & Sons,2006.
[13]王立娟.基于过程的软件测试管理中关键技术的研究[D].大连海事大学硕士学位论文,2006.3.
[14]Jeffrey Voas.Trusted Software's Holy Grail[EB/OL].http://csdl2.computer.org/comp/proceedings/hicss/2003/1874/O9/187490338b.pdf,2007.11.
[15]Elfriede Dustin,Jeff Rashka,John Paul.Automated Software Testing:Introduction,Management and Performance[M].Addison-Wesley,2003.1.
[16]SkyeyTech,Inc.Issue Tracking and Project Management with BUGtrack [EB/OL].http://whitepapers.techrepublic.com.com/abstract.aspx?do id=122097,2008.5.
[17]杨静波,田悦峰.软件测试过程管理实践[J].测试员,2005,(9):35-43
[18]William E.Perry.Effective Methods for Software Testing(Second Edition)[M]. John Wiley & Sons,2000.
[19]Jonathan Bach.Session-Based Test Management[J].Software Testing and Quality Engineering,2007,12(3):23-26.
[20]朱艳.基于CMM的软件测试管理支持系统研究[D].大连海事大学硕士学位论文,2006.3.
[21]Ron Patton.Software Testing[M].SAMS Publishing,2006.
[22]陈文海,秦晓.软件测试管理工具的研究与实现[D].中国科学院研究生院硕士学位论文,2003.6.
[23]Mauro Pezz,Michal Young.Software Testing and Analysis:Process,Principles and Techniques[J].Precision Engineering.2004,24(1):30-36.
[24]章恒翀.软件测试管理系统的研究和实践[D].中国科学院软件研究所硕士学位论文,2002.6.
[25]Bill Hetzel.Complete Guide of Software Testing[M].John Wiley & Sons,2007.
[26]杨志磊.集成的需求和测试管理工具[D].中国科学院软件研究所硕士学位论文,2004.6.
[27]许磊,张维石.基于协作的缺陷跟踪技术研究[D].大连海事大学硕士学位论文,2005.3.
[28]Karl E.Wiegers.Software Requirements(2nd Edition)[M].Microsoft Press,2006.
[29]李文.测试管理系统设计与实现[D].电子科技大学硕士学位论文,2006.5.
[30]Shrini Kulkarni.Test Process Models-Yesterday,Today and Tomorrow [EB/OL].http://www.qaiasia.com/bpw/innerpages/documents/Process_Improvement/Model_and_Framework/PI_007-shrinivas_kulkarni.pdf,2007.12.
[31]Tim Koomen,Martin Pol.Test Process Improvement:A Practical Step-by-Step Guide to Structured Testing(影印版)[M].北京:高等教育出版社,2006.10.
[32]Ghaffari Abu,Joso W.Cangussu,Janos Turi.A Quantitative Learning Model for Software Test Process.Proceedings of the 38~(th)Annual Havaii International Conference on System Sciences.2005.
[33]冯晔.基于CMM的软件测试管理与改进模式的研究与实施[D].首都经济贸易大学硕士学位论文,2006.5.
[34]黄龙水,黄诚学.软件测试模型介绍[J].舰船电子工程,2004,24(3):35-38
[35]Robin F.Goldsmith,Dorothy Graham.Proactive Testing[EB/OL].http://www.ddj.com/architect/184414897,2007.6.
[36]Dan J.Mosley,Bruce Posey.Just Enough Software Test Automation[M].Pearson Education,2006.
[37]CMMI Product Team.CMMI for Acquisition(Version 1.2).Software Engineering Institute of Carnegie Mellon University,Nov.2007.
[38]CMMI Product Team.CMMI for Development(Version 1.2).Software Engineering Institute of Carnegie Mellon University,Aug.2006.
[39]T.Ericson,A.Subotic,S.Ursing.TIM-a Test Improvement Model[EB/OL].http://www.lucas.lth.se/events/doc2003/0113A.pdf,2008.4
[40]Ron Swinkels.A Comparison of TMM and Other Test Process Improvement Models.Frits Philips Institute,2006.11.
[41]飞思科技产品研发中心.实用软件测试方法与应用[M].北京:电子工业出版社,2003.8.
[42]Ilene Burnstein,Taratip Suwannasart,C.R.Carlson.Developing a Testing Maturity Model:Part Ⅰ.Crosstalk:The Journal of Defense Software Engineering,Aug 1996.
[43]Ilene Burnstein,Taratip Suwannasart,C.R.Carlson.Developing a Testing Maturity Model:Part Ⅱ.Crosstalk:The Journal of Defense Software Engineering,Sept 1996.
[44]Ilene Burnstein.Practical Software Testing-A Process-Oriented Approach[M].Springer-Verlag New York,2002.
[45]石继萍,赵卫利,薛胜军.基于CMM和TCMM的软件质量保证研究[J].交通与计算机,2006,24(5):117-120.
[46]Thomas C.Staab.Using SW-TMM to Improve the Testing Process[EB/OL].http://saspin.org/Using%20SW-TMM%20to%20Improve%20the%20Testing%20Process.pdf,2008.5
[47]尹平.TMM等级2测试策划过程的实现[J].信息技术与标准化,2006,(7):37-41.
[48]王福干,张靖,赵翀.测试能力评价与测试平台建设[J].海军工程大学学报,2006,18(4):109-112.
[49]胡兢玉.测试能力成熟度分析[J].计算机工程,2003,3(9):40-42.
[50]史美林,向勇,杨光信.计算机支持的协同工作理论与应用[M].北京:电子工业出版社,2000.12.
[51]T.Tulisalo,R.Carlsen.袁勤勇,袁源译.Lotus Domino 6应用开发手册[M].北京:北京希望电子出版社,2003.5.
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