新疆干旱地区地下水资源勘查地球物理方法优选研究
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摘要
新疆地处欧亚大陆腹地,水资源短缺而又极不平衡。区内自北向南分布的阿尔泰山、准噶尔盆地、天山、塔里木盆地、昆仑山五大地形地貌单元宏观上形成“三山两盆”地理格局。降水主要集中于北部山区,东部由古生代、前古生代地层组成的低矮山峦剥蚀作用强烈,形成大面积石漠、地表无常年流水,为新疆地下水极度贫乏区。南部塔里木盆地塔克拉玛干沙漠边缘地区地表蒸发量几十倍于降水量,沙丘下的塔里木河古河道松散粉细砂含水层地下水矿化度3—6g/L,古河道外广大沙漠区水量很小,水质复杂。新疆天山的南、北麓及塔里木盆地是新疆主要经济支柱带,拥有丰富的能源、矿产品资源,开发潜力极大,电磁法公益性找水工作多集中于该区域。
运用加拿大PHOENIX公司V5系统MT大地电磁法、美国GEOMETRICS公司EH4系统电导率成像法、加拿大PHOENIX公司V5(2000)系统CSAMT可控源音频磁大地电流法、V5(2000)系统TDEM瞬变电磁法及法国IRIS公司NUMIS系统NMR核磁共振法在新疆典型干旱水文类型已知条件区开展找水试验研究工作,探讨新疆典型干旱水文类型区几种先进的电磁法及系统找水有效性、适应性、野外工作效率、成本比较等因素,对今后在新疆干旱区开展电磁法找水工作提供参考性建议。
Xinjiang has abundant water resources. The South and the North Wings of the Tianshan Mountains and Tarim Basin are the major economy regions where there are abundant energy and mineral resources. Water exploration for the public welfare is mostly focused at above mentioned region.
To efficiently and accurately identify the distribution of groundwater resources in Xinjiang, geophysical exploration methods need to be developed which are suitable for the different types of water in arid regions. This paper summarizes the efficiency, adaptability, field efficiency and cost comparison for various geophysical exploration methods employed in the water exploration in arid Xinjiang and provide experience models for water exploration in arid Xinjiang with the application of geophysical methods.
Based on the main types of groundwater and hydrogeological features in arid Xinjiang, geophysical methods are mostly employed to locate fault/ fracture/ fissure structures which act as channels for water migration in mountain areas. From the fore-lands to the plains and desert, the key issues for water exploration is to apply geophysical methods to the understanding of the Quaternary stratigraphy structure, basement depth, geological structures and the features of multi-storey structures of aquifers.
A couple of geophysical approaches have been applied to explore water in arid Xinjiang, such as MT method of V5 system by Canadian PHOENIX CORPORATION, EH4 system conductivity imaging by American GEOMETRICS CORPORATION, CSAMT controlled source audio-frequency magnetic ground current method and the TDEM method of V5(2000) system by Canadian PHOENIX CORPORATION, NMR method of NUMIS System of France IRIS CORPORATION. All these approaches have their own advantages in the water exploration in arid Xinjiang. Therefore, one or an assemblage of approaches should be employed for a specific geological, hydrogeological, geophysical environment to solve the problem.
Research results have been applied to the choosing of approach(es) to conduct water exploration in three different types of hydrological areas and to achieve good results. These successful experiments provide beneficial models for underground water exploration in arid Xinjiang.
运用加拿大PHOENIX公司V5系统MT大地电磁法、美国GEOMETRICS公司EH4系统电导率成像法、加拿大PHOENIX公司V5(2000)系统CSAMT可控源音频磁大地电流法、V5(2000)系统TDEM瞬变电磁法及法国IRIS公司NUMIS系统NMR核磁共振法在新疆典型干旱水文类型已知条件区开展找水试验研究工作,探讨新疆典型干旱水文类型区几种先进的电磁法及系统找水有效性、适应性、野外工作效率、成本比较等因素,对今后在新疆干旱区开展电磁法找水工作提供参考性建议。
Xinjiang has abundant water resources. The South and the North Wings of the Tianshan Mountains and Tarim Basin are the major economy regions where there are abundant energy and mineral resources. Water exploration for the public welfare is mostly focused at above mentioned region.
To efficiently and accurately identify the distribution of groundwater resources in Xinjiang, geophysical exploration methods need to be developed which are suitable for the different types of water in arid regions. This paper summarizes the efficiency, adaptability, field efficiency and cost comparison for various geophysical exploration methods employed in the water exploration in arid Xinjiang and provide experience models for water exploration in arid Xinjiang with the application of geophysical methods.
Based on the main types of groundwater and hydrogeological features in arid Xinjiang, geophysical methods are mostly employed to locate fault/ fracture/ fissure structures which act as channels for water migration in mountain areas. From the fore-lands to the plains and desert, the key issues for water exploration is to apply geophysical methods to the understanding of the Quaternary stratigraphy structure, basement depth, geological structures and the features of multi-storey structures of aquifers.
A couple of geophysical approaches have been applied to explore water in arid Xinjiang, such as MT method of V5 system by Canadian PHOENIX CORPORATION, EH4 system conductivity imaging by American GEOMETRICS CORPORATION, CSAMT controlled source audio-frequency magnetic ground current method and the TDEM method of V5(2000) system by Canadian PHOENIX CORPORATION, NMR method of NUMIS System of France IRIS CORPORATION. All these approaches have their own advantages in the water exploration in arid Xinjiang. Therefore, one or an assemblage of approaches should be employed for a specific geological, hydrogeological, geophysical environment to solve the problem.
Research results have been applied to the choosing of approach(es) to conduct water exploration in three different types of hydrological areas and to achieve good results. These successful experiments provide beneficial models for underground water exploration in arid Xinjiang.
引文
[1] 兰险、王卫江等.新疆干旱地区地下水资源勘查地球物理方法应用示范与方法优选研究报告.内部出版.2003
[2] 新疆地质矿产勘查开发局地下水资源勘查项目组.新疆维吾尔自治区地下水资源勘查战略研究报告.内部出版.1999
[3] 王卫江、兰险等.电磁法在新疆干旱地区找水效果及适应性探讨 新疆地质.2004
[4] 兰险、王卫江等.电磁法系统在新疆干旱地区找水工作中的使用方法及运用效果.新疆地质.2004
[5] 蒋邦远.实用近区磁源瞬变电磁法勘探[M].地质出版社.1998
[6] Г.С.瓦赫罗麦哲夫 А.Ю.达维坚科等著,潘玉玲、刘天佑等译.勘探地球物理建模问题. 中国地质大学出版社.1994
[7] 朴化荣.电磁测深法原理.地质出版社.1992
[8] 新疆地质志地质矿产志编纂委员会.新疆通志·地质矿产志[M].新疆人民出版社.1997
[9] 兰险、王卫江等.新疆干旱地区地下水资源勘查评价物探工作手册.内部出版.2003
[10] 新疆马兰技术部第五研究室.瞬变电磁法在沙漠中探测地下水淡水体的应用.内部出版.1995
[11] 新疆第一水文地质大队.新疆塔克拉玛干沙漠中 KT2 号孔水文地质勘查研究报告.内部出版.1996
[12] 孟宪玮、朱庆俊、彭成、杨桂新.综合物探在罗布泊地下水勘查中的应用[J].工程地球物理学报.2004,
[13] 潘玉玲、万乐、袁照令、李振宇.核磁共振找水方法的现状和发展趋势[J]地质科技情报.2000,(01)
[14] 嵇艳鞠.瞬变电磁接收装置对浅层探测的畸变分析与数值剔除.地球物理学进展.2007.01
[15] 王庆乙.近区瞬变场的频率效应与大深度探测能力的研究.地质与勘探.2007.01
[16] 唐新功.瞬变电磁法找水研究.工程地球物理学报.2005.03
[17] 张保祥.瞬变电磁法在地下水勘查中的应用研究综述.地下水 2004.02
[18] 刘福生.全新概念的找水仪美国产 EH_4 连续电导率剖面仪.内蒙古水利.2002.01
[19] 曹福祥.塔里木盆地南缘地下水勘查EH-4系统应用效果.勘察科学技术.2006.05
[20] 严盛新.可控源大地电磁测深法(CSAMT)在沙漠腹地找水中的技术应用.新疆有色金属.2003.S2
[21] 伍岳.EH4 电磁成像系统在砂岩地区勘查地下水的应用研究.物探与化探.1999.05
[22] J. D. McNeill.Advances in electromagnetic methods for groundwater studies.Geoexploration, Volume 27, Issues 1-2, February 1991,
[23] Kendrick Taylor, Regina Bochicchio and Michael Widmer.A transient electromagnetic survey to define hydrogeology. A case history Geoexploration, Volume 27, Issues 1-2, February 1991
[24] P. G. Cook, G. R. Walker, G. Buselli, I. Potts and A. R. Dodds.The application of electromagnetic techniques to groundwater recharge investigations.Journal of Hydrology, Volume 130, Issues 1-4, January 1992,
[25] G. J. Palacky.Use of airborne electromagnetic methods for resource mapping.Advances in Space Research, Volume 13, Issue 11, November 1993,
[26] M. Goldman, B. Rabinovich, M. Rabinovich, D. Gilad, I. Gev and M. Schirov.Application of the integrated NMR-TDEM method in groundwaterexploration in Israel.Journal of Applied Geophysics, Volume 31, Issues 1-4, February 1994,
[27] Anatoly Legchenko, Jean-Michel Baltassat, Alain Beauce and Jean Bernard.Nuclear magnetic resonance as a geophysical tool for hydrogeologists.Journal of Applied Geophysics, Volume 50, Issues 1-2, May 2002,
[28] Adele Manzella, Gianni Volpi, Annalisa Zaja and Max Meju Combined TEM-MT investigation of shallow-depth resistivity structure of Mt Somma-Vesuvius.Journal of Volcanology and Geothermal Research, Volume 131, Issues 1-2, 15 March 2004,
[29] 王培盛.被动源高频电磁采样系统在大同矿区找水中的应用.同煤科技.2003.01
[30] 潘玉玲.地面核磁共振找水方法在中国的应用效果.地质通报 2003.02
[31] 姬广柱.甚低频电磁法寻找地下水探讨.地下水.2002.01
[32] 罗洪发.被动源高频大地电磁系统的应用 地质与勘探 2002.06
[33] 孙升林.EH4 电磁成像系统在中西部岩溶区地下水勘查中的应用 中国煤田地质.2001.03
[34] 袁照令. 核磁共振找水方法在贫水地区找地下水的效果.应用科学学报.2001.03
[35] 底青云.CSAMT 法和高密度电法探测地下水资源.地球物理学进展.2001.03
[36] 张子平.瞬变电磁在干旱地区探测岩溶水的应用 中国煤田地质 2000.02
[37] 余才盛.CSAMT 法在阿联酋爱茵地区找水的应用效果.水利水电快报.2000.18
[38] 吕福林.二维频率电磁测深技术在找水中的应用.甘肃地质学报 2000.02
[39] 吴海成.水文物探] 遥感联合勘测方案的讨论.物探与化探 1999.05
[40] 王卫平.航空电磁法在黄河口地区寻找浅层淡水的地质效果. 物探与化探 1999.02
[41] 曾亮.小波分析在提高核磁共振找水信号信噪比中的应用探讨 CT 理论与应用研究.2006.02
[42] 王鹏.地面核磁共振-垂向电测深组合找水模式.地质科技情报 2006.03
[43] 庞军.CSAMT 法在塔中地区找水应用概论 新疆有色金属 2005.S1
[44] 曹福祥.地面核磁共振(NMR)找水技术及其应用效果浅析.中国煤田地质.2007.01
[45] 李振宇.地面核磁共振找水方法综述.勘探地球物理进展 2002.06
[2] 新疆地质矿产勘查开发局地下水资源勘查项目组.新疆维吾尔自治区地下水资源勘查战略研究报告.内部出版.1999
[3] 王卫江、兰险等.电磁法在新疆干旱地区找水效果及适应性探讨 新疆地质.2004
[4] 兰险、王卫江等.电磁法系统在新疆干旱地区找水工作中的使用方法及运用效果.新疆地质.2004
[5] 蒋邦远.实用近区磁源瞬变电磁法勘探[M].地质出版社.1998
[6] Г.С.瓦赫罗麦哲夫 А.Ю.达维坚科等著,潘玉玲、刘天佑等译.勘探地球物理建模问题. 中国地质大学出版社.1994
[7] 朴化荣.电磁测深法原理.地质出版社.1992
[8] 新疆地质志地质矿产志编纂委员会.新疆通志·地质矿产志[M].新疆人民出版社.1997
[9] 兰险、王卫江等.新疆干旱地区地下水资源勘查评价物探工作手册.内部出版.2003
[10] 新疆马兰技术部第五研究室.瞬变电磁法在沙漠中探测地下水淡水体的应用.内部出版.1995
[11] 新疆第一水文地质大队.新疆塔克拉玛干沙漠中 KT2 号孔水文地质勘查研究报告.内部出版.1996
[12] 孟宪玮、朱庆俊、彭成、杨桂新.综合物探在罗布泊地下水勘查中的应用[J].工程地球物理学报.2004,
[13] 潘玉玲、万乐、袁照令、李振宇.核磁共振找水方法的现状和发展趋势[J]地质科技情报.2000,(01)
[14] 嵇艳鞠.瞬变电磁接收装置对浅层探测的畸变分析与数值剔除.地球物理学进展.2007.01
[15] 王庆乙.近区瞬变场的频率效应与大深度探测能力的研究.地质与勘探.2007.01
[16] 唐新功.瞬变电磁法找水研究.工程地球物理学报.2005.03
[17] 张保祥.瞬变电磁法在地下水勘查中的应用研究综述.地下水 2004.02
[18] 刘福生.全新概念的找水仪美国产 EH_4 连续电导率剖面仪.内蒙古水利.2002.01
[19] 曹福祥.塔里木盆地南缘地下水勘查EH-4系统应用效果.勘察科学技术.2006.05
[20] 严盛新.可控源大地电磁测深法(CSAMT)在沙漠腹地找水中的技术应用.新疆有色金属.2003.S2
[21] 伍岳.EH4 电磁成像系统在砂岩地区勘查地下水的应用研究.物探与化探.1999.05
[22] J. D. McNeill.Advances in electromagnetic methods for groundwater studies.Geoexploration, Volume 27, Issues 1-2, February 1991,
[23] Kendrick Taylor, Regina Bochicchio and Michael Widmer.A transient electromagnetic survey to define hydrogeology. A case history Geoexploration, Volume 27, Issues 1-2, February 1991
[24] P. G. Cook, G. R. Walker, G. Buselli, I. Potts and A. R. Dodds.The application of electromagnetic techniques to groundwater recharge investigations.Journal of Hydrology, Volume 130, Issues 1-4, January 1992,
[25] G. J. Palacky.Use of airborne electromagnetic methods for resource mapping.Advances in Space Research, Volume 13, Issue 11, November 1993,
[26] M. Goldman, B. Rabinovich, M. Rabinovich, D. Gilad, I. Gev and M. Schirov.Application of the integrated NMR-TDEM method in groundwaterexploration in Israel.Journal of Applied Geophysics, Volume 31, Issues 1-4, February 1994,
[27] Anatoly Legchenko, Jean-Michel Baltassat, Alain Beauce and Jean Bernard.Nuclear magnetic resonance as a geophysical tool for hydrogeologists.Journal of Applied Geophysics, Volume 50, Issues 1-2, May 2002,
[28] Adele Manzella, Gianni Volpi, Annalisa Zaja and Max Meju Combined TEM-MT investigation of shallow-depth resistivity structure of Mt Somma-Vesuvius.Journal of Volcanology and Geothermal Research, Volume 131, Issues 1-2, 15 March 2004,
[29] 王培盛.被动源高频电磁采样系统在大同矿区找水中的应用.同煤科技.2003.01
[30] 潘玉玲.地面核磁共振找水方法在中国的应用效果.地质通报 2003.02
[31] 姬广柱.甚低频电磁法寻找地下水探讨.地下水.2002.01
[32] 罗洪发.被动源高频大地电磁系统的应用 地质与勘探 2002.06
[33] 孙升林.EH4 电磁成像系统在中西部岩溶区地下水勘查中的应用 中国煤田地质.2001.03
[34] 袁照令. 核磁共振找水方法在贫水地区找地下水的效果.应用科学学报.2001.03
[35] 底青云.CSAMT 法和高密度电法探测地下水资源.地球物理学进展.2001.03
[36] 张子平.瞬变电磁在干旱地区探测岩溶水的应用 中国煤田地质 2000.02
[37] 余才盛.CSAMT 法在阿联酋爱茵地区找水的应用效果.水利水电快报.2000.18
[38] 吕福林.二维频率电磁测深技术在找水中的应用.甘肃地质学报 2000.02
[39] 吴海成.水文物探] 遥感联合勘测方案的讨论.物探与化探 1999.05
[40] 王卫平.航空电磁法在黄河口地区寻找浅层淡水的地质效果. 物探与化探 1999.02
[41] 曾亮.小波分析在提高核磁共振找水信号信噪比中的应用探讨 CT 理论与应用研究.2006.02
[42] 王鹏.地面核磁共振-垂向电测深组合找水模式.地质科技情报 2006.03
[43] 庞军.CSAMT 法在塔中地区找水应用概论 新疆有色金属 2005.S1
[44] 曹福祥.地面核磁共振(NMR)找水技术及其应用效果浅析.中国煤田地质.2007.01
[45] 李振宇.地面核磁共振找水方法综述.勘探地球物理进展 2002.06