离心泵现代设计方法研究和工程实现
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摘要
本文以离心泵设计方法为研究对象,立足于改进的传统设计方法和利用CFD计算流体力学方法,对离心泵现代设计方法的具体内容进行理论研究和试验研究。
通过对离心泵传统设计方法的分析,结合CFD计算流体力学技术的快速发展,提出了离心泵的现代设计方法,现代设计方法是基于传统设计方法、CFD计算流体力学、试验手段的一种设计方法。
分析介绍了相似换算法和速度系数法提高和改进的设计方案,重点提出了三个方面的设计内容:一是高汽蚀性能水力模型库的设计;二是性能曲线无驼峰的设计新方法;三是无过载设计新方法。
完整描述了高汽蚀性能水力模型库的结构及高汽蚀性能水力模型的设计过程,建立了单级泵和多级泵高汽蚀性能水力模型库。
分析了离心泵实际流量扬程曲线的形成过程,数学推导了理论流量扬程曲线斜率与驼峰的关系,提出了比转速与斜率大小的关系曲线。
通过对离心泵实际应用和过载现象的分析,提出了无过载设计的新思想以及进行无过载设计的方法和措施。
结合CFD计算流体力学的最新进展,介绍了对离心泵内部流动进行数值模拟的基本理论及方法。
应用CFD计算流体力学技术对离心泵内部流动进行了数值模拟分析,并结合经验公式对离心泵的水力性能和汽蚀性能进行了数值预测。预测结果与试验结果基本一致。
应用本文提出的离心泵现代设计方法设计了四个不同水力模型,并进行试验验证,四种水力模型均达到设计要求。
本论文的研究初步建立了离心泵的现代设计方法体系,并在文中最后指出了研究中的不足之处,对今后如何进一步完善研究工作进行了展望。
The purpose of this thesis is focused on the modern design method of centrifugal pump, which base on the improved traditional design method, experimental technology and Computational Fluid Dynamics (CFD) technology.The modern design method of centrifugal pump was produced by the analysis of the traditional design method and taking advantage of the rapid development of the CFD technology. Detailed contents and methods of modern design of centrifugal pump were studied, and it was used to design new pump models which took on better performance than the traditional products.The schemes to mend and improve affinity law and velocity coefficient method of centrifugal pump were analyzed, and the traditional design method was improved through three aspects as follows: 1) design on database of hydraulic model with excellent cavitation characteristic;2) design on the performance curve of pump without hump;3) design on non-overload pump.The structure of database of hydraulic model with excellent cavitation characteristic and the design process of the database are completely described, and the building of illustrational database of the single-stage pump and multi-stage pump were presented.With the analysis of forming mechanism of the actual Quantity - Head curve of centrifugal pump, the relation of slope and hump of theoretical Quantity - Head curve of centrifugal pump was derived mathematically, and the relation of specific speed and curve slope was presented.Through the analysis of the practical applications and overload phenomena of the centrifugal pump, the new thought of non-overload design method was presented, and the methods to precede the non-overload characteristic were studied.By taking advantage of the newly improvement of CFD technology, the basic theories and methods of numerical simulation of internal flow of the centrifugal pump were introduced.The internal flow of the centrifugal pump was simulated by applying the CFD software and the hydraulic performance and cavitation performance were predicted based on the numerical results of flow field. The results of prediction and the results of test are preferable similar.Finally, four different hydraulic models were designed by applying the modern design method of centrifugal pump presented in this paper. The test results show that the new development models achieve the requirements of design perfectly.The work of this paper builds the preliminary modern design method of centrifugal pump, points out the shortcomings of current research at the end of the paper, and forecasts the further improvement of correlative work.
通过对离心泵传统设计方法的分析,结合CFD计算流体力学技术的快速发展,提出了离心泵的现代设计方法,现代设计方法是基于传统设计方法、CFD计算流体力学、试验手段的一种设计方法。
分析介绍了相似换算法和速度系数法提高和改进的设计方案,重点提出了三个方面的设计内容:一是高汽蚀性能水力模型库的设计;二是性能曲线无驼峰的设计新方法;三是无过载设计新方法。
完整描述了高汽蚀性能水力模型库的结构及高汽蚀性能水力模型的设计过程,建立了单级泵和多级泵高汽蚀性能水力模型库。
分析了离心泵实际流量扬程曲线的形成过程,数学推导了理论流量扬程曲线斜率与驼峰的关系,提出了比转速与斜率大小的关系曲线。
通过对离心泵实际应用和过载现象的分析,提出了无过载设计的新思想以及进行无过载设计的方法和措施。
结合CFD计算流体力学的最新进展,介绍了对离心泵内部流动进行数值模拟的基本理论及方法。
应用CFD计算流体力学技术对离心泵内部流动进行了数值模拟分析,并结合经验公式对离心泵的水力性能和汽蚀性能进行了数值预测。预测结果与试验结果基本一致。
应用本文提出的离心泵现代设计方法设计了四个不同水力模型,并进行试验验证,四种水力模型均达到设计要求。
本论文的研究初步建立了离心泵的现代设计方法体系,并在文中最后指出了研究中的不足之处,对今后如何进一步完善研究工作进行了展望。
The purpose of this thesis is focused on the modern design method of centrifugal pump, which base on the improved traditional design method, experimental technology and Computational Fluid Dynamics (CFD) technology.The modern design method of centrifugal pump was produced by the analysis of the traditional design method and taking advantage of the rapid development of the CFD technology. Detailed contents and methods of modern design of centrifugal pump were studied, and it was used to design new pump models which took on better performance than the traditional products.The schemes to mend and improve affinity law and velocity coefficient method of centrifugal pump were analyzed, and the traditional design method was improved through three aspects as follows: 1) design on database of hydraulic model with excellent cavitation characteristic;2) design on the performance curve of pump without hump;3) design on non-overload pump.The structure of database of hydraulic model with excellent cavitation characteristic and the design process of the database are completely described, and the building of illustrational database of the single-stage pump and multi-stage pump were presented.With the analysis of forming mechanism of the actual Quantity - Head curve of centrifugal pump, the relation of slope and hump of theoretical Quantity - Head curve of centrifugal pump was derived mathematically, and the relation of specific speed and curve slope was presented.Through the analysis of the practical applications and overload phenomena of the centrifugal pump, the new thought of non-overload design method was presented, and the methods to precede the non-overload characteristic were studied.By taking advantage of the newly improvement of CFD technology, the basic theories and methods of numerical simulation of internal flow of the centrifugal pump were introduced.The internal flow of the centrifugal pump was simulated by applying the CFD software and the hydraulic performance and cavitation performance were predicted based on the numerical results of flow field. The results of prediction and the results of test are preferable similar.Finally, four different hydraulic models were designed by applying the modern design method of centrifugal pump presented in this paper. The test results show that the new development models achieve the requirements of design perfectly.The work of this paper builds the preliminary modern design method of centrifugal pump, points out the shortcomings of current research at the end of the paper, and forecasts the further improvement of correlative work.
引文
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