乌龙泉石灰石矿东西区开采过渡方案优化研究
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摘要
随着武钢对优质石灰石需求加大,乌龙泉矿西区开采势在必行。由于东区与西区之间的地形、地质条件发生了较大变化,而且这种变化还会不断持续发展,因此为实现资源的合理有序与可持续的开发利用,有必要系统地研究东西区过渡开采技术及空间展布特性。
为实现东西区平稳过渡,根据乌龙泉矿矿东西区地质条件,矿床赋存特征以及东西区现有的生产技术条件和生产现状,研究国内外露天矿山采区过渡现状,确定三个采区过渡备选方案：下盘固定帮开沟,前期横向布置、东西向推进,后期纵向布置、南北向推进；矿岩接触带开沟,纵向布置,北南向推进；上盘固定帮开沟,由南向北纵向布置。在考虑基建投资、征地费用、运输成本、损失贫化控制、生产剥采比、出矿品位均衡性、采场作业条件、运输道路条件、生产管理等九个指标的前提下,构建评价指标体系；同时,根据主观赋权法和客观赋权法赋予指标权重,并通过灰色关联度法计算各个方案与参考样本之间的关联度,决策出较优方案。通过灵敏度分析,针对指标权重对三个评估方案最终排序结果的灵敏性进行分析,从而可以得到在方案评价中灵敏度较高的指标属性。最后,对较优方案进行优化分析,最终得到乌龙泉矿东西区开采过渡的最优方案。
With the increasing demand for high-quality limestone in Wuhan Iron and Steel, western mining is imperative in Wulongquan mine. As the great changes of the terrain and the geological conditions have taken place in the east and west mining area, and this change will continue to develop.Therefore,it is necessary to systematically study the transition of mining technology and.the spatial boot in order to reasonablely,orderly and sustainablely utilize resources.
To achieve a smooth transition of eastern and western areas,in terms of geological conditions, deposit occurrence features,and the existing production technology and production status, studied transition status of mining area of open pit mine of domestic and international,and determined the transition options of three mining areas.The fixed side ditch in the footwall,early horizontal layout and carrying forward from east to west,later longitudinal layout and carrying forward from south to north; Ore contact zone trenching,longitudinal layout and carrying forward from north to south;the fixed side trenching on the plate,longitudinal layout from south to north. In the premise of considering nine indexes such as infrastruction investment,land acquisition costs,transportation costs,loss dilution control,production stripping ratio,grade balance,stope working conditions,transportation road conditions and production management,constructed evaluation index system;At the same time,in the light of the subjective weighting method and the objective weighting method,the weights of these indexes are given. Calculating the correlation between each scheme and reference samples by Grey correlation method and choosing the optimum scheme.Through sensitivity analysis,against the index weights,analyzed the sensitivity of the final ranking of the three assessment shemes and achieved index properties of higher sensitivity in the scheme evaluation.In the end, Optimal solution of the transition mining is achieved by analyzing the optimum schemes.
为实现东西区平稳过渡,根据乌龙泉矿矿东西区地质条件,矿床赋存特征以及东西区现有的生产技术条件和生产现状,研究国内外露天矿山采区过渡现状,确定三个采区过渡备选方案：下盘固定帮开沟,前期横向布置、东西向推进,后期纵向布置、南北向推进；矿岩接触带开沟,纵向布置,北南向推进；上盘固定帮开沟,由南向北纵向布置。在考虑基建投资、征地费用、运输成本、损失贫化控制、生产剥采比、出矿品位均衡性、采场作业条件、运输道路条件、生产管理等九个指标的前提下,构建评价指标体系；同时,根据主观赋权法和客观赋权法赋予指标权重,并通过灰色关联度法计算各个方案与参考样本之间的关联度,决策出较优方案。通过灵敏度分析,针对指标权重对三个评估方案最终排序结果的灵敏性进行分析,从而可以得到在方案评价中灵敏度较高的指标属性。最后,对较优方案进行优化分析,最终得到乌龙泉矿东西区开采过渡的最优方案。
With the increasing demand for high-quality limestone in Wuhan Iron and Steel, western mining is imperative in Wulongquan mine. As the great changes of the terrain and the geological conditions have taken place in the east and west mining area, and this change will continue to develop.Therefore,it is necessary to systematically study the transition of mining technology and.the spatial boot in order to reasonablely,orderly and sustainablely utilize resources.
To achieve a smooth transition of eastern and western areas,in terms of geological conditions, deposit occurrence features,and the existing production technology and production status, studied transition status of mining area of open pit mine of domestic and international,and determined the transition options of three mining areas.The fixed side ditch in the footwall,early horizontal layout and carrying forward from east to west,later longitudinal layout and carrying forward from south to north; Ore contact zone trenching,longitudinal layout and carrying forward from north to south;the fixed side trenching on the plate,longitudinal layout from south to north. In the premise of considering nine indexes such as infrastruction investment,land acquisition costs,transportation costs,loss dilution control,production stripping ratio,grade balance,stope working conditions,transportation road conditions and production management,constructed evaluation index system;At the same time,in the light of the subjective weighting method and the objective weighting method,the weights of these indexes are given. Calculating the correlation between each scheme and reference samples by Grey correlation method and choosing the optimum scheme.Through sensitivity analysis,against the index weights,analyzed the sensitivity of the final ranking of the three assessment shemes and achieved index properties of higher sensitivity in the scheme evaluation.In the end, Optimal solution of the transition mining is achieved by analyzing the optimum schemes.
引文
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[3]唐廷宇,韩家铧.浅析露天矿山开采的优化途径[J].矿业工程,2008,6(3)：13-14.
[4]Dimitrakopoulos, R, Ramazan, S. Stochastic integer programming for optimising long term production schedules of open pit mines:methods, application and value of stochastic solutions[J]. Mining Technology:Transactions of the Institute of Mining & Metallurgy, Section A,2008,117(4):155-160.
[5]张幼蒂.露天矿剥采进度计划优化研究现状及发展趋势[J].化工矿山技术,1996,25(6)：2-9.
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[7]K..伊拉尔斯兰,N.塞莱比.露天矿优化设计模拟模型(一)[J].矿业工程,2003,1(6)：18-22.
[8]卢雯雯,叶义成,刘明,刘俊艳.露天矿排岩优化的物料调度规划方法探讨[J].资源环境与工程,2007,21(4)：466-470.
[9]魏强,李克民,姚绍武.露天矿物料流规划系统的设计与实现[J].中国矿业大学学报,2003,32(2)：180-182.
[10]张瑞新,高永胜,李海华等.应用递阶优化的方法优化露天矿开采程序[J].煤炭学报,2003,28(5)：491-495.
[11]张瑞新,张幼蒂,李新春,等.层状矿床露天开采工艺系统的优化选择[J].化工矿物与加工,1999,(3)：3-15.
[12]Feng, S., Xu, L.D. Fuzzy Sets and Systems.1999:105,1-12.
[13]刘俊艳,叶义成.综合评价技术在矿业系统中的应用[J].采矿技术,2006,(3)：103-107.
[14]张幼蒂.矿业系统工程的发展与展望[J].金属矿山,2003,(1)：1-3.
[15]张幼蒂.露天采矿系统工程[M].北京：煤炭工业出版社,1989.
[16]三浦武雄,浜冈尊.现代系统工程学导论[M].北京：中国社会科学出版社,1985.
[17]汪应洛.系统工程理论、方法与应用[M].北京：高等教育出版社,1998.
[18]Dillon, Ursula. The Application of a Geographic Information System to Open Pit Mine Planning and Design[J]. Queens'University at Kingston(Canada),2002,(5):19-31.
[19]宋子岭,白润才,伊伯良.市场经济条件下露天矿生产剥采比控制方法[J].辽宁工程技术大学学报(自然科学版),2000,19(5)：454-457.
[20]马进岩.条区转向接续期间排土系统优化[J].露天采煤技术,2002,(6)：9-10.
[21]仇旺令,叶义成.露天矿运输问题优化及其算法[J].化工矿物与加工,2005,(7)：25-27.
[22]李宝祥.金属矿床露天开采[M].北京：冶金工业出版社出版,1992.
[23]北京—冶金工业出版社主编.采矿手册[M].北京—冶金工业出版社,1954.
[24]M2PressWIRE.CSIRO helps redefine large open pit design[EB/OL]. http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=nfh&AN=16PU508743099&site =ehost-live.
[25]Boland, Natashia; Dumitrescu, Irina; Froyland, Gary; Gleixner, Ambros M. LP-based disaggregation approaches to solving the open pit mining production scheduling problem with block processing selectivity[J]. Computers & Operations Research,2009,36(4): 1064-1089.
[26]牛成俊.现代露天开采理论与实践[M].科学出版社,1990.
[27]黄炳林.乌龙泉石灰石矿西区开采境界方案优化研究[D].武汉科技大学硕士学位论文,2009.
[28]王幼珠,叶义成.乌龙泉矿东西区采剥过渡方案决策分析[J].非金属矿.2010,33(199)：70-75.
[29]刘树梅,何锦义.综合评价活动的发展、问题、建议[J].统计研究,2002(12)：50-53.
[30]胡永宏,贺思辉.综合评价方法[M].北京：科学出版社,2000.
[31]叶义成,柯丽华,黄德育.系统综合评价技术及其应用[M].北京：冶金工业出版社,2006.
[32]Wong JK, Li H. Application of the analytic hierarchy process (AHP) in multi-criteria analysis of the selection of intelligent building systems[J]. Building and Environment, 2007:1-18.
[33]Ying-Ming Wang,Ying Luo, Zhongsheng Hua. On the Extent Analysis Method for fuzzy AHP and its applications[J]. Accepted Manuscript,2007:1-17.
[34]韩润春,肖继先.确定权重的最优化方法探讨[J].工业技术经济,2002,(4)：60-61.
[35]A. Bascetin A decision support system using analytical hierarchy process (AHP) for the optimal environmental reclamation of an open-pit mine[J]. Environmental Geology. 2007,52(4):663-672
[36]戴西超,张庆春.综合评价中权重系数确定方法的比较研究[J].煤炭经济研究,2003,33(1)：6.
[37]倪少凯.7种确定评估指标权重方法的比较[J].华南预防医学,2002,28(6)：54-55.
[38]乔琳.熵值法在建筑企业绩效评价中的应用[J].财会通讯,2009,(29)：17.
[39]Liu, Li,Zhou,jianzhong,An,xueli,Zhang,Yongchuan,Yang,Li. Corrigendum to "Using fuzzy theory and information entropy for water quality assessment in three Gorges region, China"[J].Expert Systems Applications,2010,37(6):4720.
[40]Wei Ming, Liu Guo-qing, Wang Cheng-gang, Ge Wen-zhong, Xu Qin. Optimal selection for the weighted coefficients of the constrained variational problems[J]. Applied Mathematics and Mechanics,2003, (24):2-5.
[41]马国顺,何广平.确定权重的主客观综合法[J].西北师范大学学报,2000,36(3)：25-27.
[42]樊治平,赵萱.多属性决策中权重确定的主客观赋权法[J].决策与决策支持系统,1997,7(4)：87-91.
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