蒙古国东部塔木察格盆地下白垩统储层成岩作用及其对孔隙的影响
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摘要
本文研究区块是蒙古国东部塔木察格盆地塔南凹陷,研究层位是下白垩统铜钵庙组、南屯组和大磨拐河组。
在成岩作用研究领域,前人对火山碎屑—沉积岩的成岩作用研究较少。本文通过偏光镜下普通薄片观察、扫描电镜实验、电子探针分析、铸体薄片观察、孔隙度分析测试等研究方法,研究本区储层的岩石类型及展布、成岩作用类型、成岩序列及共生组合、成岩相、成岩阶段、孔隙类型、成岩作用对孔隙的影响等特征,进而预测有利的孔隙发育带,为油气勘探开发提供依据。
The study area of this paper is southern Tamtsag depression in Tamtsag Basin in the east of Mongolia,the study stratigraphic horizon are Lower Cretaceous Tongbomiao Formation、Nantun Formation and Damoguaihe Formation.
In the fields of diagenesis study,there is few prevenient research on diagenesis of the volcano-sedimentary rocks.By means of ordinary slice and cast sections observations、SEM experiment、electronic probe analysis、porosity analysis and examination,the types and distribution of the reservoir rocks,the types and characteristics of diagenesis as well its influence to the pore can be investigated.
1.Rock Types
In accordance with the sequence of the weakening of volcanism and the strengthening of sedimentation process,the rocks in this area can be classified into five types include lava, pyroclastic, sedimentary volcanicclastic rocks, volcaniclastic sedimentary rocks and normal sedimentary rocks. Normal sedimentary rock and volcaniclastic sedimentary rocks accounted for the main part.
2.Diagenesis Study
It is shown that the diagenetic types developed in this area include compaction and pressure-solution、cementation,fusion sintering and corrosion,dissolution, replacement,the formation of neogenic minerals, recrystallization, devitrification and so on.
The typical diagenetic sequence is as follows:welding and corrosion,the start of mild compaction and pressolution、tuffaceous cementation—ferruginous cementation—alteration of tuffaceous、feldspar and rock debris—athougenic kaolinite, weak overgrowth quartz or microcrystalline quartz—transformation of clay minerals,appearance of illite smectite mixed layer and illite, chlorite cementation,clay minerals cladding—strengthening of pressolution,stronger overgrowth quartz and Siliceous cementation—stronger calcite cementation and replacement—appearance of dawsonite—dissolution of calcite and the formation of a large number of secondary porosity—appearance of autogenic feldspars—appearance of laumontite—appearance of epidote.
The stage of diagenesis is among Phase A in late diagenetic stage.
3. Analysis of Pore Characteristics
The mainly types of pore developed in this area are intergranular dissolution pore and tuffaceous fillings intragranular pore.
Compaction and cementation decrease the pore of reservoir,dissolution increase the pore of reservoir.
4. Prodict for Advantage Pore Developed Zone
Through the porosity analysis,between the depth of 1850-2100m,there is an abnormal high porosity zone in Tanan depression.This zone distributed widely in the southwest well areas and also partially in the northeast in Tanan depression.
在成岩作用研究领域,前人对火山碎屑—沉积岩的成岩作用研究较少。本文通过偏光镜下普通薄片观察、扫描电镜实验、电子探针分析、铸体薄片观察、孔隙度分析测试等研究方法,研究本区储层的岩石类型及展布、成岩作用类型、成岩序列及共生组合、成岩相、成岩阶段、孔隙类型、成岩作用对孔隙的影响等特征,进而预测有利的孔隙发育带,为油气勘探开发提供依据。
The study area of this paper is southern Tamtsag depression in Tamtsag Basin in the east of Mongolia,the study stratigraphic horizon are Lower Cretaceous Tongbomiao Formation、Nantun Formation and Damoguaihe Formation.
In the fields of diagenesis study,there is few prevenient research on diagenesis of the volcano-sedimentary rocks.By means of ordinary slice and cast sections observations、SEM experiment、electronic probe analysis、porosity analysis and examination,the types and distribution of the reservoir rocks,the types and characteristics of diagenesis as well its influence to the pore can be investigated.
1.Rock Types
In accordance with the sequence of the weakening of volcanism and the strengthening of sedimentation process,the rocks in this area can be classified into five types include lava, pyroclastic, sedimentary volcanicclastic rocks, volcaniclastic sedimentary rocks and normal sedimentary rocks. Normal sedimentary rock and volcaniclastic sedimentary rocks accounted for the main part.
2.Diagenesis Study
It is shown that the diagenetic types developed in this area include compaction and pressure-solution、cementation,fusion sintering and corrosion,dissolution, replacement,the formation of neogenic minerals, recrystallization, devitrification and so on.
The typical diagenetic sequence is as follows:welding and corrosion,the start of mild compaction and pressolution、tuffaceous cementation—ferruginous cementation—alteration of tuffaceous、feldspar and rock debris—athougenic kaolinite, weak overgrowth quartz or microcrystalline quartz—transformation of clay minerals,appearance of illite smectite mixed layer and illite, chlorite cementation,clay minerals cladding—strengthening of pressolution,stronger overgrowth quartz and Siliceous cementation—stronger calcite cementation and replacement—appearance of dawsonite—dissolution of calcite and the formation of a large number of secondary porosity—appearance of autogenic feldspars—appearance of laumontite—appearance of epidote.
The stage of diagenesis is among Phase A in late diagenetic stage.
3. Analysis of Pore Characteristics
The mainly types of pore developed in this area are intergranular dissolution pore and tuffaceous fillings intragranular pore.
Compaction and cementation decrease the pore of reservoir,dissolution increase the pore of reservoir.
4. Prodict for Advantage Pore Developed Zone
Through the porosity analysis,between the depth of 1850-2100m,there is an abnormal high porosity zone in Tanan depression.This zone distributed widely in the southwest well areas and also partially in the northeast in Tanan depression.
引文
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[2]刘宝珺,张锦泉.沉积成岩作用[M].北京:科学出版社,1992.8.
[3]刘孟慧,纪友亮等著.碎屑岩储层成岩作用模式及其演化特征[M].北京:石油大学.
[4]王璞珺,迟元林,刘万洙等.松辽盆地火山岩相:类型、特征和储层意义[J].吉林大学学报(地球科学版),2003,33(4):449-456.
[5]陈丽华,赵澄林,纪友亮,王雪松.碎屑岩天然气储集层次生孔隙的三种成因机理[J].石油勘探与开发,1999,26(5):77- 82.
[6]陈丽华等著.扫描电镜在地质上的应用[M].北京:科学出版社,1986.
[7]陈守田,刘招君,崔凤林,丁玲,丁淑霞.海拉尔盆地含油气系统[J].吉林大学学报(地球科学版),2002,32(2): 151-154.
[8]戴启德,纪友亮等著.1996.油气储层地质学[M].山东:石油大学出版社.
[9]邸世祥等.中国碎屑岩储集层的孔隙结构[M].西安:西北大学出版社,1991.
[10]高玉巧,刘立,曲希玉.海拉尔盆地乌尔逊凹陷片钠铝石及研究意义[J].地质科技情报,2005,24(2):45-50.
[11]李春柏,张新涛,刘立,任延广,孟鹏.布达特群热流体活动及其对火山碎屑岩的改造作用—以海拉尔盆地贝尔凹陷为例[J].吉林大学学报,2006,36(2): 221-226.
[12]林仲虔.海拉尔盆地侏罗-白垩系砂岩储集层的成岩作用研究[J].石油实验地质,1992,14(3) 227~235。
[13]姜在兴等著.沉积学[M].北京:石油工业出版社,2003.
[14]王璞珺,陈树民,刘万洙等.松辽盆地火山岩相与火山岩储层的关系[J].石油与天然气地质,2003b,24(1):18-27.
[15]王璞珺,刘万洙,程日辉等.松辽盆地北部火山岩储层预测和评价.2003.3,大庆油田勘探开发研究院科研报告.
[16]刘万洙,王璞珺,门广田,边伟华,尹秀珍,许利群.松辽盆地北部深层火山岩储层特征[J].石油与天然气地质, 2003,24(1):28-31.
[17]穆曙光,张以明.成岩作用及阶段对碎屑岩储层孔隙演化的控制[J].西南石油学院学报,1994,1(6 3):22-27.
[18]邱家骧.岩浆岩石学[M]北京:地质出版社,1990.
[19]邱隆伟,姜在兴,席庆福.欧利坨子地区沙三下亚段火山岩成岩作用及孔隙演化[J].石油与天然气地质,2000,21(2):139- 147.
[20]邱楠生,冯石,廖兴明,等.辽河盆地东部凹陷构造—热力史分析[J].石油学报,1988,19(2):32~35
[21]隋少强,宋丽红,张金亮.海拉尔盆地乌尔逊凹陷大磨拐河组成岩作用研究[J].大庆石油地质与开发. 1996,15(4): 12-16.
[22]孙鼎,刘昌实等著,1980.火成岩岩石学[M],北京:地质出版社.
[23]张厚福等.石油地质学.北京:石油工业出版社.1999.
[24]何幼斌、王文广.沉积岩与沉积相.北京:石油工业出版社.2007.
[25]谭廷栋等.测井学.北京:石油工业出版社.2004.
[26]彭建亮,张帆,刘赫等.塔南油田塔19-3、19-17区块查干组储层特征[J].断块油气田.2007,14(5):9-13.
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[28]汪成辞.塔木察格盆地塔南凹陷火山碎屑岩成岩作用及CO2注入对储层的影响[D].长春:吉林大学,2008.
[29]塔木察格盆地塔南和南贝尔凹陷油气成藏期研究,地质流体和流体包裹体研究国际学术会议暨第十五届全国流体包裹体会议[C].大庆油田有限责任公司勘探开发研究院.
[30]王丽岩.蒙古国塔木察格盆地中生代生物地层学研究[D].长春:吉林大学,2008.
[31]孙善平,刘永顺,钟蓉,白志达,李家振,魏海泉,朱勤文.火山碎屑岩分类评述及火山沉积学研究展望[J].岩石矿物学杂志,2001,20(3):313- 318.
[32]孙善平,王小明.火成碎屑岩,见:池际尚主编,岩浆岩岩石学[M].北京:地质学院出版,1959.
[33]邢顺洤，姜洪启著．1993.松辽盆地陆相砂岩储集层性质与成岩作用[M].山东:黑龙江科学技术出版社.
[34]谢家莹.凝灰熔岩—碎斑熔岩—熔结凝灰岩的对比鉴别[J].火山地质与矿产,1995,16(4):93- 94
[35]王海云,李捷.东北含油气盆地储层次生孔隙形成机制[J].大庆石油学院学报,1998,22(4):5-8.
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