耐温抗盐表面活性剂驱油体系研究
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摘要
表面活性剂驱提高采收率技术在国内外油田取得了较为广泛的应用,取得了良好的经济和社会效益。但目前常用的驱油表面活性剂大多耐温抗盐能力较差,不能适用于高温、高盐储层,使其应用范围受到了一定限制。开展耐温抗盐表面活性剂驱油体系的研究,对扩大表面活性剂驱油的范围和提高采收率效果具有重要的意义。本文首先室内考察了单一表面活性剂的表面活性、界面活性以及乳化性,并对性能优越的表面活性剂APG的吸附量、生物毒性进行评价,非离子型表面活性剂较离子型表面活性剂的临界胶束浓度低,与碱复配后降低界面张力的效果优于阴离子型表面活性剂;非离子型表面活性剂的乳化力强于离子型表面活性剂,乳化力达87.0%;APG静态吸附量为0.846mg/g砂,动态吸附量为0.123mg/g砂,吸附量低于常用的驱油表面活性剂,且APG无毒,对环境环保。在对单一表面活性剂性能评价的基础上,对不同表面活性剂的复配体系进行了研究,优选出四个低界面张力的耐温抗盐表面活性剂驱油体系;并对其乳化能力、耐温抗盐性能进行评价,优选出的复配体系的乳化效果优于单一表面活性剂,耐温能力达140-160℃,抗Na~+能力达15000-50000mg/L,抗Ca~(2+)能力达1500-4500mg/L,具有较好的耐温抗盐及乳化能力;最后对耐温抗盐表面活性剂驱油体系的驱油效果进行评价,驱替试验表明,在水驱的基础上可提高采收率19.3%。研究的耐温抗盐表面活性剂驱油体系具有界面活性高、乳化性能好、耐盐能力强、成本低廉、绿色环保等特点,期待在油田推广应用。
Surfactant flooding,an enhanced oil recovery technology in the oilfields ,which is widely applied at home and abroad, has achieved good economic and social benefits.However, because of the poor resistance to temperature and salinity, ordinary surfactant can not be used in high-temperature or salty layers, whose application subjects to certain restrictions. So it is significant to develop surfactant resistant to temperature and salinity in order to enlarge application scope and enhance oil recovery. In this paper, we have examined surface activity, interfacial activity, and emulsifying capacity of single surfactant. Surfactant adsorption and biological toxicity of APG has been evaluated. Compared with ionic Surfactant, non-ionic Surfactant has a lower critical micelle concentration, and the effect of interfacial tension reduction is better than anionic surfactant while compounding with the alkali. In addition, emulsion capacity of non-ionic surfactants is superior to ionic surfactants, with an emulsion up to 87%. Whose adsorption is lower than ordinary surfactant, Static adsorption and dynamic adsorption of APG is 0.846mg/g sand and 0.123mg/g sand respectively , and it is nontoxic and friendly to the environment..On the basis of evaluation of single surfactant, four surfactant flooding systems with low interfacial tension which is resistant to temperature and salinity has been selected through studying different surfactants mixed systems. Its emulsifying capacity and resistance to temperature and salinity has also been assessed. The results reveal that the optimized system is better than single surfactant in emulsification and resistance to temperature and salinity, whose limitation to temperature, Na~+ and Ca~(2+) is 140-160℃, 15000-50000mg/L and 1500-4500mg/L respectively. Finally, the effectiveness of displacement of the compouding system was investigated. Experiment shows that oil recovery increases by 19.3% compared with water flooding system. All in all, the anti-temperature and anti-salt surfactant flooding system has several advantages,such as high interfacial activity salt-tolerant, low cost, friendly to environment, which deserves a promising future in wide applicationn in oilfeilds.
Surfactant flooding,an enhanced oil recovery technology in the oilfields ,which is widely applied at home and abroad, has achieved good economic and social benefits.However, because of the poor resistance to temperature and salinity, ordinary surfactant can not be used in high-temperature or salty layers, whose application subjects to certain restrictions. So it is significant to develop surfactant resistant to temperature and salinity in order to enlarge application scope and enhance oil recovery. In this paper, we have examined surface activity, interfacial activity, and emulsifying capacity of single surfactant. Surfactant adsorption and biological toxicity of APG has been evaluated. Compared with ionic Surfactant, non-ionic Surfactant has a lower critical micelle concentration, and the effect of interfacial tension reduction is better than anionic surfactant while compounding with the alkali. In addition, emulsion capacity of non-ionic surfactants is superior to ionic surfactants, with an emulsion up to 87%. Whose adsorption is lower than ordinary surfactant, Static adsorption and dynamic adsorption of APG is 0.846mg/g sand and 0.123mg/g sand respectively , and it is nontoxic and friendly to the environment..On the basis of evaluation of single surfactant, four surfactant flooding systems with low interfacial tension which is resistant to temperature and salinity has been selected through studying different surfactants mixed systems. Its emulsifying capacity and resistance to temperature and salinity has also been assessed. The results reveal that the optimized system is better than single surfactant in emulsification and resistance to temperature and salinity, whose limitation to temperature, Na~+ and Ca~(2+) is 140-160℃, 15000-50000mg/L and 1500-4500mg/L respectively. Finally, the effectiveness of displacement of the compouding system was investigated. Experiment shows that oil recovery increases by 19.3% compared with water flooding system. All in all, the anti-temperature and anti-salt surfactant flooding system has several advantages,such as high interfacial activity salt-tolerant, low cost, friendly to environment, which deserves a promising future in wide applicationn in oilfeilds.
引文
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