SIPGrid网络模型中超级节点服务器的设计与实现
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摘要
目前,SIP协议作为NGN的核心,已成为电信业关注的核心技术之一;P2P技术作为近年来IP领域的热点,正带动大量新兴业务需求。SIPP2P草案通过吸取SIP协议的标准性和P2P技术的分布性等优势,为下一代IP多媒体通信系统提供了更坚实的基础。
本课题针对使用SIP协议或P2P技术实现的通信系统存在的问题,通过研究SIPP2P提出了一个新型的IP多媒体通信系统SIPGrid,该系统是一个“SIP信令集中/媒体流P2P”方式的多媒体通信系统。SIP信令集中有利于监控、计费控制以及呼叫管理等,媒体流P2P方式使得媒体流的传输流畅,从而提高通信质量。
本课题的目标是设计并实现了SIPGrid系统中一个非常重要的功能实体-超级节点服务器。超级节点服务器利用已有的结构化P2P网络OpenDHT提供的接口形成一个覆盖网络,实现了系统中的服务层以及P2P网络层,为系统中的其他功能实体提供中继服务、IP地址类型服务以及STUN服务。主要内容包括:
(1)在SIP协议的标准性和P2P网络分布性的基础上,对SIP与P2P技术融合产生的IP多媒体通信系统进行了介绍,并对相关的SIP要素、实现机制、P2P网络拓扑等进行了全面总结。
(2)研究和介绍了SIPGrid系统,包括系统整体框架,P2P网络的建立、维护和资源定位,媒体中继服务器以及超级节点等功能实体的行为。
(3)根据超级节点服务器在SIPGrid系统中的地位和作用,阐述了超级节点服务器的设计机制,以及功能、消息和所提供的应用服务的设计。
(4)详细介绍了超级节点服务器的事件机制、定时器机制、中继和IP地址类型服务、多级NAT穿越等功能以及交互消息的具体实现,并对主要实现举例说明。
(5)搭建SIPGrid系统测试平台,针对普通SIP终端兼容性、中继服务、IP地址类型服务以及NAT/防火墙穿越等进行功能测试,并对测试结果进行分析,进一步改进通信质量。
Presently as the key protocol used in NGN, SIP is becoming the focus of thetelecom service providers. P2P is a new growing technology which is the focus of IP, and brings lots of applications. SIPP2P combine the advantage of SIP protocol and P2P technic to provide more stable foundation for IP multimedia communication system.
Against problems of systems based on SIP or P2P, the paper advances a new IP multimedia communication system by research of SIPP2P. SIPGrid is a multimedia communication system in mode of signaling centralized and media flow transmitted by P2P. The mode not only avails to monitoring, controlling of charging, management of calling, but also makes transmission of media flow more fluently.
The goal of this paper is to design and realize important function entity SuperNode server in SIPGrid. SuperNode server forms a overlay network by existent structural P2P network OpenDHT and accomplish application layer and P2P network layer to relay, IPType and STUN service for other nodes. Main content contains:
(1)Introduce multimedia communication system of NGN brought by combined SIP with P2P based on the standard of SIP protocol and distribution of P2P network. Summarize SIP element, realization mechanism, topology of P2P network and so on.
(2)Introduce SIPGrid consisting layer framework, foundation, maintenance and resource orientation of P2P network, relay server and action of SuperNode server.
(3)Against function and status of SuperNode server in SIPGrid, address design mechanism, function, message and application service applied by SuperNode.
(4)Detailedly introduce function of SuperNode, such as event mechanism, timer mechanism, relay service, IPType service, multilevel NAT transfer and so on, and realization of message. At the same time illustrate some detailed realization.
(5)Against compatibility of traditional SIP terminal, relay service, IPType service and NAT/Firewall transfer, constitute a test platform of SIPGrid to test function of SuperNode and analyze result of test to improve communication quality.
本课题针对使用SIP协议或P2P技术实现的通信系统存在的问题,通过研究SIPP2P提出了一个新型的IP多媒体通信系统SIPGrid,该系统是一个“SIP信令集中/媒体流P2P”方式的多媒体通信系统。SIP信令集中有利于监控、计费控制以及呼叫管理等,媒体流P2P方式使得媒体流的传输流畅,从而提高通信质量。
本课题的目标是设计并实现了SIPGrid系统中一个非常重要的功能实体-超级节点服务器。超级节点服务器利用已有的结构化P2P网络OpenDHT提供的接口形成一个覆盖网络,实现了系统中的服务层以及P2P网络层,为系统中的其他功能实体提供中继服务、IP地址类型服务以及STUN服务。主要内容包括:
(1)在SIP协议的标准性和P2P网络分布性的基础上,对SIP与P2P技术融合产生的IP多媒体通信系统进行了介绍,并对相关的SIP要素、实现机制、P2P网络拓扑等进行了全面总结。
(2)研究和介绍了SIPGrid系统,包括系统整体框架,P2P网络的建立、维护和资源定位,媒体中继服务器以及超级节点等功能实体的行为。
(3)根据超级节点服务器在SIPGrid系统中的地位和作用,阐述了超级节点服务器的设计机制,以及功能、消息和所提供的应用服务的设计。
(4)详细介绍了超级节点服务器的事件机制、定时器机制、中继和IP地址类型服务、多级NAT穿越等功能以及交互消息的具体实现,并对主要实现举例说明。
(5)搭建SIPGrid系统测试平台,针对普通SIP终端兼容性、中继服务、IP地址类型服务以及NAT/防火墙穿越等进行功能测试,并对测试结果进行分析,进一步改进通信质量。
Presently as the key protocol used in NGN, SIP is becoming the focus of thetelecom service providers. P2P is a new growing technology which is the focus of IP, and brings lots of applications. SIPP2P combine the advantage of SIP protocol and P2P technic to provide more stable foundation for IP multimedia communication system.
Against problems of systems based on SIP or P2P, the paper advances a new IP multimedia communication system by research of SIPP2P. SIPGrid is a multimedia communication system in mode of signaling centralized and media flow transmitted by P2P. The mode not only avails to monitoring, controlling of charging, management of calling, but also makes transmission of media flow more fluently.
The goal of this paper is to design and realize important function entity SuperNode server in SIPGrid. SuperNode server forms a overlay network by existent structural P2P network OpenDHT and accomplish application layer and P2P network layer to relay, IPType and STUN service for other nodes. Main content contains:
(1)Introduce multimedia communication system of NGN brought by combined SIP with P2P based on the standard of SIP protocol and distribution of P2P network. Summarize SIP element, realization mechanism, topology of P2P network and so on.
(2)Introduce SIPGrid consisting layer framework, foundation, maintenance and resource orientation of P2P network, relay server and action of SuperNode server.
(3)Against function and status of SuperNode server in SIPGrid, address design mechanism, function, message and application service applied by SuperNode.
(4)Detailedly introduce function of SuperNode, such as event mechanism, timer mechanism, relay service, IPType service, multilevel NAT transfer and so on, and realization of message. At the same time illustrate some detailed realization.
(5)Against compatibility of traditional SIP terminal, relay service, IPType service and NAT/Firewall transfer, constitute a test platform of SIPGrid to test function of SuperNode and analyze result of test to improve communication quality.
引文
[1] 徐恪、熊永强、吴建平等. 对等网络研究综述. 北京:电子工业出版社,2003.
[2] W.Richard Stevens著. UNIX 网络编程 卷I 套接字联网AP(I中文版 第三版).机械工业出版社,2004 .
[3] W.Richard Stevens 著. UNIX 网络编程 卷Ⅱ 进程间通信(中文版 第二版). 机械工业出版社,2004 .
[4] 吴新安,王芙蓉,戴彬. 基于P2P的SIP的研究与实现. 武汉:华中科技大学电于与信息T程系交换技术与通信软件中心, 430074.
[5] 李运娣,冯勇. 基于DHT的P2P搜索技术定位研究. 四川成都:中国科学院成都分院计算所自动推理实验室,610041.
[6] 杨靖,何永洪. 结构化P2P网络模型的改进. 重庆:重庆邮电大学通信学,400065.
[7] 李楠萼. 一种基于P2P的动态路由机制. 四川成都:电子科技大学计算机学院.
[8] 杨战宏. 对P2P与SIP结合的初步探讨. 中国电信股份有限公司北京研究院北京,100035.
[9] 刘维光,陈立伟. 一种基于DHT的P2P搜索方法. 西南科技大学.
[10] 蒙应杰,王 阳,赵雅洁. 基于Super-peer的P2P流媒体服务系统构架的研究. 甘肃兰州:兰州大学信息科学与工程学院, 73000.
[11] J.Rosenberg,J.Weinberger,C.Huitema,and R.Mahy. STUN:Simple Traversal of User Datagram Protocol(UDP)Through Network Address Translators(NATs). RFC 3489,IETF, Mar.2003:46-61.
[12] J. Rosenberg. Interactive Connectivity Establishment (ICE): A Methodology for Network Address Translator (NAT) Traversal for the Session Initiation Protocol(SIP). Expires: August 16, 2004 February 16, 2004 (2):112-122.
[13] D. Kege. Peer-to-Peer (P2P) communication across middleboxes. Expires: April 27, 2004 P. Srisuresh Caymans Systems October 2003 (3):90-99.
[14] J. Rosenberg, H. Schulzrinne. SIP Traversal through Residential and Enterprise NATs and Firewalls. March 2001 (4):152-160.
[15] Salman Abdul Baset, Henning Schulzrinne. An analysis of the Skype peer-to-peer Internet telephony protocol. Technical Report CUCS-039-04, Computer Science Department, Columbia University, September 2004 (5):111-117.
[16] Bryan, Jennings, Lowekamp. SOSIMPLE:A Serverless,Standards-based,SIPP2PCommunication System. Proceedings of the 2005 International Workshop on Advanced Architectures and Algorithms for Internet Delivery and Applications(AAA-IDEA) 05, June 2005.: 305-325.
[17] J.Rosenberg,R.Mahy,C.Huitema. TURN:traversal usingrelay NAT. Internet draft,Internet Engineering Task Force,July 2004.Work in progress:376-382.
[18] J. Rosenberg, Henning Schulzrinne, G. Camarillo, A. R. Johnston, J. Peterson, R. Sparks, M. Handley, and E. Schooler. SIP: session initiation protocol. RFC 3261, Internet Engineering Task Force, June 2002. (8):360-370.
[19] Kundan Singh and Henning Schulzrinne. Peer-to-peer internet telephony using sip. In NOSSDAV, pages 63–68, 2005 (9):31-33.
[20] I. Stoica, R. Morris, D. Liben-Nowell, D. Karger,M. Frans Kaashoek, F. Dabek, and H. Balakrishnan. Chord:A scalable peer-to-peer lookup protocol for Internet applications. IEEE/ACM Transactions on Networking, 11(1):17-32, Feb 2003.
[21]Stoica,I.,Morris,R.,Liben-Nowell,D.,Karger,D.,Kaashoek,M.,Dabek,F.,and H.Balakrishnan. Chord:A Scalable Peer-to-peer Lookup Service for Internet Applications. IEEE/ACM Transactions on Networking.
[22]Kundan Singh and Henning Schulzrinne. Peer-to-peer Internet telephony using SIP. Department of Computer Science,Columbia University,New York,NY,Oct.2004.
[23]Kundan Singh and Henning Schulzrinne. Using an External DHT as a SIP LocationService. Department of Computer Science,Columbia University,New York,NY.
[24]Henning Schulzrinne, G. Camarillo, M. Frans Kaashoek. OpenDHT:a public distributed hash table service. http://www.opendht.org.
[25]DABEK ET AL. Building Peer-to-peer Systems with Chord,a Distributed LookupService. Proceedings of the 8th Workshop on Hot Topics in Operating Systems(HotOS-VIII),2001.
[26]H. Schulzrinne. Session Initiation Protocol Basic Call Flow Examples. IETF draft-ietf-sippingbasic-call-flows-02.txt,http://www.ietf.org/internet-drafts/draft-ietf-sipping-basiccall-flows-02.txt
[2] W.Richard Stevens著. UNIX 网络编程 卷I 套接字联网AP(I中文版 第三版).机械工业出版社,2004 .
[3] W.Richard Stevens 著. UNIX 网络编程 卷Ⅱ 进程间通信(中文版 第二版). 机械工业出版社,2004 .
[4] 吴新安,王芙蓉,戴彬. 基于P2P的SIP的研究与实现. 武汉:华中科技大学电于与信息T程系交换技术与通信软件中心, 430074.
[5] 李运娣,冯勇. 基于DHT的P2P搜索技术定位研究. 四川成都:中国科学院成都分院计算所自动推理实验室,610041.
[6] 杨靖,何永洪. 结构化P2P网络模型的改进. 重庆:重庆邮电大学通信学,400065.
[7] 李楠萼. 一种基于P2P的动态路由机制. 四川成都:电子科技大学计算机学院.
[8] 杨战宏. 对P2P与SIP结合的初步探讨. 中国电信股份有限公司北京研究院北京,100035.
[9] 刘维光,陈立伟. 一种基于DHT的P2P搜索方法. 西南科技大学.
[10] 蒙应杰,王 阳,赵雅洁. 基于Super-peer的P2P流媒体服务系统构架的研究. 甘肃兰州:兰州大学信息科学与工程学院, 73000.
[11] J.Rosenberg,J.Weinberger,C.Huitema,and R.Mahy. STUN:Simple Traversal of User Datagram Protocol(UDP)Through Network Address Translators(NATs). RFC 3489,IETF, Mar.2003:46-61.
[12] J. Rosenberg. Interactive Connectivity Establishment (ICE): A Methodology for Network Address Translator (NAT) Traversal for the Session Initiation Protocol(SIP). Expires: August 16, 2004 February 16, 2004 (2):112-122.
[13] D. Kege. Peer-to-Peer (P2P) communication across middleboxes. Expires: April 27, 2004 P. Srisuresh Caymans Systems October 2003 (3):90-99.
[14] J. Rosenberg, H. Schulzrinne. SIP Traversal through Residential and Enterprise NATs and Firewalls. March 2001 (4):152-160.
[15] Salman Abdul Baset, Henning Schulzrinne. An analysis of the Skype peer-to-peer Internet telephony protocol. Technical Report CUCS-039-04, Computer Science Department, Columbia University, September 2004 (5):111-117.
[16] Bryan, Jennings, Lowekamp. SOSIMPLE:A Serverless,Standards-based,SIPP2PCommunication System. Proceedings of the 2005 International Workshop on Advanced Architectures and Algorithms for Internet Delivery and Applications(AAA-IDEA) 05, June 2005.: 305-325.
[17] J.Rosenberg,R.Mahy,C.Huitema. TURN:traversal usingrelay NAT. Internet draft,Internet Engineering Task Force,July 2004.Work in progress:376-382.
[18] J. Rosenberg, Henning Schulzrinne, G. Camarillo, A. R. Johnston, J. Peterson, R. Sparks, M. Handley, and E. Schooler. SIP: session initiation protocol. RFC 3261, Internet Engineering Task Force, June 2002. (8):360-370.
[19] Kundan Singh and Henning Schulzrinne. Peer-to-peer internet telephony using sip. In NOSSDAV, pages 63–68, 2005 (9):31-33.
[20] I. Stoica, R. Morris, D. Liben-Nowell, D. Karger,M. Frans Kaashoek, F. Dabek, and H. Balakrishnan. Chord:A scalable peer-to-peer lookup protocol for Internet applications. IEEE/ACM Transactions on Networking, 11(1):17-32, Feb 2003.
[21]Stoica,I.,Morris,R.,Liben-Nowell,D.,Karger,D.,Kaashoek,M.,Dabek,F.,and H.Balakrishnan. Chord:A Scalable Peer-to-peer Lookup Service for Internet Applications. IEEE/ACM Transactions on Networking.
[22]Kundan Singh and Henning Schulzrinne. Peer-to-peer Internet telephony using SIP. Department of Computer Science,Columbia University,New York,NY,Oct.2004.
[23]Kundan Singh and Henning Schulzrinne. Using an External DHT as a SIP LocationService. Department of Computer Science,Columbia University,New York,NY.
[24]Henning Schulzrinne, G. Camarillo, M. Frans Kaashoek. OpenDHT:a public distributed hash table service. http://www.opendht.org.
[25]DABEK ET AL. Building Peer-to-peer Systems with Chord,a Distributed LookupService. Proceedings of the 8th Workshop on Hot Topics in Operating Systems(HotOS-VIII),2001.
[26]H. Schulzrinne. Session Initiation Protocol Basic Call Flow Examples. IETF draft-ietf-sippingbasic-call-flows-02.txt,http://www.ietf.org/internet-drafts/draft-ietf-sipping-basiccall-flows-02.txt