基于Internet的摩擦学设计系统研究
|
摘要
摩擦学是研究相对运动的作用表面间的摩擦、润滑和磨损,以及三者间相互关系的理论与应用的一门边缘学科。世界上使用的能源大约有1/3～1/2消耗于摩擦。如果能够尽力减少无用的摩擦消耗,便可大量节省能源。因此,摩擦学设计作为现代设计的重要组成部分,其在机械行业所表现的延长机械产品寿命和提高可靠性方面的作用日益受到人们重视,在设计阶段对摩擦学的需求也日益增多。
摩擦学研究对象广、涉及学科多,因此,经过多年积累的大量摩擦学知识和数据资源分散在不同的学科、不同的地点。这给设计人员的使用带来极大不便。计算机技术、网络技术和数据库技术的飞速发展为各地设计人员广泛共享摩擦学数据资源创造了可能。
本文研究了建设基于网络的摩擦学设计服务系统的相关问题,开发应用软件,各功能模块和应用系统,为实现摩擦学数据资源的网络共享奠定基础。主要创新与研究成果如下:
系统对摩擦学系统和数据特点进行了详尽分析,组织整合了三大类摩擦学数据资源,基本涵盖了摩擦学设计和研究的主要内容,基本满足设计人员的需要;
系统以基础理论为背景,开发了径向滑动轴承流体动力润滑分析系统,提供快捷便利的计算服务,有助于广大设计人员缩短设计周期,提高设计准确性。
系统考虑到矿山机械行业对摩擦学资源的巨大需求,以矿井提升机为背景,尝试开发了多绳提升机防滑设计系统,引入变摩擦系数对运行状态下的提升机进行防滑安全分析,保证生产安全;
系统采用对系统页面加密和防止数据库下载等方法一定程度上解决了网站的安全问题,通过单元测试与综合测试,提高了应用系统的质量。
本文系统的论述了整个系统的开发过程,分别从系统的理论依据、技术支持、开发环境、功能设计、系统开发和测试等方面进行了阐述,并以应用实例演示了系统使用方法。最后对系统的不足进行了总结,并提出了进一步的研究方向。
Tribology is the edge disciplines on the theory and application of the friction, lubrication and wear, as well as the interrelationships of the interacting surfaces with relative motive. The world's energy about 1/3 to 1/2 is consumed in friction. If we can reduce the friction consumption which are useless, energy savings can be substantial. Therefore, as an important component of the modern design, the tribological design attracts the designers’attention on its performance of extending the mechanical products’life and improving products’reliability. The demands of tribology in the design stage are increasing.
Tribology has a wide number of disciplines. Therefore, a lot of tribological knowledge and data resources accumulated after many years scattered in different disciplines and different locations. This gives designers a great inconvenience to use. With the rapid development of computer technology, network technology and database technology, the tribological data resources have been widely shared throughout the designers the entire world.
This paper studies the foundation of the tribological Web-based service system, which is related to the development of application software, the modules’ features and application system. The tribological resources can be obtained from the net. The main innovation and research results are as follows.
Tribological system carries out a detailed analysis of the characteristics of the tribological data, organized and integrated the three main types of data resources of tribology. It covers basic research design and main content. It meets the needs of basic design for staff.
Radial sliding bearing hydrodynamic lubrication analysis system was developed with the background of basic theory. It provides high-speed and efficient computing services which could help the most designers shorten the design cycle and improve the design accuracy.
System takes into account the enormous demand for resources of tribological in the mining machinery industry. It tries to develop the multirope hoist anti-skid design system which takes mine hoist as background. The introduction of variable friction coefficient on the operation of hoist is carried out under the anti-skid safety analysis, which ensures the safety of production.
System uses the page encryption and prevents downloading the database to solve the security to some extent. The adoption of unit testing and synthesize testing improves the quality of the applications.
This article discusses the whole system development process. It elaborates the theoretical basis from the system, technical support, development environment, functional design, system development and testing. The application examples are demonstrated for the use of the system.
Finally, the inadequacies of the system are summarized. And further research directions are given.
摩擦学研究对象广、涉及学科多,因此,经过多年积累的大量摩擦学知识和数据资源分散在不同的学科、不同的地点。这给设计人员的使用带来极大不便。计算机技术、网络技术和数据库技术的飞速发展为各地设计人员广泛共享摩擦学数据资源创造了可能。
本文研究了建设基于网络的摩擦学设计服务系统的相关问题,开发应用软件,各功能模块和应用系统,为实现摩擦学数据资源的网络共享奠定基础。主要创新与研究成果如下:
系统对摩擦学系统和数据特点进行了详尽分析,组织整合了三大类摩擦学数据资源,基本涵盖了摩擦学设计和研究的主要内容,基本满足设计人员的需要;
系统以基础理论为背景,开发了径向滑动轴承流体动力润滑分析系统,提供快捷便利的计算服务,有助于广大设计人员缩短设计周期,提高设计准确性。
系统考虑到矿山机械行业对摩擦学资源的巨大需求,以矿井提升机为背景,尝试开发了多绳提升机防滑设计系统,引入变摩擦系数对运行状态下的提升机进行防滑安全分析,保证生产安全;
系统采用对系统页面加密和防止数据库下载等方法一定程度上解决了网站的安全问题,通过单元测试与综合测试,提高了应用系统的质量。
本文系统的论述了整个系统的开发过程,分别从系统的理论依据、技术支持、开发环境、功能设计、系统开发和测试等方面进行了阐述,并以应用实例演示了系统使用方法。最后对系统的不足进行了总结,并提出了进一步的研究方向。
Tribology is the edge disciplines on the theory and application of the friction, lubrication and wear, as well as the interrelationships of the interacting surfaces with relative motive. The world's energy about 1/3 to 1/2 is consumed in friction. If we can reduce the friction consumption which are useless, energy savings can be substantial. Therefore, as an important component of the modern design, the tribological design attracts the designers’attention on its performance of extending the mechanical products’life and improving products’reliability. The demands of tribology in the design stage are increasing.
Tribology has a wide number of disciplines. Therefore, a lot of tribological knowledge and data resources accumulated after many years scattered in different disciplines and different locations. This gives designers a great inconvenience to use. With the rapid development of computer technology, network technology and database technology, the tribological data resources have been widely shared throughout the designers the entire world.
This paper studies the foundation of the tribological Web-based service system, which is related to the development of application software, the modules’ features and application system. The tribological resources can be obtained from the net. The main innovation and research results are as follows.
Tribological system carries out a detailed analysis of the characteristics of the tribological data, organized and integrated the three main types of data resources of tribology. It covers basic research design and main content. It meets the needs of basic design for staff.
Radial sliding bearing hydrodynamic lubrication analysis system was developed with the background of basic theory. It provides high-speed and efficient computing services which could help the most designers shorten the design cycle and improve the design accuracy.
System takes into account the enormous demand for resources of tribological in the mining machinery industry. It tries to develop the multirope hoist anti-skid design system which takes mine hoist as background. The introduction of variable friction coefficient on the operation of hoist is carried out under the anti-skid safety analysis, which ensures the safety of production.
System uses the page encryption and prevents downloading the database to solve the security to some extent. The adoption of unit testing and synthesize testing improves the quality of the applications.
This article discusses the whole system development process. It elaborates the theoretical basis from the system, technical support, development environment, functional design, system development and testing. The application examples are demonstrated for the use of the system.
Finally, the inadequacies of the system are summarized. And further research directions are given.
引文
[1]谢友柏.现代设计与知识获取[J].中国机械工程,1998 ,7(6):36-41.
[2]李刚,朱华,吴兆宏,葛世荣.现代设计方法在矿山机械设计中的应用[J].矿山机械,2005,33(9):80-82.
[3]谢友柏.论摩擦学数据库[J].润滑与密封,1986(3):1-7.
[4] M. Sedla?ek, B. Podgornik & J. Vi?intin. Tribological properties of DLC coatings and comparison with test results: Development of a database[J], Materials Characterization, 2008,(59): 151-161.
[5]林福严.摩擦学分会的摩擦学数据库建设[A].历史的回顾与启示--摩擦学创立40周年纪念文集[C],2007.
[6]李健,杨俊辉,罗京,孟辉.基于网络的摩擦学设计数据共享平台研究[A].2006全国摩擦学学术会议论文集(一)[C],2006.
[7] Ruff, W.NIST Tribomaterials I (ACTIS) Database[J].NIST Special Publication,1993,(7):40.
[8] Franklin, S. E. & Dickmann, J. A. The Implementation of Tribological Principles in an Expert-System for the Selection of Metallic Materials, Surface Treatments and Coatings in Engineering Design [J], WEAR, 1996, 181-183:1-10.
[9] Baxter, J. ARMES- Abrasion Resistant Materials Expert System[J], Artelligence Pty Ltd., 182 Albert Rd, South Melbourne VIC 3205, Australia.
[10] Chen, Y. M.; A. Drucker, Lieurade, H. P.; Lacote, B. and Sauvage, A.,“Banque de Données Tribologiques (A Numerical Tribological Database)”, CETIM, B.P. 67, F-60304 Senlis Cedex.
[11] Poeton, A.,“ISIS-Surface Coating Selection System”, AT Poeton & Son Ltd., Eastern Avenue, Gloucester GL4 7DN, G. B.
[12] Pflüger, E. and Voumard, P.,“Materials/Tribological Database”, CSEM, Jaquet-Droz 1, CH-2007 Neuchatel.
[13] Xie Youbai. On the Systems Engineering of Tribo-Systems [J]. Chinese Journal ofMechanical Engineering (English Edition), 1996,9(2): 89-99.
[14] Xie Youbai. On the Virtual Reality of Tribology[A]. Proceedings of 3rd International Conference on Surface Engineering, Chengdu[C], China, October 11-13, 2002.
[15]张锋,乔宁,王光耀.材料腐蚀数据库(网络版)的设计与制作[J].腐蚀科学与防护技术,2004,16(3):177-179.
[16] CJ,Thijsse. Synopses of Paper of 15th Leeds-Lyon Symposium On Tribology[J].1988.
[17]孙振华,刘亚忠.轴系部件的网络设计[J].煤矿机械,2005,(3):9-10.
[18]裘建新,王晰巍.网络化设计方法研究综述[J].机械设计,2003,20(3):4-7.
[19]马银戌,张宝俊,陈立新. Web数据库访问技术的探讨研究[J]. 2005,10(3):69-73.
[20] Scott Mitchell. ASP设计[M].北京:中国电力出版社,2001:32-36.
[21] Dino Esposito. ASP数据访问高级编程[M].北京:机械工业出版社,2001:151-162.
[22]冯凤娟. SQL与PL/SQL程序设计基础[M].北京:清华大学出版社,2002:8-9.
[23]张广军,孟惠荣等.摩擦学及其在煤矿机械中的应用[J].中国煤炭,1996(3).
[24]王法能,周晓娟.基于B/S的WEB数据库技术[J].西安外事学院学报,2005,1(1):105-108.
[25]阳国贵,满家巨. Oracle数据库管理与使用教程[M].北京:国防科技大学出版社,1998:22-24.
[26]谢友柏.谢友柏文选——摩擦学、现代设计[M].北京:科学出版社,2005.
[27] Bharat Bhushan.摩擦学导论[M].北京:机械工业出版社,2007.
[28]中国矿业学院.矿井提升设备[M].北京:煤炭工业出版社,1980:141-142.
[29]杨坚.矿井提升运输选型设计[M].北京:煤炭工业出版社,1981:52.
[30]范家骏.矿井多绳提升选型设计[M].北京:煤炭工业出版社,1981:65-74.
[31]杨兆建.多绳摩擦提升机衬垫摩擦系数的试验[J].矿山机械,1992,(1):19-21 .
[32]金华,戴金海,陈琪锋.基于回归正交试验设计的弹翼结构优化设计[J].计算机仿真,2007,24(10):42-44.
[33]杨兆建.提升机衬垫摩擦系数的回归正交优化设计与分析[J].矿山机械,1990(11):18-23 .
[34]周廼荣,严万生.矿山固定机械手册[M].北京:煤炭工业出版社,1986:269-373.
[35]林资琼.关于ASP+ACCESS数据库的安全问题[J].漳州师范学院学报,2005,49(3):33-37.
[36]葛云燕,李新平,霍族亮.矿井提升机制动系统存在的问题与改进[J].煤矿机电,2007(3):66-67
[37] K. Schrems, D. Maclaren, Failure Analysis Of a Mine Hoist Rope[J], Engineering Failure Analysis,1997,4(1):25-38
[38] WANG Hong-yao, HUA Gang, TIAN Jie, Research on Detection Device for Broken Wires of Coal Mine-Hoist Cable[J], China Univ Mining & Technol 2007, 17(3): 0376-0381
[39]赵玉平,鲍酒圣.提升机制动装置摩擦系数实验测试研究[J].煤炭技术,2007.26(4):28-29
[40]陈光银.提升机制动系统的性能优化与协调控制的研究[J],甘肃科技,2006.22(4):102-104
[41]黄文,王耀文.矿井提升机安全制动与防滑安全区域[J],矿山机械,2000(9):33-36
[42]何玩库,郭志勇.摩擦提升防滑配重的摩擦学设计[J],矿山机械,1996(2):13-14
[43]张芹.多绳摩擦提升机的防滑问题探讨[J].煤矿机械,2007.28(5):50-51
[44]李自贵,王正渲,吕济正.多绳摩擦式提升机安全制动防滑校核分析计算[J].煤矿机械,2006.27(2):189-191
[45]王世文,冯继灵,杨兆建,陈风林.弹性钢丝绳理论研究进展[J].力学进展,1999.29(4):486-500
[46]张德坤,葛世荣,朱真才.提升钢丝绳的钢丝微动摩擦磨损特性研究[J].中国矿业大学学报,2002.31(5):367-370
[47]朱旬,葛世荣,索双富,张德坤,孟惠荣.矿山机械应重视摩擦学设计[J].矿山机械,1996(10):49-51
[48] GBl6423—2006,金属非金属矿山安全规程[S].北京:中国标准出版社,2006.
[49] GB8918—2006,重要用途钢丝绳[S].北京:中国标准出版社,2006.
[50] JB/T10347—2002,摩擦式提升机摩擦衬垫[S].北京:机械工业出版社,2002.
[51] JB/T3721—1999,矿井提升机盘形制动器闸瓦[S].北京:机械工业部机械标准化研究所,1999.
[52] JB/T53523—2000,多绳摩擦式提升机产品质量分等[S].北京:机械科学研究院,2000.
[53] JB8519—1997,矿井提升机和矿用提升绞车盘形制动器[S].北京:机械科学研究院,1997.
[54]吴瑞祥,王之栋等.机械设计基础[M].北京:北京航空航天大学出版社,2005:300-310.
[55]邱宣怀等.机械设计[M].北京:高等教育出版社,1997:333-352.
[56]温诗铸,黄平.摩擦学原理[M].北京:清华大学出版社,2002:100-107.
[57]黄平.摩擦学教程[M].北京:高等教育出版社,2008:265-270.
[2]李刚,朱华,吴兆宏,葛世荣.现代设计方法在矿山机械设计中的应用[J].矿山机械,2005,33(9):80-82.
[3]谢友柏.论摩擦学数据库[J].润滑与密封,1986(3):1-7.
[4] M. Sedla?ek, B. Podgornik & J. Vi?intin. Tribological properties of DLC coatings and comparison with test results: Development of a database[J], Materials Characterization, 2008,(59): 151-161.
[5]林福严.摩擦学分会的摩擦学数据库建设[A].历史的回顾与启示--摩擦学创立40周年纪念文集[C],2007.
[6]李健,杨俊辉,罗京,孟辉.基于网络的摩擦学设计数据共享平台研究[A].2006全国摩擦学学术会议论文集(一)[C],2006.
[7] Ruff, W.NIST Tribomaterials I (ACTIS) Database[J].NIST Special Publication,1993,(7):40.
[8] Franklin, S. E. & Dickmann, J. A. The Implementation of Tribological Principles in an Expert-System for the Selection of Metallic Materials, Surface Treatments and Coatings in Engineering Design [J], WEAR, 1996, 181-183:1-10.
[9] Baxter, J. ARMES- Abrasion Resistant Materials Expert System[J], Artelligence Pty Ltd., 182 Albert Rd, South Melbourne VIC 3205, Australia.
[10] Chen, Y. M.; A. Drucker, Lieurade, H. P.; Lacote, B. and Sauvage, A.,“Banque de Données Tribologiques (A Numerical Tribological Database)”, CETIM, B.P. 67, F-60304 Senlis Cedex.
[11] Poeton, A.,“ISIS-Surface Coating Selection System”, AT Poeton & Son Ltd., Eastern Avenue, Gloucester GL4 7DN, G. B.
[12] Pflüger, E. and Voumard, P.,“Materials/Tribological Database”, CSEM, Jaquet-Droz 1, CH-2007 Neuchatel.
[13] Xie Youbai. On the Systems Engineering of Tribo-Systems [J]. Chinese Journal ofMechanical Engineering (English Edition), 1996,9(2): 89-99.
[14] Xie Youbai. On the Virtual Reality of Tribology[A]. Proceedings of 3rd International Conference on Surface Engineering, Chengdu[C], China, October 11-13, 2002.
[15]张锋,乔宁,王光耀.材料腐蚀数据库(网络版)的设计与制作[J].腐蚀科学与防护技术,2004,16(3):177-179.
[16] CJ,Thijsse. Synopses of Paper of 15th Leeds-Lyon Symposium On Tribology[J].1988.
[17]孙振华,刘亚忠.轴系部件的网络设计[J].煤矿机械,2005,(3):9-10.
[18]裘建新,王晰巍.网络化设计方法研究综述[J].机械设计,2003,20(3):4-7.
[19]马银戌,张宝俊,陈立新. Web数据库访问技术的探讨研究[J]. 2005,10(3):69-73.
[20] Scott Mitchell. ASP设计[M].北京:中国电力出版社,2001:32-36.
[21] Dino Esposito. ASP数据访问高级编程[M].北京:机械工业出版社,2001:151-162.
[22]冯凤娟. SQL与PL/SQL程序设计基础[M].北京:清华大学出版社,2002:8-9.
[23]张广军,孟惠荣等.摩擦学及其在煤矿机械中的应用[J].中国煤炭,1996(3).
[24]王法能,周晓娟.基于B/S的WEB数据库技术[J].西安外事学院学报,2005,1(1):105-108.
[25]阳国贵,满家巨. Oracle数据库管理与使用教程[M].北京:国防科技大学出版社,1998:22-24.
[26]谢友柏.谢友柏文选——摩擦学、现代设计[M].北京:科学出版社,2005.
[27] Bharat Bhushan.摩擦学导论[M].北京:机械工业出版社,2007.
[28]中国矿业学院.矿井提升设备[M].北京:煤炭工业出版社,1980:141-142.
[29]杨坚.矿井提升运输选型设计[M].北京:煤炭工业出版社,1981:52.
[30]范家骏.矿井多绳提升选型设计[M].北京:煤炭工业出版社,1981:65-74.
[31]杨兆建.多绳摩擦提升机衬垫摩擦系数的试验[J].矿山机械,1992,(1):19-21 .
[32]金华,戴金海,陈琪锋.基于回归正交试验设计的弹翼结构优化设计[J].计算机仿真,2007,24(10):42-44.
[33]杨兆建.提升机衬垫摩擦系数的回归正交优化设计与分析[J].矿山机械,1990(11):18-23 .
[34]周廼荣,严万生.矿山固定机械手册[M].北京:煤炭工业出版社,1986:269-373.
[35]林资琼.关于ASP+ACCESS数据库的安全问题[J].漳州师范学院学报,2005,49(3):33-37.
[36]葛云燕,李新平,霍族亮.矿井提升机制动系统存在的问题与改进[J].煤矿机电,2007(3):66-67
[37] K. Schrems, D. Maclaren, Failure Analysis Of a Mine Hoist Rope[J], Engineering Failure Analysis,1997,4(1):25-38
[38] WANG Hong-yao, HUA Gang, TIAN Jie, Research on Detection Device for Broken Wires of Coal Mine-Hoist Cable[J], China Univ Mining & Technol 2007, 17(3): 0376-0381
[39]赵玉平,鲍酒圣.提升机制动装置摩擦系数实验测试研究[J].煤炭技术,2007.26(4):28-29
[40]陈光银.提升机制动系统的性能优化与协调控制的研究[J],甘肃科技,2006.22(4):102-104
[41]黄文,王耀文.矿井提升机安全制动与防滑安全区域[J],矿山机械,2000(9):33-36
[42]何玩库,郭志勇.摩擦提升防滑配重的摩擦学设计[J],矿山机械,1996(2):13-14
[43]张芹.多绳摩擦提升机的防滑问题探讨[J].煤矿机械,2007.28(5):50-51
[44]李自贵,王正渲,吕济正.多绳摩擦式提升机安全制动防滑校核分析计算[J].煤矿机械,2006.27(2):189-191
[45]王世文,冯继灵,杨兆建,陈风林.弹性钢丝绳理论研究进展[J].力学进展,1999.29(4):486-500
[46]张德坤,葛世荣,朱真才.提升钢丝绳的钢丝微动摩擦磨损特性研究[J].中国矿业大学学报,2002.31(5):367-370
[47]朱旬,葛世荣,索双富,张德坤,孟惠荣.矿山机械应重视摩擦学设计[J].矿山机械,1996(10):49-51
[48] GBl6423—2006,金属非金属矿山安全规程[S].北京:中国标准出版社,2006.
[49] GB8918—2006,重要用途钢丝绳[S].北京:中国标准出版社,2006.
[50] JB/T10347—2002,摩擦式提升机摩擦衬垫[S].北京:机械工业出版社,2002.
[51] JB/T3721—1999,矿井提升机盘形制动器闸瓦[S].北京:机械工业部机械标准化研究所,1999.
[52] JB/T53523—2000,多绳摩擦式提升机产品质量分等[S].北京:机械科学研究院,2000.
[53] JB8519—1997,矿井提升机和矿用提升绞车盘形制动器[S].北京:机械科学研究院,1997.
[54]吴瑞祥,王之栋等.机械设计基础[M].北京:北京航空航天大学出版社,2005:300-310.
[55]邱宣怀等.机械设计[M].北京:高等教育出版社,1997:333-352.
[56]温诗铸,黄平.摩擦学原理[M].北京:清华大学出版社,2002:100-107.
[57]黄平.摩擦学教程[M].北京:高等教育出版社,2008:265-270.