内蒙古七老图山苔藓植物分类及区系研究
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摘要
内蒙古七老图山位于内蒙古赤峰市境内，地理位置属于燕山北部山地，处于东北阔叶林区、华北阔叶林区与草原区的过渡地带，是华北植物省最北部边缘地带的一个植物地理区域，植物区系组成和植被类型较为复杂。按中国苔鲜植物分布区的划分属蒙新区、东北区和华北区过渡地带。
本文通过对七老图山837号苔藓植物标本进行系统研究，查明该区共有苔鲜植物45科、104属、197种(包括种以下单位)，其中苔类18科、19属、36种，藓类27科、85属、161种；发现中国新记录属1个，新记录种3个、内蒙古新记录2科、新记录属5个、新记录种20个；七老图山新记录种138个。并列出了七老图山珍稀濒危苔藓植物22种。通过物种丰富度、属相似系数、区系谱主成分分析(PCA)、区系地理成分分析等多种方法与河北雾灵山、内蒙古大兴安岭南部山地、山东昆嵛山、福建鹫峰山东麓、新疆东部天山和吉林省长白山七个地区的苔藓植物区系进行了比较，分析结果可以看出该区苔鲜植物区系成分中北温带成分为主体，占总种数的50.76％，其次为东亚成分，占总种数的14.21％，这反映了该地区强烈的温带性质，并具有东业区系的色彩；另外，在比较中我们发现，七老图山的苔藓植物区系成分有过渡区植物区系的特点，这与陈邦杰(1958)所论述我国苔藓植物地理区划的结论相一致，该区在苔鲜植物组成上与内蒙古大兴安岭南部山地最为接近，其次是河北雾灵山，与福建鹫峰山东麓最远，通过散点图可看出其过渡区所处地理位置。本文为七老图山生物多样性保护、植物资源利用、水土保持的深入
研究提供了丛础科学资料。
Qilaotu Mountain(118.9' - 118 40' E, 41 20 ' ?41 39 'N)in Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region, which is located in the Northern mountainous areas of Yanshan, lies in Chifeng area. Lying in the transitional zones of Northeast China broad-leaf forest, North China broad-leaf forest and Steppe, it is on the north verge of the flora of North China, and has complex flora and vegetation forms. According to the Chinese bryophytes floristic, it lies in the transitional zones of the flora of Neimenggu-Xinjiang Area, Northeast China and North China.
In this paper, the author systematically studied 837 bryophytes specimens, and found out that the bryophytes in this area has 45 families, 104 genera and 197 species (including subspecies and varieties), among which 36 species in 19 genera and 18 families belong to Hepaticae, 161 species in 85 genera and 27 families belong to Musci. In these bryophytes, 1genus and 3 species are newly recorded in China, 20 species are new to Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region and 138 species are new to Qilaotu Mountain. In this research, 2 families and 5 genera are supplemented to the bryoflora
oflnner Mongolia, and 22 rare and endangered bryophytes are listed.
In order to know more about the bryoflora in this region and its relationships to
those of the adjacent or related areas including Wulin Mountain of Hebei province, the
Southern Great Khingan Mountains, Kunyu Mountain of Shandong province, the
eastern Jiufeng Mountain of Fujian province, Tianshan of Xinjiang and the Changbai
Mountain of Jilin province, the author studied its geographical elements, compared the
species abundance, the generic similarity coefficient, the phytogeographical elements ,
and analyzed the floristic spectrum using the method of Principal Component Analysis
(PCA). The conclusions, based on the above research, are as follows: l)The
phytogeographical compositions of the bryoflora of Qilaotu Mountain have 100 species
of North temperate elements (50.76%), 28 East Asiatic e!ements(14.21%),This
conclusion reflects the temperate zone and East Asiatic characteristics of this region 2)
The bryoflora in this region has the typical characteristics of those in the transition
zones, which accords with the Chen Pangchieh' (1958) treatise about the Chinese
bryophyte floristic area. High similarities were found between the bryoflora in this area
and those in the Southern Great Khingan Mts, less in Wuling Mountain of Hebei
province, and the least in Eastern Jiufeng Mountain. The geographical location of the
transition zone can also be revealed through the scattered dot figure.
The dissertation provides basic scientific information for further researches in biological diversity protection, plant resources utilization and water and soil preservation.
本文通过对七老图山837号苔藓植物标本进行系统研究，查明该区共有苔鲜植物45科、104属、197种(包括种以下单位)，其中苔类18科、19属、36种，藓类27科、85属、161种；发现中国新记录属1个，新记录种3个、内蒙古新记录2科、新记录属5个、新记录种20个；七老图山新记录种138个。并列出了七老图山珍稀濒危苔藓植物22种。通过物种丰富度、属相似系数、区系谱主成分分析(PCA)、区系地理成分分析等多种方法与河北雾灵山、内蒙古大兴安岭南部山地、山东昆嵛山、福建鹫峰山东麓、新疆东部天山和吉林省长白山七个地区的苔藓植物区系进行了比较，分析结果可以看出该区苔鲜植物区系成分中北温带成分为主体，占总种数的50.76％，其次为东亚成分，占总种数的14.21％，这反映了该地区强烈的温带性质，并具有东业区系的色彩；另外，在比较中我们发现，七老图山的苔藓植物区系成分有过渡区植物区系的特点，这与陈邦杰(1958)所论述我国苔藓植物地理区划的结论相一致，该区在苔鲜植物组成上与内蒙古大兴安岭南部山地最为接近，其次是河北雾灵山，与福建鹫峰山东麓最远，通过散点图可看出其过渡区所处地理位置。本文为七老图山生物多样性保护、植物资源利用、水土保持的深入
研究提供了丛础科学资料。
Qilaotu Mountain(118.9' - 118 40' E, 41 20 ' ?41 39 'N)in Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region, which is located in the Northern mountainous areas of Yanshan, lies in Chifeng area. Lying in the transitional zones of Northeast China broad-leaf forest, North China broad-leaf forest and Steppe, it is on the north verge of the flora of North China, and has complex flora and vegetation forms. According to the Chinese bryophytes floristic, it lies in the transitional zones of the flora of Neimenggu-Xinjiang Area, Northeast China and North China.
In this paper, the author systematically studied 837 bryophytes specimens, and found out that the bryophytes in this area has 45 families, 104 genera and 197 species (including subspecies and varieties), among which 36 species in 19 genera and 18 families belong to Hepaticae, 161 species in 85 genera and 27 families belong to Musci. In these bryophytes, 1genus and 3 species are newly recorded in China, 20 species are new to Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region and 138 species are new to Qilaotu Mountain. In this research, 2 families and 5 genera are supplemented to the bryoflora
oflnner Mongolia, and 22 rare and endangered bryophytes are listed.
In order to know more about the bryoflora in this region and its relationships to
those of the adjacent or related areas including Wulin Mountain of Hebei province, the
Southern Great Khingan Mountains, Kunyu Mountain of Shandong province, the
eastern Jiufeng Mountain of Fujian province, Tianshan of Xinjiang and the Changbai
Mountain of Jilin province, the author studied its geographical elements, compared the
species abundance, the generic similarity coefficient, the phytogeographical elements ,
and analyzed the floristic spectrum using the method of Principal Component Analysis
(PCA). The conclusions, based on the above research, are as follows: l)The
phytogeographical compositions of the bryoflora of Qilaotu Mountain have 100 species
of North temperate elements (50.76%), 28 East Asiatic e!ements(14.21%),This
conclusion reflects the temperate zone and East Asiatic characteristics of this region 2)
The bryoflora in this region has the typical characteristics of those in the transition
zones, which accords with the Chen Pangchieh' (1958) treatise about the Chinese
bryophyte floristic area. High similarities were found between the bryoflora in this area
and those in the Southern Great Khingan Mts, less in Wuling Mountain of Hebei
province, and the least in Eastern Jiufeng Mountain. The geographical location of the
transition zone can also be revealed through the scattered dot figure.
The dissertation provides basic scientific information for further researches in biological diversity protection, plant resources utilization and water and soil preservation.
引文
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[3] 陈邦杰(主编)，中国藓类植物属志 (上册)．北京：科学出版社，1963．xj-xv
[4] 朱瑞良．王幼芳等，苔藓植物研究进展Ⅰ-我国苔藓植物研究现状与展望．西北植物学报，2002，22(2)：444-451
[5] 白学良(主编)，内蒙古苔藓植物志，内蒙古：内蒙古大学出版社，1997．1-8
[6] 高谦，张光初，东北藓类植物志，北京：科学出版社，1977
[7] 高谦，张光初．东北苔类植物志，北京：科学出版社，1981
[8] 黎兴江，臧穆．中国提灯藓科的研究．云南植物研究．1979，1：32-80
[9] 仝治国，中国几种旱生藓类的新分布，内蒙古大学学报．1963，2：73-85
[10] 中国科学院内蒙古宁夏综合考察队，内蒙古植被，北京：科学出版社，1985，397-400
[11] 陈邦杰(主编)，中国藓类植物属志(下册)，北京：科学出版社，1978
[12] 高谦(主编)，中国苔藓植物志(第一卷)，北京：科学出版社，1994
[13] 高谦(主编)，中国苔藓志(第二卷)，北京：科学出版社，1996
[14] 黎兴江(主编)，中国苔藓志(第三卷)，北京：科学出版社，2000
[15] 张文彤(主编)，SPSS11统计分析教程(基础篇)，北京希望电子出版社，2002，99-106
[16] 张文彤(主编)，SPSS11统计分析教程(高级篇)，北京希望电子出版社，2002，190-200
[17] 中国科学院昆明植物研究所编著，云南植物志(第十七卷) (苔藓植物：苔纲、角苔纲)，北京：科学出版社，2000，541-543
[18] CRUM,H. A.& L.E.ANDERSON, Mosses of Eastern North America, New York Columbia University Press,1981, 1: 385-387
[19] CRUM,H. A.& L.E.ANDERSON, Mosses of Eastern North America, New York Columbia University Press,1981, 2: 1144-1147
[20] BAI,XUE-LIANG, Flora Bryophytarum Intramongolicarum.Typis Universitatis Intramongolicae, Hohhot, 1997
[21] CHEN,BANG-JIE, Genera Muscorum Sinicorum (Pars Prima), Science Press, Beijing, 1963
[22] CHEN,BANG-JIE, Genera Muscorum Sinicorum (Pars Secunda), Science Press, Beijing, 1978
[23] IGNATOV, M.S.,H.ANDO & E.A.IGNATOVA, Bryophyte flora of Altai Mountains Ⅶ, Hypnaceae and related pleurocarps with bi-or ecostate leaves, Arctoa 1996, 6:21-112
[24] MA YU-CHUAN, Flora Intramongolica Tom 1, Typis Intramongolicae Popularis, Hohhot, 1998
[25] OTNYUKOVA.T. N , Didymodon hedysariformis, a new species of Pottiaceae (Musci)from south Siberia (Tuva Republic,Russia), Arctoa, 1998, 7:207-210
[26] OTNYUKOVA.T.N, A study of the Didymodon species(Pottiaceae,Musci) in Russia.I.species with caduceus leaf apices, Arctoa, 2002, 11:337-349
[27] REDFEARN.P.L.JR.,B.C.TAN & S.HE, A newly updated and annotated checklist of Chinese mosses, J. Hattori Bot.Lab.No, 1996, 79:163-357
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