基于模型和GIS技术估算1955-2005年中国稻田甲烷排放
|
摘要
温室气体引起的全球气候变暖已成为全世界面临的重大环境问题。甲烷(CH4)是重要的温室气体之一。2005年大气中CH4浓度为1774 ppb,比工业革命前增加了1059 ppb,但自二十世纪80年代以来其增长速率呈下降趋势。灌溉稻田是大气中CH4的重要来源。
中国作为水稻生产大国,其稻田对全球CH4排放的影响已经成为全球变化研究的焦点之一。近50多年来,我国水稻种植面积和农业管理方式等发生了巨大变化。大量研究表明,有机肥是稻田甲烷产生的重要基质来源。毫无疑问,水稻种植面积和施肥结构等的变化必然影响我国稻田CH4排放量。估计我国的稻田CH4排放量,研究其时空变化规律,不仅对于我国的科学研究和国家利益具有一定的重要性,同时也是全球变化研究的内容之一,有助于评价我国水稻生产在区域稻田甲烷排放中的作用,同时为有效制定农业温室气体减排对策提供科学依据。
本文的研究目的为：通过调研我国1955-2005年水稻生产农业耕作变化数据库,估算1955-2005年中国稻田CH4排放的情况,并分析中国稻田CH4排放的时空变化规律。
本研究通过水稻农业生产管理信息农户问卷调查,结合现有文献资料调研的基础上,采取一定的规则对所获取的数据进行整理后,建立了包括1950s-1990s中国水稻田农业耕作变化数据库,包括水稻种植面积、产量、有机肥施用量及结构、化肥施用量及类型、水分管理方式等要素；在已建立的1950s-1990s中国水稻田农业耕作变化数据库的基础上,根据中国水稻种植制度区划,估算了中国稻田历年外源有机碳投入情况；将我国不同区域水稻生产及其与CH4排放有关的数据和其他输入参数代入CH4MOD运行,估算1955-2005年稻田甲烷排放的时空变化。
研究结果表明,1955-2005年我国水稻种植面积变化极其明显。1950s中后期为31.1×106hm2左右,至1960s下降到29.2×106hm2左右；其后稳步上升,至1970s达到历史最高,约34.9×106hm2,这主要是由于大力推广双季稻,1950s中期双季稻种植面积约占水稻总面积的50%,1970s中期超过70%；由于双季稻种植面积逐年减少,1970s中期以后全国水稻面积下降,2001-2005年平均种植面积为28.4×106hm2,双季稻面积所占比例在45%左右。
1955～2005年间中国水稻田外源有机碳投入持续增加。1950s-2000s每个年代的平均有机碳投入分别为2.96、3.00、3.41、3.64、3.83和4.28 tC·ha-1.其中来源于秸秆根茬的有机碳投入呈增加趋势；而来源于农家肥的有机碳投入则呈降低趋势,其占总投入比例从1950s的77.7%降低到2000s的37.2%；绿肥有机碳投入占总有机碳投入比例不高,其变化范围为1.5%-8.5%,基本上呈现出先增加后减少的趋势。
在空间分布上,水稻田有机碳投入高值区主要集中在华中和华南地区,近50年其范围基本保持在2.88～5.61 tC·ha-1,而低水平投入区则在东北、西北区投入水平变化范围为1.11～2.47 tC·ha-1。
来源于秸秆根茬的有机碳投入增加是稻田有机肥投入增加的重要原因。上世纪五十年代中国稻田秸秆根茬有机碳投入为0.63 t Cha-1,约占总投入的20.4%,到二十一世纪初期,秸秆根茬有机碳投入为2.64 t Cha-1,约占总有机碳投入的61.1%。秸秆根茬投入增加是秸秆还田率提高和作物产量增加的共同作用。
近50年来中国大陆水稻生长季甲烷排放总体呈增加趋势,1960-1975年增加速率最快,年均增加167Gg；自1970s中期开始增加速率减缓,年均增加量54Gg。1960s、1970s、1980s和1990s年均排放量分别为3.18±0.53、4.71±0.27、5.21±0.24和5.79±0.34Tg/yr,2000-2005年平均排放量为6.25±0.36Tg/yr。由于未考虑杂交稻种植和化肥氮施用对CH4排放的影响,估计值可能偏高。
中国稻田CH4排放具有较强的时空变异性。中国稻田甲烷排放高值区主要分布在湖南、湖北、江西、广东、广西、江苏和安徽省,约占全国稻田甲烷排放总量的73%。在区域水平上,我国各水稻种植区CH4排放总量自1950s以来均呈增加趋势。自20世纪70年代以来,华中和华南地区稻田CH4排放的增加趋势减缓,但1980-2005年间东北三省CH4排放增加显著,这主要归因于该区水稻种植面积的迅速扩大和气温升高。
本研究通过覆盖中国主要水稻种植区的水稻农业耕作农户问卷调查,建立了1950s-1990s中国水稻农业基础耕作变化基础数据库。将稻田甲烷排放模型CH4MOD和GIS空间化数据库结合,模拟估计了中国大陆1955-2005年水稻生长季稻田甲烷排放量,研究了较长时间序列内中国稻田CH4排放的时空变异规律,系统的回答了中国稻田CH4排放的过去,这将有助于我们评价中国水稻历史生产在区域稻田CH4排放中的贡献,同时可以为制定有效温室气体的减排措施提供科学支持。
Methane (CH4), one of the most important greenhouse gases in the atmosphere, has been paid much attention due to its substantial contribution to global warming. The concentration of methane in the atmosphere is 1774 ppb in 2005, much more 1059 ppb than before the PreIndustrial Revolution, but its growth rate declines since the 80s twenty century. Irrigated rice fields have been recognized as an important source of global CH4 emission.
China is one of the most important rice-producing countries in the world.The impact of Chinese rice fields on atmosphere CH4 incurs increasing attentions. The rice-planted area and agricultural management ways have changed dramatically in the past 50 years. A large number of studies have showed that organic manure input is the main sources of methane emissions from rice fields. Undoubtedly, the changes in rice-planted area and fertilization will inevitalbly affect the methane emissions from Chinese rice fields. Estimates of CH4 emission from Chinese rice fields over the past decades, is of great importance not only for evaluation the role Chinese rice production have played in regional methane emissions, but also helps to provide support for making effecticve mitigation countermeasures against climate change.
The objectives of this study are to estimate methane emissions from Chinese rice fields over the past fifty years and analyze the changes in temporal and spatial based on model and database of changes in Chinese rice agricultural cultivation.
In this study, we collected 1950s-1990s rice agricultural cultivation data through farmer questionnaire survey, combined with formal statistical data, including rice yield, planted area, organic fertilizer application rate and structure, the proportion of crop residue returned to rice field, chemical fertilizer application rate, water management and so on. According to Chinese rice-planted planning and the established agricultural cultivation changes in rice production from 1950s-1990s, annul organic carbon to Chinese rice fields was estimated;Combined the agricultural cultivation in rice-production database between 1950s-1990s with other input parameters into CH4MOD, the methane emissions from Chinese rice fields can be estimated during 1955-2005.
The results showed that the annual organic carbon input to rice fields has been increasing in the past 50 years. The average organic carbon inputs is 2.96,3.00,3.41, 3.64,3.83 and 4.28 t Cha-1 in the 1950s,1960s,1970s,1980s,1990s and 2000s separately. The input from crop residue and roots has been increasing, with the proportion accounting for the total organic carbon input increased from 20.4% in the 1950s to 61.7% in the 2000s;while the input from farmyard manure has been decreasing, with the proportion accounting for the total input decreased from 77.6% in the 1950s to 36.1% in the 2000s;the organic carbon input from green manure accounting for the total input remained 1.5-8.5%, taking on a increase and then downward trend. At the spatial distribution, the high value of organic carbon input to Chinese rice fields mainly concentrated in the central and southern China, keeping from 2.88-5.61 t Cha-1, while the lower-level organic carbon input is located in the northeast and northwest region, ranging from 1.11-2.47 t Cha-1 during 1950s-2000s.
The methane emissions from Chinese rice fields increased in general over the fifty years. The quantities of CH4 emission were estimated to be 3.18±0.53,4.71±0.27,5.22±0.24 and 5.79±0.34Tg/yr in the 1960s,1970s,1980s and 1990s, respectively. The mean amount of CH4 emission from 2000 to 2005 was estimated to be 6.25±0.36Tg/yr. Rapid increase occurred in the period 1960-1975 with a mean growth rate of 167Gg per year, while the growth rate decreased from 1976 to 2005 with 54Gg per year. Higher CH4 emissions was distributed in Hunan, Hubei, Jiangxi, Guangdong, Guangxi, Jiangsu and Anhui Province, accounting for approximately 73% of the national total CH4 emission in rice fields. Methane emissions from each rice-growing region in China have increased since 1950s. The increase of methane emission from Central and Southern China slowed down since 1970s. Methane emission in northeast China was estimated to have increased significantly since the early 1980s,which is mainly attributed to an expansion of rice cultivation and increase of air temperature.
In this study, database of agricultural cultivation in rice production in China during 1950s-1990s was established through large samples of farmer survey. Based on the database set up, combining with the characteristic of rice cropping regime, the annual organic carbon input to Chinese rice fields was estimated. On the foundation of methane emission estimation model and the support of GIS technology, grid-based datasets and CH4MOD were combined to simulate methane emission from Chinese rice fields in long time series and its temporal, spatial variation. The study answers the methane emissions from Chinese rice fields in the past, which not only helps to evaluate the role the Chinese rice production have played in regional methane emission, but also provide scientific support for the making effective countermeasures concerning agricultural greenhouse gases mitigation.
中国作为水稻生产大国,其稻田对全球CH4排放的影响已经成为全球变化研究的焦点之一。近50多年来,我国水稻种植面积和农业管理方式等发生了巨大变化。大量研究表明,有机肥是稻田甲烷产生的重要基质来源。毫无疑问,水稻种植面积和施肥结构等的变化必然影响我国稻田CH4排放量。估计我国的稻田CH4排放量,研究其时空变化规律,不仅对于我国的科学研究和国家利益具有一定的重要性,同时也是全球变化研究的内容之一,有助于评价我国水稻生产在区域稻田甲烷排放中的作用,同时为有效制定农业温室气体减排对策提供科学依据。
本文的研究目的为：通过调研我国1955-2005年水稻生产农业耕作变化数据库,估算1955-2005年中国稻田CH4排放的情况,并分析中国稻田CH4排放的时空变化规律。
本研究通过水稻农业生产管理信息农户问卷调查,结合现有文献资料调研的基础上,采取一定的规则对所获取的数据进行整理后,建立了包括1950s-1990s中国水稻田农业耕作变化数据库,包括水稻种植面积、产量、有机肥施用量及结构、化肥施用量及类型、水分管理方式等要素；在已建立的1950s-1990s中国水稻田农业耕作变化数据库的基础上,根据中国水稻种植制度区划,估算了中国稻田历年外源有机碳投入情况；将我国不同区域水稻生产及其与CH4排放有关的数据和其他输入参数代入CH4MOD运行,估算1955-2005年稻田甲烷排放的时空变化。
研究结果表明,1955-2005年我国水稻种植面积变化极其明显。1950s中后期为31.1×106hm2左右,至1960s下降到29.2×106hm2左右；其后稳步上升,至1970s达到历史最高,约34.9×106hm2,这主要是由于大力推广双季稻,1950s中期双季稻种植面积约占水稻总面积的50%,1970s中期超过70%；由于双季稻种植面积逐年减少,1970s中期以后全国水稻面积下降,2001-2005年平均种植面积为28.4×106hm2,双季稻面积所占比例在45%左右。
1955～2005年间中国水稻田外源有机碳投入持续增加。1950s-2000s每个年代的平均有机碳投入分别为2.96、3.00、3.41、3.64、3.83和4.28 tC·ha-1.其中来源于秸秆根茬的有机碳投入呈增加趋势；而来源于农家肥的有机碳投入则呈降低趋势,其占总投入比例从1950s的77.7%降低到2000s的37.2%；绿肥有机碳投入占总有机碳投入比例不高,其变化范围为1.5%-8.5%,基本上呈现出先增加后减少的趋势。
在空间分布上,水稻田有机碳投入高值区主要集中在华中和华南地区,近50年其范围基本保持在2.88～5.61 tC·ha-1,而低水平投入区则在东北、西北区投入水平变化范围为1.11～2.47 tC·ha-1。
来源于秸秆根茬的有机碳投入增加是稻田有机肥投入增加的重要原因。上世纪五十年代中国稻田秸秆根茬有机碳投入为0.63 t Cha-1,约占总投入的20.4%,到二十一世纪初期,秸秆根茬有机碳投入为2.64 t Cha-1,约占总有机碳投入的61.1%。秸秆根茬投入增加是秸秆还田率提高和作物产量增加的共同作用。
近50年来中国大陆水稻生长季甲烷排放总体呈增加趋势,1960-1975年增加速率最快,年均增加167Gg；自1970s中期开始增加速率减缓,年均增加量54Gg。1960s、1970s、1980s和1990s年均排放量分别为3.18±0.53、4.71±0.27、5.21±0.24和5.79±0.34Tg/yr,2000-2005年平均排放量为6.25±0.36Tg/yr。由于未考虑杂交稻种植和化肥氮施用对CH4排放的影响,估计值可能偏高。
中国稻田CH4排放具有较强的时空变异性。中国稻田甲烷排放高值区主要分布在湖南、湖北、江西、广东、广西、江苏和安徽省,约占全国稻田甲烷排放总量的73%。在区域水平上,我国各水稻种植区CH4排放总量自1950s以来均呈增加趋势。自20世纪70年代以来,华中和华南地区稻田CH4排放的增加趋势减缓,但1980-2005年间东北三省CH4排放增加显著,这主要归因于该区水稻种植面积的迅速扩大和气温升高。
本研究通过覆盖中国主要水稻种植区的水稻农业耕作农户问卷调查,建立了1950s-1990s中国水稻农业基础耕作变化基础数据库。将稻田甲烷排放模型CH4MOD和GIS空间化数据库结合,模拟估计了中国大陆1955-2005年水稻生长季稻田甲烷排放量,研究了较长时间序列内中国稻田CH4排放的时空变异规律,系统的回答了中国稻田CH4排放的过去,这将有助于我们评价中国水稻历史生产在区域稻田CH4排放中的贡献,同时可以为制定有效温室气体的减排措施提供科学支持。
Methane (CH4), one of the most important greenhouse gases in the atmosphere, has been paid much attention due to its substantial contribution to global warming. The concentration of methane in the atmosphere is 1774 ppb in 2005, much more 1059 ppb than before the PreIndustrial Revolution, but its growth rate declines since the 80s twenty century. Irrigated rice fields have been recognized as an important source of global CH4 emission.
China is one of the most important rice-producing countries in the world.The impact of Chinese rice fields on atmosphere CH4 incurs increasing attentions. The rice-planted area and agricultural management ways have changed dramatically in the past 50 years. A large number of studies have showed that organic manure input is the main sources of methane emissions from rice fields. Undoubtedly, the changes in rice-planted area and fertilization will inevitalbly affect the methane emissions from Chinese rice fields. Estimates of CH4 emission from Chinese rice fields over the past decades, is of great importance not only for evaluation the role Chinese rice production have played in regional methane emissions, but also helps to provide support for making effecticve mitigation countermeasures against climate change.
The objectives of this study are to estimate methane emissions from Chinese rice fields over the past fifty years and analyze the changes in temporal and spatial based on model and database of changes in Chinese rice agricultural cultivation.
In this study, we collected 1950s-1990s rice agricultural cultivation data through farmer questionnaire survey, combined with formal statistical data, including rice yield, planted area, organic fertilizer application rate and structure, the proportion of crop residue returned to rice field, chemical fertilizer application rate, water management and so on. According to Chinese rice-planted planning and the established agricultural cultivation changes in rice production from 1950s-1990s, annul organic carbon to Chinese rice fields was estimated;Combined the agricultural cultivation in rice-production database between 1950s-1990s with other input parameters into CH4MOD, the methane emissions from Chinese rice fields can be estimated during 1955-2005.
The results showed that the annual organic carbon input to rice fields has been increasing in the past 50 years. The average organic carbon inputs is 2.96,3.00,3.41, 3.64,3.83 and 4.28 t Cha-1 in the 1950s,1960s,1970s,1980s,1990s and 2000s separately. The input from crop residue and roots has been increasing, with the proportion accounting for the total organic carbon input increased from 20.4% in the 1950s to 61.7% in the 2000s;while the input from farmyard manure has been decreasing, with the proportion accounting for the total input decreased from 77.6% in the 1950s to 36.1% in the 2000s;the organic carbon input from green manure accounting for the total input remained 1.5-8.5%, taking on a increase and then downward trend. At the spatial distribution, the high value of organic carbon input to Chinese rice fields mainly concentrated in the central and southern China, keeping from 2.88-5.61 t Cha-1, while the lower-level organic carbon input is located in the northeast and northwest region, ranging from 1.11-2.47 t Cha-1 during 1950s-2000s.
The methane emissions from Chinese rice fields increased in general over the fifty years. The quantities of CH4 emission were estimated to be 3.18±0.53,4.71±0.27,5.22±0.24 and 5.79±0.34Tg/yr in the 1960s,1970s,1980s and 1990s, respectively. The mean amount of CH4 emission from 2000 to 2005 was estimated to be 6.25±0.36Tg/yr. Rapid increase occurred in the period 1960-1975 with a mean growth rate of 167Gg per year, while the growth rate decreased from 1976 to 2005 with 54Gg per year. Higher CH4 emissions was distributed in Hunan, Hubei, Jiangxi, Guangdong, Guangxi, Jiangsu and Anhui Province, accounting for approximately 73% of the national total CH4 emission in rice fields. Methane emissions from each rice-growing region in China have increased since 1950s. The increase of methane emission from Central and Southern China slowed down since 1970s. Methane emission in northeast China was estimated to have increased significantly since the early 1980s,which is mainly attributed to an expansion of rice cultivation and increase of air temperature.
In this study, database of agricultural cultivation in rice production in China during 1950s-1990s was established through large samples of farmer survey. Based on the database set up, combining with the characteristic of rice cropping regime, the annual organic carbon input to Chinese rice fields was estimated. On the foundation of methane emission estimation model and the support of GIS technology, grid-based datasets and CH4MOD were combined to simulate methane emission from Chinese rice fields in long time series and its temporal, spatial variation. The study answers the methane emissions from Chinese rice fields in the past, which not only helps to evaluate the role the Chinese rice production have played in regional methane emission, but also provide scientific support for the making effective countermeasures concerning agricultural greenhouse gases mitigation.
引文
1. Adhya, T.K., Rath, A.K., Gupta, P.K.1994. Methane emission from flooded rice fields under irrigated conditions. Biology and Fertility of Soils,18:245-248.
2. Adhya, T.K., Bharati, K., Mohanty S.R.2000. Methane emission from rice fields at Cuttack, India. Nutrient Cycling in Agroecosystems,58:95-105.
3. Anastasi, C., Dowding, M., Simpson, V. J.1992. Future CH4 emission from rice production. Journal of Geophysical. Research,97:7521-7525.
4. Aselmann, I., Crutzen, P. J.1989. Global distribution of natural freshwater wetland and rice paddies: Their net primary productivity, seasonality and possible methane emissions. Journal of Atmospheric Chemistry,8:307-358.
5. Aulakh, M.S., Bodenhender, J., Wassmann, R.2000a. Methane transport capacity of rice plants:I. Influence of methane concentration and growth stage analyzed with an automated measuring system.. Nutrient Cycling in Agroecosystems,58:357-366.
6. Aulakh, M. S., Bodenbender, J., Wassmann, R.2000b. Methane transport capacity of rice plants:Ⅱ. Variations among different rice cultivars and relationship with morphological characteristics. Nutrient Cycling in Agroecosystems,58:367-375.
7. Aulakh, M.S., Wassmann, R., Bueno, C.2001a. Impact of root exudates of different cultivars and plant development stages of rice (Oryza sativa L.) on methane production in a paddy soil. Plant and soil,230:77-86.
8. Aulakh, M.S., Wassmann, R., Bueno, C., Kreuzwieser, J., Rennenberg, H.2001b. Characterization of root exudates at different growth stages of ten rice(Oryza sativa L.) cultivars. Plant Biology,3: 139-148.
9. Aulakh, M.S., Wassmann, R., Rennenberg, H.2002. Methane transport capacity of twenty-two rice cultivars from five major Asian rice-growing countries. Agriculture Ecosystems and Environment, 91:59-71.
10. Bachelet, D., Neue, H.U.1993. Methane emissions from wetland rice areas of Asia. Chemosphere, 26:219-237
11. Bachelet, D., Kern, J., Tolg, M.1995. Balancing the rice carbon budget in China using a spatially～distributed data. Ecological Modelling,79:167-177.
12. Bodegom, P. M., Wassmann, R., Corton, T. M.2001. A process-based model for methane emission predictions from flooded rice paddies. Global Biogeochemical,Cycles,15:247-263
13. Bodelier, P.L.E., Rolev, P., Henchel. T.2000a. Stimulation by ammonium-based fertilizers of methane oxidation in soil around rice roots. Nature,403:421-424.
14. Bodelier, P.L.E., Han, A.P., Arth, I.R.2000b. Effects of ammonium-based fertilization on microbial processes involved in methane emission from soils planted with rice. Biogeochemistry,51: 225-257.
15. Bodelier, P.L.E., Laanbroek, J.H.2004. Nitrogen as a regulatory factor of methane oxidation in soils and sediments. FEMS Microbiology Ecology,47:265-277
16. Bouwman, A. F.1990. Exchange of greenhouse gases between terrestrial ecosystems and the atmosphere. In:Bouwman, A. F. (ed.) Soils and Greenhouse Effect, pages 61-127, Chichester, Wiley and Sons, New York, USA.
17. Bouwman, A.F.1991. Agronomic aspects of wetland rice cultivation and associated methane emissions. Biogeochemistry,15:65-88.
18. Butterbach, B.K., Papen, H., Rennenberg, H.1997. Impact of gas transport through rice cultivars on methane emissions from rice paddy fields. Plant, cell and environment,20:1175-1183.
19. Cai, Z. C., Xing, G., Yan, X..1997. Methane and nitrous oxide emissions from rice paddy fields as affected by nitrogen fertilisers and water management. Plant and Soil,196:7-14.
20. Cai, Z.C.1997.A category for estimate of CH4 emission from rice fields in China. Nutrient Cycling in Agroecosystems,49:171-179.
21. Cai, Z.C.1999. Measurements of CH4 and N2O emission from rice fields in Fengqiu, China. Soil Science and. Plant Nutrition,1:1-13.
22. Cai, Z. C., Mosier, A.2000. Effect of NH4Cl addition on methane oxidation by paddy soils. Soil Biology and Biochemistry,32:1537-1545.
23. Cai, Z. C., Tsuruta, H., Rong, X. M.2001. CH4 emissions from rice paddies managed according to farmer's practice in Hunan, China. Biogeochemistry,56:75-91.
24. Cai, Z. C., Tsuruta, H., Gao, M.2003. Options for mitigating methane emission from a permanently flooded rice field. Global Change Biology,9:37-45.
25. Cai, Z. C., Shan, Y., Xu, H.2007. MINI-REVIEW:Effects of nitrogen fertilization on CH4 emission from rice fields. Soil Science and Plant Nutrition,53:353-361.
26. Cao, M.K., Dent, J.B., Heal, O.W.1995. Modeling methane emissions from rice paddies. Global Biogeochemical. Cycles,9:183-195.
27. Cao, M.K., Gregson, S.J., Marshall, Dent, J. B., Heal, O.W.1996. Global methane from rice paddies. Chemosphere,33:879-897.
28. Cao, M.K., Gregson, S.J., Marshall.1998. Global methane emission from wetlands and its sensitivity to climate change. Atmospheric environment,32:3293-3299.
29. Cicerone, R. J., Shetter, J. D.1981. Sources of atmospheric methane:Measurements in rice paddies and a discussion. Journal of Geophysical Research,86:7203-7209.
30. Cicerone, R. J., Oremland, R. S.1988. Biogeochemical aspects of atmospheric methane. Global Biochemical Cycles,2:299-327.
31. Cicerone, R.J., Delwiche, C. C.1992. Methane emission from California rice paddy with varied treatments. Global Biogeochemical Cycles,6:233-248.
32. Conrad, R., Schink, B., Phelps, T. J.1986. Thermodynamics of H2-consuming and H2-producing metabolic reactions in diverse methanogenic environments under in situ conditions. FEMS Microbiology Letters,38:353-360.
33. Conrad, R., Rothfuss, F.1991. Methane oxidation in the soil surface layer of a flooded rice field and the effect of ammonium. Biology and Fertility of Soils,12:28-32.
34. Corton, T.M., Bajita, F.S., Grospe, R.R.2000. Methane emission from irrigated and intensively managed rice fields in Central Luzon (Philippines). Nutrient Cycling in Agroecosystems,58:37-53.
35. Dannenberg, S., Conrad, R.1999. Effect of rice plants on methane production and rhizospheric metabolism in paddy soil. Biogeochemistry,45:53-71.
36. Denman, K.L., Brasseur, G., Chidthaisong, A., et al. Couplings Between Changes in the Climate System and Biogeochemistry. In:Climate Change 2007:The Physical Science Basis. Contribution of Working Group I to the Fourth Assessment Report of the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change [Solomon S, Qin D, Manning M, et al. (eds.)]. Cambridge University Press, Cambridge, United Kingdom and New York, NY, USA,2007.
37. Denier, van der Gon H A C, Neue, H. U.1995. Influence of organic matter incorporation on methane emission from a wetland rice field. Global Biogeochemical Cycles,9:11-22.
38. Denier, van der Gon H A C, Kropff, M.J., Breemen, N. Van.2002. Optimizing grain yields reduces CH4 emissions from rice paddy fields. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences,99(19): 12021-12024.
39. Devol, A. H., Richey, J. E., Clark, W. A.1988. Methane Emissions to the Troposphere From the Amazon Floodplain. Journal of Geophysical Research,93 (D2):1583-1592.
40. Ding, A. J., Wang, M. X.1996. Model for methane emissions from rice fields and its application in Southern China. Advances in Atmospheric Sciences,2:159-168.
41. Dlugokencky, E. J., Masarie, K. A., Lang, P. M.1998. Continuing decline in the growth rate of the atmospheric methane burden. Nature,393:447-450.
42. Dorr, H., Katruff, L., and Levin, I.1993. Soil texture parameterisation of the CH4 uptake in aerated soils. Chemosphere,26:697-713.
43. FAOSTAT.2006. FAOSTAT Agricultural Data. Available at:http://faostat.fao.org.
44. Frenzel, P., Rothfuss, F., Conrad, R.1992. Oxygen profiles and methane turnover in a flooded rice microcosm. Biology and Fertility of Soils,14:84-89.
45. Frolking, S., Qiu, J. J., Boles, S.2002. Combining remote sensing and ground census data to develop new maps of the distribution of rice agriculture in China. Global Biogeochemical Cycles, 16(4):1091,doi:10.1029/2001GB001425.
46. Heng, Y., Zhuang, Y. H.1996. Estimation of methane emission from rice paddies in mainland China. Global biogeochemical Cycles,10(4):641-649.
47. Holzapfel-Pschorn, A., Conrad, R., Seiler, W.1985. Production, oxidation and emission of methane in rice paddies. FEMS Microbiology Letters,31(6):343-351.
48. Holzapfel-Pschorn, A., Seiler, W.1986. Methane emission during a cultivation period from an Italian rice paddy. Journal of Geophysica. Research,91:11803-11814.
49. Holzapfel-Pschorn, A., Conrad, R., Seiler, W.1986b. Effects of vegetation on the emission of methane from submerged soil. Plant and Soil,92:223-233
50. Houghton, J.T., Ding, Y., Griggs, D.J., Noguer, M., Linden, van der P.J., Dai, X., Maskell, K., Johnson, C. A (eds),2001. Climate Change 2001:The Scientific Basis Contribution of Working Group I to the Third Assessment Report of the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change Cambridge University Press, Cambridge.
51. Huang, Y., Sass, R., Fisher, F.1997a. Methane emission from Texas rice paddy soils.1. Quantitative multi-year dependence of CH4 emission on soil, cultivar and grain yield. Global Change Biology,3:479-489.
52. Huang, Y., Sass, R.L., Fisher, F.M.1997b. Methane emission from Texas rice paddy soils.2. Seasonal contribution of rice biomass production to CH4 emission. Global Change Biology,3: 491-500.
53. Huang, Y., Sass, R. L., Fisher, F. M.1998a. A semi-empirical model of methane emission from flooded rice paddy soils. Global Change Biology,4:247-268.
54. Huang, Y., Sass, R.L., Fisher, F.M.1998b. Model estimates of methane emission from irrigated rice cultivation of China. Global Change Biology,4:809-821.
55. Huang, Y., Jiang, J.Y., Zong, L.G.2001. Comparison of Field Measurements of CH4 Emission from Rice Cultivation in Nanjing, China and in Texas, USA. Advances in Atmospheric Sciences,18 (6):1121-1130.
56. Huang, Y., Jiao, Y., Zong, L.2002. Quantitative dependence of methane emission on soil properties. Nutrient Cycling in Agroecosystems,64:157-167.
57. Huang, Y., Zhang, W., Zheng, X.2004. Modeling methane emission from rice paddies with various agricultural practices. Journal of Geophysical Research,109, D08113, doi:101029/2003 JD004401.
58. Huang, Y., Zhang, W., Zheng, X.2006. Estimates of methane emissions from Chinese rice paddies by linking a model to GIS database. Acta Ecologica Sinica,26 (4):980-988.
59. Huang, Y., Zhang, W., Sun, W. J.2007. Net primary production of Chinese croplands from 1950 to 1999. Ecological Applications,17(3):692-701.
60. Hugo Denier van der Gon.1999a. Changes in CH4 emissions from rice fields from 1960 to 1990s 1. Impacts of modern rice technology. Global Biogeochemical Cycles,14(1):61-72.
61. Hugo Denier van der Gon.1999b. Changes in CH4 emissions from rice fields from 1960 to 1990s 2. The declining use of organic inputs in rice farming. Global Biogeochemical Cycles,13(4): 1053-1062.
62. Inubushi, K., Cheng, W., Aonuma, S.2003. Effects of free-air CO2 enrichment (FACE) on CH4 emission from a rice paddy field. Global Change Biology,9(10):1458-1464.
63. IPCC.2006 IPCC Guidelines for National Greenhouse Gas Inventories, Prepared by the National Greenhouse Gas Inventories Programme, Eggleston H.S., Buendia L., Miwa K., Ngara T. and Tanabe K. (eds). Published:IGES, Japan.
64. IPCC. Climate Change 2007:The Physical Science Basis. Contribution of Working Group I to the Fourth Assessment Report of the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change [Solomon, S., D. Qin, M. Manning, Z. Chen, M. Marquis, K.B. Averyt, M.Tignor and H.L. Miller (eds.)]. Cambridge University Press, Cambridge, United Kingdom and New York, NY, USA,2007
65. International Rice Research Institute (IRRI). IRRI World Rice Statistics (http://www.irri.org/) (DB/OL).
66. Jia, Z. J., Cai, Z.C., Xu, H.2002. Effects of rice cultivars on methane fluxes in a paddy soil. Nutrient Cycling in Agroecosystems,64:87-94.
67. Jia, Z. J., Cai, Z.C., Tsuruta, H.2006. Effect of rice cultivar on CH4 production potential of rice soil and CH4 emission in a pot experiment. Soil Science and Plant Nutrition,52:341-348.
68. Jiao, Y, Huang, Y, Zong, L.G., Zheng, X.H., Sass, R.L.2005. Effects of copper concentration on methane emission in rice soils. Chemosphere,58(2):185-193.
69. Kaushik, D., Baruah, K.K.2008. Methane emission associated with anatomical and morphophysiological characteristics of rice (Oryza sativa) plant. Physiologia Plantarum,134: 303-312.
70. Kern, J. S., Bachelet, D., Tolg, M.1995. Organic matter inputs and methane emission from soils in major rice growing regions of China, in Soils and Global Change, edited by R. Lal 等 pp.189-198, Lewis Publishers, Boca Raton, Fla.
71. Kern, J.S., Gong, Z.T., Zhang, G.L., Zhuo, H.Z., Luo, G.B.1997. Spatial analysis of methane emissions from paddy soils in China and the potential for emissions reduction. Nutrient Cycling in Agroecosystems,49:181-195.
72. Khalil, M., Rasmussen, R.A., Wang, M.X.., Ren, L.X..1991. Methane emission from rice fields in China. Environment Science Technology,25:979-981.
73. Khalil, M.A.K., Rasmussen, R.A., Shearer, M.J., Dalluge, R.W., Ren, L.X., Duan, C.L.1998a. Factors affecting methane emissions from rice fields. Journal of Geophysical Research,103: 25219-25231.
74. Khalil, M.A.K., Rasmussen, R.A., Shearer, M.J., Dalluge, R.W., Ren, L.X., Duan, C. L.1998b. Measurements of methane emissions from rice fields in China. Journal of Geophysical Research, 103(D19):25181-25210.
75. Kludze, H.K., DeLaune, R.D., Patrick, W.H.1993. Aerenchyma formation and methane and oxygen exchange in rice. Soil Science Society of America Journal,57:386-391.
76. Knowles, R.1993. Methane:processes of production and consumption. ASA special publication (USA),55:145-156.
77. Knox, J. W., Matthews, R. B., Wassmann, R.2000. Using a crop/soil simulation model and GIS techniques to assess methane emissions from rice fields in Asia Ⅲ. Databases. Nutrient Cycling in Agroecosystems,58(1-3):179-199.
78. Kruger, M., Frenzel, P.2003. Effects of N-fertilisation on CH4 oxidation and production, and consequences for CH4 emissions from microcosms and rice fields. Global Change Biology,9: 773-784.
79. Li, C., Frolking, S., Harriss, R. C.1994. Modeling carbon biogeochemistry in agricultural soils. Global Biogeochemical Cycles,8:237-254.
80. Li, C.2000. Modeling trace gas emission from agricultural ecosystems. Nutrient Cycling in Agroecosystems,103:181-210.
81. Li, C., Qiu, J., Frolking, S.2002. Reduced methane emissions from large-scale changes in water management of China's rice paddies during 1980-2000. Geophysical Research Letters,29(20): 1972, doi:10.1029/2002GL015370.
82. Li, C., Mosier, A., Wassmann, R.2004a. Modeling greenhouse gas emissions from rice-based production systems:Sensitivity and upscaling. Global Biogeochemical Cycles,18:GB1043, doi:101029/2003GB002045.
83. Li, J., Wang, M.X., Huang, Y., Wang, Y.S.2002. New estimates of methane emissions from Chinese rice paddies. Nutrient Cycling in Agroecosystems,64:33-42.
84. Li, Y., Lin, E. D., Rao, M. J.1997. The effect of agricultural practices on methane and nitrous oxide emissions from rice field and pot experiments. Nutrient Cycling in Agroecosystems,49:47-50.
85. Lindau, C.W., Bollich, P.K., DeLaune, R.D.1991. Effect of urea fertilizer and environmental factors on methane emissions from a Louisiana, USA rice field. Plant and Soil,136:195-203.
86. Lindau, C.W., Bollich, P.K., DeLaune, R.D.1995. Effect of rice variety on methane emission from Louisiana rice. Agriculture Ecosystems and Environment,54:109-114.
87. Ma, J., Xu, H., Yagi, K., Cai, Z.2008. Methane emission from paddy soils as affected by wheat straw returning mode. Plant and Soil,313:167-174.
88. MacDonald, J.A., Eggleton, P., et al.1998. Methane emission by termites and oxidation by soils, across a forest disturbance gradient in the Mbalmayo Forest Reserve, Cameroon. Global Change Biology,4:409-418.
89. Matthews, E., Fung, I., lerner, J.1991.Methane emission from rice cultivation:geographic and seasonal distribution of cultivated areas and emissions. Global Biogeochemical Cycles,5(1):3-24.
90. Matthews, R.B., Wassmann, R., Arah, J.2000a. Using a crop/soil simulation model and GIS techniques to assess methane emission from rice fields in Asia. I. Model development. Nutrient Cycling in Agroecosystems,58:141-159.
91. Matthews, R. B., Wassmann, R., Knox, J. W.2000b.Using a crop/soil simulation model and GIS techniques to assess methane emissions from rice fields in Asia. IV. Upscaling to national levels. Nutrient Cycling in Agroecosystems,58(1-3):201-217.
92. Minamikawa, K., Sakai, N., Hayashi, H.2005. The effect of ammonium sulfate application on methane emission and soil carbon content of a paddy field in Japan. Agriculture Ecosystems & Environment,107:371-379.
93. Minamikawa, K., Sakai, M.2005. The effect of water management based on soil redox potential on methane emission from two kinds of paddy soils in Japan. Agriculture Ecosystems & Environment, 107:397-407.
94. Mitra, S., Wassmann, R., Jain, M.C., Pathak, H.2002. Properties of rice soils affecting methane production potentials:1. Temporal patterns and diagnostic procedures. Nutrient Cycling in Agroecosystems,64:169-182.
95. Naser, H.M., Nagata, O., Tamura, S.2007. Methane emissions from five paddy fields with different amounts of rice straw application in central Hokkaido, Japan. Soil science and plant nutrition,53: 95-101.
96. Neue, H.U., Becker-Heidmann, P., Scharpenseel, H. W.1990. Organic matter dynamics, soil properties and cultural practices in rice lands and their relationship to methane production. In:A. F. Bouwman (ed.), Soils and the Greenhouse Effect. John Wiley & Sons, New York, pp:457-466.
97. Neue, H.U., Lantin, R.L., Wassmann, R.1994. Methane emission from rice soils of the Philippines.In:CH4 and N2O-global emissions and controls from rice fields and other agricultural and industrial sources (Minami K, Mosier AR, Sass RL (eds.).NIAES Series 2, Tokyo, Japan. pp: 55-77.
98. Neue, H. U., Wassmann, R., Lantin, R. S., et al.1996. Factors affecting methane emission from rice fields. Atmospheric Environment,30:1751-1754.
99. Nouchi, I., Mariko, S., Aoki, K.1990. Mechanism of methane transport from the rhizospher to the atmosphere through rice plants. Plant Physiology,94:59-66.
100. Nouchi, I., Hosono, T., Aoki, K., Minami, K.1994. Seasonal-variation in methane flux from rice paddies associated with methane concentration in soil-water, rice biomass and temperature, and its modeling. Plant and Soil,161:195-208.
101. Nugroho, S., Lumbanraja, J., Suprapto, H.1994. Methane emission from an Indonesian paddy field subjected to several fertilizer treatments. Soil Science and Plant Nutrition,40(2):275-281.
102. Orapin, K.2005. Methane emission in four rice varieties as related to sugars and organic acids of roots and root exudates and biomass yield. Agriculture Ecosystems & Environment,108:155-163.
103. Papen, H., Rennenberg, H.1990. Microbial processes involved in emissions of radiatively important trace gases In:Transactions 14th International congress of soil Science, Tokyo. Pp.232-237.
104. Parashar, D.C., Gupta, P.K., Rai, J.1993. Effect of soils temperature on methane emission from paddy fields. Chemosphere,26:247-250.
105. Sass, R.L., Fisher, F.M., Harcombe, P.A.1990. Methane production and emission in a Texas rice field. Global Biogeochemical Cycles,4:47-68.
106. Sass, R.L., Fisher, F.M., Turner, F.T.1991. Methane emission from rice fields as influenced by solar radiation, temperature, and straw incorporation. Global Biogeochemical Cycles,5:335-350.
107. Sass, R.L., Fisher, F.M., Wang, Y. B.1992. Methane emission from rice fields:the effect of floodwater management. Global Biogeochemical Cycles,3:249-262.
108. Sass, R. L., Fisher, F.M., Lewis, S.T.1994. Methane emission from rice fields:effect of soil properties. Global Biogeochemical Cycles,8:135-140.
109. Sass, R. L., Fisher, F. M., Ding, A.1999. Exchange of methane from rice fields:National, regional, and global budgets. Journal of Geophysical Research,104(D21):26943-26952.
110. Sass, R.l., Andrews, J. A., Ding, A. J.2002. Spatial and temporal vaiability in methane emissions from rice paddies:Implications for assessing regional methane budgets. Nutrient Cycling in Agroecosystems,64:3-7.
111. Schimel, J. P., Gulledge, J.1998. Microbial community structure and global traces gases. Global Change Biology,4:745-758.
112. Schimel, J.2000. Global change:Rice, microbes and methane. Nature,403:375-377.
113. Schutz, H., Seiler, W., Conrad, R.1989a. Processes involved in formation and emission of methane in rice paddies. Biogeochemistry,7:33-53.
114. Schutz, H., Holzapfel-Pschorn, A., Conrad, R.1989b. A 3-year continuous record on the influence of daytime, season, and fertilizer treatment on methane emission rates from an Italian rice paddy. Journal of Geophysical Research,94:16405-16416.
115. Schutz, H., Seiler, W., Conrad, R.1990. Influence of soil temperature on methane emission from rice paddy fields. Biogeochemistry,11:77-95.
116. Setyanto, P., Rosenani, A.B., Boer, R.2004. The effect of rice cultivars on methane emission from irrigated rice field. Indonesia journal of Agricultural Science,5(1):20-31.
117. Svenson, B.H, Rosswell, T.1984. In Situ Methane Production from Acid Peat in Plant Communities with Different Moisture Regimes in a Subarctic Mire. Oikos,43:341-350.
118. Taylor, J. A., Brasseur, G. P., Zimmerman, P. R.1991. A study of the sources and sinks of methane and methyl chloroform using a global three-dimensional Lagrangian tropospheric tracer transport model. Journal of Geophysical Research,96:3013-3044.
119. Thornton, P.E., Running, S.W., White, M.A.1997. Generating surfaces of daily meteorological variables over large regions of complex terrain. Journal of Hydrology,190:214-251.
120. Thornton, P. E., Running, S.W.1999. An improved algorithm for estimating incident daily solar radiation from measurements of temperature, humidity, and precipitation. Agricultural and Forest Meteorology,93:211-228.
121. Towprayoon, S., Smakgahn, K., Poonkaew, S.2005. Mitigation of methane and nitrous oxide emissions from drained irrigated rice fields. Chemosphere,59:1547-1556.
122. Van Bodegom, P.M., Verburg, P.H., van der Gon, A.C.D.2002. Upscaling methane emissions from rice paddies:problems and possibilities. Global Biogeochemical.Cycles,16:10-14.
123. Wang, B., Neue, H.U., Samonte, H.P.1997. Effect of cultivar difference ('IR72',IR65598' and 'Dular') on methane emission. Agriculture. Ecosystems and. Environment,62:31-40.
124. Wang, B., Adachi, K.2000. Differences among rice cultivars in root exudation, methane oxidation, and populations of methanogenic and methanotrophic bacteria in relation to methane emission. Nutrient Cycling in Agroecosystems,58:349-356.
125. Wang, M.X., Dai, A.G., Shen, R.X.1990. CH4 emission from a Chinese rice paddy field. Acta Meteorologica Sinica,401:265-275.
126. Wang, M.X., Shangguan, X. J., Shen, R., Wassmann, R., Seiler, W.1993. Methane production, emission and possible control measures in rice agriculture. Advances in Atmospheric Sciences,3: 307-314.
127. Wang, M. X.1996. Methane production, emission and possible control measures in the rice agriculture. Advances in Atmospheric Sciences,10:307-314.
128. Wang, Z. P., Delaune, R. D.1993. Soil redox and pH effects on methane production in a flooded rice soil. Soil Science Society of America Journal,57:382-385.
129. Wang, Z. Y., Xu, Y. C., Li, Z., Guo, Y. X., Wassmann, R.2000. A four year record of methane emissions from irrigated rice fields in the Beijing region of China. Nutrient Cycling in Agroecosystems,58:55-63.
130. Wassmann, R., Schutz, H., Papen, H.1993. Quantification of methane emissions from Chinese rice fields (Zhejiang Province) as influenced by fertilizer treatment. Biogeochemistry,20:83-101.
131. Wassmann, R., Neue, H.U., Bueno, C., et al.1998. Methane production capacities of different rice soils derived from inherent and exogenous substrates. Plant and Soil,203:221-231.
132. Wassmann, R., Aulakh, M.S., Lantin, R.S., et al.2002. Methane emission patterns from rice fields planted to several rice cultivars from nine seasons. Nutrient Cycling in Agroecosystems,64: 111-124.
133. Watanabe, A., Kajiwara, M., Tashiro, T.1995. Influence of rice cultivar on methane emissions from paddy fields. Plant and soil,176:51-56.
134. Watanabe, A.1995. Estimation of the increase in CH4 emission from paddy soils by rice straw application. Plant and soil,173:225-231.
135. Watanabe, A., Yamada, H., Kimura, M.2005. Analysis of temperature effects on seasonal and interannual variation in CH4 emission from rice-planted pots. Agriculture Ecosystems and Environment,105:439-443.
136. Whalen, S.C., Reeburgh, W.S.1990. Consumption of atmospheric methane by tundra soils. Nature, 346:160-162.
137. Whiting, G.J., Chanton, J.P.1993. Primary production control of methane emission from wetlands. Nature,364:794-795.
138. Wilson, J. O., Grill, P. M., Bartlett, K. B.1989. Seasonal variation of methane emissions from a temperate swamp. Biogeochemistry,8:55-71.
139. World Meteorological Organization. The state of greenhouse gases in the atmosphere using global observations through 2006. WMO Greenhouse Gas Bulletin,2007.
140. Xie, B. H., Zheng, X. H., Zhou, Z. X., et al.2009. Effects of nitrogen fertilizer on CH4 emissions from rice fields:multi-site field observations. Plant and Soil, doi.10.1007/s11104-009-0020-3.
141. Xu, S.P., Jaffe, P.R., Mauzerall, D.L.2007. A process-based model for methane emission from flooded rice paddy systems. Ecological Modelling,205:475-491.
142. Xu, Z. J., Zheng, X. H., Wang, Y.S.2004. Effects of elevated CO2 and N fertilization on CH4 emission from paddy rice fields. Global Biogeochemical Cycles,18:GB3009, doi:10.1029/ 2004GB002233.
143.Yagi, K., Minami, K.1990. Effects of organic matter applications on emission from some Japaneses paddy fields. Soil Science and Plant Nutrition,36:599-610.
144. Yagi, K., Tsuruta, H., Kanda, K., Manami, K.1996. Effect of water management on methane emission from a Japanese rice field:Automated methane monitoring. Global Biogeochemical Cycles,10:255-267.
145. Yan, X. Y., Cai, Z. C., Toshimasa, O., et al.2003. Methane emission from rice fields in mainland China:Amount and seasonal and spatial distribution. Journal of Geophysical Research,108(D16): 4505, DOI 10.1029/2002JD003182.
146. Yan, X., Yagi, K., Akiyama, H.2005. Statistical analysis of the major variables controlling methane emission from rice fields. Global Change Biology,11:1131-1141, doi: 10.1111/j.1365-2486.2005.00976.x.
147. Yan, X., Akiyama, H., Yagi, K., Akimoto, H.2009. Global estimations of the inventory and mitigation potential of methane emissions from rice cultivation conducted using the 2006 Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change Guidelines. Global Biogeochem. Cycles,23:GB2002, doi:10.1029/2008GB003299.
148. Yao, H., Conrad, R.1999. Thermodynamics of methane production in different rice paddy soils from China, the Philipines, and Italy. Soil Biology and Biochemistry,31:463-473.
149. Yao, H., Conrad, R.2001. Thermodynamics of propionate degradation in anoxic paddy soil from different rice-growing regions. Soil Biology and Biochemistry,33:359-364.
150. Yu, Z., Shangguan, X., Pollard, D.2003. Simulating methane emission from a Chinese rice field as influenced by fertilizer and water level. Hydrological processes,17:3485-3501.
151. Zheng, X., Zhou, Z., Wang, Y.2006. Nitrogen-regulated effects of free-air CO2 enrichment on methane emissions from paddy rice fields. Global Change Biology,12:1717-1732.
152. Zou, J. W., Huang, Y., Zong, L. G., et al.2004. Carbon dioxide, nitrous oxide and methane emissions from a rice-winter wheat rotation system as affected by crop residue incorporation and temperature. Advance in Atmospheric Science,21:691-698.
153. Zou, J., Huang, Y., Jiang, J., Zheng, X., Sass, R.L.2005. A 3-year field measurement of methane and nitrous oxide emissions from rice paddies in China:effects of water regime, crop residue, and fertilizer application. Global Biogeochem. Cycles,19:GB2021.
154. Zou, J.W., Huang, Y., Qin, Y.M.2009.Changes in fertilizer-induced direct N2O emissions from paddy fields during rice-growing season in China between 1950s and 1990s. Global Change Biology,15:229-242.
155.宝鸡县宁王公社联合大队革委会.1975.稻麦两熟获高产.陕西农业科学,3：21-21.
156.蔡祖聪,沈光裕,颜晓元.1998.土壤质地,温度和Eh对稻田甲烷排放的影响,土壤学报,35：145-153.
157.蔡祖聪,颜晓元,鹤田治雄.1995a.丘陵区稻田CH4排放的空间分布.土壤学报,32：151-159.
158.蔡祖聪,颜晓元,鹤田治雄.1995b.氮肥品种对稻田CH4的影响.土壤学报,32(增刊)：136-142.
159.曹金留,任立涛,陈国庆.1998.水稻田烤田期间甲烷排放规律研究.农村生态环境,14(4)：1-4.
160.曹景蓉,洪业汤.1996.贵阳郊区水稻田甲烷释放通量的研究.土壤通报,27(1)：19-22.
161.陈德经.1980.紫云英肥效及施用研究.四川农业科技,2：24-25.
162.陈德章,王明星.1993.稻田CH4排放和土壤、大气条件的关系.地球科学进展,8(5)：37-46.
163.陈德章,王明星,上官行健,黄俊.1993.我国西南地区的稻田甲烷排放.地球科学进展,8(5)：47-54.
164.陈福祥.1979.水稻套种绿肥的肥效试验.土壤通报,5：44-44。
165.陈福兴,秦道珠,谢良商.1990.长期施用有机肥对土壤养分平衡及增产作用、肥料效应监测试验结果.土壤肥料,5：13-16.
166.陈冠雄,黄国宏,黄斌.1995.稻田CH4及N20的排放及养萍和施肥的影响.应用生态学报,6(4)：378-382.
167.陈启德,汪沄滨,曾庆曦,刘志明.1995.稻田种植绿肥的增产效果及对土壤肥力的影响.西南农业学报,8：117-123.
168.陈荣业,孙秀廷,李阿荣,潘遵谱,陈全武,惠茂新.1983.苏州高产稻区氮肥的经济施用.土壤学报,20(4)：373-385.
169.陈苇,卢婉芳,段彬伍等.2001.猪粪与沼气渣对双季稻田甲烷排放的影响.生态学报,21(2)： 265-270.
170.陈苇,卢婉芳,段彬伍.2002.稻草还田对晚稻稻田甲烷排放的影响.土壤学报,39(2)：170-176.
171.陈禹平,贾植三,田声高.1956.四川水稻施用有机无机混合肥料的初步试验总结.土壤学报,4：169-176.
172.陈宗良,高金和,袁怡,邵可声.1992.不同农业管理方式对北京地区稻田甲烷排放的影响研究.环境科学研究,5(4)：1-7.
173.陈志诚.1961.广东省几种水稻土耕层中团聚体与土壤耕性及肥力的关系.土壤通报,3：24-30.
174.成占生,马文进.2001.关于目前秸秆利用的研究与探讨.农村经济,1：33-34.
175.崔澂.1965.十年总结水稻高产栽培经验工作的回顾与瞻望.科学通报,5：377-381.
176.大洼农垦局荣兴农场农科站.1980.大面积杂交水稻丰产经验.新农业,1：8-9.
177.戴爱国,王明星,沈壬兴等.1991.我国杭州地区秋季稻田的甲烷排放.大气科学,15：102-110.
178.当阳县革命委员会农业科.1972.稻田绿肥高产和施用经验.湖北农业科学,5：35-36.
179.邓秉森.1979.早稻间种田菁的肥效与问题调查.土壤肥料,3：40-41.
180.邓铁金,樊友安,丁贤安.1981.双季稻、油菜三熟制经济效益与土壤肥力.土壤通报,6：1-4.
181.丁爱菊,王明星.1995.稻田甲烷排放的初级模式.大气科学,19(6)：733-740.
182.丁维新.2003.土壤甲烷氧化菌及水分状况对其活性的影响.中国生态农业学报,11(1)：94-97.
183.丁贤劫.1963.水旱轮作稻田提高土壤肥力的轮作复种经验.浙江农业科学,7：294-298.
184.杜尧东,刘锦銮,杨宁,王天龙.2005.赤红壤早稻田甲烷排放通量及其影响因素.生态学杂志,24(8)：939-942.
185.段彬伍,卢婉芳,陈苇.1999.种植杂交稻对甲烷排放的影响及评价.中国环境科学,19(5)：397-401.
186.樊卫妹,韩才明,董天云,顾慧萍,许建华,赵以林.2005.有机水稻肥料不同用量的效应研究.上海农业科技,3：44-45.
187.范业成,陶其骧,叶厚专,刘光荣,李宁,李祖章.1991.有机无机肥配施改土增产效果定位研究.江西农业学报,3(2)：104-111.
188.费槐林,王元卿,杨柏林.1963.大、小麦—连作稻全年三熟增产技术的初步研究.浙江农业科学,11：467-472.
189.冯文武.1989.有机肥料对水稻产量和土壤肥力的影响.内蒙古农业科技,3：19-22。
190.福建省农科院稻麦所葫芦阵基点.1980.葫芦阵大队麦稻稻三熟高产的技术经验.福建农业科技,6：10-12.
191.傅美兰.1989.不同冬绿肥与双季稻轮作效益分析.土壤肥料,6：39-40.
192.傅志强,黄璜,何保良.2007.水稻植株通气系统与稻田CH4排放相关性研究.作物学报,33(9)：1458-1467.
193.高菊生,秦道珠,刘更另,徐明岗.2002.长期施用有机肥对水稻生长发育及产量的影响.耕作与栽培,2：31-38.
194.高菊生,徐明岗,王伯仁,秦道珠,文石林,申华平.2005.长期有机无机肥配施对土壤肥力及水稻产量的影响.中国农学通报,21(8)：211-215.
195.高亮之,李林.水稻气象生态,北京：中国农业出版社,1992.
196.高明,车福才,魏朝富,谢德体,杨剑虹.2000.长期施用有机肥对紫色水稻土铁锰铜锌形态的影响.植物营养与肥料学报,6(1)：1 1-17.
197.高祥照,马文奇,马常宝,张福锁,王运华.2002.中国作物秸秆资源利用现状分析.华中农业大学学报,3：60-65.
198.高永刚,顾红,姬菊枝,王育光.2007.近43年来黑龙江气候变化对农作物产量影响的模拟研究.应用气象学报,18(4)：532-538.
199.广西农业科学研究院.1975.田菁对水稻增产效果试验小结.广西农业科学,9：42-45.
200.郭素英,徐亚萍,李宏勋.2007.河南沿黄稻区水稻肥床旱育壮秧技术.中国农村小康科技,10：45-45.
201.韩鲁佳,闫巧娟,刘向阳,胡金有.2002.中国农作物秸秆资源及其利用现状.农业工程学报,18(3)：87-91.
202.杭州市农业科学研究所栽培组.1977.小麦-连作稻三熟制全年粮食亩产超“三纲”的栽培技术总结.浙江农业科学,6：1 1-13.
203.何福泉,陈耀福.1982.草木樨稻底栽培利用试验初报.广东农业科学,10：17-20.
204.何国祥.1996.不同肥料结构对水稻产量和土壤肥力的影响.土壤肥料,6：16-18.
205.何铭伟.1982.双季稻不同冬作物对增产培肥的影响.广东农业科学,5：27-30.
206.贺维农主编,《农业常用数据资料》,农业出版社,1981.
207.何秀英,廖耀平,陈钊明,陈顺佳.1996.收获指数在水稻高产育种中的作用.种子,6：39-41.
208.胡官庆,马友华.1996.铜陵地区紫云英发展中问题及对策.安徽农学通报,2(4)：1 1-12.
209.胡立峰,李琳,陈阜等.2006.不同耕作制度对南方稻田甲烷排放的影响.生态环境,15(6)：1216-1219.
210.胡王仲.2007.重庆市有机肥料资源利用现状与发展思考.中国农技推广,23(7)：37-39.
211.华中农业科学院研究所土壤肥料系.1956.苕子、紫云英、黄花苜蓿品种栽培及利用研究(1951-1955).华中农业科学,3：153-163.
212.黄冈分院一连八排三班.1973.麦-稻-稻三熟栽培试验小结.华中农业大学学报,3：22-24.
213.黄继茂.1982.水稻高产施肥法的基本原理.广东农业科学,4：29-31.
214.黄庆裕.1998.紫云英亚青对水稻产量的影响.土壤肥料,2：29-31.
215.黄武龙,黄朝富,潘秀玲.2002.适宜绿肥压青量与化肥配施对水稻产量的影响.广西农学报,1：6-9.
216.黄岩县鼓屿公社十里铺大队.1978.杂交水稻获高产的栽培技术.今日科技,15：1-3.
217.黄岩县农业局.1960.路桥良种繁育场连作晚稻大面积丰产经验.浙江农业科学,2：7-8.
218.黄耀,Sass R L, Fisher F M.1999.水稻物质生产对稻田甲烷排放的影响.农业环境保护,18(4)：150-154.
219.黄耀,孙文娟.2006.近20年来中国大陆农田表土有机碳含量的变化趋势.科学通报,51(7)：750-763.
220.黄运湘,张杨珠,刘鹏,冯跃华,周清.2001.稻作制与有机肥及地下水位对水稻土硫素状况的影响Ⅰ.全硫和有效硫含量。湖南农业大学学报,27(3)：205-208.
221.侯春华.2005.黔东南地区绿肥生产现状及发展对策.黔东南民族师范高等专科学校学报,23(6)：68-70.
222.焦燕,黄耀,宗良纲,周权锁.2002.土壤理化特性对稻田CH4排放的影响.环境科学,23(5)：1-7
223.焦燕,黄耀,宗良纲.2005.有机肥施用、土壤有效铜和氮素对稻田甲烷排放的影响.农业环境科学学报,22(5)：565-569.
224.焦燕,黄耀,宗良纲,周权锁.2005.氮肥水平对不同土壤CH4排放的影响.环境科学,26(3)：21-24.
225.蒋静艳,黄耀,宗良纲.2003.水分管理与秸秆施用对稻田CH4和N20排放的影响.中国环境科学,23(5)：552-556.
226.江苏省农科院粮食作物研究所水稻栽培组.1979.陈永康“麦-稻-稻”三熟亩产三千斤试验研究总结.江苏农业科学,2：6-11.
227.兰州市红古区张家寺基点组.1976.麦稻两熟试验初报.甘肃农业科技,5：15-17.
228.赖涛,熊春贵,李茶苟.1991.不同施肥措施对红壤性水稻土有机无机复合体的影响.江西农业科技,2：30-32.
229.李宝烨,姚承祯,冯志高.1957.稻棉轮种对土壤肥力的影响.土壤学报,5(4)：322-330.
230.李长生.2000.土壤碳储量减少：中国农业之隐患-中美农业生态系统碳循环对比研究.第四纪研究,20(4)：345-350.
231.李长喜,杨松云.1983.信阳地区稻田绿肥紫云英生产调查.河南农林科技,4：14-16.
232.历城县农业局.1966.姬家庄大队水稻追施田菁增产效果.山东农业科学,1：62-63.
233.李冬初,李菊梅,徐明岗,秦道珠,申华平.2004.有机肥无机肥配施对红壤稻田氮素形态及水稻产量的影响.湖南农业科学,31(3)：23-25.
234.李光庆.1977.毛主席的光辉哲学思想指引我夺取“麦稻稻”三熟高产.中国农业科学,2：9-15.
235.李焕珍,韩宏儒,吴芝成,杨隽昌,葛鲁敏.1986.有机肥培肥水稻土效果的研究.土壤通报,6：252-258.
236.李晶,王明星,陈德章.1997.水稻田甲烷的减排方法研究.中国农业气象,18(6)：9-14.
237.李菊梅,徐明岗,秦道珠,李冬初,宝川靖和,八木一行.2005.有机肥无机肥配施对稻田氨挥发和水稻产量的影响.植物营养与肥料学报,11(1)：51-56.
238.李琳,胡立峰,陈阜等.2006.长期不同施肥类型对稻田甲烷和氧化亚氮排放速率的影响.农业环境科学学报,25(增刊)：707-710.
239.李实烨,王家玉,孔万根.1982.稻田土壤供氮性能的研究.土壤学报,19(1)：13-20.
240.黎天义.1995.增施有机肥及配方施肥对中低产水稻田地力的影响.广西农业科学,4：167-169.
241.李伟,戴亨林,陈智勇.1995.重庆市有机肥料结构及其在作物养分中的作用.西南农业大学学报,17(3)：249-252.
242.李宗铁,韩京龙,江耀宗.1991.连续施用有机肥对水稻生育和品质的影响.吉林农业科学,4：66-70.
243.梁运江,全炳武,刘剑峰,刘海峰.1999.有机肥与化肥配施对水稻产量的影响初探.吉林农业大学学报,21(3)：71-76.
244.梁运江,许广波,刘海峰,刘文利,苏艳敏.2001.延边地区水稻稳产高产施肥体系的探讨.土壤与环境,10(3)：214-219.
245.廖玉萍,何华.1992.稻麦轮作有机肥与化肥配施效果定位试验.湖北农业科学,8：19-21.
246.林景亮.1962.紫云英地下部不同深度和方式的翻压对水田土壤肥力的影响.土壤通报,2：50-59.
247.林匡飞,项雅玲,姜达炳.2000.湖北地区稻田甲烷排放量及控制措施的研究.农业环境保护,19(5)：267-270.
248.林世成,过益先,杨泉涌,韩志炜.1963.水稻不同群体结构的丰产特性的研究.作物学报,2：363-378.
249.林炎金,林增泉.1994.连续十年施用不同肥料对土壤养分积累的研究.福建省农科院学报,9(3)：31-35.
250.林增泉,翁文钰,蒋和,林炎金,刘振兴.1991.连续十年施肥对水稻土肥力的影响.福建省农科院学报,6(1)：35-44.
251.凌诚汉.1966.豫南稻区紫云英栽培利用的调查研究.土壤通报,2：15-17.
252.凌诚汉,朱卜兰.1988.豫南稻区麦茬绿肥栽培利用技术研究.信阳师范学院学报,1(4)： 391-397.
253.刘更另.1991.中国有机肥料.北京：农业出版社,pp143-148.
254.刘建栋,周秀骥,王建林.2001.稻田CH4排放的农业气象数值模拟研究.应用气象学报,12(4)：409-418.
255.刘建华.1965.天山大队水稻丰产经验.新疆农业科学,4：143-144.
256.刘建胜.2005.我国秸秆资源分布及利用现状的分析.中国农业大学硕士学位论文,21-24.
257.刘建松,黄武龙.2002.广西主要有机肥料资源及利用状况调查.广西农学报,5：40-42.
258.刘经荣,刘永厚,张德远,姚益云,郭成志.1985.高产稻田中有机-无机肥料配合施用的效应(初报).江西农业大学学报,1：37-41.
259.刘克让,蓝仁德.1960.汉中地区几项水稻栽培技术调查.陕西农业科学,4：162-166.
260.刘明,谭宏志,李华兴,陈桂兰.2001.有机肥和钾肥配合施用对水稻产量及土壤肥力的影响.土壤肥料,3：36-39.
261.刘寿春,周清湘,卢锦屏.1964.冬季绿肥对水稻的肥效试验.广西农业科学,1：9-18.
262.刘伟恩.1987.水稻有机肥与化肥配合施用试验简报.广西农业科学,4：26-27.
263.刘勋,赖庆旺.1980.不同绿肥对红壤性稻田土壤结构的影响.江西农业科技,2：11-13.
264.刘焱.1965.湖北京山县宋河区的水稻增产经验.中国农业科学,7：33-34.
265.刘运武.1983.湘南红壤高产稻田有机质状况及培肥增产途径.土壤通报,1：11-12.
266.龙泉县农科所.1975.稻麦三熟亩产二千斤的栽培技术.今日科技,23：3-6.
267.龙溪地区农业科学研究所.1979.两稻一麦三熟制水稻高产栽培技术总结.福建农业科技,2：14-19.
268.卢萍,杨林章,单玉华,韩勇.2007.绿肥和秸秆还田对稻田土壤供氮能力及产量的影响.土壤通报,38(1)：39-42.
269.卢绍煜.1983.黄壤性稻田油菜秆还田的改土增产效果.贵州农业科技,3：38-45.
270.卢婉芳,陈苇,郭望模,段彬伍.1997.气温及水肥管理方式对中稻田甲烷排放的影响.中国水稻科学,11(3)：170-174.
271.卢维盛,张建国,廖宗文.1997.广州地区晚稻稻田CH4和N2O的排放通量及其影响因素.应用生态学报,8(3)：275-278.
272.卢婉芳,陈苇,郭望模,段彬伍.1997.气温及水管理方式对中国稻田CH4排放的影响.中国水稻科学,11(3)：170-174.
273.陆宗杉,杨延龄,蒋志明.1985.杂交晚稻汕优6号不同施肥模式的初试.温州农业科技,2：18-21.
274.罗家馨,黄文礼.1957.双季连作早晚稻阶段施用氮肥试验报告.华中农业科学,3：164-166.
275.吕国庆.1966.紫云英、苕子肥效的研究.土壤通报,2：60-61.
276.吕雪娟,杨军,陈玉芬,杨崇.1998.广州地区早稻品种与施肥对稻田甲烷排放通量的影响研究.华南农业大学学报,19(4)：87-91.
277.马成泽.1990.不同施肥制度下农田土壤有机质平衡移动的趋势.安徽农学院学报,2：99-104.
278.马静,徐华,蔡祖聪.2008.焚烧麦秆对稻田CH4和N20的影响.中国环境科学,28(2)：117-110.
279.苗昌泽.1997.广西晚稻肥床旱育稀植栽培技术规程.农家之友,4：7-9.
280.苗果园,尹钧,张云亭,张爱良.1998.中国北方主要作物根系生长的研究.作物学报,24(1)：1-9.
281.莫淑勋,钱菊芳.1983.红壤地区紫云英中氮素的转化及其对水稻有效性的研究.土壤学报,20(1)：12-22.
282.潘贺玲,于奎武,李焕珍,杨伟奇,崔俊嫣.2000.有机无机肥配合施用对盐化草甸土的培肥效果.沈阳农业大学学报,31(2)：181-184.
283.彭嘉桂,林炎金,罗涛,蔡阿瑜.1993.施用有机肥对红壤性稻田土壤生态及肥力的影响.福建省农科院学报,8(3)：38-43.
284.彭科林,唐瑞宝,杨光立.1989.不同有机肥对红黄泥水稻土的培肥效果.湖南农业科学,2：26-29.
285.彭佩钦,吴金水,黄道友,汪汉林,唐国勇,黄伟生,朱奇宏.2006.洞庭湖区不同利用方式对土壤微生物生物量碳氮磷的影响.生态学报,26(7)：2261-2267.
286.彭世彰,李道西,徐俊增.2007.节水灌溉模式对稻田甲烷排放规律的影响.环境科学,28(1)：9-14.
287.彭星辉,李定华,谢晓阳.2007.黄泥田晚稻肥料效应的研究.湖南农业科学,4：115-117.
288.乔德良,宋春芳,丁纪友,宋安发,邹应斌.1992.水稻高产低耗配套栽培技术试验.作物研究,6：39-41.
289.秦道珠,邹长明,黄平娜,高菊生.2000.施用有机无机肥与稻田氮素释放及水稻群体生长的关系.湖南农业科学,2：23-25.
290.钦州农业局.1975.早稻套种田菁,促进晚稻高产.广西农业科学,9：39-41.
291.全国农业技术推广服务中心.《中国有机肥料资源》.中国农业出版社,1999.
292.饶鸣钿,郑履端,林柳姬.2003.氮、磷、钾有机肥对水稻产量和品质的影响.耕作与栽培,1：61-62.
293.任祖淦,陈玉水,唐福钦,王东海,张逸清.1996.有机无机肥料配施对土壤微生物和酶活性的影响.植物营养与肥料学报,2(3)：279-283.
294.荣湘民,袁正平,胡瑞芝,朱红梅,黄运湘,周清,张杨珠,肖永兰.2001.稻作制有机肥地下水位对稻田甲烷排放的影响.农业环境保护,20(6)：394-397.
295.邵吉安,叶建刚,陈永华,陈志芬,冯传生,马建华.1993.有机肥和化肥配施对水稻的增产作用.上海农业科技,3：17-18.
296.邵可声,李震.1996.水稻品种以及施肥措施对稻田甲烷排放的影响.北京大学学报(自然科学版),32(4)：505-513.
297.绍兴地区农科所.1973.稻麦三熟制高产试验.今日科技,16：4-7.
298.邵月红,潘剑君,孙波.2005.长期施用有机肥对瘠薄红壤有效碳库及碳库管理指数的影响.土壤通报,36(2)：177-180.
299.上官行健,王明星.1993a.稻田甲烷排放的控制措施.地球科学进展,8：55-62.
300.上官行健,王明星,陈德章,沈壬兴.1993b.稻田甲烷的传输.地球科学进展,8：13-22.
301.上官行健,王明星,Wassmann, R., Rennenberg, H.1993c.稻田土壤中CH4产生率的实验研究.大气科学,17(5)：603-610.
302.上官行健,王明星,陈德章,沈壬兴.1993d.稻田土壤中的甲烷产生.地球科学进展,8：1-12.
303.上官行健,王明星.1994.我国华中地区稻田甲烷排放特征.大气科学,18：358-365.
304.佘卓才,毛树青.1959.稻棉连作两熟丰产的经验.棉花,6：13-16.
305.沈润平,刘经荣,张德远,周卫.1991.水稻土有机-无机肥料配合施用的效应(之五).江西农业大学学报,13(3)：224-231.
306.沈壬兴,上官行健,王明星等.1995.广州地区稻田甲烷排放及中国稻田甲烷排放的空间变化.地球科学进展,10：387-391.
307.沈善敏.中国土壤肥力.北京：中国农业出版社,1998.
308.沈学年.1959.浙江省1958年连作晚稻丰产经验初步总结.浙江农学院学报,3：25-37.
309.水稻栽培,湖南农学院作物研究组,1974,湖南人民出版社.
310.宋伟和.1958.湖南醴陵企石农业社晚稻增产的经验.华中农业科学,4：237-239.
311.苏广达.作物学.广东高教出版社,2000,pp108-111.
312.孙庚寅.1982.淮北地区稻麦轮作条件下秸秆还田的效果.土壤肥料,6：13-15.
313.孙岩松.2008.我国东北水稻种植快速发展的原因分析和思考.中国稻米,5：9-11.
314.上海五四农场科研站.1976.后季稻秧田间种田菁.上海农业科学,12：10-10.
315.陶其骧,罗奇祥,范业成,李祖章,刘光荣,徐招莲.1993.双击杂交稻高产施肥技术研究.江西农业学报,5(1)：29-35.
316.陶其骧,范业成.1982.有机绿肥-无机肥配比对早稻氮素肥效的影响及分析.江西农业科技,1：13-15.
317.陶战,田淑贤,周义.1993.沼渣对稻田甲烷排放量的影响.中国沼气,11(4)：11-15.
318.陶战,杜道灯,周毅.1995.不同农作措施对稻田甲烷排放通量的影响.农业环境保护,14(3)：101-104.
319.田秀英,石孝均.2003.不同施肥对稻麦养分吸收利用的影响.重庆师范学院学报,20(2)：44-47.
320.王宝洪,李桂山,蒙定球.1997.深耕和增施有机肥对土壤肥力及水稻产量的影响.土壤肥料,6：32-34.
321.王德.1965.宁夏水稻高产栽培试验报告.作物学报,4：381-389.
322.王鹤桥.1988.绿肥对黑土土壤有机质的影响及其相关因素.土壤肥料,1：28-31.
323.王华,黄宇,黄璜,张芬.2005.中亚热带土壤地区稻-稻-草轮作系统稻田土壤质量评价.生态学报,25(12)：3271-3281.
324.王宜明,范家友,高红武,梁红,苏锡南,何咏梅.2001.秸秆综合利用探析.昆明冶金高等专科学校学报,17(4)：15-18.
325.王俊明.2007.施用紫云英对水稻产量的影响.农技服务,24(4)：39.
326.王家玉.1987.多熟制条件下稻田土壤肥力演变及其管理.中国农业科学,20(3)：73-80.
327.王良泉,蓝士珍,曹静明,白光俊,吴国淃.1965.崔竹松水稻高产技术经验的初步研究Ⅰ.崔竹松水稻高产技术经验.作物学报,4：1-9.
328.王明星等.1987.稻田和沼气池CH；排放通量的测量.科学通报,21：1646-1649.
329.王明星,戴爱国,黄俊.1991.中国CH4排放量的估算.大气科学,1：52-64.
330.王明星,上官行健,沈壬兴.1995.华中稻田甲烷排放的施肥效应及施肥策略.中国农业气象,16(2)：1-5.
331.王明星,李晶,郑循华.1998.稻田甲烷排放及产生、转化、输送机理.大气科学,4：600-612.
332.王明星.2001.中国稻田甲烷排放.科学出版社,北京.
333.王秋华.1994.我国农村作物秸秆资源化调查研究.农村生态环境,10(4)：67-71.
334.王荣培.1965.试种双季混作稻的几点经验.安徽农业科学,3：17-19.
335.王绍明.2000.不同施肥方式下紫色水稻土土壤肥力变化规律研究.农村生态环境,16(3)：23-26.
336.王胜佳,陈义,吴春艳,王家玉,李实烨.2004.施用不同肥料对稻田作物产量与土壤肥力的长期影响.浙江农业学报,16(6)：372-376.
337.王亚平,黄耀,张稳.2008.中国东北三省1960-2005年地表干燥度变化趋势.地球科学进展,23(6)：619-627.
338.王垣.1965.古城大队378亩公交插秧稻亩产1092.96斤的丰产经验.宁夏农林科技,4：5-12.
339.王媛,方修琦,徐锬,等.2005.气候变暖与东北地区水稻种植的适应行为.资源科学,1：121-127.
340.王元贞,潘廷国,柯玉琴.1994.有机无机氮肥配合施用对土壤和水稻的影响.土壤,1：48-50.
341.王允青,张祥明,刘英.2004.施用紫云英对水稻产量和土壤养分的影响.安徽农业科学,32 (4)：699-700.
342.王增远,徐雨昌,李震.1999.水稻品种对稻田甲烷排放的影响.作物学报,25(4)：441-446.
343.王振忠,董百舒,吴敬民.2002.太湖稻麦地区秸秆直接还田的增产及培肥效果研究.耕作与栽培,3：47-49.
344.翁伟,杨继涛,赵青玲,张百良.2004.我国秸秆资源化技术现状及其发展方向.中国资源综合利用,7：18-21.
345.魏成熙,赵品仁,牛爱珍,田红,张军.1997.施用秸秆和绿肥对有机质及养分变化的影响.土壤肥料,5：51-53.
346.魏际新,甄启芳,贺湘逸,叶川.1997.提高有机肥绿肥施用水平促进江西农业持续发展.江西农业大学学报,19(4)：99-104.
347.乌力吉.1997.内蒙古自治区农作物秸秆资源及其利用潜力的研究.内蒙古畜牧科学,4：24-26.
348.邬伦,刘瑜.2001.地理信息系统—原理、方法和应用.北京,科学出版社.
349.伍芬琳,张海林,李琳等.2008.保护性耕作下双季稻农田甲烷排放特征及温室效应.中国农业科学,41(9)：2703-2709.
350.吴萍,胡南河,叶爱青,朱金明,胡慧,唐瑜.2006.种植紫云英的效益及其对土壤肥力的影响.安徽农业科学,34(11)：2466-2468.
351.吴树栋.2005.我国农作物秸秆综合利用现状.人造板通讯,8：1-4.
352.奚振邦.1985.简论水稻施肥的模式与相应的施肥技术.土壤通报,1：27-30.
353.肖恕贤.1981.双季稻田冬季不同轮作方式对提高土壤肥力及增产效果研究.土壤通报,2：10-13.
354.肖永兰,袁正平,蒋健容,张杨珠.1991.不同稻作制、地下水位和绿肥量对土壤有效磷的影响.湖南农学院学报,Z17：250-253.
355.谢凤根,尹道明.1984.从典型调查看浙江稻区近20年有机肥的施用情况.浙江农业科学,4：193-195.
356.谢小立,王卫东,上官行健,王明星.1995.施肥对稻田甲烷排放的影响.农村生态环境学报,11(1)：10-14.
357.徐存才.1997.水稻栽后施绿肥对其生长发育及土壤肥力的影响.生态农业研究,5(2)：65-67.
358.徐华,蔡祖聪,李小平.1999.土壤Eh和温度对稻田甲烷排放季节变化的影响.农业环境保护,18(4)：145-149.
359.徐华,蔡祖聪,李小平.2000.烤田对种稻土壤甲烷排放的影响.土壤学报,37(1)：69-76.
360.许绣云,姚贤良,刘克樱,黄德凯.1996.长期施用有机物料对红壤性水稻土的物理性质的影响.土壤,2：57-61.
361.徐阳春,沈其荣,雷宝坤,储国良,王全洪.2000.水旱轮作下长期免耕和施用有机肥对某些肥力性状的影响.应用生态学报,11(4)：549-552.
362.徐阳春,沈其荣,茆泽圣.2003.长期施用有机肥对土壤及不同粒级中有机磷含量与分配的影响.土壤学报,40(4)：593-598.
363.闫敏华,华润葵,王德宣.2000.长春地区稻田甲烷排放量的估算研究.地理科学,20(4)：782-786.
364.杨邦俊,杨德海,程明静,李家勇,杨虎.1990.有机无机肥配合施用对提高地力和节肥增产的效应研究.土壤通报,4：173-175.
365.杨昌达.1984.云南大理、宾川水稻高产经验.耕作与栽培,6：26-31.
366.杨长明,杨林章.2003.有机-无机肥配施对水稻剑叶光合特性的影响.生态学杂志,22(1)：1-4.
367.杨光明,武文明,沙丽清.2007.西双版纳地区稻田甲烷的排放通量.山地学报,25(4)：461-468.
368.杨军,陈玉芬,胡飞.1996.广州地区晚季稻田甲烷排放通量与施肥影响研究.华南农业大学学报,17(2)：17-22.
369.杨立炯,汤玉庚.1964.陈永康水稻高产经验的总结、提高、示范、推广.中国农业科学,5：1-8.
370.扬州地区农业科学研究所.1977.麦稻稻三熟制亩产三千斤试验初步总结.江苏农业科学,1：10-16.
371.叶永秦,乐开富,胡启灿.1993.绿肥对土壤有机质的影响.土壤,3：155-156.
372.宜春科委办公室.1975.一九七四年宜春地区试种田菁总结.江西农业科技,z1：23-27.
373.易风银,彭科林.1991.富钾绿肥对水稻的增产效应研究.湖南农业科学,5：28-30.
374.营口县旗口乡农业技术推广站.1985.水稻施肥试验总结.北方水稻,1：25-28.
375.银英梅,银友善,孙景芝,李翠华,秦刚.1998.土壤供肥能力与施肥对水稻产量的影响.辽宁农业科学,3：9-11.
376.玉林地区、玉林县革委会农业局联合调查组.1975.套种田菁对水稻增产作用的调查.广西农业科学,9：35-38.
377.玉林县小平山公社推广站.1976.卖酒大队一年三稻的栽培经验.广西农业科学,5：12-14.
378.张爱君,张明普.2002.黄潮土长期轮作施肥土壤有机质消长规律的研究.安徽农业大学学报,29(1)：60-63.
379.张伯泉,孙效文,关连珠.1987.施肥对土壤有机质和几种主要肥力性质的影响.土壤通报,4：156-160.
380.张本元.2001.有机无机肥配施对小麦、水稻产量的影响.安徽农学通报,7(6)：53-54.
381.张福春,王德辉,丘宝剑.1987.《中国农业气候图集》,北京：科学出版社.
382.张福春,朱志辉.1990.中国作物的收获指数.中国农业科学,23(2)：83-87.
383.张剑波,邵可声,李智,唐孝炎.1994.北京地区春季稻稻田甲烷排放的研究.环境科学,15(5)：23-26。
384.张静珠.1999.南汇地区单季晚稻肥料施用调查.上海农业科技,4：14-15.
385.张培栋,杨艳丽,李光全,李新荣.2007.中国农作物秸秆能源化潜力估算.可再生能源,25(6)：80-83.
386.张稳,黄耀,郑循华等.2004.稻田甲烷排放的模型研究-模型及其修正.生态学报,24(11)：2347-2352.
387.张稳.2004.基于模型和GIS技术的中国稻田甲烷排放估计.博士论文,南京农业大学.
388.张英,褚秋华,邱多生,徐小波,徐向东.2001.11年连续肥料处理对水稻土碳、氮及微生物量的影响.南京农业大学学报,24(4)：112-114.
389.张玉革,王力,姜勇.1999.施肥对水稻生物学性状和土壤氮素平衡的影响.沈阳农业大学学报,30(2)：115-117.
390.赵兴荣,张海泉,顾祖良,王林兴.1998.水稻肥床旱育秧技术在苏南地区的应用探讨.上海农业科技,2：17-19.
391.浙江富阳县农业科学研究所.1977.稻、麦三熟高产试验总结.土壤肥料,4：8-10.
392.浙江省1961年粮食作物增产技术总结会议资料-浙江省水稻耕作施肥经验总结.浙江农业科学,4：155-158.
393.浙江十里丰农场农科所.1979.有机肥料在红壤性水稻土上的增产效果和提高土壤肥力的作用.浙江农业科学,4：10-13.
394.郑德明,姜益娟,朱朝阳,吕双庆,伍维模.2003.新疆主要有机肥料资源及其利用.塔里木农垦大学学报,15(4)：7-11.
395.国家统计局农村社会经济调查总队.2000.新中国五十年农业统计资料.北京,中国统计出版社.
396.中国农科院土壤肥料研究组.1994.中国肥料,上海,上海科技出版社.
397.中国农业科学院主编,《中国稻作学》.中国农业出版社,1986.
398.中国水稻研究所.1988.中国水稻种植区划.杭州,浙江科学技术出版社.
399.国家统计局农村社会经济调查总队.2000.新中国五十年农业统计资料.北京,中国统计出版社.
400.钟华平,岳燕珍,樊江文.2003.中国作物秸秆资源及其利用.资源科学,25(4)：62-67.
401.钟思维.1987.有机与无机肥配施对水稻产量及地力的影响.广东农业科学,4：25-27.
402.周伯瑜.1964.水稻追施尿素、硝酸铵、硫酸铵效果试验.新疆农业科学,6：2-6.
403.周广麒,李艳辉,邓奇,王振营,李代.2002.平衡施肥对稻田产量和土壤养分的影响.大连轻工业学院学报,21(3)：176-179.
404.周清,荣湘民,黄运湘.2000.红壤性水稻土甲烷排放规律研究Ⅰ.不同稻作制模拟小区甲烷排放规律.湖南农业大学学报,26(1)：72-75.
405.周卫,刘经荣,张德远.1990.水稻土有机-无机肥料配合施用的效应(之四).江西农业大学学报,2：24-31.
406.周远驰.1981.从早稻早发谈红花草子的利用.湖北农业科学,4：21-22.
407.周再兴,郑循华,王明星.2007.华东稻麦轮作农田CH4、N2O和NO排放特征.气候与环境研究,12(6)：751-760.
408.朱光琪.1959.农家肥料肥效的研究(一)农家肥料对水稻的肥效.土壤学报,3：180-189.
409.朱红霞,姚贤良.1993.有机物料在稻作制中的物理作用.土壤学报,30(2)：137-145.
410.朱健康,王冬明,卢雪忠,叶建红,王文标,陈金龙.2002.直播稻肥料运筹技术研究.上海农业科技,4：24-25.
411.朱小明,吴建明.2006.杂交晚粳稻肥料施用技术探讨.现代农业科技,12：109-110.
412.邹建文,黄耀,宗良纲.2003.不同种类有机肥施用对稻田CH4和N20排放的综合影响.环境科学,24(4)：7-12.
2. Adhya, T.K., Bharati, K., Mohanty S.R.2000. Methane emission from rice fields at Cuttack, India. Nutrient Cycling in Agroecosystems,58:95-105.
3. Anastasi, C., Dowding, M., Simpson, V. J.1992. Future CH4 emission from rice production. Journal of Geophysical. Research,97:7521-7525.
4. Aselmann, I., Crutzen, P. J.1989. Global distribution of natural freshwater wetland and rice paddies: Their net primary productivity, seasonality and possible methane emissions. Journal of Atmospheric Chemistry,8:307-358.
5. Aulakh, M.S., Bodenhender, J., Wassmann, R.2000a. Methane transport capacity of rice plants:I. Influence of methane concentration and growth stage analyzed with an automated measuring system.. Nutrient Cycling in Agroecosystems,58:357-366.
6. Aulakh, M. S., Bodenbender, J., Wassmann, R.2000b. Methane transport capacity of rice plants:Ⅱ. Variations among different rice cultivars and relationship with morphological characteristics. Nutrient Cycling in Agroecosystems,58:367-375.
7. Aulakh, M.S., Wassmann, R., Bueno, C.2001a. Impact of root exudates of different cultivars and plant development stages of rice (Oryza sativa L.) on methane production in a paddy soil. Plant and soil,230:77-86.
8. Aulakh, M.S., Wassmann, R., Bueno, C., Kreuzwieser, J., Rennenberg, H.2001b. Characterization of root exudates at different growth stages of ten rice(Oryza sativa L.) cultivars. Plant Biology,3: 139-148.
9. Aulakh, M.S., Wassmann, R., Rennenberg, H.2002. Methane transport capacity of twenty-two rice cultivars from five major Asian rice-growing countries. Agriculture Ecosystems and Environment, 91:59-71.
10. Bachelet, D., Neue, H.U.1993. Methane emissions from wetland rice areas of Asia. Chemosphere, 26:219-237
11. Bachelet, D., Kern, J., Tolg, M.1995. Balancing the rice carbon budget in China using a spatially～distributed data. Ecological Modelling,79:167-177.
12. Bodegom, P. M., Wassmann, R., Corton, T. M.2001. A process-based model for methane emission predictions from flooded rice paddies. Global Biogeochemical,Cycles,15:247-263
13. Bodelier, P.L.E., Rolev, P., Henchel. T.2000a. Stimulation by ammonium-based fertilizers of methane oxidation in soil around rice roots. Nature,403:421-424.
14. Bodelier, P.L.E., Han, A.P., Arth, I.R.2000b. Effects of ammonium-based fertilization on microbial processes involved in methane emission from soils planted with rice. Biogeochemistry,51: 225-257.
15. Bodelier, P.L.E., Laanbroek, J.H.2004. Nitrogen as a regulatory factor of methane oxidation in soils and sediments. FEMS Microbiology Ecology,47:265-277
16. Bouwman, A. F.1990. Exchange of greenhouse gases between terrestrial ecosystems and the atmosphere. In:Bouwman, A. F. (ed.) Soils and Greenhouse Effect, pages 61-127, Chichester, Wiley and Sons, New York, USA.
17. Bouwman, A.F.1991. Agronomic aspects of wetland rice cultivation and associated methane emissions. Biogeochemistry,15:65-88.
18. Butterbach, B.K., Papen, H., Rennenberg, H.1997. Impact of gas transport through rice cultivars on methane emissions from rice paddy fields. Plant, cell and environment,20:1175-1183.
19. Cai, Z. C., Xing, G., Yan, X..1997. Methane and nitrous oxide emissions from rice paddy fields as affected by nitrogen fertilisers and water management. Plant and Soil,196:7-14.
20. Cai, Z.C.1997.A category for estimate of CH4 emission from rice fields in China. Nutrient Cycling in Agroecosystems,49:171-179.
21. Cai, Z.C.1999. Measurements of CH4 and N2O emission from rice fields in Fengqiu, China. Soil Science and. Plant Nutrition,1:1-13.
22. Cai, Z. C., Mosier, A.2000. Effect of NH4Cl addition on methane oxidation by paddy soils. Soil Biology and Biochemistry,32:1537-1545.
23. Cai, Z. C., Tsuruta, H., Rong, X. M.2001. CH4 emissions from rice paddies managed according to farmer's practice in Hunan, China. Biogeochemistry,56:75-91.
24. Cai, Z. C., Tsuruta, H., Gao, M.2003. Options for mitigating methane emission from a permanently flooded rice field. Global Change Biology,9:37-45.
25. Cai, Z. C., Shan, Y., Xu, H.2007. MINI-REVIEW:Effects of nitrogen fertilization on CH4 emission from rice fields. Soil Science and Plant Nutrition,53:353-361.
26. Cao, M.K., Dent, J.B., Heal, O.W.1995. Modeling methane emissions from rice paddies. Global Biogeochemical. Cycles,9:183-195.
27. Cao, M.K., Gregson, S.J., Marshall, Dent, J. B., Heal, O.W.1996. Global methane from rice paddies. Chemosphere,33:879-897.
28. Cao, M.K., Gregson, S.J., Marshall.1998. Global methane emission from wetlands and its sensitivity to climate change. Atmospheric environment,32:3293-3299.
29. Cicerone, R. J., Shetter, J. D.1981. Sources of atmospheric methane:Measurements in rice paddies and a discussion. Journal of Geophysical Research,86:7203-7209.
30. Cicerone, R. J., Oremland, R. S.1988. Biogeochemical aspects of atmospheric methane. Global Biochemical Cycles,2:299-327.
31. Cicerone, R.J., Delwiche, C. C.1992. Methane emission from California rice paddy with varied treatments. Global Biogeochemical Cycles,6:233-248.
32. Conrad, R., Schink, B., Phelps, T. J.1986. Thermodynamics of H2-consuming and H2-producing metabolic reactions in diverse methanogenic environments under in situ conditions. FEMS Microbiology Letters,38:353-360.
33. Conrad, R., Rothfuss, F.1991. Methane oxidation in the soil surface layer of a flooded rice field and the effect of ammonium. Biology and Fertility of Soils,12:28-32.
34. Corton, T.M., Bajita, F.S., Grospe, R.R.2000. Methane emission from irrigated and intensively managed rice fields in Central Luzon (Philippines). Nutrient Cycling in Agroecosystems,58:37-53.
35. Dannenberg, S., Conrad, R.1999. Effect of rice plants on methane production and rhizospheric metabolism in paddy soil. Biogeochemistry,45:53-71.
36. Denman, K.L., Brasseur, G., Chidthaisong, A., et al. Couplings Between Changes in the Climate System and Biogeochemistry. In:Climate Change 2007:The Physical Science Basis. Contribution of Working Group I to the Fourth Assessment Report of the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change [Solomon S, Qin D, Manning M, et al. (eds.)]. Cambridge University Press, Cambridge, United Kingdom and New York, NY, USA,2007.
37. Denier, van der Gon H A C, Neue, H. U.1995. Influence of organic matter incorporation on methane emission from a wetland rice field. Global Biogeochemical Cycles,9:11-22.
38. Denier, van der Gon H A C, Kropff, M.J., Breemen, N. Van.2002. Optimizing grain yields reduces CH4 emissions from rice paddy fields. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences,99(19): 12021-12024.
39. Devol, A. H., Richey, J. E., Clark, W. A.1988. Methane Emissions to the Troposphere From the Amazon Floodplain. Journal of Geophysical Research,93 (D2):1583-1592.
40. Ding, A. J., Wang, M. X.1996. Model for methane emissions from rice fields and its application in Southern China. Advances in Atmospheric Sciences,2:159-168.
41. Dlugokencky, E. J., Masarie, K. A., Lang, P. M.1998. Continuing decline in the growth rate of the atmospheric methane burden. Nature,393:447-450.
42. Dorr, H., Katruff, L., and Levin, I.1993. Soil texture parameterisation of the CH4 uptake in aerated soils. Chemosphere,26:697-713.
43. FAOSTAT.2006. FAOSTAT Agricultural Data. Available at:http://faostat.fao.org.
44. Frenzel, P., Rothfuss, F., Conrad, R.1992. Oxygen profiles and methane turnover in a flooded rice microcosm. Biology and Fertility of Soils,14:84-89.
45. Frolking, S., Qiu, J. J., Boles, S.2002. Combining remote sensing and ground census data to develop new maps of the distribution of rice agriculture in China. Global Biogeochemical Cycles, 16(4):1091,doi:10.1029/2001GB001425.
46. Heng, Y., Zhuang, Y. H.1996. Estimation of methane emission from rice paddies in mainland China. Global biogeochemical Cycles,10(4):641-649.
47. Holzapfel-Pschorn, A., Conrad, R., Seiler, W.1985. Production, oxidation and emission of methane in rice paddies. FEMS Microbiology Letters,31(6):343-351.
48. Holzapfel-Pschorn, A., Seiler, W.1986. Methane emission during a cultivation period from an Italian rice paddy. Journal of Geophysica. Research,91:11803-11814.
49. Holzapfel-Pschorn, A., Conrad, R., Seiler, W.1986b. Effects of vegetation on the emission of methane from submerged soil. Plant and Soil,92:223-233
50. Houghton, J.T., Ding, Y., Griggs, D.J., Noguer, M., Linden, van der P.J., Dai, X., Maskell, K., Johnson, C. A (eds),2001. Climate Change 2001:The Scientific Basis Contribution of Working Group I to the Third Assessment Report of the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change Cambridge University Press, Cambridge.
51. Huang, Y., Sass, R., Fisher, F.1997a. Methane emission from Texas rice paddy soils.1. Quantitative multi-year dependence of CH4 emission on soil, cultivar and grain yield. Global Change Biology,3:479-489.
52. Huang, Y., Sass, R.L., Fisher, F.M.1997b. Methane emission from Texas rice paddy soils.2. Seasonal contribution of rice biomass production to CH4 emission. Global Change Biology,3: 491-500.
53. Huang, Y., Sass, R. L., Fisher, F. M.1998a. A semi-empirical model of methane emission from flooded rice paddy soils. Global Change Biology,4:247-268.
54. Huang, Y., Sass, R.L., Fisher, F.M.1998b. Model estimates of methane emission from irrigated rice cultivation of China. Global Change Biology,4:809-821.
55. Huang, Y., Jiang, J.Y., Zong, L.G.2001. Comparison of Field Measurements of CH4 Emission from Rice Cultivation in Nanjing, China and in Texas, USA. Advances in Atmospheric Sciences,18 (6):1121-1130.
56. Huang, Y., Jiao, Y., Zong, L.2002. Quantitative dependence of methane emission on soil properties. Nutrient Cycling in Agroecosystems,64:157-167.
57. Huang, Y., Zhang, W., Zheng, X.2004. Modeling methane emission from rice paddies with various agricultural practices. Journal of Geophysical Research,109, D08113, doi:101029/2003 JD004401.
58. Huang, Y., Zhang, W., Zheng, X.2006. Estimates of methane emissions from Chinese rice paddies by linking a model to GIS database. Acta Ecologica Sinica,26 (4):980-988.
59. Huang, Y., Zhang, W., Sun, W. J.2007. Net primary production of Chinese croplands from 1950 to 1999. Ecological Applications,17(3):692-701.
60. Hugo Denier van der Gon.1999a. Changes in CH4 emissions from rice fields from 1960 to 1990s 1. Impacts of modern rice technology. Global Biogeochemical Cycles,14(1):61-72.
61. Hugo Denier van der Gon.1999b. Changes in CH4 emissions from rice fields from 1960 to 1990s 2. The declining use of organic inputs in rice farming. Global Biogeochemical Cycles,13(4): 1053-1062.
62. Inubushi, K., Cheng, W., Aonuma, S.2003. Effects of free-air CO2 enrichment (FACE) on CH4 emission from a rice paddy field. Global Change Biology,9(10):1458-1464.
63. IPCC.2006 IPCC Guidelines for National Greenhouse Gas Inventories, Prepared by the National Greenhouse Gas Inventories Programme, Eggleston H.S., Buendia L., Miwa K., Ngara T. and Tanabe K. (eds). Published:IGES, Japan.
64. IPCC. Climate Change 2007:The Physical Science Basis. Contribution of Working Group I to the Fourth Assessment Report of the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change [Solomon, S., D. Qin, M. Manning, Z. Chen, M. Marquis, K.B. Averyt, M.Tignor and H.L. Miller (eds.)]. Cambridge University Press, Cambridge, United Kingdom and New York, NY, USA,2007
65. International Rice Research Institute (IRRI). IRRI World Rice Statistics (http://www.irri.org/) (DB/OL).
66. Jia, Z. J., Cai, Z.C., Xu, H.2002. Effects of rice cultivars on methane fluxes in a paddy soil. Nutrient Cycling in Agroecosystems,64:87-94.
67. Jia, Z. J., Cai, Z.C., Tsuruta, H.2006. Effect of rice cultivar on CH4 production potential of rice soil and CH4 emission in a pot experiment. Soil Science and Plant Nutrition,52:341-348.
68. Jiao, Y, Huang, Y, Zong, L.G., Zheng, X.H., Sass, R.L.2005. Effects of copper concentration on methane emission in rice soils. Chemosphere,58(2):185-193.
69. Kaushik, D., Baruah, K.K.2008. Methane emission associated with anatomical and morphophysiological characteristics of rice (Oryza sativa) plant. Physiologia Plantarum,134: 303-312.
70. Kern, J. S., Bachelet, D., Tolg, M.1995. Organic matter inputs and methane emission from soils in major rice growing regions of China, in Soils and Global Change, edited by R. Lal 等 pp.189-198, Lewis Publishers, Boca Raton, Fla.
71. Kern, J.S., Gong, Z.T., Zhang, G.L., Zhuo, H.Z., Luo, G.B.1997. Spatial analysis of methane emissions from paddy soils in China and the potential for emissions reduction. Nutrient Cycling in Agroecosystems,49:181-195.
72. Khalil, M., Rasmussen, R.A., Wang, M.X.., Ren, L.X..1991. Methane emission from rice fields in China. Environment Science Technology,25:979-981.
73. Khalil, M.A.K., Rasmussen, R.A., Shearer, M.J., Dalluge, R.W., Ren, L.X., Duan, C.L.1998a. Factors affecting methane emissions from rice fields. Journal of Geophysical Research,103: 25219-25231.
74. Khalil, M.A.K., Rasmussen, R.A., Shearer, M.J., Dalluge, R.W., Ren, L.X., Duan, C. L.1998b. Measurements of methane emissions from rice fields in China. Journal of Geophysical Research, 103(D19):25181-25210.
75. Kludze, H.K., DeLaune, R.D., Patrick, W.H.1993. Aerenchyma formation and methane and oxygen exchange in rice. Soil Science Society of America Journal,57:386-391.
76. Knowles, R.1993. Methane:processes of production and consumption. ASA special publication (USA),55:145-156.
77. Knox, J. W., Matthews, R. B., Wassmann, R.2000. Using a crop/soil simulation model and GIS techniques to assess methane emissions from rice fields in Asia Ⅲ. Databases. Nutrient Cycling in Agroecosystems,58(1-3):179-199.
78. Kruger, M., Frenzel, P.2003. Effects of N-fertilisation on CH4 oxidation and production, and consequences for CH4 emissions from microcosms and rice fields. Global Change Biology,9: 773-784.
79. Li, C., Frolking, S., Harriss, R. C.1994. Modeling carbon biogeochemistry in agricultural soils. Global Biogeochemical Cycles,8:237-254.
80. Li, C.2000. Modeling trace gas emission from agricultural ecosystems. Nutrient Cycling in Agroecosystems,103:181-210.
81. Li, C., Qiu, J., Frolking, S.2002. Reduced methane emissions from large-scale changes in water management of China's rice paddies during 1980-2000. Geophysical Research Letters,29(20): 1972, doi:10.1029/2002GL015370.
82. Li, C., Mosier, A., Wassmann, R.2004a. Modeling greenhouse gas emissions from rice-based production systems:Sensitivity and upscaling. Global Biogeochemical Cycles,18:GB1043, doi:101029/2003GB002045.
83. Li, J., Wang, M.X., Huang, Y., Wang, Y.S.2002. New estimates of methane emissions from Chinese rice paddies. Nutrient Cycling in Agroecosystems,64:33-42.
84. Li, Y., Lin, E. D., Rao, M. J.1997. The effect of agricultural practices on methane and nitrous oxide emissions from rice field and pot experiments. Nutrient Cycling in Agroecosystems,49:47-50.
85. Lindau, C.W., Bollich, P.K., DeLaune, R.D.1991. Effect of urea fertilizer and environmental factors on methane emissions from a Louisiana, USA rice field. Plant and Soil,136:195-203.
86. Lindau, C.W., Bollich, P.K., DeLaune, R.D.1995. Effect of rice variety on methane emission from Louisiana rice. Agriculture Ecosystems and Environment,54:109-114.
87. Ma, J., Xu, H., Yagi, K., Cai, Z.2008. Methane emission from paddy soils as affected by wheat straw returning mode. Plant and Soil,313:167-174.
88. MacDonald, J.A., Eggleton, P., et al.1998. Methane emission by termites and oxidation by soils, across a forest disturbance gradient in the Mbalmayo Forest Reserve, Cameroon. Global Change Biology,4:409-418.
89. Matthews, E., Fung, I., lerner, J.1991.Methane emission from rice cultivation:geographic and seasonal distribution of cultivated areas and emissions. Global Biogeochemical Cycles,5(1):3-24.
90. Matthews, R.B., Wassmann, R., Arah, J.2000a. Using a crop/soil simulation model and GIS techniques to assess methane emission from rice fields in Asia. I. Model development. Nutrient Cycling in Agroecosystems,58:141-159.
91. Matthews, R. B., Wassmann, R., Knox, J. W.2000b.Using a crop/soil simulation model and GIS techniques to assess methane emissions from rice fields in Asia. IV. Upscaling to national levels. Nutrient Cycling in Agroecosystems,58(1-3):201-217.
92. Minamikawa, K., Sakai, N., Hayashi, H.2005. The effect of ammonium sulfate application on methane emission and soil carbon content of a paddy field in Japan. Agriculture Ecosystems & Environment,107:371-379.
93. Minamikawa, K., Sakai, M.2005. The effect of water management based on soil redox potential on methane emission from two kinds of paddy soils in Japan. Agriculture Ecosystems & Environment, 107:397-407.
94. Mitra, S., Wassmann, R., Jain, M.C., Pathak, H.2002. Properties of rice soils affecting methane production potentials:1. Temporal patterns and diagnostic procedures. Nutrient Cycling in Agroecosystems,64:169-182.
95. Naser, H.M., Nagata, O., Tamura, S.2007. Methane emissions from five paddy fields with different amounts of rice straw application in central Hokkaido, Japan. Soil science and plant nutrition,53: 95-101.
96. Neue, H.U., Becker-Heidmann, P., Scharpenseel, H. W.1990. Organic matter dynamics, soil properties and cultural practices in rice lands and their relationship to methane production. In:A. F. Bouwman (ed.), Soils and the Greenhouse Effect. John Wiley & Sons, New York, pp:457-466.
97. Neue, H.U., Lantin, R.L., Wassmann, R.1994. Methane emission from rice soils of the Philippines.In:CH4 and N2O-global emissions and controls from rice fields and other agricultural and industrial sources (Minami K, Mosier AR, Sass RL (eds.).NIAES Series 2, Tokyo, Japan. pp: 55-77.
98. Neue, H. U., Wassmann, R., Lantin, R. S., et al.1996. Factors affecting methane emission from rice fields. Atmospheric Environment,30:1751-1754.
99. Nouchi, I., Mariko, S., Aoki, K.1990. Mechanism of methane transport from the rhizospher to the atmosphere through rice plants. Plant Physiology,94:59-66.
100. Nouchi, I., Hosono, T., Aoki, K., Minami, K.1994. Seasonal-variation in methane flux from rice paddies associated with methane concentration in soil-water, rice biomass and temperature, and its modeling. Plant and Soil,161:195-208.
101. Nugroho, S., Lumbanraja, J., Suprapto, H.1994. Methane emission from an Indonesian paddy field subjected to several fertilizer treatments. Soil Science and Plant Nutrition,40(2):275-281.
102. Orapin, K.2005. Methane emission in four rice varieties as related to sugars and organic acids of roots and root exudates and biomass yield. Agriculture Ecosystems & Environment,108:155-163.
103. Papen, H., Rennenberg, H.1990. Microbial processes involved in emissions of radiatively important trace gases In:Transactions 14th International congress of soil Science, Tokyo. Pp.232-237.
104. Parashar, D.C., Gupta, P.K., Rai, J.1993. Effect of soils temperature on methane emission from paddy fields. Chemosphere,26:247-250.
105. Sass, R.L., Fisher, F.M., Harcombe, P.A.1990. Methane production and emission in a Texas rice field. Global Biogeochemical Cycles,4:47-68.
106. Sass, R.L., Fisher, F.M., Turner, F.T.1991. Methane emission from rice fields as influenced by solar radiation, temperature, and straw incorporation. Global Biogeochemical Cycles,5:335-350.
107. Sass, R.L., Fisher, F.M., Wang, Y. B.1992. Methane emission from rice fields:the effect of floodwater management. Global Biogeochemical Cycles,3:249-262.
108. Sass, R. L., Fisher, F.M., Lewis, S.T.1994. Methane emission from rice fields:effect of soil properties. Global Biogeochemical Cycles,8:135-140.
109. Sass, R. L., Fisher, F. M., Ding, A.1999. Exchange of methane from rice fields:National, regional, and global budgets. Journal of Geophysical Research,104(D21):26943-26952.
110. Sass, R.l., Andrews, J. A., Ding, A. J.2002. Spatial and temporal vaiability in methane emissions from rice paddies:Implications for assessing regional methane budgets. Nutrient Cycling in Agroecosystems,64:3-7.
111. Schimel, J. P., Gulledge, J.1998. Microbial community structure and global traces gases. Global Change Biology,4:745-758.
112. Schimel, J.2000. Global change:Rice, microbes and methane. Nature,403:375-377.
113. Schutz, H., Seiler, W., Conrad, R.1989a. Processes involved in formation and emission of methane in rice paddies. Biogeochemistry,7:33-53.
114. Schutz, H., Holzapfel-Pschorn, A., Conrad, R.1989b. A 3-year continuous record on the influence of daytime, season, and fertilizer treatment on methane emission rates from an Italian rice paddy. Journal of Geophysical Research,94:16405-16416.
115. Schutz, H., Seiler, W., Conrad, R.1990. Influence of soil temperature on methane emission from rice paddy fields. Biogeochemistry,11:77-95.
116. Setyanto, P., Rosenani, A.B., Boer, R.2004. The effect of rice cultivars on methane emission from irrigated rice field. Indonesia journal of Agricultural Science,5(1):20-31.
117. Svenson, B.H, Rosswell, T.1984. In Situ Methane Production from Acid Peat in Plant Communities with Different Moisture Regimes in a Subarctic Mire. Oikos,43:341-350.
118. Taylor, J. A., Brasseur, G. P., Zimmerman, P. R.1991. A study of the sources and sinks of methane and methyl chloroform using a global three-dimensional Lagrangian tropospheric tracer transport model. Journal of Geophysical Research,96:3013-3044.
119. Thornton, P.E., Running, S.W., White, M.A.1997. Generating surfaces of daily meteorological variables over large regions of complex terrain. Journal of Hydrology,190:214-251.
120. Thornton, P. E., Running, S.W.1999. An improved algorithm for estimating incident daily solar radiation from measurements of temperature, humidity, and precipitation. Agricultural and Forest Meteorology,93:211-228.
121. Towprayoon, S., Smakgahn, K., Poonkaew, S.2005. Mitigation of methane and nitrous oxide emissions from drained irrigated rice fields. Chemosphere,59:1547-1556.
122. Van Bodegom, P.M., Verburg, P.H., van der Gon, A.C.D.2002. Upscaling methane emissions from rice paddies:problems and possibilities. Global Biogeochemical.Cycles,16:10-14.
123. Wang, B., Neue, H.U., Samonte, H.P.1997. Effect of cultivar difference ('IR72',IR65598' and 'Dular') on methane emission. Agriculture. Ecosystems and. Environment,62:31-40.
124. Wang, B., Adachi, K.2000. Differences among rice cultivars in root exudation, methane oxidation, and populations of methanogenic and methanotrophic bacteria in relation to methane emission. Nutrient Cycling in Agroecosystems,58:349-356.
125. Wang, M.X., Dai, A.G., Shen, R.X.1990. CH4 emission from a Chinese rice paddy field. Acta Meteorologica Sinica,401:265-275.
126. Wang, M.X., Shangguan, X. J., Shen, R., Wassmann, R., Seiler, W.1993. Methane production, emission and possible control measures in rice agriculture. Advances in Atmospheric Sciences,3: 307-314.
127. Wang, M. X.1996. Methane production, emission and possible control measures in the rice agriculture. Advances in Atmospheric Sciences,10:307-314.
128. Wang, Z. P., Delaune, R. D.1993. Soil redox and pH effects on methane production in a flooded rice soil. Soil Science Society of America Journal,57:382-385.
129. Wang, Z. Y., Xu, Y. C., Li, Z., Guo, Y. X., Wassmann, R.2000. A four year record of methane emissions from irrigated rice fields in the Beijing region of China. Nutrient Cycling in Agroecosystems,58:55-63.
130. Wassmann, R., Schutz, H., Papen, H.1993. Quantification of methane emissions from Chinese rice fields (Zhejiang Province) as influenced by fertilizer treatment. Biogeochemistry,20:83-101.
131. Wassmann, R., Neue, H.U., Bueno, C., et al.1998. Methane production capacities of different rice soils derived from inherent and exogenous substrates. Plant and Soil,203:221-231.
132. Wassmann, R., Aulakh, M.S., Lantin, R.S., et al.2002. Methane emission patterns from rice fields planted to several rice cultivars from nine seasons. Nutrient Cycling in Agroecosystems,64: 111-124.
133. Watanabe, A., Kajiwara, M., Tashiro, T.1995. Influence of rice cultivar on methane emissions from paddy fields. Plant and soil,176:51-56.
134. Watanabe, A.1995. Estimation of the increase in CH4 emission from paddy soils by rice straw application. Plant and soil,173:225-231.
135. Watanabe, A., Yamada, H., Kimura, M.2005. Analysis of temperature effects on seasonal and interannual variation in CH4 emission from rice-planted pots. Agriculture Ecosystems and Environment,105:439-443.
136. Whalen, S.C., Reeburgh, W.S.1990. Consumption of atmospheric methane by tundra soils. Nature, 346:160-162.
137. Whiting, G.J., Chanton, J.P.1993. Primary production control of methane emission from wetlands. Nature,364:794-795.
138. Wilson, J. O., Grill, P. M., Bartlett, K. B.1989. Seasonal variation of methane emissions from a temperate swamp. Biogeochemistry,8:55-71.
139. World Meteorological Organization. The state of greenhouse gases in the atmosphere using global observations through 2006. WMO Greenhouse Gas Bulletin,2007.
140. Xie, B. H., Zheng, X. H., Zhou, Z. X., et al.2009. Effects of nitrogen fertilizer on CH4 emissions from rice fields:multi-site field observations. Plant and Soil, doi.10.1007/s11104-009-0020-3.
141. Xu, S.P., Jaffe, P.R., Mauzerall, D.L.2007. A process-based model for methane emission from flooded rice paddy systems. Ecological Modelling,205:475-491.
142. Xu, Z. J., Zheng, X. H., Wang, Y.S.2004. Effects of elevated CO2 and N fertilization on CH4 emission from paddy rice fields. Global Biogeochemical Cycles,18:GB3009, doi:10.1029/ 2004GB002233.
143.Yagi, K., Minami, K.1990. Effects of organic matter applications on emission from some Japaneses paddy fields. Soil Science and Plant Nutrition,36:599-610.
144. Yagi, K., Tsuruta, H., Kanda, K., Manami, K.1996. Effect of water management on methane emission from a Japanese rice field:Automated methane monitoring. Global Biogeochemical Cycles,10:255-267.
145. Yan, X. Y., Cai, Z. C., Toshimasa, O., et al.2003. Methane emission from rice fields in mainland China:Amount and seasonal and spatial distribution. Journal of Geophysical Research,108(D16): 4505, DOI 10.1029/2002JD003182.
146. Yan, X., Yagi, K., Akiyama, H.2005. Statistical analysis of the major variables controlling methane emission from rice fields. Global Change Biology,11:1131-1141, doi: 10.1111/j.1365-2486.2005.00976.x.
147. Yan, X., Akiyama, H., Yagi, K., Akimoto, H.2009. Global estimations of the inventory and mitigation potential of methane emissions from rice cultivation conducted using the 2006 Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change Guidelines. Global Biogeochem. Cycles,23:GB2002, doi:10.1029/2008GB003299.
148. Yao, H., Conrad, R.1999. Thermodynamics of methane production in different rice paddy soils from China, the Philipines, and Italy. Soil Biology and Biochemistry,31:463-473.
149. Yao, H., Conrad, R.2001. Thermodynamics of propionate degradation in anoxic paddy soil from different rice-growing regions. Soil Biology and Biochemistry,33:359-364.
150. Yu, Z., Shangguan, X., Pollard, D.2003. Simulating methane emission from a Chinese rice field as influenced by fertilizer and water level. Hydrological processes,17:3485-3501.
151. Zheng, X., Zhou, Z., Wang, Y.2006. Nitrogen-regulated effects of free-air CO2 enrichment on methane emissions from paddy rice fields. Global Change Biology,12:1717-1732.
152. Zou, J. W., Huang, Y., Zong, L. G., et al.2004. Carbon dioxide, nitrous oxide and methane emissions from a rice-winter wheat rotation system as affected by crop residue incorporation and temperature. Advance in Atmospheric Science,21:691-698.
153. Zou, J., Huang, Y., Jiang, J., Zheng, X., Sass, R.L.2005. A 3-year field measurement of methane and nitrous oxide emissions from rice paddies in China:effects of water regime, crop residue, and fertilizer application. Global Biogeochem. Cycles,19:GB2021.
154. Zou, J.W., Huang, Y., Qin, Y.M.2009.Changes in fertilizer-induced direct N2O emissions from paddy fields during rice-growing season in China between 1950s and 1990s. Global Change Biology,15:229-242.
155.宝鸡县宁王公社联合大队革委会.1975.稻麦两熟获高产.陕西农业科学,3：21-21.
156.蔡祖聪,沈光裕,颜晓元.1998.土壤质地,温度和Eh对稻田甲烷排放的影响,土壤学报,35：145-153.
157.蔡祖聪,颜晓元,鹤田治雄.1995a.丘陵区稻田CH4排放的空间分布.土壤学报,32：151-159.
158.蔡祖聪,颜晓元,鹤田治雄.1995b.氮肥品种对稻田CH4的影响.土壤学报,32(增刊)：136-142.
159.曹金留,任立涛,陈国庆.1998.水稻田烤田期间甲烷排放规律研究.农村生态环境,14(4)：1-4.
160.曹景蓉,洪业汤.1996.贵阳郊区水稻田甲烷释放通量的研究.土壤通报,27(1)：19-22.
161.陈德经.1980.紫云英肥效及施用研究.四川农业科技,2：24-25.
162.陈德章,王明星.1993.稻田CH4排放和土壤、大气条件的关系.地球科学进展,8(5)：37-46.
163.陈德章,王明星,上官行健,黄俊.1993.我国西南地区的稻田甲烷排放.地球科学进展,8(5)：47-54.
164.陈福祥.1979.水稻套种绿肥的肥效试验.土壤通报,5：44-44。
165.陈福兴,秦道珠,谢良商.1990.长期施用有机肥对土壤养分平衡及增产作用、肥料效应监测试验结果.土壤肥料,5：13-16.
166.陈冠雄,黄国宏,黄斌.1995.稻田CH4及N20的排放及养萍和施肥的影响.应用生态学报,6(4)：378-382.
167.陈启德,汪沄滨,曾庆曦,刘志明.1995.稻田种植绿肥的增产效果及对土壤肥力的影响.西南农业学报,8：117-123.
168.陈荣业,孙秀廷,李阿荣,潘遵谱,陈全武,惠茂新.1983.苏州高产稻区氮肥的经济施用.土壤学报,20(4)：373-385.
169.陈苇,卢婉芳,段彬伍等.2001.猪粪与沼气渣对双季稻田甲烷排放的影响.生态学报,21(2)： 265-270.
170.陈苇,卢婉芳,段彬伍.2002.稻草还田对晚稻稻田甲烷排放的影响.土壤学报,39(2)：170-176.
171.陈禹平,贾植三,田声高.1956.四川水稻施用有机无机混合肥料的初步试验总结.土壤学报,4：169-176.
172.陈宗良,高金和,袁怡,邵可声.1992.不同农业管理方式对北京地区稻田甲烷排放的影响研究.环境科学研究,5(4)：1-7.
173.陈志诚.1961.广东省几种水稻土耕层中团聚体与土壤耕性及肥力的关系.土壤通报,3：24-30.
174.成占生,马文进.2001.关于目前秸秆利用的研究与探讨.农村经济,1：33-34.
175.崔澂.1965.十年总结水稻高产栽培经验工作的回顾与瞻望.科学通报,5：377-381.
176.大洼农垦局荣兴农场农科站.1980.大面积杂交水稻丰产经验.新农业,1：8-9.
177.戴爱国,王明星,沈壬兴等.1991.我国杭州地区秋季稻田的甲烷排放.大气科学,15：102-110.
178.当阳县革命委员会农业科.1972.稻田绿肥高产和施用经验.湖北农业科学,5：35-36.
179.邓秉森.1979.早稻间种田菁的肥效与问题调查.土壤肥料,3：40-41.
180.邓铁金,樊友安,丁贤安.1981.双季稻、油菜三熟制经济效益与土壤肥力.土壤通报,6：1-4.
181.丁爱菊,王明星.1995.稻田甲烷排放的初级模式.大气科学,19(6)：733-740.
182.丁维新.2003.土壤甲烷氧化菌及水分状况对其活性的影响.中国生态农业学报,11(1)：94-97.
183.丁贤劫.1963.水旱轮作稻田提高土壤肥力的轮作复种经验.浙江农业科学,7：294-298.
184.杜尧东,刘锦銮,杨宁,王天龙.2005.赤红壤早稻田甲烷排放通量及其影响因素.生态学杂志,24(8)：939-942.
185.段彬伍,卢婉芳,陈苇.1999.种植杂交稻对甲烷排放的影响及评价.中国环境科学,19(5)：397-401.
186.樊卫妹,韩才明,董天云,顾慧萍,许建华,赵以林.2005.有机水稻肥料不同用量的效应研究.上海农业科技,3：44-45.
187.范业成,陶其骧,叶厚专,刘光荣,李宁,李祖章.1991.有机无机肥配施改土增产效果定位研究.江西农业学报,3(2)：104-111.
188.费槐林,王元卿,杨柏林.1963.大、小麦—连作稻全年三熟增产技术的初步研究.浙江农业科学,11：467-472.
189.冯文武.1989.有机肥料对水稻产量和土壤肥力的影响.内蒙古农业科技,3：19-22。
190.福建省农科院稻麦所葫芦阵基点.1980.葫芦阵大队麦稻稻三熟高产的技术经验.福建农业科技,6：10-12.
191.傅美兰.1989.不同冬绿肥与双季稻轮作效益分析.土壤肥料,6：39-40.
192.傅志强,黄璜,何保良.2007.水稻植株通气系统与稻田CH4排放相关性研究.作物学报,33(9)：1458-1467.
193.高菊生,秦道珠,刘更另,徐明岗.2002.长期施用有机肥对水稻生长发育及产量的影响.耕作与栽培,2：31-38.
194.高菊生,徐明岗,王伯仁,秦道珠,文石林,申华平.2005.长期有机无机肥配施对土壤肥力及水稻产量的影响.中国农学通报,21(8)：211-215.
195.高亮之,李林.水稻气象生态,北京：中国农业出版社,1992.
196.高明,车福才,魏朝富,谢德体,杨剑虹.2000.长期施用有机肥对紫色水稻土铁锰铜锌形态的影响.植物营养与肥料学报,6(1)：1 1-17.
197.高祥照,马文奇,马常宝,张福锁,王运华.2002.中国作物秸秆资源利用现状分析.华中农业大学学报,3：60-65.
198.高永刚,顾红,姬菊枝,王育光.2007.近43年来黑龙江气候变化对农作物产量影响的模拟研究.应用气象学报,18(4)：532-538.
199.广西农业科学研究院.1975.田菁对水稻增产效果试验小结.广西农业科学,9：42-45.
200.郭素英,徐亚萍,李宏勋.2007.河南沿黄稻区水稻肥床旱育壮秧技术.中国农村小康科技,10：45-45.
201.韩鲁佳,闫巧娟,刘向阳,胡金有.2002.中国农作物秸秆资源及其利用现状.农业工程学报,18(3)：87-91.
202.杭州市农业科学研究所栽培组.1977.小麦-连作稻三熟制全年粮食亩产超“三纲”的栽培技术总结.浙江农业科学,6：1 1-13.
203.何福泉,陈耀福.1982.草木樨稻底栽培利用试验初报.广东农业科学,10：17-20.
204.何国祥.1996.不同肥料结构对水稻产量和土壤肥力的影响.土壤肥料,6：16-18.
205.何铭伟.1982.双季稻不同冬作物对增产培肥的影响.广东农业科学,5：27-30.
206.贺维农主编,《农业常用数据资料》,农业出版社,1981.
207.何秀英,廖耀平,陈钊明,陈顺佳.1996.收获指数在水稻高产育种中的作用.种子,6：39-41.
208.胡官庆,马友华.1996.铜陵地区紫云英发展中问题及对策.安徽农学通报,2(4)：1 1-12.
209.胡立峰,李琳,陈阜等.2006.不同耕作制度对南方稻田甲烷排放的影响.生态环境,15(6)：1216-1219.
210.胡王仲.2007.重庆市有机肥料资源利用现状与发展思考.中国农技推广,23(7)：37-39.
211.华中农业科学院研究所土壤肥料系.1956.苕子、紫云英、黄花苜蓿品种栽培及利用研究(1951-1955).华中农业科学,3：153-163.
212.黄冈分院一连八排三班.1973.麦-稻-稻三熟栽培试验小结.华中农业大学学报,3：22-24.
213.黄继茂.1982.水稻高产施肥法的基本原理.广东农业科学,4：29-31.
214.黄庆裕.1998.紫云英亚青对水稻产量的影响.土壤肥料,2：29-31.
215.黄武龙,黄朝富,潘秀玲.2002.适宜绿肥压青量与化肥配施对水稻产量的影响.广西农学报,1：6-9.
216.黄岩县鼓屿公社十里铺大队.1978.杂交水稻获高产的栽培技术.今日科技,15：1-3.
217.黄岩县农业局.1960.路桥良种繁育场连作晚稻大面积丰产经验.浙江农业科学,2：7-8.
218.黄耀,Sass R L, Fisher F M.1999.水稻物质生产对稻田甲烷排放的影响.农业环境保护,18(4)：150-154.
219.黄耀,孙文娟.2006.近20年来中国大陆农田表土有机碳含量的变化趋势.科学通报,51(7)：750-763.
220.黄运湘,张杨珠,刘鹏,冯跃华,周清.2001.稻作制与有机肥及地下水位对水稻土硫素状况的影响Ⅰ.全硫和有效硫含量。湖南农业大学学报,27(3)：205-208.
221.侯春华.2005.黔东南地区绿肥生产现状及发展对策.黔东南民族师范高等专科学校学报,23(6)：68-70.
222.焦燕,黄耀,宗良纲,周权锁.2002.土壤理化特性对稻田CH4排放的影响.环境科学,23(5)：1-7
223.焦燕,黄耀,宗良纲.2005.有机肥施用、土壤有效铜和氮素对稻田甲烷排放的影响.农业环境科学学报,22(5)：565-569.
224.焦燕,黄耀,宗良纲,周权锁.2005.氮肥水平对不同土壤CH4排放的影响.环境科学,26(3)：21-24.
225.蒋静艳,黄耀,宗良纲.2003.水分管理与秸秆施用对稻田CH4和N20排放的影响.中国环境科学,23(5)：552-556.
226.江苏省农科院粮食作物研究所水稻栽培组.1979.陈永康“麦-稻-稻”三熟亩产三千斤试验研究总结.江苏农业科学,2：6-11.
227.兰州市红古区张家寺基点组.1976.麦稻两熟试验初报.甘肃农业科技,5：15-17.
228.赖涛,熊春贵,李茶苟.1991.不同施肥措施对红壤性水稻土有机无机复合体的影响.江西农业科技,2：30-32.
229.李宝烨,姚承祯,冯志高.1957.稻棉轮种对土壤肥力的影响.土壤学报,5(4)：322-330.
230.李长生.2000.土壤碳储量减少：中国农业之隐患-中美农业生态系统碳循环对比研究.第四纪研究,20(4)：345-350.
231.李长喜,杨松云.1983.信阳地区稻田绿肥紫云英生产调查.河南农林科技,4：14-16.
232.历城县农业局.1966.姬家庄大队水稻追施田菁增产效果.山东农业科学,1：62-63.
233.李冬初,李菊梅,徐明岗,秦道珠,申华平.2004.有机肥无机肥配施对红壤稻田氮素形态及水稻产量的影响.湖南农业科学,31(3)：23-25.
234.李光庆.1977.毛主席的光辉哲学思想指引我夺取“麦稻稻”三熟高产.中国农业科学,2：9-15.
235.李焕珍,韩宏儒,吴芝成,杨隽昌,葛鲁敏.1986.有机肥培肥水稻土效果的研究.土壤通报,6：252-258.
236.李晶,王明星,陈德章.1997.水稻田甲烷的减排方法研究.中国农业气象,18(6)：9-14.
237.李菊梅,徐明岗,秦道珠,李冬初,宝川靖和,八木一行.2005.有机肥无机肥配施对稻田氨挥发和水稻产量的影响.植物营养与肥料学报,11(1)：51-56.
238.李琳,胡立峰,陈阜等.2006.长期不同施肥类型对稻田甲烷和氧化亚氮排放速率的影响.农业环境科学学报,25(增刊)：707-710.
239.李实烨,王家玉,孔万根.1982.稻田土壤供氮性能的研究.土壤学报,19(1)：13-20.
240.黎天义.1995.增施有机肥及配方施肥对中低产水稻田地力的影响.广西农业科学,4：167-169.
241.李伟,戴亨林,陈智勇.1995.重庆市有机肥料结构及其在作物养分中的作用.西南农业大学学报,17(3)：249-252.
242.李宗铁,韩京龙,江耀宗.1991.连续施用有机肥对水稻生育和品质的影响.吉林农业科学,4：66-70.
243.梁运江,全炳武,刘剑峰,刘海峰.1999.有机肥与化肥配施对水稻产量的影响初探.吉林农业大学学报,21(3)：71-76.
244.梁运江,许广波,刘海峰,刘文利,苏艳敏.2001.延边地区水稻稳产高产施肥体系的探讨.土壤与环境,10(3)：214-219.
245.廖玉萍,何华.1992.稻麦轮作有机肥与化肥配施效果定位试验.湖北农业科学,8：19-21.
246.林景亮.1962.紫云英地下部不同深度和方式的翻压对水田土壤肥力的影响.土壤通报,2：50-59.
247.林匡飞,项雅玲,姜达炳.2000.湖北地区稻田甲烷排放量及控制措施的研究.农业环境保护,19(5)：267-270.
248.林世成,过益先,杨泉涌,韩志炜.1963.水稻不同群体结构的丰产特性的研究.作物学报,2：363-378.
249.林炎金,林增泉.1994.连续十年施用不同肥料对土壤养分积累的研究.福建省农科院学报,9(3)：31-35.
250.林增泉,翁文钰,蒋和,林炎金,刘振兴.1991.连续十年施肥对水稻土肥力的影响.福建省农科院学报,6(1)：35-44.
251.凌诚汉.1966.豫南稻区紫云英栽培利用的调查研究.土壤通报,2：15-17.
252.凌诚汉,朱卜兰.1988.豫南稻区麦茬绿肥栽培利用技术研究.信阳师范学院学报,1(4)： 391-397.
253.刘更另.1991.中国有机肥料.北京：农业出版社,pp143-148.
254.刘建栋,周秀骥,王建林.2001.稻田CH4排放的农业气象数值模拟研究.应用气象学报,12(4)：409-418.
255.刘建华.1965.天山大队水稻丰产经验.新疆农业科学,4：143-144.
256.刘建胜.2005.我国秸秆资源分布及利用现状的分析.中国农业大学硕士学位论文,21-24.
257.刘建松,黄武龙.2002.广西主要有机肥料资源及利用状况调查.广西农学报,5：40-42.
258.刘经荣,刘永厚,张德远,姚益云,郭成志.1985.高产稻田中有机-无机肥料配合施用的效应(初报).江西农业大学学报,1：37-41.
259.刘克让,蓝仁德.1960.汉中地区几项水稻栽培技术调查.陕西农业科学,4：162-166.
260.刘明,谭宏志,李华兴,陈桂兰.2001.有机肥和钾肥配合施用对水稻产量及土壤肥力的影响.土壤肥料,3：36-39.
261.刘寿春,周清湘,卢锦屏.1964.冬季绿肥对水稻的肥效试验.广西农业科学,1：9-18.
262.刘伟恩.1987.水稻有机肥与化肥配合施用试验简报.广西农业科学,4：26-27.
263.刘勋,赖庆旺.1980.不同绿肥对红壤性稻田土壤结构的影响.江西农业科技,2：11-13.
264.刘焱.1965.湖北京山县宋河区的水稻增产经验.中国农业科学,7：33-34.
265.刘运武.1983.湘南红壤高产稻田有机质状况及培肥增产途径.土壤通报,1：11-12.
266.龙泉县农科所.1975.稻麦三熟亩产二千斤的栽培技术.今日科技,23：3-6.
267.龙溪地区农业科学研究所.1979.两稻一麦三熟制水稻高产栽培技术总结.福建农业科技,2：14-19.
268.卢萍,杨林章,单玉华,韩勇.2007.绿肥和秸秆还田对稻田土壤供氮能力及产量的影响.土壤通报,38(1)：39-42.
269.卢绍煜.1983.黄壤性稻田油菜秆还田的改土增产效果.贵州农业科技,3：38-45.
270.卢婉芳,陈苇,郭望模,段彬伍.1997.气温及水肥管理方式对中稻田甲烷排放的影响.中国水稻科学,11(3)：170-174.
271.卢维盛,张建国,廖宗文.1997.广州地区晚稻稻田CH4和N2O的排放通量及其影响因素.应用生态学报,8(3)：275-278.
272.卢婉芳,陈苇,郭望模,段彬伍.1997.气温及水管理方式对中国稻田CH4排放的影响.中国水稻科学,11(3)：170-174.
273.陆宗杉,杨延龄,蒋志明.1985.杂交晚稻汕优6号不同施肥模式的初试.温州农业科技,2：18-21.
274.罗家馨,黄文礼.1957.双季连作早晚稻阶段施用氮肥试验报告.华中农业科学,3：164-166.
275.吕国庆.1966.紫云英、苕子肥效的研究.土壤通报,2：60-61.
276.吕雪娟,杨军,陈玉芬,杨崇.1998.广州地区早稻品种与施肥对稻田甲烷排放通量的影响研究.华南农业大学学报,19(4)：87-91.
277.马成泽.1990.不同施肥制度下农田土壤有机质平衡移动的趋势.安徽农学院学报,2：99-104.
278.马静,徐华,蔡祖聪.2008.焚烧麦秆对稻田CH4和N20的影响.中国环境科学,28(2)：117-110.
279.苗昌泽.1997.广西晚稻肥床旱育稀植栽培技术规程.农家之友,4：7-9.
280.苗果园,尹钧,张云亭,张爱良.1998.中国北方主要作物根系生长的研究.作物学报,24(1)：1-9.
281.莫淑勋,钱菊芳.1983.红壤地区紫云英中氮素的转化及其对水稻有效性的研究.土壤学报,20(1)：12-22.
282.潘贺玲,于奎武,李焕珍,杨伟奇,崔俊嫣.2000.有机无机肥配合施用对盐化草甸土的培肥效果.沈阳农业大学学报,31(2)：181-184.
283.彭嘉桂,林炎金,罗涛,蔡阿瑜.1993.施用有机肥对红壤性稻田土壤生态及肥力的影响.福建省农科院学报,8(3)：38-43.
284.彭科林,唐瑞宝,杨光立.1989.不同有机肥对红黄泥水稻土的培肥效果.湖南农业科学,2：26-29.
285.彭佩钦,吴金水,黄道友,汪汉林,唐国勇,黄伟生,朱奇宏.2006.洞庭湖区不同利用方式对土壤微生物生物量碳氮磷的影响.生态学报,26(7)：2261-2267.
286.彭世彰,李道西,徐俊增.2007.节水灌溉模式对稻田甲烷排放规律的影响.环境科学,28(1)：9-14.
287.彭星辉,李定华,谢晓阳.2007.黄泥田晚稻肥料效应的研究.湖南农业科学,4：115-117.
288.乔德良,宋春芳,丁纪友,宋安发,邹应斌.1992.水稻高产低耗配套栽培技术试验.作物研究,6：39-41.
289.秦道珠,邹长明,黄平娜,高菊生.2000.施用有机无机肥与稻田氮素释放及水稻群体生长的关系.湖南农业科学,2：23-25.
290.钦州农业局.1975.早稻套种田菁,促进晚稻高产.广西农业科学,9：39-41.
291.全国农业技术推广服务中心.《中国有机肥料资源》.中国农业出版社,1999.
292.饶鸣钿,郑履端,林柳姬.2003.氮、磷、钾有机肥对水稻产量和品质的影响.耕作与栽培,1：61-62.
293.任祖淦,陈玉水,唐福钦,王东海,张逸清.1996.有机无机肥料配施对土壤微生物和酶活性的影响.植物营养与肥料学报,2(3)：279-283.
294.荣湘民,袁正平,胡瑞芝,朱红梅,黄运湘,周清,张杨珠,肖永兰.2001.稻作制有机肥地下水位对稻田甲烷排放的影响.农业环境保护,20(6)：394-397.
295.邵吉安,叶建刚,陈永华,陈志芬,冯传生,马建华.1993.有机肥和化肥配施对水稻的增产作用.上海农业科技,3：17-18.
296.邵可声,李震.1996.水稻品种以及施肥措施对稻田甲烷排放的影响.北京大学学报(自然科学版),32(4)：505-513.
297.绍兴地区农科所.1973.稻麦三熟制高产试验.今日科技,16：4-7.
298.邵月红,潘剑君,孙波.2005.长期施用有机肥对瘠薄红壤有效碳库及碳库管理指数的影响.土壤通报,36(2)：177-180.
299.上官行健,王明星.1993a.稻田甲烷排放的控制措施.地球科学进展,8：55-62.
300.上官行健,王明星,陈德章,沈壬兴.1993b.稻田甲烷的传输.地球科学进展,8：13-22.
301.上官行健,王明星,Wassmann, R., Rennenberg, H.1993c.稻田土壤中CH4产生率的实验研究.大气科学,17(5)：603-610.
302.上官行健,王明星,陈德章,沈壬兴.1993d.稻田土壤中的甲烷产生.地球科学进展,8：1-12.
303.上官行健,王明星.1994.我国华中地区稻田甲烷排放特征.大气科学,18：358-365.
304.佘卓才,毛树青.1959.稻棉连作两熟丰产的经验.棉花,6：13-16.
305.沈润平,刘经荣,张德远,周卫.1991.水稻土有机-无机肥料配合施用的效应(之五).江西农业大学学报,13(3)：224-231.
306.沈壬兴,上官行健,王明星等.1995.广州地区稻田甲烷排放及中国稻田甲烷排放的空间变化.地球科学进展,10：387-391.
307.沈善敏.中国土壤肥力.北京：中国农业出版社,1998.
308.沈学年.1959.浙江省1958年连作晚稻丰产经验初步总结.浙江农学院学报,3：25-37.
309.水稻栽培,湖南农学院作物研究组,1974,湖南人民出版社.
310.宋伟和.1958.湖南醴陵企石农业社晚稻增产的经验.华中农业科学,4：237-239.
311.苏广达.作物学.广东高教出版社,2000,pp108-111.
312.孙庚寅.1982.淮北地区稻麦轮作条件下秸秆还田的效果.土壤肥料,6：13-15.
313.孙岩松.2008.我国东北水稻种植快速发展的原因分析和思考.中国稻米,5：9-11.
314.上海五四农场科研站.1976.后季稻秧田间种田菁.上海农业科学,12：10-10.
315.陶其骧,罗奇祥,范业成,李祖章,刘光荣,徐招莲.1993.双击杂交稻高产施肥技术研究.江西农业学报,5(1)：29-35.
316.陶其骧,范业成.1982.有机绿肥-无机肥配比对早稻氮素肥效的影响及分析.江西农业科技,1：13-15.
317.陶战,田淑贤,周义.1993.沼渣对稻田甲烷排放量的影响.中国沼气,11(4)：11-15.
318.陶战,杜道灯,周毅.1995.不同农作措施对稻田甲烷排放通量的影响.农业环境保护,14(3)：101-104.
319.田秀英,石孝均.2003.不同施肥对稻麦养分吸收利用的影响.重庆师范学院学报,20(2)：44-47.
320.王宝洪,李桂山,蒙定球.1997.深耕和增施有机肥对土壤肥力及水稻产量的影响.土壤肥料,6：32-34.
321.王德.1965.宁夏水稻高产栽培试验报告.作物学报,4：381-389.
322.王鹤桥.1988.绿肥对黑土土壤有机质的影响及其相关因素.土壤肥料,1：28-31.
323.王华,黄宇,黄璜,张芬.2005.中亚热带土壤地区稻-稻-草轮作系统稻田土壤质量评价.生态学报,25(12)：3271-3281.
324.王宜明,范家友,高红武,梁红,苏锡南,何咏梅.2001.秸秆综合利用探析.昆明冶金高等专科学校学报,17(4)：15-18.
325.王俊明.2007.施用紫云英对水稻产量的影响.农技服务,24(4)：39.
326.王家玉.1987.多熟制条件下稻田土壤肥力演变及其管理.中国农业科学,20(3)：73-80.
327.王良泉,蓝士珍,曹静明,白光俊,吴国淃.1965.崔竹松水稻高产技术经验的初步研究Ⅰ.崔竹松水稻高产技术经验.作物学报,4：1-9.
328.王明星等.1987.稻田和沼气池CH；排放通量的测量.科学通报,21：1646-1649.
329.王明星,戴爱国,黄俊.1991.中国CH4排放量的估算.大气科学,1：52-64.
330.王明星,上官行健,沈壬兴.1995.华中稻田甲烷排放的施肥效应及施肥策略.中国农业气象,16(2)：1-5.
331.王明星,李晶,郑循华.1998.稻田甲烷排放及产生、转化、输送机理.大气科学,4：600-612.
332.王明星.2001.中国稻田甲烷排放.科学出版社,北京.
333.王秋华.1994.我国农村作物秸秆资源化调查研究.农村生态环境,10(4)：67-71.
334.王荣培.1965.试种双季混作稻的几点经验.安徽农业科学,3：17-19.
335.王绍明.2000.不同施肥方式下紫色水稻土土壤肥力变化规律研究.农村生态环境,16(3)：23-26.
336.王胜佳,陈义,吴春艳,王家玉,李实烨.2004.施用不同肥料对稻田作物产量与土壤肥力的长期影响.浙江农业学报,16(6)：372-376.
337.王亚平,黄耀,张稳.2008.中国东北三省1960-2005年地表干燥度变化趋势.地球科学进展,23(6)：619-627.
338.王垣.1965.古城大队378亩公交插秧稻亩产1092.96斤的丰产经验.宁夏农林科技,4：5-12.
339.王媛,方修琦,徐锬,等.2005.气候变暖与东北地区水稻种植的适应行为.资源科学,1：121-127.
340.王元贞,潘廷国,柯玉琴.1994.有机无机氮肥配合施用对土壤和水稻的影响.土壤,1：48-50.
341.王允青,张祥明,刘英.2004.施用紫云英对水稻产量和土壤养分的影响.安徽农业科学,32 (4)：699-700.
342.王增远,徐雨昌,李震.1999.水稻品种对稻田甲烷排放的影响.作物学报,25(4)：441-446.
343.王振忠,董百舒,吴敬民.2002.太湖稻麦地区秸秆直接还田的增产及培肥效果研究.耕作与栽培,3：47-49.
344.翁伟,杨继涛,赵青玲,张百良.2004.我国秸秆资源化技术现状及其发展方向.中国资源综合利用,7：18-21.
345.魏成熙,赵品仁,牛爱珍,田红,张军.1997.施用秸秆和绿肥对有机质及养分变化的影响.土壤肥料,5：51-53.
346.魏际新,甄启芳,贺湘逸,叶川.1997.提高有机肥绿肥施用水平促进江西农业持续发展.江西农业大学学报,19(4)：99-104.
347.乌力吉.1997.内蒙古自治区农作物秸秆资源及其利用潜力的研究.内蒙古畜牧科学,4：24-26.
348.邬伦,刘瑜.2001.地理信息系统—原理、方法和应用.北京,科学出版社.
349.伍芬琳,张海林,李琳等.2008.保护性耕作下双季稻农田甲烷排放特征及温室效应.中国农业科学,41(9)：2703-2709.
350.吴萍,胡南河,叶爱青,朱金明,胡慧,唐瑜.2006.种植紫云英的效益及其对土壤肥力的影响.安徽农业科学,34(11)：2466-2468.
351.吴树栋.2005.我国农作物秸秆综合利用现状.人造板通讯,8：1-4.
352.奚振邦.1985.简论水稻施肥的模式与相应的施肥技术.土壤通报,1：27-30.
353.肖恕贤.1981.双季稻田冬季不同轮作方式对提高土壤肥力及增产效果研究.土壤通报,2：10-13.
354.肖永兰,袁正平,蒋健容,张杨珠.1991.不同稻作制、地下水位和绿肥量对土壤有效磷的影响.湖南农学院学报,Z17：250-253.
355.谢凤根,尹道明.1984.从典型调查看浙江稻区近20年有机肥的施用情况.浙江农业科学,4：193-195.
356.谢小立,王卫东,上官行健,王明星.1995.施肥对稻田甲烷排放的影响.农村生态环境学报,11(1)：10-14.
357.徐存才.1997.水稻栽后施绿肥对其生长发育及土壤肥力的影响.生态农业研究,5(2)：65-67.
358.徐华,蔡祖聪,李小平.1999.土壤Eh和温度对稻田甲烷排放季节变化的影响.农业环境保护,18(4)：145-149.
359.徐华,蔡祖聪,李小平.2000.烤田对种稻土壤甲烷排放的影响.土壤学报,37(1)：69-76.
360.许绣云,姚贤良,刘克樱,黄德凯.1996.长期施用有机物料对红壤性水稻土的物理性质的影响.土壤,2：57-61.
361.徐阳春,沈其荣,雷宝坤,储国良,王全洪.2000.水旱轮作下长期免耕和施用有机肥对某些肥力性状的影响.应用生态学报,11(4)：549-552.
362.徐阳春,沈其荣,茆泽圣.2003.长期施用有机肥对土壤及不同粒级中有机磷含量与分配的影响.土壤学报,40(4)：593-598.
363.闫敏华,华润葵,王德宣.2000.长春地区稻田甲烷排放量的估算研究.地理科学,20(4)：782-786.
364.杨邦俊,杨德海,程明静,李家勇,杨虎.1990.有机无机肥配合施用对提高地力和节肥增产的效应研究.土壤通报,4：173-175.
365.杨昌达.1984.云南大理、宾川水稻高产经验.耕作与栽培,6：26-31.
366.杨长明,杨林章.2003.有机-无机肥配施对水稻剑叶光合特性的影响.生态学杂志,22(1)：1-4.
367.杨光明,武文明,沙丽清.2007.西双版纳地区稻田甲烷的排放通量.山地学报,25(4)：461-468.
368.杨军,陈玉芬,胡飞.1996.广州地区晚季稻田甲烷排放通量与施肥影响研究.华南农业大学学报,17(2)：17-22.
369.杨立炯,汤玉庚.1964.陈永康水稻高产经验的总结、提高、示范、推广.中国农业科学,5：1-8.
370.扬州地区农业科学研究所.1977.麦稻稻三熟制亩产三千斤试验初步总结.江苏农业科学,1：10-16.
371.叶永秦,乐开富,胡启灿.1993.绿肥对土壤有机质的影响.土壤,3：155-156.
372.宜春科委办公室.1975.一九七四年宜春地区试种田菁总结.江西农业科技,z1：23-27.
373.易风银,彭科林.1991.富钾绿肥对水稻的增产效应研究.湖南农业科学,5：28-30.
374.营口县旗口乡农业技术推广站.1985.水稻施肥试验总结.北方水稻,1：25-28.
375.银英梅,银友善,孙景芝,李翠华,秦刚.1998.土壤供肥能力与施肥对水稻产量的影响.辽宁农业科学,3：9-11.
376.玉林地区、玉林县革委会农业局联合调查组.1975.套种田菁对水稻增产作用的调查.广西农业科学,9：35-38.
377.玉林县小平山公社推广站.1976.卖酒大队一年三稻的栽培经验.广西农业科学,5：12-14.
378.张爱君,张明普.2002.黄潮土长期轮作施肥土壤有机质消长规律的研究.安徽农业大学学报,29(1)：60-63.
379.张伯泉,孙效文,关连珠.1987.施肥对土壤有机质和几种主要肥力性质的影响.土壤通报,4：156-160.
380.张本元.2001.有机无机肥配施对小麦、水稻产量的影响.安徽农学通报,7(6)：53-54.
381.张福春,王德辉,丘宝剑.1987.《中国农业气候图集》,北京：科学出版社.
382.张福春,朱志辉.1990.中国作物的收获指数.中国农业科学,23(2)：83-87.
383.张剑波,邵可声,李智,唐孝炎.1994.北京地区春季稻稻田甲烷排放的研究.环境科学,15(5)：23-26。
384.张静珠.1999.南汇地区单季晚稻肥料施用调查.上海农业科技,4：14-15.
385.张培栋,杨艳丽,李光全,李新荣.2007.中国农作物秸秆能源化潜力估算.可再生能源,25(6)：80-83.
386.张稳,黄耀,郑循华等.2004.稻田甲烷排放的模型研究-模型及其修正.生态学报,24(11)：2347-2352.
387.张稳.2004.基于模型和GIS技术的中国稻田甲烷排放估计.博士论文,南京农业大学.
388.张英,褚秋华,邱多生,徐小波,徐向东.2001.11年连续肥料处理对水稻土碳、氮及微生物量的影响.南京农业大学学报,24(4)：112-114.
389.张玉革,王力,姜勇.1999.施肥对水稻生物学性状和土壤氮素平衡的影响.沈阳农业大学学报,30(2)：115-117.
390.赵兴荣,张海泉,顾祖良,王林兴.1998.水稻肥床旱育秧技术在苏南地区的应用探讨.上海农业科技,2：17-19.
391.浙江富阳县农业科学研究所.1977.稻、麦三熟高产试验总结.土壤肥料,4：8-10.
392.浙江省1961年粮食作物增产技术总结会议资料-浙江省水稻耕作施肥经验总结.浙江农业科学,4：155-158.
393.浙江十里丰农场农科所.1979.有机肥料在红壤性水稻土上的增产效果和提高土壤肥力的作用.浙江农业科学,4：10-13.
394.郑德明,姜益娟,朱朝阳,吕双庆,伍维模.2003.新疆主要有机肥料资源及其利用.塔里木农垦大学学报,15(4)：7-11.
395.国家统计局农村社会经济调查总队.2000.新中国五十年农业统计资料.北京,中国统计出版社.
396.中国农科院土壤肥料研究组.1994.中国肥料,上海,上海科技出版社.
397.中国农业科学院主编,《中国稻作学》.中国农业出版社,1986.
398.中国水稻研究所.1988.中国水稻种植区划.杭州,浙江科学技术出版社.
399.国家统计局农村社会经济调查总队.2000.新中国五十年农业统计资料.北京,中国统计出版社.
400.钟华平,岳燕珍,樊江文.2003.中国作物秸秆资源及其利用.资源科学,25(4)：62-67.
401.钟思维.1987.有机与无机肥配施对水稻产量及地力的影响.广东农业科学,4：25-27.
402.周伯瑜.1964.水稻追施尿素、硝酸铵、硫酸铵效果试验.新疆农业科学,6：2-6.
403.周广麒,李艳辉,邓奇,王振营,李代.2002.平衡施肥对稻田产量和土壤养分的影响.大连轻工业学院学报,21(3)：176-179.
404.周清,荣湘民,黄运湘.2000.红壤性水稻土甲烷排放规律研究Ⅰ.不同稻作制模拟小区甲烷排放规律.湖南农业大学学报,26(1)：72-75.
405.周卫,刘经荣,张德远.1990.水稻土有机-无机肥料配合施用的效应(之四).江西农业大学学报,2：24-31.
406.周远驰.1981.从早稻早发谈红花草子的利用.湖北农业科学,4：21-22.
407.周再兴,郑循华,王明星.2007.华东稻麦轮作农田CH4、N2O和NO排放特征.气候与环境研究,12(6)：751-760.
408.朱光琪.1959.农家肥料肥效的研究(一)农家肥料对水稻的肥效.土壤学报,3：180-189.
409.朱红霞,姚贤良.1993.有机物料在稻作制中的物理作用.土壤学报,30(2)：137-145.
410.朱健康,王冬明,卢雪忠,叶建红,王文标,陈金龙.2002.直播稻肥料运筹技术研究.上海农业科技,4：24-25.
411.朱小明,吴建明.2006.杂交晚粳稻肥料施用技术探讨.现代农业科技,12：109-110.
412.邹建文,黄耀,宗良纲.2003.不同种类有机肥施用对稻田CH4和N20排放的综合影响.环境科学,24(4)：7-12.
© 2004-2018 中国地质图书馆版权所有 京ICP备05064691号 京公网安备11010802017129号 地址：北京市海淀区学院路29号 邮编：100083 电话：办公室：(+86 10)66554848；文献借阅、咨询服务、科技查新：66554700 |