基于知识网络的企业网络化创新能力研究
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摘要
为了应对日益复杂和多变的市场和技术环境,越来越多的企业开始实施外源化战略,即通过各种企业网络从外部获取关键的资源,这一趋势促成了企业技术创新过程从线性模型向网络化模式的根本性转变。供应链协作网络、外包网络、战略联盟、产业集群等各种网络组织的兴旺发达充分证明了网络已经成为企业竞争力的重要来源之一,成为新一代技术创新活动的重要渠道和载体。近年来,对于企业网络的研究逐渐增多,并且开始涉及知识网络的探讨。在我国,关于网络化创新和知识网络的研究大多还处于理论探索阶段,以网络关系研究和网络结构研究为主要研究领域,对于知识网络的系统性分析和实证研究还并不多见。因此,从技术创新的本源——知识这一角度对企业网络以及企业技术创新活动进行深入而全面解析和研究非常必要。
本文综合运用文献研究法、问卷调查法和统计分析方法对基于知识网络的企业网络化创新能力进行了一系列研究工作,取得了如下研究成果:
1.本研究突破以往研究企业技术创新优势的环境范式和资源范式,结合前人的研究成果,探讨了知识网络促进企业技术创新绩效的内在机制,强调在知识经济时代,知识网络已经成为企业获取技术创新优势的重要来源之一。
2.本研究以知识及知识活动的相关要素为基本研究对象,综合运用了技术创新理论、企业网络理论、知识网络理论等领域的先进研究成果,构建了企业的知识网络系统模型。该模型在以往以关系要素为主要研究对象的理论体系内又发展了包括环境要素、主体要素、资源要素以及情境要素在内的共五大知识网络要素。同时,在模型中反映了网络要素质量影响网络结构的构建机制以及网络要素质量影响网络过程效率的过程机制两个主要的网络机制。
3.为了定量分析和验证企业的知识网络系统模型,本研究从实证的角度,采用了大规模实证研究,利用因子分析、相关分析和SEM结构方程建模等现代统计分析工具验证了企业知识网络对于技术创新绩效的内在作用机制,同时系统探讨了从网络构成要素到网络结构特征的知识网络构建机制以及从知识网络构成要素到网络过程效率的知识网络过程机制,寻找出要素、结构、过程以及绩效之间的路径关系。这一机理模型的提出有利于进一步完善知识网络理论,也为我国大量的企业和产业园区提升网络化创新能力提供了具有实践指导意义的参考框架。
In response to the increasingly complex and volatile market and technology environment, more and more enterprises begin the implementation of the out-sourcing strategy. They access to critical resources through various firm networks and promote their innovation model from linear to network fundamentally. The property of all kinds of networks, such as supply chain collaboration network, outsourcing network, strategic alliances, industry clusters and so on fully proved networks have become an important source of competitiveness. Network, especially knowledge network, as a new incubator and channel of the new innovation model, has become a hotspot of research. In China, the research of knowledge network and networking innovation are mostly based on the theoretical exploration stage, and take the network relation and structure as the main areas of research. The empirical and systematic research is rare. Therefore the firms networks research based on the perspective of knowledge, which is the origin of innovation, is necessary.
With literature research, questionnaire investigation, typical case study, mathematic statistic and SEM model, the main content and results of this research are listed as follows:
Firstly, this dissertation breaks through the environment paradigm and source paradigm for the research on innovation advantages. Based on the previous research results, this dissertation analyses the networking innovation mechanism and stresses that knowledge network has become an important source of innovation advantage in the era of knowledge economy.
Secondly, by using the theory of technology innovation, firm network and knowledge network, this dissertation studies the knowledge and the basic elements of knowledge activities and builds a firm knowledge network system model. Besides the relation element, which is the main content of past theoretical research, this model develops five elements of knowledge network including environment element, agent element, resource element and context element. Base on this model, we construct the construction mechanism between elements quality and network structure, and process mechanism between element quality and process efficiency.
Thirdly, to settle and validate these problems and hypothesizes, based on literature research, the author implements large-scale empirical research. By using factor analysis, correlation analysis and SEM structural equation modeling, this dissertation validates the internal mechanism between firm knowledge network and innovation performance, the construction mechanism between elements quality and network structure, and process mechanism between element quality and process efficiency. The path relations among the elements, structure, process and performance of firm knowledge network is found out. This model is conducive to improve the knowledge network theory, and provides a referece framework for Chinese enterprises and industry parks to upgrade their innovation capability.
本文综合运用文献研究法、问卷调查法和统计分析方法对基于知识网络的企业网络化创新能力进行了一系列研究工作,取得了如下研究成果:
1.本研究突破以往研究企业技术创新优势的环境范式和资源范式,结合前人的研究成果,探讨了知识网络促进企业技术创新绩效的内在机制,强调在知识经济时代,知识网络已经成为企业获取技术创新优势的重要来源之一。
2.本研究以知识及知识活动的相关要素为基本研究对象,综合运用了技术创新理论、企业网络理论、知识网络理论等领域的先进研究成果,构建了企业的知识网络系统模型。该模型在以往以关系要素为主要研究对象的理论体系内又发展了包括环境要素、主体要素、资源要素以及情境要素在内的共五大知识网络要素。同时,在模型中反映了网络要素质量影响网络结构的构建机制以及网络要素质量影响网络过程效率的过程机制两个主要的网络机制。
3.为了定量分析和验证企业的知识网络系统模型,本研究从实证的角度,采用了大规模实证研究,利用因子分析、相关分析和SEM结构方程建模等现代统计分析工具验证了企业知识网络对于技术创新绩效的内在作用机制,同时系统探讨了从网络构成要素到网络结构特征的知识网络构建机制以及从知识网络构成要素到网络过程效率的知识网络过程机制,寻找出要素、结构、过程以及绩效之间的路径关系。这一机理模型的提出有利于进一步完善知识网络理论,也为我国大量的企业和产业园区提升网络化创新能力提供了具有实践指导意义的参考框架。
In response to the increasingly complex and volatile market and technology environment, more and more enterprises begin the implementation of the out-sourcing strategy. They access to critical resources through various firm networks and promote their innovation model from linear to network fundamentally. The property of all kinds of networks, such as supply chain collaboration network, outsourcing network, strategic alliances, industry clusters and so on fully proved networks have become an important source of competitiveness. Network, especially knowledge network, as a new incubator and channel of the new innovation model, has become a hotspot of research. In China, the research of knowledge network and networking innovation are mostly based on the theoretical exploration stage, and take the network relation and structure as the main areas of research. The empirical and systematic research is rare. Therefore the firms networks research based on the perspective of knowledge, which is the origin of innovation, is necessary.
With literature research, questionnaire investigation, typical case study, mathematic statistic and SEM model, the main content and results of this research are listed as follows:
Firstly, this dissertation breaks through the environment paradigm and source paradigm for the research on innovation advantages. Based on the previous research results, this dissertation analyses the networking innovation mechanism and stresses that knowledge network has become an important source of innovation advantage in the era of knowledge economy.
Secondly, by using the theory of technology innovation, firm network and knowledge network, this dissertation studies the knowledge and the basic elements of knowledge activities and builds a firm knowledge network system model. Besides the relation element, which is the main content of past theoretical research, this model develops five elements of knowledge network including environment element, agent element, resource element and context element. Base on this model, we construct the construction mechanism between elements quality and network structure, and process mechanism between element quality and process efficiency.
Thirdly, to settle and validate these problems and hypothesizes, based on literature research, the author implements large-scale empirical research. By using factor analysis, correlation analysis and SEM structural equation modeling, this dissertation validates the internal mechanism between firm knowledge network and innovation performance, the construction mechanism between elements quality and network structure, and process mechanism between element quality and process efficiency. The path relations among the elements, structure, process and performance of firm knowledge network is found out. This model is conducive to improve the knowledge network theory, and provides a referece framework for Chinese enterprises and industry parks to upgrade their innovation capability.
引文
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