高炉出铁场除尘智能控制方案研究
摘要
在钢铁厂的转炉、平炉、高炉等车间,烟气污染都十分严重,尤其是高炉出铁场,在出铁期间所散发的烟尘是钢铁厂对大气主要污染源之一。随着高炉强化冶炼和大型化,如果不采取有效的烟尘捕集及净化措施,那么,所带来的环境污染将会日益严重。为降低工人的劳动强度,保护工人身体的健康,以及随着环境保护排放标准的日益严格,迫切需要对高炉出铁场的烟尘进行治理。
本论文首先介绍了国内外出铁场烟尘治理的发展概况,分析了出铁场除尘存在的问题,针对出铁场除尘工艺,分析了出铁场烟尘特点以及各种除尘设备的工作特性。
其次,针对目前出铁场除尘中存在的24小时全压全速运行以及除尘管道阀门不能自动“开”、“闭”问题,提出出铁场环境烟尘智能控制方案,方案提出对尘源点烟尘浓度进行检测,使得系统在出铁期间根据烟尘浓度大小进行调速控制,非出铁期间自动低速运行;根据工艺需要,自动判断阀门“开”,“闭”,对除尘管道阀门各蝶阀实行远程自动开闭控制;提出了基于T-S模型的烟尘浓度检测综合的方案,建立了模糊规则以及环境烟尘浓度检测综合模型,根据检测得到的铁口上悬罩浓度、铁水罐罩浓度、下渣罐罩浓度、上渣罐罩浓度和屋顶除尘罩浓度综合得到环境烟尘浓度反馈量。
然后文章分析了环境烟尘智能综合控制器的结构及影响控制信号的因素,设计了环境烟尘智能控制编程思想,分析了开口机、电动泥泡状态、除尘罩阀门开闭状态、环境烟尘浓度反馈量、除尘器入口烟尘温度和除尘器阻力对控制信号决策的影响,综合得到控制信号Uc,最后分析了高炉出铁场环境烟尘控制系统的节能效果。
In the steel plant converter, open hearth, blast furnaces and other plants, dust pollution is very serious, especially in Blast Furnace casthouse, the dust emitted in tapping period is one of the primary atmosphere pollution sources. With the blast furnace strengthening smelting and growing scale, if effective measures for dust caoture and purification are not taken , then the consequent envirommental pollution will be increasingly serious. In order to reduce worker's labor intensity, protects the worker body's health, as well as along with the environmental protection emission standard increasingly strict, it urgently needed to manage the Blast Furnace casthouse dust.
This paper firstly introduces the domestic and foreign casting house’s dust government’s development survey, analyzes existent problems in the casthouse dedusting, for casthouse dedusting processes, analyzes casthouse dust’s characteristics and various kinds of dust removal equipment’s working characteristic.
Secondly, according to the problems exist in the casthouse dedusting system that the fan run in 24 hours at total pressure and full speed as well as the dust removal pipe-line valve can not automatically“open”and“closed”, this article proposes the casthouse environment dust intelligent control plan, the plan proposes detect the dust concentration at each dust source point, so that the system carries on the frequency conversion velocity modulation control according to the dust concentration in tapping period , automatic low speed movement in non-tapping period; According to process requirements, the system automatic judges the valve“to open”or“to close”, romote control butterfly valve opening and closing; it puts forward the model based on T-S dust concentration testing comprehensive, builds fuzzy rules and dust concentration testing comprehensive model, according to dust concentration of iron suspension cover, iron, slag pot cover under, slag pot and cover roofs, gets actual environmental dust concentration feedback quantity.
Then this paper analyzes the structure of environmental dust intelligent comprehensive controller and the influence factors of inverter control signal, designs environment dust intelligent control programming ideas, analyzes the openings machine, electric mud bubble status, dust mask valves open and close condition, environmental smoke concentration feedback quantity, the dust dust catcher entrance temperature and precipitator resistance’s impact on the control signal decisions, comprehensive gets control signal Uc, In the final this paper analyzes the blast furnace casthouse environment smoke control system energy saving effect.
本论文首先介绍了国内外出铁场烟尘治理的发展概况,分析了出铁场除尘存在的问题,针对出铁场除尘工艺,分析了出铁场烟尘特点以及各种除尘设备的工作特性。
其次,针对目前出铁场除尘中存在的24小时全压全速运行以及除尘管道阀门不能自动“开”、“闭”问题,提出出铁场环境烟尘智能控制方案,方案提出对尘源点烟尘浓度进行检测,使得系统在出铁期间根据烟尘浓度大小进行调速控制,非出铁期间自动低速运行;根据工艺需要,自动判断阀门“开”,“闭”,对除尘管道阀门各蝶阀实行远程自动开闭控制;提出了基于T-S模型的烟尘浓度检测综合的方案,建立了模糊规则以及环境烟尘浓度检测综合模型,根据检测得到的铁口上悬罩浓度、铁水罐罩浓度、下渣罐罩浓度、上渣罐罩浓度和屋顶除尘罩浓度综合得到环境烟尘浓度反馈量。
然后文章分析了环境烟尘智能综合控制器的结构及影响控制信号的因素,设计了环境烟尘智能控制编程思想,分析了开口机、电动泥泡状态、除尘罩阀门开闭状态、环境烟尘浓度反馈量、除尘器入口烟尘温度和除尘器阻力对控制信号决策的影响,综合得到控制信号Uc,最后分析了高炉出铁场环境烟尘控制系统的节能效果。
In the steel plant converter, open hearth, blast furnaces and other plants, dust pollution is very serious, especially in Blast Furnace casthouse, the dust emitted in tapping period is one of the primary atmosphere pollution sources. With the blast furnace strengthening smelting and growing scale, if effective measures for dust caoture and purification are not taken , then the consequent envirommental pollution will be increasingly serious. In order to reduce worker's labor intensity, protects the worker body's health, as well as along with the environmental protection emission standard increasingly strict, it urgently needed to manage the Blast Furnace casthouse dust.
This paper firstly introduces the domestic and foreign casting house’s dust government’s development survey, analyzes existent problems in the casthouse dedusting, for casthouse dedusting processes, analyzes casthouse dust’s characteristics and various kinds of dust removal equipment’s working characteristic.
Secondly, according to the problems exist in the casthouse dedusting system that the fan run in 24 hours at total pressure and full speed as well as the dust removal pipe-line valve can not automatically“open”and“closed”, this article proposes the casthouse environment dust intelligent control plan, the plan proposes detect the dust concentration at each dust source point, so that the system carries on the frequency conversion velocity modulation control according to the dust concentration in tapping period , automatic low speed movement in non-tapping period; According to process requirements, the system automatic judges the valve“to open”or“to close”, romote control butterfly valve opening and closing; it puts forward the model based on T-S dust concentration testing comprehensive, builds fuzzy rules and dust concentration testing comprehensive model, according to dust concentration of iron suspension cover, iron, slag pot cover under, slag pot and cover roofs, gets actual environmental dust concentration feedback quantity.
Then this paper analyzes the structure of environmental dust intelligent comprehensive controller and the influence factors of inverter control signal, designs environment dust intelligent control programming ideas, analyzes the openings machine, electric mud bubble status, dust mask valves open and close condition, environmental smoke concentration feedback quantity, the dust dust catcher entrance temperature and precipitator resistance’s impact on the control signal decisions, comprehensive gets control signal Uc, In the final this paper analyzes the blast furnace casthouse environment smoke control system energy saving effect.
引文
[1]王社斌,许并社.钢铁生产节能减排技术[M].冶金工业出版社,2009.
[2]谈庆.浅谈高炉出铁场烟气治理的发展与创新[J].冶金环境保护,2003,(1):1-4.
[3] Gilbert R.Broom, Michael K. Buckley.Casthouse emission control system:US,4475720[P]. 1984-10-09.
[4]邱电云,马荣骏.高炉出铁场烟尘的处理[J].湖南冶金,1994,5,(3):50-54.
[5]《中国钢铁工业环保工作指南》编辑委员会编.中国钢铁工业环保工作指南[M].北京:冶金工业出版社,2005.
[6] Remorino,Mauricio. Blast furnace supervision & control system[J]. Proceedings - Ironmaking Conference, p 189-199, 1997.
[7] Maslany,Thomas J. Blast furnace casthouse control technology[J]. United States Environmental Protection Agency, Office of Research and Development, (Report) EPA, p 52-68, 1982.
[8] Helenbrook,R,G.. Structural comsideration when modernizing blast furnace casthouse practice[M]. Proceeding Ironmaking Conference,p363-369,1984.
[9] Stephen Vajda,Pittsburgh,Pa. Blast furnace cast house pollutant suppression:US,4357003[P]. 1982-11-02.
[10] Van Ackeren,P. Design and operation of casthouse dust collection facilities at the Huckingen blast furnaces[J].Iron and Steel Engineer,v62,n1,p57-61,Jap 1985.
[11]郭丰年.宝钢高炉出铁场除尘工程的回顾与展望(上)[J].通风除尘,1993,(01):43-49.
[12]郭丰年.宝钢高炉出铁场除尘工程的回顾与展望(下)[J].通风除尘,1993,(02):22-26.
[13]张汇川.首钢炼铁高炉出铁场除尘技术综述[J].中国冶金,2005,(2):9-13.
[14]韩剑宏.钢铁工业环保技术手册[M].化学工业出版社,2006.
[15]李叶.高炉出铁场除尘设计新思路[J].福建环境,2003,20(4):57-59.
[16]郭润州.出铁场除尘[D].北京:北京科技大学,2006.
[17] Smith,Martin. Key design issues associated with large blast furnaces[J]. ANNALS - 3rd International Meeting on Ironmaking and 2nd International Symposium on Iron Ore, p 1318-1326, 2008, 3rd International Meeting on Ironmaking and 2nd International Symposium on Iron Ore.
[18]任庆灿.现代钢铁工业技术[M].北京:冶金工业出版社.1987.
[19] Miller,A.Lesslie. Iron blast furnace casting cage:US,4335869[P].1982-06-22.
[20]王亮.高炉出铁场尘源捕集方法和措施[J].炼铁,2004,23(2):25-30.
[21]张龙来,胡中杰,张慧峰.宝钢4#高炉炉前除尘技术的进步[J].宝钢技术,2007,(1):15-17.
[22]梁广,张杰.大型高炉出铁场铁口烟尘捕集方式综述[J].钢铁技术,2005,(1):32-34.
[23] Cook.Anthony,Winters.Robert P. Removable hatch for blast furnace iron through hood:US,4460165[P].1984-07-17.
[24] Billy Boshoven, Heerhugowaard. Exhaust system especially for use in the cast house of a blast furnace:US,4379548[P].1983-04-12.
[25]白淑芬,刘新宇.我国高炉出铁场除尘技术[J].通风,1998,(2).
[26]葛雷.攀钢3号高炉出铁场除尘系统设计[J].冶金环境保护,2008,(2):18-21.
[27]王睿.攀钢高炉出铁场烟尘治理实践[J].炼铁,2008,27(5):18-22.
[28]重庆钢铁设计研究院.冶金炉窑烟尘净化学术会议资料宝钢出铁场除尘.重庆钢铁设计研究院,1980,06.
[29]张殿印,王纯.除尘工程设计手册[M].化学工业出版社,2003.
[30]祁君田,党小庆,张滨渭.现代烟气除尘技术[M].北京:化学工业出版社,2008.
[31]孙一坚.简明通风设计手册[M].中国建筑工业出版社,1997.
[32]美国费尔升公司亚太总代理:深圳市实为科技有限公司.电荷感应和探头保护技术与摩擦静电技术的比较.
[33] Donald M.Ernst. Method and apparatus for determining completion of a cast in blast furnace casthouse pollution suppression system[J]. Atmospheric Environment(1967),Volume 17,Issue 9, page 1860-1861.
[34]蔡自兴.智能控制[M].北京:电子工业出版社,2004.
[35]王顺晃,舒迪前.智能控制系统及应用[M].北京:机械工业出版社,2005.
[36]常宏杰,杨光,岳彦芳,杨宜平.布袋除尘器烟尘温度控制策略研究[J].自动化技术与应用,2007,26(12):41-42.
[37]胡学毅.也谈变工况除尘系统风机调速的计算方法[J].暖通空调,2001,31(6):62-65.
[38]杨丽飞.袋式除尘器控制系统设计与应用研究[D].江苏大学,2008.
[39]冯斌.模糊控制在袋式除尘系统自动控制中的应用研究[D].武汉:武汉科技大学,2001.
[40]王永忠,宋七棣.电炉炼钢除尘[M].北京:冶金工业出版社,2003
[41]中国电工技术学会.风机水泵交流调速节能技术[M].北京:机械工业出版社,1990
[42]唐玉芝.浅谈除尘系统的节能问题[J].资源再生, 2008,(04):67-69.
[43]张健.变频调速技术在高炉出铁场除尘中的应用[J].工业安全与环保,2002,28(10):7-8.
[2]谈庆.浅谈高炉出铁场烟气治理的发展与创新[J].冶金环境保护,2003,(1):1-4.
[3] Gilbert R.Broom, Michael K. Buckley.Casthouse emission control system:US,4475720[P]. 1984-10-09.
[4]邱电云,马荣骏.高炉出铁场烟尘的处理[J].湖南冶金,1994,5,(3):50-54.
[5]《中国钢铁工业环保工作指南》编辑委员会编.中国钢铁工业环保工作指南[M].北京:冶金工业出版社,2005.
[6] Remorino,Mauricio. Blast furnace supervision & control system[J]. Proceedings - Ironmaking Conference, p 189-199, 1997.
[7] Maslany,Thomas J. Blast furnace casthouse control technology[J]. United States Environmental Protection Agency, Office of Research and Development, (Report) EPA, p 52-68, 1982.
[8] Helenbrook,R,G.. Structural comsideration when modernizing blast furnace casthouse practice[M]. Proceeding Ironmaking Conference,p363-369,1984.
[9] Stephen Vajda,Pittsburgh,Pa. Blast furnace cast house pollutant suppression:US,4357003[P]. 1982-11-02.
[10] Van Ackeren,P. Design and operation of casthouse dust collection facilities at the Huckingen blast furnaces[J].Iron and Steel Engineer,v62,n1,p57-61,Jap 1985.
[11]郭丰年.宝钢高炉出铁场除尘工程的回顾与展望(上)[J].通风除尘,1993,(01):43-49.
[12]郭丰年.宝钢高炉出铁场除尘工程的回顾与展望(下)[J].通风除尘,1993,(02):22-26.
[13]张汇川.首钢炼铁高炉出铁场除尘技术综述[J].中国冶金,2005,(2):9-13.
[14]韩剑宏.钢铁工业环保技术手册[M].化学工业出版社,2006.
[15]李叶.高炉出铁场除尘设计新思路[J].福建环境,2003,20(4):57-59.
[16]郭润州.出铁场除尘[D].北京:北京科技大学,2006.
[17] Smith,Martin. Key design issues associated with large blast furnaces[J]. ANNALS - 3rd International Meeting on Ironmaking and 2nd International Symposium on Iron Ore, p 1318-1326, 2008, 3rd International Meeting on Ironmaking and 2nd International Symposium on Iron Ore.
[18]任庆灿.现代钢铁工业技术[M].北京:冶金工业出版社.1987.
[19] Miller,A.Lesslie. Iron blast furnace casting cage:US,4335869[P].1982-06-22.
[20]王亮.高炉出铁场尘源捕集方法和措施[J].炼铁,2004,23(2):25-30.
[21]张龙来,胡中杰,张慧峰.宝钢4#高炉炉前除尘技术的进步[J].宝钢技术,2007,(1):15-17.
[22]梁广,张杰.大型高炉出铁场铁口烟尘捕集方式综述[J].钢铁技术,2005,(1):32-34.
[23] Cook.Anthony,Winters.Robert P. Removable hatch for blast furnace iron through hood:US,4460165[P].1984-07-17.
[24] Billy Boshoven, Heerhugowaard. Exhaust system especially for use in the cast house of a blast furnace:US,4379548[P].1983-04-12.
[25]白淑芬,刘新宇.我国高炉出铁场除尘技术[J].通风,1998,(2).
[26]葛雷.攀钢3号高炉出铁场除尘系统设计[J].冶金环境保护,2008,(2):18-21.
[27]王睿.攀钢高炉出铁场烟尘治理实践[J].炼铁,2008,27(5):18-22.
[28]重庆钢铁设计研究院.冶金炉窑烟尘净化学术会议资料宝钢出铁场除尘.重庆钢铁设计研究院,1980,06.
[29]张殿印,王纯.除尘工程设计手册[M].化学工业出版社,2003.
[30]祁君田,党小庆,张滨渭.现代烟气除尘技术[M].北京:化学工业出版社,2008.
[31]孙一坚.简明通风设计手册[M].中国建筑工业出版社,1997.
[32]美国费尔升公司亚太总代理:深圳市实为科技有限公司.电荷感应和探头保护技术与摩擦静电技术的比较.
[33] Donald M.Ernst. Method and apparatus for determining completion of a cast in blast furnace casthouse pollution suppression system[J]. Atmospheric Environment(1967),Volume 17,Issue 9, page 1860-1861.
[34]蔡自兴.智能控制[M].北京:电子工业出版社,2004.
[35]王顺晃,舒迪前.智能控制系统及应用[M].北京:机械工业出版社,2005.
[36]常宏杰,杨光,岳彦芳,杨宜平.布袋除尘器烟尘温度控制策略研究[J].自动化技术与应用,2007,26(12):41-42.
[37]胡学毅.也谈变工况除尘系统风机调速的计算方法[J].暖通空调,2001,31(6):62-65.
[38]杨丽飞.袋式除尘器控制系统设计与应用研究[D].江苏大学,2008.
[39]冯斌.模糊控制在袋式除尘系统自动控制中的应用研究[D].武汉:武汉科技大学,2001.
[40]王永忠,宋七棣.电炉炼钢除尘[M].北京:冶金工业出版社,2003
[41]中国电工技术学会.风机水泵交流调速节能技术[M].北京:机械工业出版社,1990
[42]唐玉芝.浅谈除尘系统的节能问题[J].资源再生, 2008,(04):67-69.
[43]张健.变频调速技术在高炉出铁场除尘中的应用[J].工业安全与环保,2002,28(10):7-8.