湖南省桃江泗里河锑（金）矿床地质特征与控矿因素研究
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摘要
泗里河锑(金)矿区地处湖南省益阳市桃江县,该矿为一已开采近百年的老矿山。矿区内出露的地层主要为上元古界板溪群五强溪组,锑金矿化主要产于其中段底部一、二亚段中。
本论文从泗里河锑(金)矿区的区域成矿地质背景分析入手,应用岩石学、构造地质学、矿床学、微量元素地球化学、矿床地球化学等多学科知识,对于泗里河锑(金)矿区成矿地质条件、矿床地质特征、矿床地球化学特征、矿床成因、控矿因素与成矿规律等内容进行了深入系统的研究,取得了如下主要认识:
1、通过对区域和矿区构造演化进行系统分析,认为区域上至少经历了三次大的构造运动,即武陵、雪峰、加里东三次大的壳体运动,使构造展布以近东西向、北东向和北北东向最发育,为成矿创造了有利条件。
2、成矿主要受元古界板溪群五强溪组中段含矿层位及断裂(褶皱)构造双重因素控制,同时岩浆活动与矿化的关系也较为密切。矿脉主要受构造(东西向容矿断裂、缓倾斜层间破碎带)控制。
3、各样品之间微量元素含量具有明显的相似性,认为本区Sb、Au的成矿物质来源可能直接从地层或花岗斑岩岩脉中萃取。
4、根据包裹体气、液相成份分析,结合包体测温资料,认为本区成矿流体的类型主要为深源中低温低盐度的Ca~(2+)—Na~+—K~+—F~-—Cl~-—SO_4~(2-)型岩浆热水混合溶液。
5、建立了新的成矿模式,并提出泗里河锑(金)矿床的成因类型为具有多因素控制、多矿质来源、多矿化阶段、以岩浆热液成矿作用为主导的多因复成锑(金)矿床。
Silihe stibium(gold) mining area has been extract for one hundred years,which is located at Taojiang county of Yiyang city in Hunan province.The strata exposed in the mining site are the Wuqiangxi Formation of Upper Proterozoic Banxi Group.The Sb-Au ores mainly distributes between the first and second sub-strata at the bottom of the middle formation.
On the basis of analyzing the ore-forming geological backgrounds of Silihe mining area,in combination with the key-knowledges on petrology,tectonics,ore mineralogy,trace elements,deposits geochemistry,and so on,the author has done deeply researches on the ore-forming conditions,geological and geochemical features,causes of the Sb-Au deposits,ore-controlling factors and laws of mineralization. The main achievements are as follows:
1.According to the systematic analyses on the tectonic evolutions in this region,the author believes that there exsited three big tectonic movements,including Wuling,Xuefeng and Caledonian ones,which made the structures spreading along EW,NE and NNE trending,and which resulted in the advantages for mineralizing in this area.
2.Mineralization is mainly controlled by two factors-mesomere ledge horizons and ruptures of the Wuqiangxi Formation of Upper Proterozoic Banxi Group,and Magmation is highly related with ore-forming as well.The ore-veins in this area are mainly controlled by structures(ore-containing fault along EW trending、gently inclined interlayer fracture zone).
3.From the obvious similarities of trace element contents among samples,which means resources of mineralization can be extracted directly from stratums and dikes of granite porphyry.
4.By means of studies on the vapor-liquid contents of the inclusions, together with temperatures of the inclusions,which shows that the type of the mineralizing liquids is a mixed solution of lava and hot water of deep sources which belongs to the medium-low temperature and low salinity Ca~(2+)—Na~+—K~+—F~-—Cl~-—SO_4~(2-).
5.According to the aboves,the author has established a new metallogenic model,and pointed out that the genetic types of Silihe Sb-Au deposits are polygenetic compound ones,which are multi-factors controlled,multi-resources and multi-stages mineralized.
本论文从泗里河锑(金)矿区的区域成矿地质背景分析入手,应用岩石学、构造地质学、矿床学、微量元素地球化学、矿床地球化学等多学科知识,对于泗里河锑(金)矿区成矿地质条件、矿床地质特征、矿床地球化学特征、矿床成因、控矿因素与成矿规律等内容进行了深入系统的研究,取得了如下主要认识:
1、通过对区域和矿区构造演化进行系统分析,认为区域上至少经历了三次大的构造运动,即武陵、雪峰、加里东三次大的壳体运动,使构造展布以近东西向、北东向和北北东向最发育,为成矿创造了有利条件。
2、成矿主要受元古界板溪群五强溪组中段含矿层位及断裂(褶皱)构造双重因素控制,同时岩浆活动与矿化的关系也较为密切。矿脉主要受构造(东西向容矿断裂、缓倾斜层间破碎带)控制。
3、各样品之间微量元素含量具有明显的相似性,认为本区Sb、Au的成矿物质来源可能直接从地层或花岗斑岩岩脉中萃取。
4、根据包裹体气、液相成份分析,结合包体测温资料,认为本区成矿流体的类型主要为深源中低温低盐度的Ca~(2+)—Na~+—K~+—F~-—Cl~-—SO_4~(2-)型岩浆热水混合溶液。
5、建立了新的成矿模式,并提出泗里河锑(金)矿床的成因类型为具有多因素控制、多矿质来源、多矿化阶段、以岩浆热液成矿作用为主导的多因复成锑(金)矿床。
Silihe stibium(gold) mining area has been extract for one hundred years,which is located at Taojiang county of Yiyang city in Hunan province.The strata exposed in the mining site are the Wuqiangxi Formation of Upper Proterozoic Banxi Group.The Sb-Au ores mainly distributes between the first and second sub-strata at the bottom of the middle formation.
On the basis of analyzing the ore-forming geological backgrounds of Silihe mining area,in combination with the key-knowledges on petrology,tectonics,ore mineralogy,trace elements,deposits geochemistry,and so on,the author has done deeply researches on the ore-forming conditions,geological and geochemical features,causes of the Sb-Au deposits,ore-controlling factors and laws of mineralization. The main achievements are as follows:
1.According to the systematic analyses on the tectonic evolutions in this region,the author believes that there exsited three big tectonic movements,including Wuling,Xuefeng and Caledonian ones,which made the structures spreading along EW,NE and NNE trending,and which resulted in the advantages for mineralizing in this area.
2.Mineralization is mainly controlled by two factors-mesomere ledge horizons and ruptures of the Wuqiangxi Formation of Upper Proterozoic Banxi Group,and Magmation is highly related with ore-forming as well.The ore-veins in this area are mainly controlled by structures(ore-containing fault along EW trending、gently inclined interlayer fracture zone).
3.From the obvious similarities of trace element contents among samples,which means resources of mineralization can be extracted directly from stratums and dikes of granite porphyry.
4.By means of studies on the vapor-liquid contents of the inclusions, together with temperatures of the inclusions,which shows that the type of the mineralizing liquids is a mixed solution of lava and hot water of deep sources which belongs to the medium-low temperature and low salinity Ca~(2+)—Na~+—K~+—F~-—Cl~-—SO_4~(2-).
5.According to the aboves,the author has established a new metallogenic model,and pointed out that the genetic types of Silihe Sb-Au deposits are polygenetic compound ones,which are multi-factors controlled,multi-resources and multi-stages mineralized.
引文
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