动磁式直线压缩机理论与试验研究
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摘要
本论文从开发高效制冷压缩机以实现电冰箱环保和节能的需要出发,以动磁式直线压缩机为主要研究对象,在查阅国内外大量文献,吸收相关学科的新思想、新理论、新方法、新技术的基础上,研制了一台电冰箱用动磁式直线压缩机样机,并采用理论研究、计算机仿真与实验研究相结合的研究方法,系统地进行了压缩机动力学分析、设计、优化、控制和相应的技术基础研究与试验研究。
在分析直线电动机机电能量转换规律的基础上,分别采用等效磁路法和基于等效体电流密度的磁场解析法两种方法,建立了动磁式直线振荡电动机数学模型,描述了电机电—磁—力之间的内在关系,重点推导了电机磁链与电磁推力公式,并与有限元数值分析进行了对比验证。
在分析动磁式直线压缩机工作原理的基础上,建立了压缩机的动力学模型,分别采用简单线性化和描述函数法两种方法对气体力进行了线性化,并与非线性的动力学模型进行了比较。采用描述函数法对气体力进行线性化得到的系统当量线性模型能基本反映系统的真实性能,从而有利于进一步分析压缩机的一些动态特性,为建立压缩机一套完整的设计和控制方法奠定了基础。在系统当量线性模型基础上进行的压缩机系统振动特性分析表明:动磁式直线压缩机必须工作在动子共振区域才能最有效地吸收激振能量。
在对动磁式直线压缩机理论分析的基础上,建立了一套动磁式直线压缩机的理论设计方法。重点对弹簧谐振频率、线圈电流密度、永磁体工作点的选择方法及其对压缩机功率和效率等主要性能的影响进行了分析,并推导了压缩机系统主要结构参数的计算公式。在此基础上研制了一台样机,并对样机进行了空载与负载试验,试验表明动磁式直线压缩机具有较高的效率和节能潜力。
在分析动磁式直线压缩机排气量调节原理和方法的基础上,介绍了通过绕组线圈磁链对压缩机活塞位置进行估计的方法,在此基础上提出了一套采用无位置传感器的压缩机系统控制方法,以实现压缩机活塞行程、余隙、平衡位置以及排气量的自动调节。
论文最后对主要研究成果和创新点进行了总结,进一步展望了未来的研究工作。
The research theme of this dissertation is the designing theory of A Moving Magnet Linear Compressor (MMLC) and its control scheme in order to develop high effective compressor to meet the need of refrigerator's high efficiency and saving energy. Based on a great deal of domestic and overseas information、 the origin thoughts、 new theories and technologies of correlative subjects, A MMLC is made for refrigerator. The dynamics、 designing、 optimization and control strategy as well as some key technologies of the MMLC are studied systematically by combing theoretical analysis 、 computer simulation with experiment.Based on analyzing the mechanical-electricity energy transition laws of the linear Motors, the mathematics model of Moving Magnet Linear Oscillating Motors (MMLOM) is built, with equivalent magnetic circuit and magnetic field resolution based on equivalent body electrical current density respectively. Then the inner essence is described among electricity 、 magnet and force of MMLOM. the flux linkage and the trust formulation of the MMLOM are deduced. Computed results by the proposed model are compared with those generated from finite element method, which shows in good agreements.Based on analyzing the working principal of the MMLC, its dynamic equation is established. The simple linearity approach and the describing function approach are employed to linearize the nonlinear gas force. compared with the nonlinear dynamic equation, system equivalent linear model established by the describing function approach can reflect its real characteristics, furthermore, a few main characteristics of the compressor are analyzing , which lay a foundation on building a set of designing and controlling method of MMLOC. Moreover, compressor system vibration characteristic's analysis shows that MMLOC must work in resonance circumscription in order to absorb electromagnetism energy much effectively.Based on the theory analysis of MMLC, a set of designing method is built, and a MMLC is made and testing under no gas force and gas force respectively. Furthermore, selection
method of spring's resonance frequency> winding electric current density^ permanent magnet average magnetic induction strength and its influence on MMLOC performance is analyzed and main structure parameter's calculating formula is deduced, experimentation indicate that MPMLOC have high efficiency and saving energy potential.Based on analyzing the regulating principal and method of the exhausting capacity of MMLC, a kind of testing method of piston displacement unemployed sense organ based winding flux linkage is proposed. A set of voltage control system is built to control and regulate the piston's displacement remaining displacement and average position to make the auto-regulating of exhausting capacity. Furthermore, control system is also simulated.In the end, the study contents and conclusion of the dissertation have been summarized, and the further research works have been forecast.
在分析直线电动机机电能量转换规律的基础上,分别采用等效磁路法和基于等效体电流密度的磁场解析法两种方法,建立了动磁式直线振荡电动机数学模型,描述了电机电—磁—力之间的内在关系,重点推导了电机磁链与电磁推力公式,并与有限元数值分析进行了对比验证。
在分析动磁式直线压缩机工作原理的基础上,建立了压缩机的动力学模型,分别采用简单线性化和描述函数法两种方法对气体力进行了线性化,并与非线性的动力学模型进行了比较。采用描述函数法对气体力进行线性化得到的系统当量线性模型能基本反映系统的真实性能,从而有利于进一步分析压缩机的一些动态特性,为建立压缩机一套完整的设计和控制方法奠定了基础。在系统当量线性模型基础上进行的压缩机系统振动特性分析表明:动磁式直线压缩机必须工作在动子共振区域才能最有效地吸收激振能量。
在对动磁式直线压缩机理论分析的基础上,建立了一套动磁式直线压缩机的理论设计方法。重点对弹簧谐振频率、线圈电流密度、永磁体工作点的选择方法及其对压缩机功率和效率等主要性能的影响进行了分析,并推导了压缩机系统主要结构参数的计算公式。在此基础上研制了一台样机,并对样机进行了空载与负载试验,试验表明动磁式直线压缩机具有较高的效率和节能潜力。
在分析动磁式直线压缩机排气量调节原理和方法的基础上,介绍了通过绕组线圈磁链对压缩机活塞位置进行估计的方法,在此基础上提出了一套采用无位置传感器的压缩机系统控制方法,以实现压缩机活塞行程、余隙、平衡位置以及排气量的自动调节。
论文最后对主要研究成果和创新点进行了总结,进一步展望了未来的研究工作。
The research theme of this dissertation is the designing theory of A Moving Magnet Linear Compressor (MMLC) and its control scheme in order to develop high effective compressor to meet the need of refrigerator's high efficiency and saving energy. Based on a great deal of domestic and overseas information、 the origin thoughts、 new theories and technologies of correlative subjects, A MMLC is made for refrigerator. The dynamics、 designing、 optimization and control strategy as well as some key technologies of the MMLC are studied systematically by combing theoretical analysis 、 computer simulation with experiment.Based on analyzing the mechanical-electricity energy transition laws of the linear Motors, the mathematics model of Moving Magnet Linear Oscillating Motors (MMLOM) is built, with equivalent magnetic circuit and magnetic field resolution based on equivalent body electrical current density respectively. Then the inner essence is described among electricity 、 magnet and force of MMLOM. the flux linkage and the trust formulation of the MMLOM are deduced. Computed results by the proposed model are compared with those generated from finite element method, which shows in good agreements.Based on analyzing the working principal of the MMLC, its dynamic equation is established. The simple linearity approach and the describing function approach are employed to linearize the nonlinear gas force. compared with the nonlinear dynamic equation, system equivalent linear model established by the describing function approach can reflect its real characteristics, furthermore, a few main characteristics of the compressor are analyzing , which lay a foundation on building a set of designing and controlling method of MMLOC. Moreover, compressor system vibration characteristic's analysis shows that MMLOC must work in resonance circumscription in order to absorb electromagnetism energy much effectively.Based on the theory analysis of MMLC, a set of designing method is built, and a MMLC is made and testing under no gas force and gas force respectively. Furthermore, selection
method of spring's resonance frequency> winding electric current density^ permanent magnet average magnetic induction strength and its influence on MMLOC performance is analyzed and main structure parameter's calculating formula is deduced, experimentation indicate that MPMLOC have high efficiency and saving energy potential.Based on analyzing the regulating principal and method of the exhausting capacity of MMLC, a kind of testing method of piston displacement unemployed sense organ based winding flux linkage is proposed. A set of voltage control system is built to control and regulate the piston's displacement remaining displacement and average position to make the auto-regulating of exhausting capacity. Furthermore, control system is also simulated.In the end, the study contents and conclusion of the dissertation have been summarized, and the further research works have been forecast.
引文
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