负载钯多相催化剂上的液相醇的氧化反应的研究
摘要
本论文针对负载型多相Pd催化剂的液相醇氧化反应开展研究。研究主要涉及以氧气为氧化剂的苯甲醇选择氧化反应和在惰性气氛中无氢受体存在的条件下的苯甲醇氧化脱氢反应两部分。论文通过对Pd催化剂的详细的性能评价和结构表征,建立各催化反应体系中催化剂的构效关联。
针对以氧气为氧化剂的苯甲醇氧化反应,选择以负载于SiO_2-Al_2O_3复合氧化物载体金属Pd为催化剂。利用Pd前驱体(PdCl_4~(2-))和不同Si/Al比的载体之间相互作用的强弱,以氢气或正己醇还原的方法合成了金属Pd粒子的粒径分布集中且粒径在2.2-10 nm可控的的纳米金属Pd催化剂。研究发现对于以氧气为氧化剂的苯甲醇选择氧化反应,金属Pd是反应的活性相。该反应为结构敏感反应。当金属Pd粒径处于3.6-4.3 nm范围内时表面Pd原子的苯甲醇氧化本征转换频率(TOF)最高。以立方八面体为模型分析随粒径的变化Pd粒子表面平台原子与缺陷位原子的数目变化趋势给出了在以氧气为氧化剂的苯甲醇氧化反应同时需要平台Pd和缺陷位Pd两类Pd原子,当二者数目之比为2∶1-3∶1的Pd颗粒显示最佳催化性能。343 K反应10 h时,0.3 wt%Pd/SiO_2-Al_2O_3(Si/Al=1/1)、Pd粒径3.6 nm的催化剂上苯甲醇转化率可达97%,生成苯甲醛的选择性98%。Pd/SiO_2-Al2O_3催化剂能够多次重复使用,并可以催化多种醇的氧化反应。
针对在惰性气氛下无氢受体时苯甲醇的脱氢反应,研究发现Pd/HT(Hydrotalcite,水滑石)催化剂具有较高的氧化苯甲醇生成苯甲醛的性能,反应中伴有氢气分子放出。Pd/HT、Pd/Al2O_3和Pd/MgO催化剂的对比研究发现,酸性载体催化剂Pd/Al_2O_3显示较高的苯甲醇转化活性,但生成苯甲醛的选择性低。碱性载体催化剂Pd/MgO催化剂上苯甲醇生成苯甲醛的选择性高,但苯甲醇转化率有限。碱性适当的Pd/HT催化剂兼具苯甲醇转化率和生成苯甲醛选择性的优势,显示高的苯甲醛收率。催化剂上的反应活性相可能是带有正电荷的Pd粒子。相比以氧气为氧化剂的苯甲醇的氧化反应,在惰性气氛下苯甲醇更易于生成甲苯。我们推测Al_2O_3上L酸位易于吸附苯甲醇,并促进其脱去苯甲醇羟基生成副产物甲苯,降低了苯甲醛的选择性;采用碱性载体,可以加强苯甲醇的亲核性从而提高苯甲醛的选择性。
This dissertation focuses on the studies of the liquid phase oxidation of alcohols catalyzed by palladium supported heterogeneous catalysts,including aerobic and anaerobic oxidation systems.From the detailed characterization,the correlation between the structure characters of palladium catalysts and their catalytic performance for the conversion of benzyl alcohol to benzyl aldehyde in both systems were discussed.
For the aerobic oxidation of benzyl alcohol reaction,metallic palladium supported on the SiO_2-Al_2O_3 support was used as catalysts.Nano-sized Pd particles with its sized changed within 2.2-10 nm were prepared by controlling the interaction between the Pd precursor(PdCl_4~(2-)) and the supports followed by the reductions with H_2 or hexanol.It was found that the oxidation of benzyl alcohol using O_2 as oxidant was a structure sensitive reaction,and active phase was the metallic Pd.The highest catalytic activity(TOF) was found over the catalysts with Pd particles sized in 3.6-4.3 nm.We estimated the tendency of Pd atom numbers located in the surface sites and in the defect(edge and comer) sites changing along with the decreasing of the Pd diameter by using cuboctahedron as the geometrical model for Pd particles.The ratio of Pd atoms(Pd_(surface)/Pd_(defect)) in these two sites was found as 2:1-3:1 for the most effective catalysts where Pd diameters ranged in 3.6-4.3 nm.For this reaction,the best catalytic performance were 97%conversion of benzyl alcohol and 98%selectivity for benzyl aldehyde formation over 0.3 wt%Pd/SiO_2-Al_2O_3(Si/Al=I/1) catalyst with its Pd mean size of 3.6 nm.This kind of catalysts could be repeatedly used and was effective for oxidation of various alcohols.
A novel catalytic system for anaerobic oxidation of alcohols over Pd/hydrotalcites(Pd/HT) catalyst was studied.Compared with Pd/Al_2O_3 and Pd/MgO catalysts,Pd/HT showed high catalytic performance in converting benzyl alcohol to benzyl aldehyde,and a hydrogen release was analyzed during the reaction.Over Pd/Al_2O_3 catalyst,although the high conversion of benzyl alcohol was achieved,the selectivity of benzyl aldehyde was only 60%,probably due to the acidity of the support.The main by-product was toluene.Over Pd/MgO catalyst,the selectivity to benzyl aldehyde formation was high probably conduced by the basicity of the support, although the conversion of the benzyl alcohol was limited.We speculate that the active species was positively charged Pd clusters.Benzyl alcohol prefers to adsorb onto Al_2O_3 and then were hydrogenolyzed into toluene and water over Pd.The basic supports can improve the nucleophilicity of benzyl alcohol to form Pd-alcoholate,and also promote theβ-H elimination,therefore the selectivity ofbenzaldehyde over basic support was increased.
针对以氧气为氧化剂的苯甲醇氧化反应,选择以负载于SiO_2-Al_2O_3复合氧化物载体金属Pd为催化剂。利用Pd前驱体(PdCl_4~(2-))和不同Si/Al比的载体之间相互作用的强弱,以氢气或正己醇还原的方法合成了金属Pd粒子的粒径分布集中且粒径在2.2-10 nm可控的的纳米金属Pd催化剂。研究发现对于以氧气为氧化剂的苯甲醇选择氧化反应,金属Pd是反应的活性相。该反应为结构敏感反应。当金属Pd粒径处于3.6-4.3 nm范围内时表面Pd原子的苯甲醇氧化本征转换频率(TOF)最高。以立方八面体为模型分析随粒径的变化Pd粒子表面平台原子与缺陷位原子的数目变化趋势给出了在以氧气为氧化剂的苯甲醇氧化反应同时需要平台Pd和缺陷位Pd两类Pd原子,当二者数目之比为2∶1-3∶1的Pd颗粒显示最佳催化性能。343 K反应10 h时,0.3 wt%Pd/SiO_2-Al_2O_3(Si/Al=1/1)、Pd粒径3.6 nm的催化剂上苯甲醇转化率可达97%,生成苯甲醛的选择性98%。Pd/SiO_2-Al2O_3催化剂能够多次重复使用,并可以催化多种醇的氧化反应。
针对在惰性气氛下无氢受体时苯甲醇的脱氢反应,研究发现Pd/HT(Hydrotalcite,水滑石)催化剂具有较高的氧化苯甲醇生成苯甲醛的性能,反应中伴有氢气分子放出。Pd/HT、Pd/Al2O_3和Pd/MgO催化剂的对比研究发现,酸性载体催化剂Pd/Al_2O_3显示较高的苯甲醇转化活性,但生成苯甲醛的选择性低。碱性载体催化剂Pd/MgO催化剂上苯甲醇生成苯甲醛的选择性高,但苯甲醇转化率有限。碱性适当的Pd/HT催化剂兼具苯甲醇转化率和生成苯甲醛选择性的优势,显示高的苯甲醛收率。催化剂上的反应活性相可能是带有正电荷的Pd粒子。相比以氧气为氧化剂的苯甲醇的氧化反应,在惰性气氛下苯甲醇更易于生成甲苯。我们推测Al_2O_3上L酸位易于吸附苯甲醇,并促进其脱去苯甲醇羟基生成副产物甲苯,降低了苯甲醛的选择性;采用碱性载体,可以加强苯甲醇的亲核性从而提高苯甲醛的选择性。
This dissertation focuses on the studies of the liquid phase oxidation of alcohols catalyzed by palladium supported heterogeneous catalysts,including aerobic and anaerobic oxidation systems.From the detailed characterization,the correlation between the structure characters of palladium catalysts and their catalytic performance for the conversion of benzyl alcohol to benzyl aldehyde in both systems were discussed.
For the aerobic oxidation of benzyl alcohol reaction,metallic palladium supported on the SiO_2-Al_2O_3 support was used as catalysts.Nano-sized Pd particles with its sized changed within 2.2-10 nm were prepared by controlling the interaction between the Pd precursor(PdCl_4~(2-)) and the supports followed by the reductions with H_2 or hexanol.It was found that the oxidation of benzyl alcohol using O_2 as oxidant was a structure sensitive reaction,and active phase was the metallic Pd.The highest catalytic activity(TOF) was found over the catalysts with Pd particles sized in 3.6-4.3 nm.We estimated the tendency of Pd atom numbers located in the surface sites and in the defect(edge and comer) sites changing along with the decreasing of the Pd diameter by using cuboctahedron as the geometrical model for Pd particles.The ratio of Pd atoms(Pd_(surface)/Pd_(defect)) in these two sites was found as 2:1-3:1 for the most effective catalysts where Pd diameters ranged in 3.6-4.3 nm.For this reaction,the best catalytic performance were 97%conversion of benzyl alcohol and 98%selectivity for benzyl aldehyde formation over 0.3 wt%Pd/SiO_2-Al_2O_3(Si/Al=I/1) catalyst with its Pd mean size of 3.6 nm.This kind of catalysts could be repeatedly used and was effective for oxidation of various alcohols.
A novel catalytic system for anaerobic oxidation of alcohols over Pd/hydrotalcites(Pd/HT) catalyst was studied.Compared with Pd/Al_2O_3 and Pd/MgO catalysts,Pd/HT showed high catalytic performance in converting benzyl alcohol to benzyl aldehyde,and a hydrogen release was analyzed during the reaction.Over Pd/Al_2O_3 catalyst,although the high conversion of benzyl alcohol was achieved,the selectivity of benzyl aldehyde was only 60%,probably due to the acidity of the support.The main by-product was toluene.Over Pd/MgO catalyst,the selectivity to benzyl aldehyde formation was high probably conduced by the basicity of the support, although the conversion of the benzyl alcohol was limited.We speculate that the active species was positively charged Pd clusters.Benzyl alcohol prefers to adsorb onto Al_2O_3 and then were hydrogenolyzed into toluene and water over Pd.The basic supports can improve the nucleophilicity of benzyl alcohol to form Pd-alcoholate,and also promote theβ-H elimination,therefore the selectivity ofbenzaldehyde over basic support was increased.
引文
[1]K.Weissermel,H-J.Arpe,In Industrial organic chemistry.3rd ed,C.R.Lindley ed.1997,New York.
[2]J.R.Holum,Study of the chromium(VI)oxide-pyridine complex,J.Org.Chem.,1961,26:4814-4816.
[3]D.G.Lee and U.A.Spitzer,Aqueous dichromate oxidation of primary alcohols,J.Org.Chem.,1970,35:3589-3590.
[4]G.Cainelli and G.Cardillo,Chromium oxidants in organic chemistry.1984,Berlin:Springer.
[5]J.Muzart,Chromium-catalyzed oxidations in organic synthesis.,Chem.Rev.,1992,92:113-140.
[6]S.V.Ley and A.Madin,Comprehensive organic synthesis.Pergamon,B.M.Trost,I.Fleming,S.V.Ley,ed.Vol.7.1991:Oxford.251-289.
[7]S.L.Regen and C.Koteel,Activation through impregnation.Permanganate-coated solid supports.,J.Am.Chem.Soc.,1977,99:3837-3838.
[8]F.M.Menger and C.Lee,Synthetically useful oxidations at solid sodium permanganate surfaces.,Tetrahedron Lett.,1981,22:1655-1656.
[9]L.M.Berkowitz and P.N.Rylander,Use of ruthenium tetroxide as a multi-purpose oxidant.,J.Am.Chem.Soc.,1958,80:6682-6684.
[10]W.P.Griffith,Chem.Soc.Rev,1992,21:179-185.
[11]S.V.Ley,J.Norman,W.P.Griffith and S.P.Marsden,Tetrapropylammonium perruthenate,Pr_4N~+ RuO_4~-,TPAP:A Catalytic Oxidant for Organic Synthesis.Synthesis,1994:639-666.
[12]T.V.Lee,,Comprehensive organic synthesis.Pergamon,B.M.Trost,I.Fleming,S.V.Ley,ed.Vol.7.1991:Oxford.291-303.
[13]R.A.Sheldon,I.Arends and A.Dijksman,New developments in catalytic alcohol oxidations for fine chemicals synthesis,Catal.Today,2000,57(1-2):157-166.
[14]R.A.Sheldon,I.Arends,G.J.Ten Brink and A.Dijksman,Green,catalytic oxidations of alcohols.,Accounts Chem.Res.,2002,35(9):774-781.
[15]D.Lenoir,Selective oxidation of organic compounds - Sustainable catalytic reactions with oxygen and without transition metals?,Angew.Chem.lnt.Edit.,2006,45(20):3206-3210.
[16]J.Muzart,Palladium-catalysed oxidation of primary and secondary alcohols.Tetrahedron,2003,59(31):5789-5816.
[17]M.S.Sigman and D.R.Jensen,Ligand-modulated palladium-catalyzed aerobic alcohol oxidations.,Accounts Chem.Res.,2006,39(3):221-229.
[18]M.J.Schultz and M.S.Sigman,Recent advances in homogeneous transition metal-catalyzed aerobic alcohol oxidations.Tetrahedron,2006,62(35):8227-8241.
[19]B.Z.Zhan and A.Thompson,Recent developments in the aerobic oxidation of alcohols.Tetrahedron,2004,60(13):2917-2935.
[20]J.W.Whittaker,Metal ions in biological systems,H.Sigel,Sigel,A.ed.Vol.30.1994,New York.315-360.
[21]P.F.I.Knowles and N.Ito,Perspectives in bio-inorganic chemistry,R.W.Hay,J.R.Dilworth,Nolan,K.B.ed.Vol.2.1994,London.207-244.
[22]I.Marko,A.Gautier,I.Chelle-Regnant,P.R.Giles,M.Tsukazald,C.J.Ureh,and S.M.Brown,Efficient and practical catalytic oxidation of alcohols using molecular oxygen.,J.Org.Chem.,1998,63(22):7576-7577.
[23]I.E.Marko,A.Gautier,R.L.Dumeunier,K.Doda,F.Philippart,S.M.Brown and C.J.Urch,Efficient,copper-catalyzed,aerobic oxidation of primary alcohols.,Angew.Chem.Int.Edit.,2004,43(12):1588-1591.
[24]I.E Marko,.A.Gautier,J.L.Mutonkole,R.Dumennier,A.Ates,C.J.Urch,and S.M.Brown,Neutral,non-raeemising,catalytic aerobic oxidation of alcohols.,J.Organomet.Chem.,2001,624(1-2):344-347.
[25]I.E.Marko,P.R.Giles,M.Tsukazaki,I.Chelle-Regnant,A.Gautier,S.M.Brown and C.J. Urch,Efficient,ecologically benign,aerobic oxidation of alcohols.,J.Org.Chem.,1999,64(7):2433-2439.
[26]T.N.Inokuchi,7etrahedron Lett.,1995,36:3223~3226.
[27]H.Tomioka,K.Takai,and Oshima,K,7etrahedron Lett.,1981,22:1605-1608.
[28]E.Takezawa,S.Sakaguchi and Y.Ishii,Oxidative cleavage of vic-diols to aldehydes with dioxygen catalyzed by Ru(PPh3)3C12 on active carbon.,OrE.Lett.,1999.I(5):713-715.
[29]S.Kanemoto,S.Matsubara and Takai,K.Bull.Chem.Soc.Jpn,1988.61:3607-3612.
[30]A.Hanyu,E.Takezawa and Sakaguchi,S.Tetrahedron Lett.,1998,39:5557-5560.
[31]K.Yamaguchi,K.Mori,T.Mizugaki,K.Ebitani and K.Kaneda,Creation ofa monomeric Ru species on the surface of hydroxyapatite as an efficient heterogeneous catalyst for aerobic alcohol oxidation.,J.Am.Chem.Soc.,2000,122(29):7144-7145.
[32]A.Dijksman,L Arends and ILA.Sheldon,Efficient ruthenium-TEMPO-catalysed aerobic oxidation of aliphatic alcohols into aldehydes and ketones.,Chem.Commun.,1999,(16):1591-1592.
[33]J.Tsuji,Palladium reagents and catalysis,1995,New York:Wiley.
[34]S.S.Stab.l,J.L.Thorman,R.C.Nelson and M.A.Kozee,Oxygenation of nitrogen-coordinated palladium(0):Synthetic,structural,and mechanistic studies and implications for aerobic oxidation catalysis.,J.Am.Chem.Soc.,2001,123(29):7188-7189.
[35]S B.A.teinhoff,S.R.Fix and S.S.Stahl,Mechanistic study of alcohol oxidation by the Pd(OAc)_2/O_2/DMSO catalyst system and implications for the development of improved aerobic oxidation catalysts.,J.Am.Chem.Soc.,2002,124(5):766-767.
[36]B.A.Steinhoff and S.S.Stahl,Ligand-modulated palladium oxidation catalysis:Mechanistic insights into aerobic alcohol oxidation with the Pd(OAc)2/pyridine catalyst system.,Org.Lett.,2002,4(23):4179-4181.
[37]G.J.ten Brink,I.Arends,M.Hoogenraad,G.Verspui and R.A.Sheldon,Catalytic conversions in water.Part 22:Electronic effects in the(diimine)palladium(Ⅱ)-catalysed aerobic oxidation of alcohols,Adv.Synth.Catal.,2003,345(4):497-505.
[38]G.J.ten Brink,I.Arends and R.A.Sheldon,Catalytic conversions in water.Part 21:Mechanistic investigations on the palladium-catalysed aerobic oxidation of alcohols in water.,Adv.Synth.Catal.,2002,344(3-4):355-369.
[39]G.J.ten Brink,I.Arends and R.A.Sheldon,Green,catalytic oxidation of alcohols in water.Science,2000,287(5458):1636-1639.
[40]T.Nishimura,N.Kakiuchi,T.Onoue,K.Ohe and S.Uemura,Palladium(Ⅱ)-catalyzed oxidation of terminal alkenes to methyl ketones using molecular oxygen.,J.Chem.Soc.,Perkin Trans.1,2000(12):1915-1918.
[41]T.Nishimura,Y.Maeda,N.Kakiuchi and S.Uemura,Palladium(Ⅱ)-catalysed oxidation of alcohols under an oxygen atmosphere in a fluorous biphase system(FBS).,J.Chem.Soc.,Perkin Trans.1,2000(24):4301-4305.
[42]T.Nishimura,K.Ohe and S.Uemura,Palladium(Ⅱ)-catalyzed oxidative ring cleavage of tert-cyclobutanols under oxygen atmosphere.,J.Am.Chem.Soc.,1999,121(11):2645-2646.
[43]T.Nishimura,T.Onoue,K.Ohe and S.Uemura,Palladium(Ⅱ)-catalyzed oxidation of alcohols to aldehydes and ketones by molecular oxygen.,J.Org.Chem.,1999,64(18):6750-6755.
[44]T.Nishirnura,T.Onoue,K.Ohe and S.Uemura,Pd(OAc)_2-catalyzed oxidation of alcohols to aldehydes and ketones by molecular oxygen.,Tetrahedron Lett.,1998,39(33):6011-6014.
[45]D.R.Jensen and M.S.Sigman,Palladium catalysts for aerobic oxidative kinetic resolution of secondary alcohols based on mechanistic insight.,Org.Lett.,2003,5(1):63-65.
[46]J.A.Mueller,D.R.Jensen and M.S.Sigman,Dual role of(-)-sparteine in the palladium-catalyzed aerobic oxidative kinetic resolution of secondary alcohols.,J.Am.Chem.Soc.,2002,124(28):8202-8203.
[47]K.Hallman and C.Moberg,Palladium(Ⅱ)-catalyzed oxidation of alcohols with air as reoxidant.,Adv.Synth.Catal.,2001,343(3):260-263.
[48]M.Besson and P.Gallezot,Selective oxidation of alcohols and aldehydes on metal catalysts.,Catal.Today,2000,57(1-2):127-141.
[49]T.Matsumoto,M.Ueno,N.Wang and S.Kobayashi,Recent advances in immobilized metal catalysts for environmentally benign oxidation of alcohols.Chem.- Asian J.,2008,3(2):196-214.
[50]K.Kaneda,K.Ebitani,T.Mizugaki and K.Mori,Design of high-performance heterogeneous metal catalysts for green and sustainable chemistry.Bulletin of the Chemical Society of Japan,2006,79(7):981-1016.
[51]R.A Sheldon,Top.Curr.Chem,1993,164:23.
[52]R.A Sheldon,Chemtech,1991:566.
[53]R.A Sheldon,K.KochiJ.,Metal-Catalyzed Oxidation of Organic Compounds.1981,NewYork:Academic Press.
[54]U.R.Pillai and E.Sahle-Demessie,Oxidation of alcohols over Fe~(3+)/montmorillonite-K10using hydrogen peroxide.,Appl.Catal.A-Gen.,2003,245(1):103-109.
[55]S.Campestrini,M.Carraro,R.Ciriminna,M.Pagliaro and U.Tonellato,Alcohols oxidation with hydrogen peroxide promoted by TPAP-doped ormosils.,Tetrahedron Lett.,2004,45(39):7283-7286.
[56]K.M.Choi,S.Ikeda,S.Ishino,K.Ikeue,M.Matsumura and B.Ohtani,Oxidation of hydrophobie alcohols using aqueous hydrogen peroxide over amphiphilic silica particles loaded with titanium(Ⅳ) oxide as a liquid-liquid phase-boundary catalyst,Appl.Catal.A-Gen.,2005,278(2):269-274.
[57]G.Bianchini,M.Crucianelli,C.Crestini and R.Saladino,Catalytic MTO-based C-H insertion reactions of hydrogen peroxide:an investigation on the polymeric support role in heterogeneous conditions.,Top.Catal.,2006,40(1-4):221-227.
[58]M.Salavati-Niasari,Host(nanocavity of zeolite-Y)-guest(tetraaza annulene copper(Ⅱ)complexes) nanocomposite materials:Synthesis,characterization and liquid phase oxidation of benzyl alcohol.,J.Mol.Catal.A-Chem.,2006,245(1-2):192-199.
[59]M.Salavati-Niasari and F.Davar,Synthesis,characterization and catalytic activity of copper(Ⅱ) complexes of 14-membered macrocyclic ligand;3,10-dialkyl-dibenzo- 1,3,5,8,10,12-hexaazacyelotetradecanel/zeolite encapsulated nanocomposite materials.,lnorg.Chem.Commun.,2006,9(3):304-309.
[60]H.G.Manyar,G.S.Chaure and A.Kumar,Supported polyporoxometallates:Highly selective catalyst for oxidation of alcohols to aldehydes.,J.Mol.Catal.A-Chem.,2006,243(2):244-252.
[61]Y.Kon,Y.Usui and K.Sato,Oxidation of allylic alcohols to alpha,beta-unsaturated carbonyl compounds with aqueous hydrogen peroxide under orgattie solvent-free conditions.,Chem. Commun.,2007(42):4399-4400.
[62]H.Y.Han,S.J.Zhang,H.W.Hou,Y.T.Fan and Y.Zhu,Fe(Cu)-containing coordination polymers:Syntheses,crystal structures,and applications as benzyl alcohol oxidation catalysts.,Eur.J.Org.Chem.,2006(8):1594-1600.
[63]T.Mallat,A.Baiker,Oxidation of alcohols with molecular oxygen on platinum metal catalysts in aqueous solutions.,Catal.Today,1994,19:247-283.
[64]S.-I.Murahashi,N.Komiya,Ruthenium in Organic Synthesis,S.-I.Murahashi ed.2004,Weinheim:WIley-VCH.53.
[65]A.S.K.Hashmi,Gold-catalyzed organic reactions.,Chem.Rev.,2007,107(7):3180-3211.
[66]A.S.K.Hashmi and G.J.Hutchings,Gold catalysis.,Angew.Chem.Int.Edit.,2006,45(47):7896-7936.
[67]B.Hinzen,R.Lenz and S.V.Ley,Polymer supported perruthenate(PSP):Clean oxidation of primary alcohols to carbonyl compounds using oxygen as cooxidant Synthesis-Stuttgart,1998(7):977-979.
[68]B.Hinzen and S.V.Ley,Polymer supported perruthenate(PSP):A new oxidant for clean organic synthesis.,J.Chem.Soc.,Perkin Trans.1,1997(13):1907-1908.
[69]A.Bleloch,B.F.G.Johnson,S.V.Ley,A.J.Price,D.S.Shephard and A.W.Thomas,Modified mesoporous silicate MCM-41 materials:immobilised perruthenate - a new highly active heterogeneous oxidation catalyst for clean organic synthesis using molecular oxygen.,Chem.Commun.,1999(18):1907-1908.
[70]E.Lindner,T.Schneller,F.Auer and H.A.Mayer,Chemistry in interphases - A new approach to organometallic syntheses and catalysis.,Angew.Chem.Int.Edit.,1999,38(15):2155-2174.
[71]Z.L.Lu,E.Lindner and H.A.Mayer,Applications of sol-gel-processed interphase catalysts.,Chem.Rev.,2002,102(10):3543-3577.
[72]A.P.Wight and M.E.Davis,Design and preparation of organic-inorganic hybrid catalysts.,Chem.Rev.,2002,102(10):3589-3613.
[73]A.Corma and H.Garcia,Silica-bound homogenous catalysts as recoverable and reusable catalysts in organic synthesis.,Adv.Synth.Catul.,2006,348(12-13):1391-1412.
[74]E.Katz,L.Sheeney-Haj-Ichia and I.Willner,Magneto-switchable electrocatalytic and bioelectrocatalytic transformations.,Chem-Eur.J.,2002,8(18):4138-4148.
[75]J.M.Notestein and A.Katz,Enhancing heterogeneous catalysis through cooperative hybrid organic-inorganic interfaces.,Chem-Eur.J.,2006,12(15):3954-3965.
[76]R.Ciriminna and M.Pagliaro,Tailoring the catalytic performance of sol-gel-encapsulated tetra-n-propylammonium perruthenate(TPAP) in aerobic oxidation of alcohols.,Chem-Eur.J.,2003,9(20):5067-5073.
[77]M.Pagliaro and R.Cirimiuna,New recyclabie catalysts for aerobic alcohols oxidation:sol-gel ormosils doped with TPAP.,Tetrahedron Lett.,2001,42(27):4511-4514.
[78]R.Lenz and S.V.Ley,Tetra-n-propylammonium perruthenate(TPAP)-catalysed oxidations of alcohols using molecular oxygen as a co-oxidant,J.Chem.Soc.,Perkin Trans.1,1997(22):3291-3292.
[79]I.E.Marko,P.R.Giles,M.Tsukazaki,I.Chelle-Regnaut,C.J.Uroh and S.M.Brown,Efficient,aerobic,ruthenium-catalyzed oxidation of alcohols into aldehydes and ketones.,J.Am.Chem.Soc.,1997.119(51):12661-12662.
[80]R.Cidminna,S.Campestrini and M.Pagliaro,The effects of material properties on the activity of sol-gel entrapped perruthenate under supercritical conditions.,Adv.Synth.Catal.,2003,345(11):1261-1267,
[81]R.Ciriminna,S.Campestrini and M.Pagliaro,Fluorinated silica gels doped with TPAP as effective aerobic oxidation catalysts in dense phase carbon dioxide.,Adv.Synth.Catal.,2004,346(2-3):231-236.
[82]R.Ciriminna,P.Hesemann,J.J.E.Moreau,M.Carraro,S.Campestrini and M.Pagliaro,Aerobic oxidation of alcohols in carbon dioxide with silica-supported ionic liquids doped with perruthenate.,Chem-Eur.J.,2006,12(20):5220-5224.
[83]R.Ciriminna,S.Campestrini and M.Pagliaro,FluoRuGel:a versatile catalyst for aerobic alcohol oxidation in supercfitical carbon dioxide.,Org.Biomol.Chem.,2006,4(13):2637-2641.
[84]K.Mori,K.Yamagnchi,T.Mizugaki,K.Ebitani and K.Kaneda,Catalysis of a hydroxyapatite-bound Ru complex:efficient heterogeneous oxidation of primary amines to nitriles in the presence of molecular oxygen.,Chem.Commun.,2001(5):461-462.
[85]K.Mori,M.Tano,T.Mizugaki,K.Ebitani and K.Kaneda,Efficient heterogeneous oxidation of organosilanes to silanols catalysed by a hydroxyapatite-bound Ru complex in the presence of water and molecular oxygen.,.N.J.Chem.,2002,26(11):1536-1538.
[86]K.Mori,S.Kanai,T.Hara,T.Mizugaki,K.Ebitani,K.Jitsukawa and K.Kaneda,Development of ruthenium-hydroxyapatite-encapsulated superparamagnetic gamma-Fe_2O_3nanocrystallites as an efficient oxidation catalyst by molecular oxygen.,.Chem.Mater.,2007,19(6):1249-1256.
[87]Z.Opre,J.D.Grunwaldt,M.Maciejewski,D.Ferri,T.Mallat and A.Balker,Promoted Ru-hydroxyapatite:designed structure for the fast and highly selective oxidation of alcohols with oxygen.,J.Catal.,2005,230(2):406-419.
[88]H.B.Ji,T.Mizugaki,K.Ebitani and K.Kaneda,Highly efficient oxidation of alcohols to carbonyl compounds in the presence of molecular oxygen using a novel heterogeneous ruthenium catalyst.,Tetrahedron Lett.,2002,43(40):7179-7183.
[89]K.Ebitani,H.B.Ji,T.Mizugaki and K.Kaneda,Highly active trimetallic Ru/CeO_2/CoO(OH)catalyst for oxidation of alcohols in the presence of molecular oxygen.,J.Mol.Catal.A-Chem.,2004,212(1-2):161-170.
[90]K.Ebitani,K.Motokura,T.Mizugaki and K.Kaneda,Heterotrimetallic RuMnMn species on a hydrotalcite surface as highly efficient heterogeneous catalysts for liquid-phase oxidation of alcohols with molecular oxygen,Angew.Chem.Int.Edit.,2005,44(22):3423-3426.
[91]B.Z.Zhan,M.A.White,T.K.Sham,J.A.Pincock,R.J.Doucet,K.V.R.Rao,K.N.Robertson and T.S.Cameron,Zeolite-confined nano-RuO_2:A green,selective,and efficient catalyst for aerobic alcohol oxidation.,J..Am.Chem.Soc.,2003,125(8):2195-2199.
[92]K.Yamaguchi and N.Mizuno,Supported ruthenium catalyst for the heterogeneous oxidation of alcohols with molecular oxygen.,Angew.Chem.Int.Edit.,2002,41(23):4538-+.
[93]K.Yamaguchi and N.Mizuno,Scope,kinetics,and mechanistic aspects of aerobic oxidations catalyzed by ruthenium supported on alumina,Chem-Eur.J.,2003,9(18):4353-4361.
[94]K.Kamata,J.Kasai,K.Yamaguchi and N.Mizuno,Efficient heterogeneous oxidation of alkylarenes with molecular oxygen.,Org.Lett.,2004,6(20):3577-3580.
[95]N.M.Kazuya Yamaguchi,Efficient Heterogeneous Aerobic Oxidation of Amines by a Supported Ruthenium Catalyst.Angew.Chem.,2003,115:1518-1521.
[96]K.Yamaguchi T.KoLke,M.Kotani,M.Matsushita,S.Shinachi and N.Mizuno,Synthetic scope and mechanistic studies of Ru(OH)_x/Al_2O_3-catalyzed heterogeneous hydrogen-transfer reactions.,Chem-Eur.J.,2005,11(22):6574-6582.
[97]M.Matsushita,K.Kamata,K.Yamaguchi and N.Mizuno,Heterogeneously catalyzed aerobic oxidative biaryl coupling of 2-naphthols and substituted phenols in water.,J.Am.Chem.Soc.,2005,127(18):6632-6640.
[98]K.Yamaguchi,M.Matsushita and N.Mizuno,Efficient hydration of nitriles to amides in water,catalyzed by ruthenium hydroxide supported on alumina.,Angew.Chem.Int.Edit.,2004,43(12):1576-1580.
[99]D.V.Bavykin,A.A.Lapkin,P.K.Plucinski,J.M.Friedrich and F.C.Walsh,TiO_2nanotube-supported ruthenium(Ⅲ) hydrated oxide:A highly active catalyst for selective oxidation of alcohols by oxygen.,J.Catal.,2005,235(1):10-17.
[100]P.D.Stevens,J.D.Fan,H.M.R.Gardimalla,M.Yen and Y.Gao,Superparamagnetic nanoparticle-supported catalysis of Suzuki cross-coupling reactions.,Org.Lett.,2005,7(11):2085-2088.
[101]P.D.Stevens,G.F.Li,J.D.Fan,M.Yen and Y.Gao,Recycling of homogeneous Pd catalysts using superparamagnetic nanoparticles as novel soluble supports for Suzuki,Heck,and Sonogashira cross-coupling reactions.,Chem.Commun.,2005(35):4435-4437.
[102]M.Kotani,T.Koike,K.Yamaguchi and N.Mizuno,Ruthenium hydroxide on magnetite as a magnetically separable heterogeneous catalyst for liquid-phase oxidation and reduction.,Green Chem.,2006,8(8):735-741.
[103]T.Matsumoto,M.Ueno,J.Kobayashi,H.Miyamura,Y.Mori and S.Kobayashi,Polymer incarcerated ruthenium catalyst for oxidation of alcohols with molecular oxygen.,Adv.Synth.Catal.,2007,349(4-5):531-534.
[104]T.Matsumoto,M.Ueno,N.Wang,S.Kobayashi,Chem.Asian J.,Vol.3.,2008,239.
[105]T.Punniyamurthy,S.Velusamy and J.lqbal,Recent advances in transition metal catalyzed oxidation of organic substrates with molecular oxygen.,Chem.Rev.,2005,105(6):2329-2363.
[106]T.Mallat and A.BaLker,Oxidation of alcohols with molecular oxygen on solid catalysts.,Chem.Rev.,2004,104(6):3037-3058.
[107]T.Nishimura,N.Kakiuchi,M.Inoue and S.Uemura,Palladium(Ⅱ)-supported hydrotalcite as a catalyst for selective oxidation of alcohols using molecular oxygen..,Chem.Commun.,2000(14):1245-1246.
[108]N.Kakiuchi,Y.Maeda,T.Nishimura and S.Uemura,Pd(Ⅱ)-hydrotalcite-catalyzed oxidation of alcohols to aldehydes and ketones using atmospheric pressure of air.,J.Org.Chem.,2001,66(20):6620-6625.
[109]N.Kakiuchi,T.Nishimura,M.Inoue and S.Uemura,Pd(Ⅱ)-hydrotalcite-catalyzed selective oxidation of alcohols using molecular oxygen.,Bulletin of the Chemical Sociay of Japan,2001,74(1):165-172.
[110]K.Mori,K.Yamaguchi,T.Hara,T.Mizugaki,K.Ebitani and K.Kaneda,Controlled synthesis of hydroxyapatite-supported palladium complexes as highly efficient heterogeneous catalysts.,J.Am.Chem.Soc.,2002,124(39):11572-11573.
[111]K.Mori,T.Hara,T.Mizugaki,K.Ebitani and K.Kaneda,Hydroxyapatite-supported palladium nanoclusters:A highly active heterogeneous catalyst for selective oxidation of alcohols by use of molecular oxygen.,J.Am.Chem.Soc.,2004.126(34):10657-10666.
[112]Y.Uozumi and R.Nakao,Catalytic oxidation of alcohols in water under atmospheric oxygen by use of an amphiphilic resin-dispersion of a nanopalladium catalyst.,Angew.Chem.Int.Edit.,2003,42(2):194-+.
[113]B.Karimi,A.Zamani and J.H.Clark,A bipyridyl palladium complex covalently anchored onto silica as an effective and recoverable interphase catalyst for the aerobic oxidation of alcohols.Organometallics,2005,24(19):4695..4698.
[114]B.Karimi,S.Abedi,J.H.Clark and V.Budarin,Highly efficient aerobic oxidation of alcohols using a recoverable catalyst:The role of mesoporous channels of SBA-15 in stabilizing palladium nanoparticles.,Angew.Chem.Int.Edit.,2006,45(29):4776-4779.
[115]M.S.Kwon,N.Kim,C.M.Park,J.S.Lee,K.Y.Kang and J.Park,Palladium nanoparticles entrapped in aluminum hydroxide:Dual catalyst for alkene hydrogenation and aerobic alcohol oxidation.,Org.Lett.,2005,7(6):1077-1079.
[116]C.M.Park,M.S.Kwon,J.Park,Palladium Nanoparticles in Polymers:Catalyst for Alkene Hydrogenation,Carbon-Carbon Cross-Coupling Reactions,and Aerobic Alcohol Oxidation Synthesis,2006:3790-3794.
[117]U.R.Pillai and E.Sahle-Demessie,Selective oxidation of alcohols by molecular oxygen over a Pd/MgO catalyst in the absence of any additives.,Green Chem.,2004,6(3):161-165.
[118]H.L.Wu,Q.H.Zhang and Y.Wang,Solvent-free aerobic oxidation of alcohols catalyzed by an efficient and recyclable palladium heterogeneous catalyst.,Adv.Synth.Catal.,2005,347(10):1356-1360.
[119]F.Li,Q.H.Zhang and Y.Wang,Size dependence in solvent-flee aerobic oxidation of alcohols catalyzed by zeolite-supported palladium nanoparticles.,Appl.Catal.A-Gen.,2008,334(1-2):217-226.
[120]Li,C.L.,Q.H.Zhang,Y.Wang and H.L.Wan,Preparation,characterization and catalytic activity of palladium nanoparticles encapsulated in SBA- 15.,Catal.Lett.,2008,120(1-2):126-136.
[121]A.H.Lu,,W.C.Li,Z.S.Hou and F.Schuth,Molecular level dispersed Pd clusters in the carbon walls of ordered mesoporous carbon as a highly selective alcohol oxidation catalyst.,Chem.Commun.,2007(10):1038-1040.
[122]M.Haruta,N.Y.,T.Kobayashi,S.Iijima,J.Catal.,1989,115:301.
[123]L.Prati and M.Rossi,Gold on carbon as a new catalyst for selective liquid phase oxidation of diols.,J.Catal.,1998,176(2):552-560.
[124]F.Porta,L.Prati,M.Rossi,S.Coluccia and G.Martra,Metal sols as a useful tool for heterogeneous gold catalyst preparation:reinvestigation of a liquid phase oxidation.,Catal.Today,2000,61(1-4):165-172.
[125]C.Bianchi,F.Porta,L.Prati and M.Rossi,Selective liquid phase oxidation using gold catalysts.,Top.Catal.,2000,13(3):231-236.
[126]L.Prati and F.Porta,Oxidation of alcohols and sugars using Au/C catalysts - Part 1.Alcohols.,Appl.Catal.A-Gen.,2005,291(1-2):199-203.
[127]S.Carrettin,P.McMorn,P.Johnston,K.Griffin and G.J.Hutchings,Selective oxidation of glycerol to glyceric acid using a gold catalyst in aqueous sodium hydroxide.,Chem.Commun.,2002(7):696-697.
[128]A.Abad,C.Almela,A.Corma and H.Garcia,Efficient chemoselective alcohol oxidation using oxygen as oxidant.Superior performance of gold over palladium catalysts.Tetrahedron,2006,62(28):6666--6672.
[129]A.Abad,P.Concepcion,A.Corma and H.Garcia,A collaborative effect between gold and a support induces the selective oxidation of alcohols.,Angew.Chem.Int.Edit.,2005,44(26):4066-4069.
[130]A.Abad,C.Almela,A.Corma and H.Garcia,Unique gold chemoselectivity for the aerobic oxidation of allylic alcohols.,Chem.Commun.,2006(30):3178-3180.
[131]D.I.Enache,D.W.Knight and G.J.Hutchings,Solvent-free oxidation of primary alcohols to aldehydes using supported gold catalysts.,Catal.Lett.,2005,103(1-2):43-52.
[132]N.Dimitratos,J.A.Lopez-Sanchez,D.Morgan,A.Carley,L.Prati,and G.J.Hutchings,Solvent free liquid phase oxidation ofbenzyl alcohol using Au supported catalysts prepared using a sol immobilization technique.,Catal.Today,2007,122(3-4):317-324.
[133]N.F.Zheng and G.D.Stucky,Promoting gold nanocatalysts in solvent-free selective aerobic oxidation of alcohols.,Chem.Commun.,2007(37):3862-3864.
[134]I.S.Nielsen,E.Taaming,K.Egeblad,R.Madsen and C.H.Christensen,Direct aerobic oxidation of primary alcohols to methyl esters catalyzed by a heterogeneous gold catalyst.,Catal.Lett.,2007,116(1-2):35-40.
[135]H.Miyamura,R.Matsubara,Y.Miyazaki and S.Kobayashi,Aerobic oxidation of alcohols at room temperature and atmospheric conditions catalyzed by reusable gold nanoclusters stabilized by the benzene rings of polystyrene derivatives.,Angew.Chem.Int.Edit.,2007,46(22):4151-4154.
[136]R.Akiyama and S.Kobayashi,The polymer incarcerated method for the preparation of highly active heterogeneous palladium catalysts.,J.Am.Chem.Soc.,2003,125(12):3412-3413.
[137]K.Okamoto,R.Akiyama and S.Kobayashi,Recoverable,reusable,highly active,and sulfur-tolerant polymer incarcerated palladium for hydrogenation,J.Org.Chem.,2004,69(8):2871-2873.
[138]K.Okamoto,R.Akiyama and S.Kobayashi,Suzuki-Miyaura coupling catalyzed by polymer-incarcerated palladium,a highly active,recoverable,and reusable Pd catalyst.,Org.Lett.,2004,6(12):1987-1990.
[139]R.Akiyama,T.Sagae,M.Sugiura,S.Kobayashi,J.Organomet.Chem,2004,689:3806.
[140]K.Okamoto,R.Akiyama,H.Yoshida,T.Yoshida,and S.Kobayashi,Formation of nanoarchitectures including suhnanometer palladium clusters and thor use as highly active catalysts.,J.Am.Chem.Soc.,2005,127(7):2125-2135.
[141]H.Hagio,M.Suginra and S.Kobayashi,Immobilization of a platinum catalyst using the polymer incarcerated(PI) method and application to catalytic reactions.Synlett,2005(5):813-816.
[142]H.Hagio,M.Sugiura and S.Kobayashi,Practical preparation method of polymer-incarcerated(PI) palladium catalysts using Pd(Ⅱ) salts.,Org.Lett.,2006,8(3):375-378.
[143]R.Nishio,M.Sugiura and S.Kobayashi,Novel polymer incarcerated palladium with phosphinated polymers:Active catalyst for Suzuki-Miyanra coupling without external phosphines.,Org.Lett.,2005,7(22):4831-4834.
[144]R.Nishio,M.Sugiura and S.Kobayashi,Semi-hydrogenation of alkynes using phosphinated polymer incarcerated(PI) palladium catalysts.,Org.Biomol.Chem.,2006,4(6):992-995.
[145]Y.Miyazaki,H.Hagio and S.Kobayashi,Practical access to the polymer incarcerated platinum(PI Pt) catalyst and its application to hydrogenation.,Org.Biomol.Chem.,2006,4(13):2529-2531.
[146]J.Kobayashi,Y.Mori,K.Okamoto,R.Akiyama,M.Ueno,T.Kitamori,and S.Kobayashi,A microfluidic device for conducting gas-liquid-solid hydrogenation reactions.Science,2004,304(5675):1305-1308.
[147]J.Kobayashi,Y.Mori and S.Kobayashi,Triphase hydrogenation reactions utilizing palladium-immobilized capillary column reactors and a demonstration of suitability for large scale synthesis.,Adv.Synth.Catal.,2005,347(15):1889-1892.
[148]J.Kobayashi,Y.Mori and S.Kobayashi,Hydrogenation reactions using scCO_2 as a solvent in microchannel reactors.,Chem.Commun.,2005(20):2567-2568.
[149]N.Dimitratos,F.Porta,L.Prati and A.Villa,Synergetic effect of platinum or palladium on gold catalyst in the selective oxidation of D-sorbitol.,Catal.Lett.,2005,99(3-4):181-185.
[150]C.L.Bianchi,P.Canton,N.Dimitratos,F.Porta and L.Prati,Selective oxidation of glycerol with oxygen using mono and bimetallic catalysts based on Au,Pd and Pt metals.,Catal.Today,2005,102:203-212.
[151]D.Wang,A.Villa,F.Porta,D.S.Su and L.Prati,Single-phase bimetallic system for the selective oxidation of giycerol to glycerate.,Chem.Commun.,2006(18):1956-1958.
[152]A.Villa,C.Campione and L.Prati,Bimetallic gold/palladium catalysts for the selective liquid phase oxidation of glycerol.,Catal.Lett.,2007,115(3-4):133-136.
[153]L.Prati,A.Villa,F.Porta,D.Wang and D.S.Su,Single-phase gold/palladium catalyst:The nature of synergistic effect.,Catal.Today,2007,122(3-4):386-390.
[154]N.Dimitratos,A.Villa,D.Wang,F.Porta,D.S.Su,and L.Prati,Pd and Pt catalysts modified by alloying with Au in the selective oxidation of alcohols.,J.Catal.,2006,244(1):113-121.
[155]D.I.Enache,J.K.Edwards,P.Landon,B.Solsona-Espriu,A.F.Carley,A.A.Herzing,M.Watanabe,C.J.Kiely,D.W.Knight and G.J.Hutchings,Solvent-free oxidation of primary alcohols to aldehydes using Au-Pd/TiO_2 catalysts.Science,2006,311(5759):362-365.
[156]P.Haider and A.BaLker,Gold supported on Cu-Mg-Al-mixed oxides:Strong enhancement of activity in aerobic alcohol oxidation by concerted effect of copper and magnesium.,J.Catal.,2007,248(2):175-187.
[157]R.Anderson,K.Griffin,P.Johnston and P.L.Alsters,Selective oxidation of alcohols to carbonyl compounds and carboxylic acids with platinum group metal catalysts.,Adv.Synth.Catal.,2003,345(4):517-523.
[158]Y.M.A.Yamada,T.Arakawa,H.Hocke and Y.Uozumi,A nanoplatinum catalyst for aerobic oxidation of alcohols in water.,Angew.Chem.Int.Edit.,2007,46(5):704-706.
[159]C.Donze,P.Korovchenko,P.Gallezot and M.Besson,Aerobic selective oxidation of (hetero) aromatic primary alcohols to aldehydes or carboxylic acids over carbon supported platinum.Appl.Catal.B-Environ,2007,70(1-4):621-629.
[160]P.Korovchenko,C.Donze,P.Gallezot and M.Besson,Oxidation of primary alcohols with air on carbon-supported platinum catalysts for the synthesis of aldehydes or acids.,Catal.Today,2007,121(1-2):13-21.
[161]M.Hayashi,K.Yamada,S.Nakayama,H.Hayashi and S.Yamazaki,Environmentally benign oxidation using a palladium catalyst system,Green Chem.,2000.2(6):257-260.
[162]C.Keresszegi,T.Mallat and A.Baiker,Selective transfer dehydrogenation of aromatic alcohols on supported palladium.N.J.Chem.,2001,25(9):1163-1167.
[163]N.R.Fededca Zaccheria,Rinaldo Psaro,Achille Fusi,Anaerobic oxidation of non-activated secondary alcohols over Cu/Al_2O_3.,Chem.Commun.,2001,5:253-255.
[164]J.H.Choi,N.Kim,Y.J.Shin,J.H.Park,and J.Park,Heterogeneous shvo-type ruthenium catalyst:dehydrogenation of alcohols without hydrogen acceptors.,Tetrahedron Lett.,2004,45(24):4607-4610.
[165]R.Karvembu and S.Pdyarega,Ru/gnmma-Al_2O_3 as reusable catalyst for dehydrogenation of alcohols without hydrogen acceptor.React.Kinet.Catal.Lett.,2006,88(2):333-338.
[166]R.Karvembu,R.Prabhakaran,K.Senthilkumar,P.Viswanathamurthi,and K.Natarajan,Ru/Al_2O_3-catalyzed transfer dehydrogenation of alcohols.React.Kinet.Catal.Lett.,2005,86(1):211-216.
[167]T.Mitsudome,Y.Mikami,H.Funai,T.Mizugaki,K.Jitsukawa and K.Kaneda,Heterogeneous catalysis - Oxidant-free alcohol dehydrogenation using a reusable hydrotalcite-supported silver nanoparticle catalyst.,Angew.Chem.Int.Edit.,2008,47(1):138-141.
[1]K.Ebitani,K.Motokura,K.Mori,T.Mizugaki,and K.Kaneda,Reconstructed hydrotalcite as a highly active heterogeneous base catalyst for carbon-carbon bond formations in the presence of water.,J.Org.Chem.,2006.71(15):5440-5447.
[2]Cr.Contsscu,C.Sivaraj,J.A.Schwarz,Selective ion exchange of palladium on alumina-silica composite oxides.,Appl.Catal.,1991,74:95-108.
[3]J.A.Schwarz,C.Contescu,A.Contescu,Chem.Rev.,1995,95:477.
[4]N.Santhanam,T.A.Conforti,W.Spieker,J.R.Regalbuto,Catal.Today,1994.21:141.
[5]M.Trueba and S.P.Trasatti,gamma-Alumina as a support for catalysts:A review of fundamental aspects.,Eur.J.Inorg.Chem.,2005(17):3393-3403.
[6]Ch.Sivaraj,C.Contescu and J.A.Schwarz,Effect of Calcination Temperature of Alumina on the Adsorption/Impregnation of Pd(Ⅱ) Compounds.,J.Catal.,1991,132:422-431.
[7]N.Mahata and V.Vishwanathan,Influence of palladium precursors on structural properties and phenol hydrogenation characteristics of supported palladium catalysts.,J.Catal.,2000,196(2):262-270.
[8]A.Mastalir,B.Rac,Z.Kiraly and A.Molnar,In situ generation of Pd nanoparticles in MCM-41 and catalytic applications in liquid-phase alkyne hydrogenations.,J.Mol.Catal.A-Chem.,2007,264(I-2):170-178.
[9]F.Li,Q.H.Zhang,and Y.Wang,Size dependence in solvent-free aerobic oxidation of alcohols catalyzed by zeolite-supported palladium nanoparticles.,Appl.Catal.A -Gen.,2008,334(1-2):217-226.
[1]Y.J.Jung,Y.Homma,T.Ogino,Y.Kobayashi,D.Takagi,B.Q.Wei,R.Vajtai and P.M.Ajayan,High-density,large-area single-walled carbon nanotube networks on nanoscale patterned substrates.,J.Phys.Chem.B,2003,107(28):6859-6864.
[2]B.Yoon,H.Kim and C.M.Wai,Dispersing palladium nanoparticles using a water-in-oil microemulsion - homogenization of heterogeneous catalysis.,Chem.Commun.,2003(9):1040-1041.
[3]B.Yoon and C.M.Wai,Microemulsion-tumplated synthesis of carbon nanotubo-supported Pd and Rh nanoparticles for catalytic applications.,J.Am.Chem.Soc.,2005,127(49):17174-17175.
[4]J.A.Rojas-Chapana,M.A.Correa-Duarte,Z.F.Ren,K.Kempa and M.Giersig,Enhanced introduction of gold nanoparticles into vital Acidothiobacillus fen'ooxidans by carbon nanotube-based microwave electroporation.,Nano Lett.,2004,4(5):985-988.
[5]T.Teranishi and M.Miyake,Size control of palladium nanoparticles and their crystal structures.,Chem.Mater,1998,10(2):594-600.
[6]T.Sakai and P.Alexandridis,Mechanism of gold metal ion reduction,nanoparticle growth and size control in aqueous amphiphilic block copolymer solutions at ambient conditions.,J.Phys.Chem.B,,2005,109(16):7766-7777.
[7]R.Narayanan and M.A.El-Sayed,Some aspects of colloidal nanoparticle stability,catalytic activity,and recycling potential.Topics in Catalysis,2008,47(1-2):15-21.
[8]B.Lee,H.G.Zhu,Z.T.Zhang,S.H.Overbury and S.Dai,Preparation of bicontinuous mesoporous silica and organosilica materials containing gold nanoparticles by co-synthesis method.,Micropor Mesopor.Mat.,2004,70(1-3):71-80.
[9]C.L.Li,Q.H.Zhang,Y.Wang and H.L.Wan,Preparation,characterization and catalytic activity of palladium nanopartieles encapsulated in SBA-15.,Catal.Lett.,2008,120(1-2):126-136.
[10]F.Li,Q.H.Zhang and Y.Wang,Size dependence in solvent-free aerobic oxidation of alcohols catalyzed by zeolite-supported palladium nanopartieles.,Appl.Catal.A -Gen.,2008,334(1-2):217-226.
[11]A.Cardllo,J.A.Swartz,J.M.Gamba,R.S.Kane,N.Chakrapani,B.Q.Wei and P.M.Ajayan,Noncovalent funetionalization of graphite and carbon nanotubes with polymer multilayers and gold nanopartieles.Nano Lett.,2003,3(10):1437-1440.
[12]B.Kadmi,S.Abcdi,J.H.Clark and V.Budarin,Highly efficient aerobic oxidation of alcohols using a recoverable catalyst:The role of mesoporous channels of SBA-15 in stabilizing palladium nanopartieles.,Angew.Chem.Int.Edit.,2006,45(29):4776-4779.
[13]M.C.Abello,M.F.Gomez and O.Ferretti,Mo/gamma-Al_2O_3 catalysts for the oxidative dehydrogenation of propane.Effect of Mo loading.,Appl.Catal.A -Gen.,2001,207(1-2): 421-431.
[14]Ch.Sivaraj,Cr.Contsscu,J.A.Schwarz,Effect of Calcination Temperature of Alumina on the Adsorption/Impregnation of Pd(Ⅱ) Compounds.,J.Catal.,1991,132:422-431.
[15]Cr.Contsscu,Ch.Sivarajar.,J.A.Schwarz,Selective ion exchange of palladium on alumina-silica composite oxides.Appl.Catal.,1991,74:95-108.
[16]H.L.Wu,Q.H.Zhang and Y.Wang,Solvent-free aerobic oxidation of alcohols catalyzed by an efficient and recyclable palladium heterogeneous catalyst.,Adv.Synth.Catal.,2005,347(10):1356-1360.
[17]A.Rakai,D.Tessier.,F.Bozon-Verduraz,Newd.Chem.,1992,16:8.
[18]A.N.Pestryakov,V.V.Lunin,S.Fuentes,N.Bogdanchikova and A.Barrera,Influence of modifying additives on the electronic state of supported palladium.,Chem.Phys.Lett.,2003,367(1-2):102-108.
[19]L.S.F.Feio,C.E.Hori,S.Damyanova,E B.Noronha,W.H.Cassinelli,C.M.P.Marques and J.M.C.Bueno,The effect of ceda content on the properties of Pd/CeO_2/Al_2O_3 catalysts for steam reforming of methane.,Appl.Catal.A-Uen,2007,316(1):107-116.
[20]K.Moil,T.Hara,T.Mizugaki,K.Ebitani and K.Kaneda,Hydroxyapatite-supported palladium nanoclusters:A highly active heterogeneous catalyst for selective oxidation of alcohols by use of molecular oxygen.,J.Am.Chem.Soc.,2004,126(34):10657-10666.
[21]J.F.Moulder,W.F.Stickle.,P.E.Sobol,K.D.Bomben,Handbook of X-ray Photoeelectron Spectroscopy.,1995,Eden Prairie,MN:Physical Electronics.
[22]S.T.Homeyer,W.M.H.Saehtler.,d.Catal.,1989,117:91.
[23]N.Mahata and V.Vishwanathan,Influence of palladium precursors on struetttral properties and phenol hydrogenation characteristics of supported palladium catalysts.,J.Catal.,2000,196(2):262-270.
[1]T.L.Stuchinskaya and I.V.Kozhevnikov,Liquid-phase oxidation of alcohols with oxygen catalysed by modified palladium(Ⅱ) oxide.Catal.Comm.,2003,4(8):417-422.
[2]K.Wada,K.Yano,T.Kondo and T.Mitsudo,Preparation of palladium oxide nanoparticles-encapsulating porous oxide catalysts for oxidation utilizing a silsesquioxane ligand.Catal.Today,2006,117(1-3):242-247.
[3]J.D.Grunwaldt,M.Caravati and A.Baiker,Oxidic or metallic palladium:Which is the active phase in Pd-catalyzed aerobic alcohol oxidation?,J.Phys.Chem.B,2006,110(51):25586-25589.
[4]K.Mori,T.Hara,T.Mizugaki,K.Ebitani and K.Kaneda,Hydroxyapatite-supported palladium nanoclusters:A highly active heterogeneous catalyst for selective oxidation of alcohols by use of molecular oxygen.J Am.Chem.Soc.,2004,126(34):106:57-10666.
[5]K.Mori,K.Yamaguchi,T.Hara,T.Mizugaki,K.Ebitani and K.Kaneda,Controlled synthesis of hydroxyapatite-supported palladium complexes as highly efficient heterogeneous catalysts.J.Am.Chem.Soc.,2002,124(39):11572-11573.
[6]U.R.Pillai and E.Sahle-Demessie,Selective oxidation of alcohols by molecular oxygen over a Pd/MgO catalyst in the absence of any additives.Green Chem.,2004,6(3):161-165.
[7]Y.Uozumi and R.Nakao,Catalytic oxidation of alcohols in water under atmospheric oxygen by use of an amphiphilic resin-dispersion of a nanopalladium catalyst.Angew.Chem.Int.Edit.,2003,42(2):194-+.
[8]M.S.Kwon,N.Kim,C.M.Park,J.S.Lee,K.Y.Kang and J.Park,Palladium nanoparticles entrapped in aluminum hydroxide:Dual catalyst for alkene hydrogenation and aerobic alcohol oxidation.Org.Lett.,2005,7(6):1077-1079.
[9]H.L.Wu,Q.H.Zhang and Y.Wang,Solvent-free aerobic oxidation of alcohols catalyzed by an efficient and recyclable palladium heterogeneous catalyst.Adv.Synth.& Catal,2005,347(10):1356-1360.
[10]N.Dimitratos,A.Villa,D.Wang,F.Porta,D.S.Su and L.Prati,Pd and Pt catalysts modified by alloying with Au in the selective oxidation of alcohols.J.Catal.,2006,244(1):113-121.
[11]F.Li,Q.H.Zhang and Y.Wang,Size dependence in solvent-free aerobic oxidation of alcohols catalyzed by zeolite-supported palladium nanoparticles.Appl.Catal.A-Gene.,2008,334(1-2):217-226.
[12]C.L.Li,Q.H.Zhang,Y.Wang and H.L.Wan,Preparation,characterization and catalytic activity of palladium nanoparticles encapsulated in SBA-15.Catal.Lett.,2008,120(1-2):126-136.
[13]D.I.Enache,J.K.Edwards,P.Landon,B.Solsona-Esprin,A.F.Carley,A.A.Herzing,M.Watanabe,C.J.Kiely,D.W.Knight and G.J.Hutchings,Solvent-free oxidation of primary alcohols to aldehydes using Au-Pd/TiO2 catalysts.Science,2006,311(5759):362-365.
[14]A.T.Bell,The impact of nanoscience on heterogeneous catalysis.Science,2003,299(5613):1688-1691.
[15]B.Veisz,Z.Kiraly,L.Toth and B.Pecz,Catalytic probe of the surface statistics of palladium crystallites deposited on montmorillonite.Chem.Mater.,2002,14(7):2882-2888.
[16]Y.Li,E.Boone and M.A.E1-Sayed,Size effects of PVP-Pd nanoparticles on the catalytic Suzuki reactions in aqueous solution.Langmuir,2002,18(12):4921-4925.
[17]Y.F.Han,D.Kumar and D.W.Goodman,Particle size effects in vinyl acetate synthesis over Pd/SiO2.J.Catal.,2005,230(2):353-358.
[18]F.H.R.van Hardeveld,Surf.Sci,1969,15:189.
[19]C.O.Bennet,Che,M.,J.Catal.,1989,120:293.
[20]D.Ferri,C.Mondelli,F.Krumeich and A.Balker,Discrimination of active palladium sites in catalytic liquid-phase oxidation of benzyl alcohol.J.Phys.Chem.B,2006,110(46):22982-22986.
[21]G.J.ten Brink,I.Arends,M.Hoogenraad,G.Verspui and R.A.Sheldon,Catalytic conversions in water.Part 22:Electronic effects in the(diimine)palladium(Ⅱ)-catalysed aerobic oxidation of alcohols.Adv.Synth.& Catal,2003,345(4):497-505.
[22]J.A.Mueller,C.P.Goller and M.S.Sigman,Elucidating the significance of beta-hydride elimination and the dynamic role of acid/base chemistry in a palladium-catalyzed aerobic oxidation of alcohols.J.Am.Chem.Soc.,2004,126(31):9724-9734.
[23]K.Yamaguchi and N.Mizuno,Supported ruthenium catalyst for the heterogeneous oxidation of alcohols with molecular oxygen.Angew.Chem.Int.Edit.,2002,41(23):4538-+.
[24]K.Yamaguchi and N.Mizuno,Scope,kinetics,and mechanistic aspects of aerobic oxidations catalyzed by ruthenium supported on alumina.Chem.Euro.J.,2003,9(18):4353-4361.
[25]N.F.Zheng,J.Fan and G.D.Stucky,One-step one-phase synthesis of rnonodisperse noble-metallic nanoparticles and their colloidal crystals.J.Am.Chem.Soc.,2006,128(20):6550-6551.
[26]N.F.Zheng and G.D.Stucky,A general synthetic strategy for oxide-supported metal nanoparticle catalysts.J.Am.Chem.Soc.,2006,128(44):14275-14280.
[1]T.Matsumoto,M.Ueno,N.Wang and S.Kobayashi,Recent advances in immobilized metal catalysts for environmentally benign oxidation of alcohols.,Chem.- Asian J.,2008,3(2):196-214.
[2]R.Karvembu,R.Prabhakaran,K.Senthilkumar,P.Viswanathamurthi,and K.Natarajan,Ru/Al_2O_3-catalyzed transfer dehydrogenation of alcohols.,React.Kinet.Catal.L.,2005,86(1):211-216.
[3]M.Hayashi,K.Yamada,S.Nakayama,H.Hayashi,and S.Yamazaki,Environmentally benign oxidation using a palladium catalyst system.,Green Chem.,2000,2(6):257-260.
[4]C.Keresszegi,T.Mallat,and A.Balker,Selective transfer dehydrogenation of aromatic alcohols on supported palladium.,N.J.Chem.,2001,25(9):1163-1167.
[5]W.Song,R.J.Shi,J.L.Liu,E.S.Zhan,Z.S.Li,Y.D.Xu,and W.J.Shen,Transfer dehydrogenation of alcohols over ceria-supported Cu,Ir,and Pd catalysts.,Chinese J.Catal.,2007,28(2):106-108
[6]N.R.F.Zaccheria,R.Psaro,Achille Fusi,Anaerobic oxidation of non-activated secondary alcohols over Cu/Al_2O_3.,Chem.Comm.,2001,5:253-255.
[7]W.H.Kim,I.S.Park,and J.Park,Accepter-free alcohol dehydrogenation by recyclable ruthenium catalyst.,Org.Lett.,2006,8(12):2543-2545.
[8]T.Mitsudome,Y.Mikami,H.Funai,T.Mizugaki,K.Jitsukawa,and K.Kaneda,Oxidant-free alcohol dehydrogenation using a reusable hydrotalcite-supported silver nanoparticle catalyst.,Angew.Chem.Int.Edit.,2008,47(1):138-141.
[9]J.H.Choi,N.Kim,YJ.Shin,J.H.Park,and J.Park,Heterogeneous shvo-type ruthenium catalyst:dehydrogenation of alcohols without hydrogen accepters.,Tetrahedron Lett.,2004,45(24):4607-4610
[10]J.A.Dean,Lange's handbook of chemistry.15th ed.
[11]D.Ferri,C.Keresszegi,T.Mallat and A.Baiker,Unraveling the surface re.actions during liquid-phase oidation of benzyl alcohol on Pd/Al_2O_3:an in situ ATR-IR Study.,J.Phys.Chem.B,2005,109:958-967.
[12]M.C.Abello,M.E Gomez and O.Ferretti,Mo/gamma-A1203 catalysts for the oxidative dehydrogenation of propane.Effect of Me loading.,Appl.Catal.A -Gen.,2001,207(1-2):421-431.
[13]S.Narayanan,and K.Krishna,Structural influence of hydrotalcite on Pd dispersion and phenol hydrogenation.,Chem.Comm.,1997(20):1991 - 1992.
[14]杨漂萍,吴通好,水滑石的结构性质、合成及催化应用.,石化技术与应用,2005,23:61-66.
[15]J.F.Moulder,W.F.Stickle.,P.E.Sobol,K.D.Bomben,Handbook of X-ray Photocelcctron Spectroscopy.,1995,Eden Prairie,MN:Physical Electronics.
[16]J.F.Boily and T.M.Seward,Palladium(Ⅱ) chloride complexation:Spectrophotometric investigation in aqueous solutions fi'om 5 to 125 ~C and theoretical insight into Pd-C1 and Pd-OH2 interactions.,Geochimica Et Cosmochimica Acta,2005,69(15):3773-3789.
[17]D.T.A.Rakai,F.Bozon-Verduraz,NewJ.Chem.,1992,16:8.
[18]L.S.F.Fvio,C.E.Hori,S.Damyanova,.F.B.Noronha,W.H.Cassinelli,C.M.P.Marques and J.M.C.Bueno,The effect of ceria content on the properties of Pd/CeO_2/Al_2O_3 catalysts for steam reforming of methane.,Appl.Catal.a-Gen.,2007,316(1):p.107-116.
[19]A.N.Pestryakov,V.V.Lunin,S.Fucntes N.Bogdanchikova and A.Barrvra,Influence of modifying additives on the electronic state of supported palladium.,Chem.Phys.Lett.,2003.367(1-2):102-108.
[20]M.Campanati,S.F.,O.Piccolo,A.Vaccari,and A.Zicmanis,Catalytic condensation of aromatic aldehydes with acetone on activated Mg-AI mixed oxides.,Catal.Comm,2004,5(3):145-150.
[21]D.J.L.J.Roclofs,A.J.van Dillen and K.P.de Jong,On the structure of activated hydrotalcites as solid base catalysts for liquid-phase aldol condensation.,J.Catal.,2001,203(I):184-191
[22]T.S.M.Onaka,Y.Masui,P,ecent studies on solid acid and solid base catalyisis for fine chemicals synthesis.,J.Syn.Org.Chem.(Japan),2005,63:492.
[23]G.Kovtun,T.K.,S.Hladyi,M.Starchevsky,Y.Pazdersky,I.Stolarov,M.Vargaflik and I.Moiseev,Oxidation,redox disproportionation and chain termination reactions catalysed by the Pd-561 giant cluster.,Adv.Synth.Catal,2002,344:957-964.
[24]M.K.Starchcvsky,S.L.H.,Y.A.Pazdersky,M.N.Vargaftik and I.I.Moiseev,Giant Pd-561clusters:onset to new catalytic properties.,J.Mol.Catal.A:Chem.,1999,146:229-236.
[25]J.A.MuelIer and M.S.Sigman,Mechanistic investigations of the palladium-catalyzed aerobic oxidative kinetic resolution of secondary alcohols using(-)-sparteine.,J.Am.Chem.Soc.,2003.125(23):7005-7013.
[26]邓景发,催化作用原理导论.近代化学基础原理丛书.1984,长春:吉林人民出版社.334.
[27]H.Knozinger,P.Ratnasamy,Catalytic Aluminas:Surface Models and Characterization of Surface Sites.,Catal.Rev.,1978,17(1):31-70.
[28]H.Knozinger,The Chemistry of the Hydroxy Groups,S.Patai ed.,1971,London:Wiley-Interscience.641.
[29]H.Knozinger,Dehydration of Alcohols on Aluminum Oxide.Angew.Chem.,1968,80:778.
[30]H.Pines,J.M.,Adv.Catal.,1966,16:49.
[31]W.K.Hall,F.E.L.,H.R.Gerberich.,J.Catal.,1964,3:512.
[32]J.A.Mueller,C.P.Goller,and M.S.Sigrnan,Elucidating the significance of beta-hydride elimination and the dynamic role of acid/base chemistry in a palladium-catalyzed aerobic oxidation of alcohols.J.Am.Chem.Soc.,2004,126(31):9724-9734.
[33]R.C.Larock and K.P.Petcrson,Palladium-catalyzed oxidation of primary and secondary allylic and benzylic alcohols.,J.Org.Chem.,1998.63:3185-3189.
[2]J.R.Holum,Study of the chromium(VI)oxide-pyridine complex,J.Org.Chem.,1961,26:4814-4816.
[3]D.G.Lee and U.A.Spitzer,Aqueous dichromate oxidation of primary alcohols,J.Org.Chem.,1970,35:3589-3590.
[4]G.Cainelli and G.Cardillo,Chromium oxidants in organic chemistry.1984,Berlin:Springer.
[5]J.Muzart,Chromium-catalyzed oxidations in organic synthesis.,Chem.Rev.,1992,92:113-140.
[6]S.V.Ley and A.Madin,Comprehensive organic synthesis.Pergamon,B.M.Trost,I.Fleming,S.V.Ley,ed.Vol.7.1991:Oxford.251-289.
[7]S.L.Regen and C.Koteel,Activation through impregnation.Permanganate-coated solid supports.,J.Am.Chem.Soc.,1977,99:3837-3838.
[8]F.M.Menger and C.Lee,Synthetically useful oxidations at solid sodium permanganate surfaces.,Tetrahedron Lett.,1981,22:1655-1656.
[9]L.M.Berkowitz and P.N.Rylander,Use of ruthenium tetroxide as a multi-purpose oxidant.,J.Am.Chem.Soc.,1958,80:6682-6684.
[10]W.P.Griffith,Chem.Soc.Rev,1992,21:179-185.
[11]S.V.Ley,J.Norman,W.P.Griffith and S.P.Marsden,Tetrapropylammonium perruthenate,Pr_4N~+ RuO_4~-,TPAP:A Catalytic Oxidant for Organic Synthesis.Synthesis,1994:639-666.
[12]T.V.Lee,,Comprehensive organic synthesis.Pergamon,B.M.Trost,I.Fleming,S.V.Ley,ed.Vol.7.1991:Oxford.291-303.
[13]R.A.Sheldon,I.Arends and A.Dijksman,New developments in catalytic alcohol oxidations for fine chemicals synthesis,Catal.Today,2000,57(1-2):157-166.
[14]R.A.Sheldon,I.Arends,G.J.Ten Brink and A.Dijksman,Green,catalytic oxidations of alcohols.,Accounts Chem.Res.,2002,35(9):774-781.
[15]D.Lenoir,Selective oxidation of organic compounds - Sustainable catalytic reactions with oxygen and without transition metals?,Angew.Chem.lnt.Edit.,2006,45(20):3206-3210.
[16]J.Muzart,Palladium-catalysed oxidation of primary and secondary alcohols.Tetrahedron,2003,59(31):5789-5816.
[17]M.S.Sigman and D.R.Jensen,Ligand-modulated palladium-catalyzed aerobic alcohol oxidations.,Accounts Chem.Res.,2006,39(3):221-229.
[18]M.J.Schultz and M.S.Sigman,Recent advances in homogeneous transition metal-catalyzed aerobic alcohol oxidations.Tetrahedron,2006,62(35):8227-8241.
[19]B.Z.Zhan and A.Thompson,Recent developments in the aerobic oxidation of alcohols.Tetrahedron,2004,60(13):2917-2935.
[20]J.W.Whittaker,Metal ions in biological systems,H.Sigel,Sigel,A.ed.Vol.30.1994,New York.315-360.
[21]P.F.I.Knowles and N.Ito,Perspectives in bio-inorganic chemistry,R.W.Hay,J.R.Dilworth,Nolan,K.B.ed.Vol.2.1994,London.207-244.
[22]I.Marko,A.Gautier,I.Chelle-Regnant,P.R.Giles,M.Tsukazald,C.J.Ureh,and S.M.Brown,Efficient and practical catalytic oxidation of alcohols using molecular oxygen.,J.Org.Chem.,1998,63(22):7576-7577.
[23]I.E.Marko,A.Gautier,R.L.Dumeunier,K.Doda,F.Philippart,S.M.Brown and C.J.Urch,Efficient,copper-catalyzed,aerobic oxidation of primary alcohols.,Angew.Chem.Int.Edit.,2004,43(12):1588-1591.
[24]I.E Marko,.A.Gautier,J.L.Mutonkole,R.Dumennier,A.Ates,C.J.Urch,and S.M.Brown,Neutral,non-raeemising,catalytic aerobic oxidation of alcohols.,J.Organomet.Chem.,2001,624(1-2):344-347.
[25]I.E.Marko,P.R.Giles,M.Tsukazaki,I.Chelle-Regnant,A.Gautier,S.M.Brown and C.J. Urch,Efficient,ecologically benign,aerobic oxidation of alcohols.,J.Org.Chem.,1999,64(7):2433-2439.
[26]T.N.Inokuchi,7etrahedron Lett.,1995,36:3223~3226.
[27]H.Tomioka,K.Takai,and Oshima,K,7etrahedron Lett.,1981,22:1605-1608.
[28]E.Takezawa,S.Sakaguchi and Y.Ishii,Oxidative cleavage of vic-diols to aldehydes with dioxygen catalyzed by Ru(PPh3)3C12 on active carbon.,OrE.Lett.,1999.I(5):713-715.
[29]S.Kanemoto,S.Matsubara and Takai,K.Bull.Chem.Soc.Jpn,1988.61:3607-3612.
[30]A.Hanyu,E.Takezawa and Sakaguchi,S.Tetrahedron Lett.,1998,39:5557-5560.
[31]K.Yamaguchi,K.Mori,T.Mizugaki,K.Ebitani and K.Kaneda,Creation ofa monomeric Ru species on the surface of hydroxyapatite as an efficient heterogeneous catalyst for aerobic alcohol oxidation.,J.Am.Chem.Soc.,2000,122(29):7144-7145.
[32]A.Dijksman,L Arends and ILA.Sheldon,Efficient ruthenium-TEMPO-catalysed aerobic oxidation of aliphatic alcohols into aldehydes and ketones.,Chem.Commun.,1999,(16):1591-1592.
[33]J.Tsuji,Palladium reagents and catalysis,1995,New York:Wiley.
[34]S.S.Stab.l,J.L.Thorman,R.C.Nelson and M.A.Kozee,Oxygenation of nitrogen-coordinated palladium(0):Synthetic,structural,and mechanistic studies and implications for aerobic oxidation catalysis.,J.Am.Chem.Soc.,2001,123(29):7188-7189.
[35]S B.A.teinhoff,S.R.Fix and S.S.Stahl,Mechanistic study of alcohol oxidation by the Pd(OAc)_2/O_2/DMSO catalyst system and implications for the development of improved aerobic oxidation catalysts.,J.Am.Chem.Soc.,2002,124(5):766-767.
[36]B.A.Steinhoff and S.S.Stahl,Ligand-modulated palladium oxidation catalysis:Mechanistic insights into aerobic alcohol oxidation with the Pd(OAc)2/pyridine catalyst system.,Org.Lett.,2002,4(23):4179-4181.
[37]G.J.ten Brink,I.Arends,M.Hoogenraad,G.Verspui and R.A.Sheldon,Catalytic conversions in water.Part 22:Electronic effects in the(diimine)palladium(Ⅱ)-catalysed aerobic oxidation of alcohols,Adv.Synth.Catal.,2003,345(4):497-505.
[38]G.J.ten Brink,I.Arends and R.A.Sheldon,Catalytic conversions in water.Part 21:Mechanistic investigations on the palladium-catalysed aerobic oxidation of alcohols in water.,Adv.Synth.Catal.,2002,344(3-4):355-369.
[39]G.J.ten Brink,I.Arends and R.A.Sheldon,Green,catalytic oxidation of alcohols in water.Science,2000,287(5458):1636-1639.
[40]T.Nishimura,N.Kakiuchi,T.Onoue,K.Ohe and S.Uemura,Palladium(Ⅱ)-catalyzed oxidation of terminal alkenes to methyl ketones using molecular oxygen.,J.Chem.Soc.,Perkin Trans.1,2000(12):1915-1918.
[41]T.Nishimura,Y.Maeda,N.Kakiuchi and S.Uemura,Palladium(Ⅱ)-catalysed oxidation of alcohols under an oxygen atmosphere in a fluorous biphase system(FBS).,J.Chem.Soc.,Perkin Trans.1,2000(24):4301-4305.
[42]T.Nishimura,K.Ohe and S.Uemura,Palladium(Ⅱ)-catalyzed oxidative ring cleavage of tert-cyclobutanols under oxygen atmosphere.,J.Am.Chem.Soc.,1999,121(11):2645-2646.
[43]T.Nishimura,T.Onoue,K.Ohe and S.Uemura,Palladium(Ⅱ)-catalyzed oxidation of alcohols to aldehydes and ketones by molecular oxygen.,J.Org.Chem.,1999,64(18):6750-6755.
[44]T.Nishirnura,T.Onoue,K.Ohe and S.Uemura,Pd(OAc)_2-catalyzed oxidation of alcohols to aldehydes and ketones by molecular oxygen.,Tetrahedron Lett.,1998,39(33):6011-6014.
[45]D.R.Jensen and M.S.Sigman,Palladium catalysts for aerobic oxidative kinetic resolution of secondary alcohols based on mechanistic insight.,Org.Lett.,2003,5(1):63-65.
[46]J.A.Mueller,D.R.Jensen and M.S.Sigman,Dual role of(-)-sparteine in the palladium-catalyzed aerobic oxidative kinetic resolution of secondary alcohols.,J.Am.Chem.Soc.,2002,124(28):8202-8203.
[47]K.Hallman and C.Moberg,Palladium(Ⅱ)-catalyzed oxidation of alcohols with air as reoxidant.,Adv.Synth.Catal.,2001,343(3):260-263.
[48]M.Besson and P.Gallezot,Selective oxidation of alcohols and aldehydes on metal catalysts.,Catal.Today,2000,57(1-2):127-141.
[49]T.Matsumoto,M.Ueno,N.Wang and S.Kobayashi,Recent advances in immobilized metal catalysts for environmentally benign oxidation of alcohols.Chem.- Asian J.,2008,3(2):196-214.
[50]K.Kaneda,K.Ebitani,T.Mizugaki and K.Mori,Design of high-performance heterogeneous metal catalysts for green and sustainable chemistry.Bulletin of the Chemical Society of Japan,2006,79(7):981-1016.
[51]R.A Sheldon,Top.Curr.Chem,1993,164:23.
[52]R.A Sheldon,Chemtech,1991:566.
[53]R.A Sheldon,K.KochiJ.,Metal-Catalyzed Oxidation of Organic Compounds.1981,NewYork:Academic Press.
[54]U.R.Pillai and E.Sahle-Demessie,Oxidation of alcohols over Fe~(3+)/montmorillonite-K10using hydrogen peroxide.,Appl.Catal.A-Gen.,2003,245(1):103-109.
[55]S.Campestrini,M.Carraro,R.Ciriminna,M.Pagliaro and U.Tonellato,Alcohols oxidation with hydrogen peroxide promoted by TPAP-doped ormosils.,Tetrahedron Lett.,2004,45(39):7283-7286.
[56]K.M.Choi,S.Ikeda,S.Ishino,K.Ikeue,M.Matsumura and B.Ohtani,Oxidation of hydrophobie alcohols using aqueous hydrogen peroxide over amphiphilic silica particles loaded with titanium(Ⅳ) oxide as a liquid-liquid phase-boundary catalyst,Appl.Catal.A-Gen.,2005,278(2):269-274.
[57]G.Bianchini,M.Crucianelli,C.Crestini and R.Saladino,Catalytic MTO-based C-H insertion reactions of hydrogen peroxide:an investigation on the polymeric support role in heterogeneous conditions.,Top.Catal.,2006,40(1-4):221-227.
[58]M.Salavati-Niasari,Host(nanocavity of zeolite-Y)-guest(tetraaza annulene copper(Ⅱ)complexes) nanocomposite materials:Synthesis,characterization and liquid phase oxidation of benzyl alcohol.,J.Mol.Catal.A-Chem.,2006,245(1-2):192-199.
[59]M.Salavati-Niasari and F.Davar,Synthesis,characterization and catalytic activity of copper(Ⅱ) complexes of 14-membered macrocyclic ligand;3,10-dialkyl-dibenzo- 1,3,5,8,10,12-hexaazacyelotetradecanel/zeolite encapsulated nanocomposite materials.,lnorg.Chem.Commun.,2006,9(3):304-309.
[60]H.G.Manyar,G.S.Chaure and A.Kumar,Supported polyporoxometallates:Highly selective catalyst for oxidation of alcohols to aldehydes.,J.Mol.Catal.A-Chem.,2006,243(2):244-252.
[61]Y.Kon,Y.Usui and K.Sato,Oxidation of allylic alcohols to alpha,beta-unsaturated carbonyl compounds with aqueous hydrogen peroxide under orgattie solvent-free conditions.,Chem. Commun.,2007(42):4399-4400.
[62]H.Y.Han,S.J.Zhang,H.W.Hou,Y.T.Fan and Y.Zhu,Fe(Cu)-containing coordination polymers:Syntheses,crystal structures,and applications as benzyl alcohol oxidation catalysts.,Eur.J.Org.Chem.,2006(8):1594-1600.
[63]T.Mallat,A.Baiker,Oxidation of alcohols with molecular oxygen on platinum metal catalysts in aqueous solutions.,Catal.Today,1994,19:247-283.
[64]S.-I.Murahashi,N.Komiya,Ruthenium in Organic Synthesis,S.-I.Murahashi ed.2004,Weinheim:WIley-VCH.53.
[65]A.S.K.Hashmi,Gold-catalyzed organic reactions.,Chem.Rev.,2007,107(7):3180-3211.
[66]A.S.K.Hashmi and G.J.Hutchings,Gold catalysis.,Angew.Chem.Int.Edit.,2006,45(47):7896-7936.
[67]B.Hinzen,R.Lenz and S.V.Ley,Polymer supported perruthenate(PSP):Clean oxidation of primary alcohols to carbonyl compounds using oxygen as cooxidant Synthesis-Stuttgart,1998(7):977-979.
[68]B.Hinzen and S.V.Ley,Polymer supported perruthenate(PSP):A new oxidant for clean organic synthesis.,J.Chem.Soc.,Perkin Trans.1,1997(13):1907-1908.
[69]A.Bleloch,B.F.G.Johnson,S.V.Ley,A.J.Price,D.S.Shephard and A.W.Thomas,Modified mesoporous silicate MCM-41 materials:immobilised perruthenate - a new highly active heterogeneous oxidation catalyst for clean organic synthesis using molecular oxygen.,Chem.Commun.,1999(18):1907-1908.
[70]E.Lindner,T.Schneller,F.Auer and H.A.Mayer,Chemistry in interphases - A new approach to organometallic syntheses and catalysis.,Angew.Chem.Int.Edit.,1999,38(15):2155-2174.
[71]Z.L.Lu,E.Lindner and H.A.Mayer,Applications of sol-gel-processed interphase catalysts.,Chem.Rev.,2002,102(10):3543-3577.
[72]A.P.Wight and M.E.Davis,Design and preparation of organic-inorganic hybrid catalysts.,Chem.Rev.,2002,102(10):3589-3613.
[73]A.Corma and H.Garcia,Silica-bound homogenous catalysts as recoverable and reusable catalysts in organic synthesis.,Adv.Synth.Catul.,2006,348(12-13):1391-1412.
[74]E.Katz,L.Sheeney-Haj-Ichia and I.Willner,Magneto-switchable electrocatalytic and bioelectrocatalytic transformations.,Chem-Eur.J.,2002,8(18):4138-4148.
[75]J.M.Notestein and A.Katz,Enhancing heterogeneous catalysis through cooperative hybrid organic-inorganic interfaces.,Chem-Eur.J.,2006,12(15):3954-3965.
[76]R.Ciriminna and M.Pagliaro,Tailoring the catalytic performance of sol-gel-encapsulated tetra-n-propylammonium perruthenate(TPAP) in aerobic oxidation of alcohols.,Chem-Eur.J.,2003,9(20):5067-5073.
[77]M.Pagliaro and R.Cirimiuna,New recyclabie catalysts for aerobic alcohols oxidation:sol-gel ormosils doped with TPAP.,Tetrahedron Lett.,2001,42(27):4511-4514.
[78]R.Lenz and S.V.Ley,Tetra-n-propylammonium perruthenate(TPAP)-catalysed oxidations of alcohols using molecular oxygen as a co-oxidant,J.Chem.Soc.,Perkin Trans.1,1997(22):3291-3292.
[79]I.E.Marko,P.R.Giles,M.Tsukazaki,I.Chelle-Regnaut,C.J.Uroh and S.M.Brown,Efficient,aerobic,ruthenium-catalyzed oxidation of alcohols into aldehydes and ketones.,J.Am.Chem.Soc.,1997.119(51):12661-12662.
[80]R.Cidminna,S.Campestrini and M.Pagliaro,The effects of material properties on the activity of sol-gel entrapped perruthenate under supercritical conditions.,Adv.Synth.Catal.,2003,345(11):1261-1267,
[81]R.Ciriminna,S.Campestrini and M.Pagliaro,Fluorinated silica gels doped with TPAP as effective aerobic oxidation catalysts in dense phase carbon dioxide.,Adv.Synth.Catal.,2004,346(2-3):231-236.
[82]R.Ciriminna,P.Hesemann,J.J.E.Moreau,M.Carraro,S.Campestrini and M.Pagliaro,Aerobic oxidation of alcohols in carbon dioxide with silica-supported ionic liquids doped with perruthenate.,Chem-Eur.J.,2006,12(20):5220-5224.
[83]R.Ciriminna,S.Campestrini and M.Pagliaro,FluoRuGel:a versatile catalyst for aerobic alcohol oxidation in supercfitical carbon dioxide.,Org.Biomol.Chem.,2006,4(13):2637-2641.
[84]K.Mori,K.Yamagnchi,T.Mizugaki,K.Ebitani and K.Kaneda,Catalysis of a hydroxyapatite-bound Ru complex:efficient heterogeneous oxidation of primary amines to nitriles in the presence of molecular oxygen.,Chem.Commun.,2001(5):461-462.
[85]K.Mori,M.Tano,T.Mizugaki,K.Ebitani and K.Kaneda,Efficient heterogeneous oxidation of organosilanes to silanols catalysed by a hydroxyapatite-bound Ru complex in the presence of water and molecular oxygen.,.N.J.Chem.,2002,26(11):1536-1538.
[86]K.Mori,S.Kanai,T.Hara,T.Mizugaki,K.Ebitani,K.Jitsukawa and K.Kaneda,Development of ruthenium-hydroxyapatite-encapsulated superparamagnetic gamma-Fe_2O_3nanocrystallites as an efficient oxidation catalyst by molecular oxygen.,.Chem.Mater.,2007,19(6):1249-1256.
[87]Z.Opre,J.D.Grunwaldt,M.Maciejewski,D.Ferri,T.Mallat and A.Balker,Promoted Ru-hydroxyapatite:designed structure for the fast and highly selective oxidation of alcohols with oxygen.,J.Catal.,2005,230(2):406-419.
[88]H.B.Ji,T.Mizugaki,K.Ebitani and K.Kaneda,Highly efficient oxidation of alcohols to carbonyl compounds in the presence of molecular oxygen using a novel heterogeneous ruthenium catalyst.,Tetrahedron Lett.,2002,43(40):7179-7183.
[89]K.Ebitani,H.B.Ji,T.Mizugaki and K.Kaneda,Highly active trimetallic Ru/CeO_2/CoO(OH)catalyst for oxidation of alcohols in the presence of molecular oxygen.,J.Mol.Catal.A-Chem.,2004,212(1-2):161-170.
[90]K.Ebitani,K.Motokura,T.Mizugaki and K.Kaneda,Heterotrimetallic RuMnMn species on a hydrotalcite surface as highly efficient heterogeneous catalysts for liquid-phase oxidation of alcohols with molecular oxygen,Angew.Chem.Int.Edit.,2005,44(22):3423-3426.
[91]B.Z.Zhan,M.A.White,T.K.Sham,J.A.Pincock,R.J.Doucet,K.V.R.Rao,K.N.Robertson and T.S.Cameron,Zeolite-confined nano-RuO_2:A green,selective,and efficient catalyst for aerobic alcohol oxidation.,J..Am.Chem.Soc.,2003,125(8):2195-2199.
[92]K.Yamaguchi and N.Mizuno,Supported ruthenium catalyst for the heterogeneous oxidation of alcohols with molecular oxygen.,Angew.Chem.Int.Edit.,2002,41(23):4538-+.
[93]K.Yamaguchi and N.Mizuno,Scope,kinetics,and mechanistic aspects of aerobic oxidations catalyzed by ruthenium supported on alumina,Chem-Eur.J.,2003,9(18):4353-4361.
[94]K.Kamata,J.Kasai,K.Yamaguchi and N.Mizuno,Efficient heterogeneous oxidation of alkylarenes with molecular oxygen.,Org.Lett.,2004,6(20):3577-3580.
[95]N.M.Kazuya Yamaguchi,Efficient Heterogeneous Aerobic Oxidation of Amines by a Supported Ruthenium Catalyst.Angew.Chem.,2003,115:1518-1521.
[96]K.Yamaguchi T.KoLke,M.Kotani,M.Matsushita,S.Shinachi and N.Mizuno,Synthetic scope and mechanistic studies of Ru(OH)_x/Al_2O_3-catalyzed heterogeneous hydrogen-transfer reactions.,Chem-Eur.J.,2005,11(22):6574-6582.
[97]M.Matsushita,K.Kamata,K.Yamaguchi and N.Mizuno,Heterogeneously catalyzed aerobic oxidative biaryl coupling of 2-naphthols and substituted phenols in water.,J.Am.Chem.Soc.,2005,127(18):6632-6640.
[98]K.Yamaguchi,M.Matsushita and N.Mizuno,Efficient hydration of nitriles to amides in water,catalyzed by ruthenium hydroxide supported on alumina.,Angew.Chem.Int.Edit.,2004,43(12):1576-1580.
[99]D.V.Bavykin,A.A.Lapkin,P.K.Plucinski,J.M.Friedrich and F.C.Walsh,TiO_2nanotube-supported ruthenium(Ⅲ) hydrated oxide:A highly active catalyst for selective oxidation of alcohols by oxygen.,J.Catal.,2005,235(1):10-17.
[100]P.D.Stevens,J.D.Fan,H.M.R.Gardimalla,M.Yen and Y.Gao,Superparamagnetic nanoparticle-supported catalysis of Suzuki cross-coupling reactions.,Org.Lett.,2005,7(11):2085-2088.
[101]P.D.Stevens,G.F.Li,J.D.Fan,M.Yen and Y.Gao,Recycling of homogeneous Pd catalysts using superparamagnetic nanoparticles as novel soluble supports for Suzuki,Heck,and Sonogashira cross-coupling reactions.,Chem.Commun.,2005(35):4435-4437.
[102]M.Kotani,T.Koike,K.Yamaguchi and N.Mizuno,Ruthenium hydroxide on magnetite as a magnetically separable heterogeneous catalyst for liquid-phase oxidation and reduction.,Green Chem.,2006,8(8):735-741.
[103]T.Matsumoto,M.Ueno,J.Kobayashi,H.Miyamura,Y.Mori and S.Kobayashi,Polymer incarcerated ruthenium catalyst for oxidation of alcohols with molecular oxygen.,Adv.Synth.Catal.,2007,349(4-5):531-534.
[104]T.Matsumoto,M.Ueno,N.Wang,S.Kobayashi,Chem.Asian J.,Vol.3.,2008,239.
[105]T.Punniyamurthy,S.Velusamy and J.lqbal,Recent advances in transition metal catalyzed oxidation of organic substrates with molecular oxygen.,Chem.Rev.,2005,105(6):2329-2363.
[106]T.Mallat and A.BaLker,Oxidation of alcohols with molecular oxygen on solid catalysts.,Chem.Rev.,2004,104(6):3037-3058.
[107]T.Nishimura,N.Kakiuchi,M.Inoue and S.Uemura,Palladium(Ⅱ)-supported hydrotalcite as a catalyst for selective oxidation of alcohols using molecular oxygen..,Chem.Commun.,2000(14):1245-1246.
[108]N.Kakiuchi,Y.Maeda,T.Nishimura and S.Uemura,Pd(Ⅱ)-hydrotalcite-catalyzed oxidation of alcohols to aldehydes and ketones using atmospheric pressure of air.,J.Org.Chem.,2001,66(20):6620-6625.
[109]N.Kakiuchi,T.Nishimura,M.Inoue and S.Uemura,Pd(Ⅱ)-hydrotalcite-catalyzed selective oxidation of alcohols using molecular oxygen.,Bulletin of the Chemical Sociay of Japan,2001,74(1):165-172.
[110]K.Mori,K.Yamaguchi,T.Hara,T.Mizugaki,K.Ebitani and K.Kaneda,Controlled synthesis of hydroxyapatite-supported palladium complexes as highly efficient heterogeneous catalysts.,J.Am.Chem.Soc.,2002,124(39):11572-11573.
[111]K.Mori,T.Hara,T.Mizugaki,K.Ebitani and K.Kaneda,Hydroxyapatite-supported palladium nanoclusters:A highly active heterogeneous catalyst for selective oxidation of alcohols by use of molecular oxygen.,J.Am.Chem.Soc.,2004.126(34):10657-10666.
[112]Y.Uozumi and R.Nakao,Catalytic oxidation of alcohols in water under atmospheric oxygen by use of an amphiphilic resin-dispersion of a nanopalladium catalyst.,Angew.Chem.Int.Edit.,2003,42(2):194-+.
[113]B.Karimi,A.Zamani and J.H.Clark,A bipyridyl palladium complex covalently anchored onto silica as an effective and recoverable interphase catalyst for the aerobic oxidation of alcohols.Organometallics,2005,24(19):4695..4698.
[114]B.Karimi,S.Abedi,J.H.Clark and V.Budarin,Highly efficient aerobic oxidation of alcohols using a recoverable catalyst:The role of mesoporous channels of SBA-15 in stabilizing palladium nanoparticles.,Angew.Chem.Int.Edit.,2006,45(29):4776-4779.
[115]M.S.Kwon,N.Kim,C.M.Park,J.S.Lee,K.Y.Kang and J.Park,Palladium nanoparticles entrapped in aluminum hydroxide:Dual catalyst for alkene hydrogenation and aerobic alcohol oxidation.,Org.Lett.,2005,7(6):1077-1079.
[116]C.M.Park,M.S.Kwon,J.Park,Palladium Nanoparticles in Polymers:Catalyst for Alkene Hydrogenation,Carbon-Carbon Cross-Coupling Reactions,and Aerobic Alcohol Oxidation Synthesis,2006:3790-3794.
[117]U.R.Pillai and E.Sahle-Demessie,Selective oxidation of alcohols by molecular oxygen over a Pd/MgO catalyst in the absence of any additives.,Green Chem.,2004,6(3):161-165.
[118]H.L.Wu,Q.H.Zhang and Y.Wang,Solvent-free aerobic oxidation of alcohols catalyzed by an efficient and recyclable palladium heterogeneous catalyst.,Adv.Synth.Catal.,2005,347(10):1356-1360.
[119]F.Li,Q.H.Zhang and Y.Wang,Size dependence in solvent-flee aerobic oxidation of alcohols catalyzed by zeolite-supported palladium nanoparticles.,Appl.Catal.A-Gen.,2008,334(1-2):217-226.
[120]Li,C.L.,Q.H.Zhang,Y.Wang and H.L.Wan,Preparation,characterization and catalytic activity of palladium nanoparticles encapsulated in SBA- 15.,Catal.Lett.,2008,120(1-2):126-136.
[121]A.H.Lu,,W.C.Li,Z.S.Hou and F.Schuth,Molecular level dispersed Pd clusters in the carbon walls of ordered mesoporous carbon as a highly selective alcohol oxidation catalyst.,Chem.Commun.,2007(10):1038-1040.
[122]M.Haruta,N.Y.,T.Kobayashi,S.Iijima,J.Catal.,1989,115:301.
[123]L.Prati and M.Rossi,Gold on carbon as a new catalyst for selective liquid phase oxidation of diols.,J.Catal.,1998,176(2):552-560.
[124]F.Porta,L.Prati,M.Rossi,S.Coluccia and G.Martra,Metal sols as a useful tool for heterogeneous gold catalyst preparation:reinvestigation of a liquid phase oxidation.,Catal.Today,2000,61(1-4):165-172.
[125]C.Bianchi,F.Porta,L.Prati and M.Rossi,Selective liquid phase oxidation using gold catalysts.,Top.Catal.,2000,13(3):231-236.
[126]L.Prati and F.Porta,Oxidation of alcohols and sugars using Au/C catalysts - Part 1.Alcohols.,Appl.Catal.A-Gen.,2005,291(1-2):199-203.
[127]S.Carrettin,P.McMorn,P.Johnston,K.Griffin and G.J.Hutchings,Selective oxidation of glycerol to glyceric acid using a gold catalyst in aqueous sodium hydroxide.,Chem.Commun.,2002(7):696-697.
[128]A.Abad,C.Almela,A.Corma and H.Garcia,Efficient chemoselective alcohol oxidation using oxygen as oxidant.Superior performance of gold over palladium catalysts.Tetrahedron,2006,62(28):6666--6672.
[129]A.Abad,P.Concepcion,A.Corma and H.Garcia,A collaborative effect between gold and a support induces the selective oxidation of alcohols.,Angew.Chem.Int.Edit.,2005,44(26):4066-4069.
[130]A.Abad,C.Almela,A.Corma and H.Garcia,Unique gold chemoselectivity for the aerobic oxidation of allylic alcohols.,Chem.Commun.,2006(30):3178-3180.
[131]D.I.Enache,D.W.Knight and G.J.Hutchings,Solvent-free oxidation of primary alcohols to aldehydes using supported gold catalysts.,Catal.Lett.,2005,103(1-2):43-52.
[132]N.Dimitratos,J.A.Lopez-Sanchez,D.Morgan,A.Carley,L.Prati,and G.J.Hutchings,Solvent free liquid phase oxidation ofbenzyl alcohol using Au supported catalysts prepared using a sol immobilization technique.,Catal.Today,2007,122(3-4):317-324.
[133]N.F.Zheng and G.D.Stucky,Promoting gold nanocatalysts in solvent-free selective aerobic oxidation of alcohols.,Chem.Commun.,2007(37):3862-3864.
[134]I.S.Nielsen,E.Taaming,K.Egeblad,R.Madsen and C.H.Christensen,Direct aerobic oxidation of primary alcohols to methyl esters catalyzed by a heterogeneous gold catalyst.,Catal.Lett.,2007,116(1-2):35-40.
[135]H.Miyamura,R.Matsubara,Y.Miyazaki and S.Kobayashi,Aerobic oxidation of alcohols at room temperature and atmospheric conditions catalyzed by reusable gold nanoclusters stabilized by the benzene rings of polystyrene derivatives.,Angew.Chem.Int.Edit.,2007,46(22):4151-4154.
[136]R.Akiyama and S.Kobayashi,The polymer incarcerated method for the preparation of highly active heterogeneous palladium catalysts.,J.Am.Chem.Soc.,2003,125(12):3412-3413.
[137]K.Okamoto,R.Akiyama and S.Kobayashi,Recoverable,reusable,highly active,and sulfur-tolerant polymer incarcerated palladium for hydrogenation,J.Org.Chem.,2004,69(8):2871-2873.
[138]K.Okamoto,R.Akiyama and S.Kobayashi,Suzuki-Miyaura coupling catalyzed by polymer-incarcerated palladium,a highly active,recoverable,and reusable Pd catalyst.,Org.Lett.,2004,6(12):1987-1990.
[139]R.Akiyama,T.Sagae,M.Sugiura,S.Kobayashi,J.Organomet.Chem,2004,689:3806.
[140]K.Okamoto,R.Akiyama,H.Yoshida,T.Yoshida,and S.Kobayashi,Formation of nanoarchitectures including suhnanometer palladium clusters and thor use as highly active catalysts.,J.Am.Chem.Soc.,2005,127(7):2125-2135.
[141]H.Hagio,M.Suginra and S.Kobayashi,Immobilization of a platinum catalyst using the polymer incarcerated(PI) method and application to catalytic reactions.Synlett,2005(5):813-816.
[142]H.Hagio,M.Sugiura and S.Kobayashi,Practical preparation method of polymer-incarcerated(PI) palladium catalysts using Pd(Ⅱ) salts.,Org.Lett.,2006,8(3):375-378.
[143]R.Nishio,M.Sugiura and S.Kobayashi,Novel polymer incarcerated palladium with phosphinated polymers:Active catalyst for Suzuki-Miyanra coupling without external phosphines.,Org.Lett.,2005,7(22):4831-4834.
[144]R.Nishio,M.Sugiura and S.Kobayashi,Semi-hydrogenation of alkynes using phosphinated polymer incarcerated(PI) palladium catalysts.,Org.Biomol.Chem.,2006,4(6):992-995.
[145]Y.Miyazaki,H.Hagio and S.Kobayashi,Practical access to the polymer incarcerated platinum(PI Pt) catalyst and its application to hydrogenation.,Org.Biomol.Chem.,2006,4(13):2529-2531.
[146]J.Kobayashi,Y.Mori,K.Okamoto,R.Akiyama,M.Ueno,T.Kitamori,and S.Kobayashi,A microfluidic device for conducting gas-liquid-solid hydrogenation reactions.Science,2004,304(5675):1305-1308.
[147]J.Kobayashi,Y.Mori and S.Kobayashi,Triphase hydrogenation reactions utilizing palladium-immobilized capillary column reactors and a demonstration of suitability for large scale synthesis.,Adv.Synth.Catal.,2005,347(15):1889-1892.
[148]J.Kobayashi,Y.Mori and S.Kobayashi,Hydrogenation reactions using scCO_2 as a solvent in microchannel reactors.,Chem.Commun.,2005(20):2567-2568.
[149]N.Dimitratos,F.Porta,L.Prati and A.Villa,Synergetic effect of platinum or palladium on gold catalyst in the selective oxidation of D-sorbitol.,Catal.Lett.,2005,99(3-4):181-185.
[150]C.L.Bianchi,P.Canton,N.Dimitratos,F.Porta and L.Prati,Selective oxidation of glycerol with oxygen using mono and bimetallic catalysts based on Au,Pd and Pt metals.,Catal.Today,2005,102:203-212.
[151]D.Wang,A.Villa,F.Porta,D.S.Su and L.Prati,Single-phase bimetallic system for the selective oxidation of giycerol to glycerate.,Chem.Commun.,2006(18):1956-1958.
[152]A.Villa,C.Campione and L.Prati,Bimetallic gold/palladium catalysts for the selective liquid phase oxidation of glycerol.,Catal.Lett.,2007,115(3-4):133-136.
[153]L.Prati,A.Villa,F.Porta,D.Wang and D.S.Su,Single-phase gold/palladium catalyst:The nature of synergistic effect.,Catal.Today,2007,122(3-4):386-390.
[154]N.Dimitratos,A.Villa,D.Wang,F.Porta,D.S.Su,and L.Prati,Pd and Pt catalysts modified by alloying with Au in the selective oxidation of alcohols.,J.Catal.,2006,244(1):113-121.
[155]D.I.Enache,J.K.Edwards,P.Landon,B.Solsona-Espriu,A.F.Carley,A.A.Herzing,M.Watanabe,C.J.Kiely,D.W.Knight and G.J.Hutchings,Solvent-free oxidation of primary alcohols to aldehydes using Au-Pd/TiO_2 catalysts.Science,2006,311(5759):362-365.
[156]P.Haider and A.BaLker,Gold supported on Cu-Mg-Al-mixed oxides:Strong enhancement of activity in aerobic alcohol oxidation by concerted effect of copper and magnesium.,J.Catal.,2007,248(2):175-187.
[157]R.Anderson,K.Griffin,P.Johnston and P.L.Alsters,Selective oxidation of alcohols to carbonyl compounds and carboxylic acids with platinum group metal catalysts.,Adv.Synth.Catal.,2003,345(4):517-523.
[158]Y.M.A.Yamada,T.Arakawa,H.Hocke and Y.Uozumi,A nanoplatinum catalyst for aerobic oxidation of alcohols in water.,Angew.Chem.Int.Edit.,2007,46(5):704-706.
[159]C.Donze,P.Korovchenko,P.Gallezot and M.Besson,Aerobic selective oxidation of (hetero) aromatic primary alcohols to aldehydes or carboxylic acids over carbon supported platinum.Appl.Catal.B-Environ,2007,70(1-4):621-629.
[160]P.Korovchenko,C.Donze,P.Gallezot and M.Besson,Oxidation of primary alcohols with air on carbon-supported platinum catalysts for the synthesis of aldehydes or acids.,Catal.Today,2007,121(1-2):13-21.
[161]M.Hayashi,K.Yamada,S.Nakayama,H.Hayashi and S.Yamazaki,Environmentally benign oxidation using a palladium catalyst system,Green Chem.,2000.2(6):257-260.
[162]C.Keresszegi,T.Mallat and A.Baiker,Selective transfer dehydrogenation of aromatic alcohols on supported palladium.N.J.Chem.,2001,25(9):1163-1167.
[163]N.R.Fededca Zaccheria,Rinaldo Psaro,Achille Fusi,Anaerobic oxidation of non-activated secondary alcohols over Cu/Al_2O_3.,Chem.Commun.,2001,5:253-255.
[164]J.H.Choi,N.Kim,Y.J.Shin,J.H.Park,and J.Park,Heterogeneous shvo-type ruthenium catalyst:dehydrogenation of alcohols without hydrogen acceptors.,Tetrahedron Lett.,2004,45(24):4607-4610.
[165]R.Karvembu and S.Pdyarega,Ru/gnmma-Al_2O_3 as reusable catalyst for dehydrogenation of alcohols without hydrogen acceptor.React.Kinet.Catal.Lett.,2006,88(2):333-338.
[166]R.Karvembu,R.Prabhakaran,K.Senthilkumar,P.Viswanathamurthi,and K.Natarajan,Ru/Al_2O_3-catalyzed transfer dehydrogenation of alcohols.React.Kinet.Catal.Lett.,2005,86(1):211-216.
[167]T.Mitsudome,Y.Mikami,H.Funai,T.Mizugaki,K.Jitsukawa and K.Kaneda,Heterogeneous catalysis - Oxidant-free alcohol dehydrogenation using a reusable hydrotalcite-supported silver nanoparticle catalyst.,Angew.Chem.Int.Edit.,2008,47(1):138-141.
[1]K.Ebitani,K.Motokura,K.Mori,T.Mizugaki,and K.Kaneda,Reconstructed hydrotalcite as a highly active heterogeneous base catalyst for carbon-carbon bond formations in the presence of water.,J.Org.Chem.,2006.71(15):5440-5447.
[2]Cr.Contsscu,C.Sivaraj,J.A.Schwarz,Selective ion exchange of palladium on alumina-silica composite oxides.,Appl.Catal.,1991,74:95-108.
[3]J.A.Schwarz,C.Contescu,A.Contescu,Chem.Rev.,1995,95:477.
[4]N.Santhanam,T.A.Conforti,W.Spieker,J.R.Regalbuto,Catal.Today,1994.21:141.
[5]M.Trueba and S.P.Trasatti,gamma-Alumina as a support for catalysts:A review of fundamental aspects.,Eur.J.Inorg.Chem.,2005(17):3393-3403.
[6]Ch.Sivaraj,C.Contescu and J.A.Schwarz,Effect of Calcination Temperature of Alumina on the Adsorption/Impregnation of Pd(Ⅱ) Compounds.,J.Catal.,1991,132:422-431.
[7]N.Mahata and V.Vishwanathan,Influence of palladium precursors on structural properties and phenol hydrogenation characteristics of supported palladium catalysts.,J.Catal.,2000,196(2):262-270.
[8]A.Mastalir,B.Rac,Z.Kiraly and A.Molnar,In situ generation of Pd nanoparticles in MCM-41 and catalytic applications in liquid-phase alkyne hydrogenations.,J.Mol.Catal.A-Chem.,2007,264(I-2):170-178.
[9]F.Li,Q.H.Zhang,and Y.Wang,Size dependence in solvent-free aerobic oxidation of alcohols catalyzed by zeolite-supported palladium nanoparticles.,Appl.Catal.A -Gen.,2008,334(1-2):217-226.
[1]Y.J.Jung,Y.Homma,T.Ogino,Y.Kobayashi,D.Takagi,B.Q.Wei,R.Vajtai and P.M.Ajayan,High-density,large-area single-walled carbon nanotube networks on nanoscale patterned substrates.,J.Phys.Chem.B,2003,107(28):6859-6864.
[2]B.Yoon,H.Kim and C.M.Wai,Dispersing palladium nanoparticles using a water-in-oil microemulsion - homogenization of heterogeneous catalysis.,Chem.Commun.,2003(9):1040-1041.
[3]B.Yoon and C.M.Wai,Microemulsion-tumplated synthesis of carbon nanotubo-supported Pd and Rh nanoparticles for catalytic applications.,J.Am.Chem.Soc.,2005,127(49):17174-17175.
[4]J.A.Rojas-Chapana,M.A.Correa-Duarte,Z.F.Ren,K.Kempa and M.Giersig,Enhanced introduction of gold nanoparticles into vital Acidothiobacillus fen'ooxidans by carbon nanotube-based microwave electroporation.,Nano Lett.,2004,4(5):985-988.
[5]T.Teranishi and M.Miyake,Size control of palladium nanoparticles and their crystal structures.,Chem.Mater,1998,10(2):594-600.
[6]T.Sakai and P.Alexandridis,Mechanism of gold metal ion reduction,nanoparticle growth and size control in aqueous amphiphilic block copolymer solutions at ambient conditions.,J.Phys.Chem.B,,2005,109(16):7766-7777.
[7]R.Narayanan and M.A.El-Sayed,Some aspects of colloidal nanoparticle stability,catalytic activity,and recycling potential.Topics in Catalysis,2008,47(1-2):15-21.
[8]B.Lee,H.G.Zhu,Z.T.Zhang,S.H.Overbury and S.Dai,Preparation of bicontinuous mesoporous silica and organosilica materials containing gold nanoparticles by co-synthesis method.,Micropor Mesopor.Mat.,2004,70(1-3):71-80.
[9]C.L.Li,Q.H.Zhang,Y.Wang and H.L.Wan,Preparation,characterization and catalytic activity of palladium nanopartieles encapsulated in SBA-15.,Catal.Lett.,2008,120(1-2):126-136.
[10]F.Li,Q.H.Zhang and Y.Wang,Size dependence in solvent-free aerobic oxidation of alcohols catalyzed by zeolite-supported palladium nanopartieles.,Appl.Catal.A -Gen.,2008,334(1-2):217-226.
[11]A.Cardllo,J.A.Swartz,J.M.Gamba,R.S.Kane,N.Chakrapani,B.Q.Wei and P.M.Ajayan,Noncovalent funetionalization of graphite and carbon nanotubes with polymer multilayers and gold nanopartieles.Nano Lett.,2003,3(10):1437-1440.
[12]B.Kadmi,S.Abcdi,J.H.Clark and V.Budarin,Highly efficient aerobic oxidation of alcohols using a recoverable catalyst:The role of mesoporous channels of SBA-15 in stabilizing palladium nanopartieles.,Angew.Chem.Int.Edit.,2006,45(29):4776-4779.
[13]M.C.Abello,M.F.Gomez and O.Ferretti,Mo/gamma-Al_2O_3 catalysts for the oxidative dehydrogenation of propane.Effect of Mo loading.,Appl.Catal.A -Gen.,2001,207(1-2): 421-431.
[14]Ch.Sivaraj,Cr.Contsscu,J.A.Schwarz,Effect of Calcination Temperature of Alumina on the Adsorption/Impregnation of Pd(Ⅱ) Compounds.,J.Catal.,1991,132:422-431.
[15]Cr.Contsscu,Ch.Sivarajar.,J.A.Schwarz,Selective ion exchange of palladium on alumina-silica composite oxides.Appl.Catal.,1991,74:95-108.
[16]H.L.Wu,Q.H.Zhang and Y.Wang,Solvent-free aerobic oxidation of alcohols catalyzed by an efficient and recyclable palladium heterogeneous catalyst.,Adv.Synth.Catal.,2005,347(10):1356-1360.
[17]A.Rakai,D.Tessier.,F.Bozon-Verduraz,Newd.Chem.,1992,16:8.
[18]A.N.Pestryakov,V.V.Lunin,S.Fuentes,N.Bogdanchikova and A.Barrera,Influence of modifying additives on the electronic state of supported palladium.,Chem.Phys.Lett.,2003,367(1-2):102-108.
[19]L.S.F.Feio,C.E.Hori,S.Damyanova,E B.Noronha,W.H.Cassinelli,C.M.P.Marques and J.M.C.Bueno,The effect of ceda content on the properties of Pd/CeO_2/Al_2O_3 catalysts for steam reforming of methane.,Appl.Catal.A-Uen,2007,316(1):107-116.
[20]K.Moil,T.Hara,T.Mizugaki,K.Ebitani and K.Kaneda,Hydroxyapatite-supported palladium nanoclusters:A highly active heterogeneous catalyst for selective oxidation of alcohols by use of molecular oxygen.,J.Am.Chem.Soc.,2004,126(34):10657-10666.
[21]J.F.Moulder,W.F.Stickle.,P.E.Sobol,K.D.Bomben,Handbook of X-ray Photoeelectron Spectroscopy.,1995,Eden Prairie,MN:Physical Electronics.
[22]S.T.Homeyer,W.M.H.Saehtler.,d.Catal.,1989,117:91.
[23]N.Mahata and V.Vishwanathan,Influence of palladium precursors on struetttral properties and phenol hydrogenation characteristics of supported palladium catalysts.,J.Catal.,2000,196(2):262-270.
[1]T.L.Stuchinskaya and I.V.Kozhevnikov,Liquid-phase oxidation of alcohols with oxygen catalysed by modified palladium(Ⅱ) oxide.Catal.Comm.,2003,4(8):417-422.
[2]K.Wada,K.Yano,T.Kondo and T.Mitsudo,Preparation of palladium oxide nanoparticles-encapsulating porous oxide catalysts for oxidation utilizing a silsesquioxane ligand.Catal.Today,2006,117(1-3):242-247.
[3]J.D.Grunwaldt,M.Caravati and A.Baiker,Oxidic or metallic palladium:Which is the active phase in Pd-catalyzed aerobic alcohol oxidation?,J.Phys.Chem.B,2006,110(51):25586-25589.
[4]K.Mori,T.Hara,T.Mizugaki,K.Ebitani and K.Kaneda,Hydroxyapatite-supported palladium nanoclusters:A highly active heterogeneous catalyst for selective oxidation of alcohols by use of molecular oxygen.J Am.Chem.Soc.,2004,126(34):106:57-10666.
[5]K.Mori,K.Yamaguchi,T.Hara,T.Mizugaki,K.Ebitani and K.Kaneda,Controlled synthesis of hydroxyapatite-supported palladium complexes as highly efficient heterogeneous catalysts.J.Am.Chem.Soc.,2002,124(39):11572-11573.
[6]U.R.Pillai and E.Sahle-Demessie,Selective oxidation of alcohols by molecular oxygen over a Pd/MgO catalyst in the absence of any additives.Green Chem.,2004,6(3):161-165.
[7]Y.Uozumi and R.Nakao,Catalytic oxidation of alcohols in water under atmospheric oxygen by use of an amphiphilic resin-dispersion of a nanopalladium catalyst.Angew.Chem.Int.Edit.,2003,42(2):194-+.
[8]M.S.Kwon,N.Kim,C.M.Park,J.S.Lee,K.Y.Kang and J.Park,Palladium nanoparticles entrapped in aluminum hydroxide:Dual catalyst for alkene hydrogenation and aerobic alcohol oxidation.Org.Lett.,2005,7(6):1077-1079.
[9]H.L.Wu,Q.H.Zhang and Y.Wang,Solvent-free aerobic oxidation of alcohols catalyzed by an efficient and recyclable palladium heterogeneous catalyst.Adv.Synth.& Catal,2005,347(10):1356-1360.
[10]N.Dimitratos,A.Villa,D.Wang,F.Porta,D.S.Su and L.Prati,Pd and Pt catalysts modified by alloying with Au in the selective oxidation of alcohols.J.Catal.,2006,244(1):113-121.
[11]F.Li,Q.H.Zhang and Y.Wang,Size dependence in solvent-free aerobic oxidation of alcohols catalyzed by zeolite-supported palladium nanoparticles.Appl.Catal.A-Gene.,2008,334(1-2):217-226.
[12]C.L.Li,Q.H.Zhang,Y.Wang and H.L.Wan,Preparation,characterization and catalytic activity of palladium nanoparticles encapsulated in SBA-15.Catal.Lett.,2008,120(1-2):126-136.
[13]D.I.Enache,J.K.Edwards,P.Landon,B.Solsona-Esprin,A.F.Carley,A.A.Herzing,M.Watanabe,C.J.Kiely,D.W.Knight and G.J.Hutchings,Solvent-free oxidation of primary alcohols to aldehydes using Au-Pd/TiO2 catalysts.Science,2006,311(5759):362-365.
[14]A.T.Bell,The impact of nanoscience on heterogeneous catalysis.Science,2003,299(5613):1688-1691.
[15]B.Veisz,Z.Kiraly,L.Toth and B.Pecz,Catalytic probe of the surface statistics of palladium crystallites deposited on montmorillonite.Chem.Mater.,2002,14(7):2882-2888.
[16]Y.Li,E.Boone and M.A.E1-Sayed,Size effects of PVP-Pd nanoparticles on the catalytic Suzuki reactions in aqueous solution.Langmuir,2002,18(12):4921-4925.
[17]Y.F.Han,D.Kumar and D.W.Goodman,Particle size effects in vinyl acetate synthesis over Pd/SiO2.J.Catal.,2005,230(2):353-358.
[18]F.H.R.van Hardeveld,Surf.Sci,1969,15:189.
[19]C.O.Bennet,Che,M.,J.Catal.,1989,120:293.
[20]D.Ferri,C.Mondelli,F.Krumeich and A.Balker,Discrimination of active palladium sites in catalytic liquid-phase oxidation of benzyl alcohol.J.Phys.Chem.B,2006,110(46):22982-22986.
[21]G.J.ten Brink,I.Arends,M.Hoogenraad,G.Verspui and R.A.Sheldon,Catalytic conversions in water.Part 22:Electronic effects in the(diimine)palladium(Ⅱ)-catalysed aerobic oxidation of alcohols.Adv.Synth.& Catal,2003,345(4):497-505.
[22]J.A.Mueller,C.P.Goller and M.S.Sigman,Elucidating the significance of beta-hydride elimination and the dynamic role of acid/base chemistry in a palladium-catalyzed aerobic oxidation of alcohols.J.Am.Chem.Soc.,2004,126(31):9724-9734.
[23]K.Yamaguchi and N.Mizuno,Supported ruthenium catalyst for the heterogeneous oxidation of alcohols with molecular oxygen.Angew.Chem.Int.Edit.,2002,41(23):4538-+.
[24]K.Yamaguchi and N.Mizuno,Scope,kinetics,and mechanistic aspects of aerobic oxidations catalyzed by ruthenium supported on alumina.Chem.Euro.J.,2003,9(18):4353-4361.
[25]N.F.Zheng,J.Fan and G.D.Stucky,One-step one-phase synthesis of rnonodisperse noble-metallic nanoparticles and their colloidal crystals.J.Am.Chem.Soc.,2006,128(20):6550-6551.
[26]N.F.Zheng and G.D.Stucky,A general synthetic strategy for oxide-supported metal nanoparticle catalysts.J.Am.Chem.Soc.,2006,128(44):14275-14280.
[1]T.Matsumoto,M.Ueno,N.Wang and S.Kobayashi,Recent advances in immobilized metal catalysts for environmentally benign oxidation of alcohols.,Chem.- Asian J.,2008,3(2):196-214.
[2]R.Karvembu,R.Prabhakaran,K.Senthilkumar,P.Viswanathamurthi,and K.Natarajan,Ru/Al_2O_3-catalyzed transfer dehydrogenation of alcohols.,React.Kinet.Catal.L.,2005,86(1):211-216.
[3]M.Hayashi,K.Yamada,S.Nakayama,H.Hayashi,and S.Yamazaki,Environmentally benign oxidation using a palladium catalyst system.,Green Chem.,2000,2(6):257-260.
[4]C.Keresszegi,T.Mallat,and A.Balker,Selective transfer dehydrogenation of aromatic alcohols on supported palladium.,N.J.Chem.,2001,25(9):1163-1167.
[5]W.Song,R.J.Shi,J.L.Liu,E.S.Zhan,Z.S.Li,Y.D.Xu,and W.J.Shen,Transfer dehydrogenation of alcohols over ceria-supported Cu,Ir,and Pd catalysts.,Chinese J.Catal.,2007,28(2):106-108
[6]N.R.F.Zaccheria,R.Psaro,Achille Fusi,Anaerobic oxidation of non-activated secondary alcohols over Cu/Al_2O_3.,Chem.Comm.,2001,5:253-255.
[7]W.H.Kim,I.S.Park,and J.Park,Accepter-free alcohol dehydrogenation by recyclable ruthenium catalyst.,Org.Lett.,2006,8(12):2543-2545.
[8]T.Mitsudome,Y.Mikami,H.Funai,T.Mizugaki,K.Jitsukawa,and K.Kaneda,Oxidant-free alcohol dehydrogenation using a reusable hydrotalcite-supported silver nanoparticle catalyst.,Angew.Chem.Int.Edit.,2008,47(1):138-141.
[9]J.H.Choi,N.Kim,YJ.Shin,J.H.Park,and J.Park,Heterogeneous shvo-type ruthenium catalyst:dehydrogenation of alcohols without hydrogen accepters.,Tetrahedron Lett.,2004,45(24):4607-4610
[10]J.A.Dean,Lange's handbook of chemistry.15th ed.
[11]D.Ferri,C.Keresszegi,T.Mallat and A.Baiker,Unraveling the surface re.actions during liquid-phase oidation of benzyl alcohol on Pd/Al_2O_3:an in situ ATR-IR Study.,J.Phys.Chem.B,2005,109:958-967.
[12]M.C.Abello,M.E Gomez and O.Ferretti,Mo/gamma-A1203 catalysts for the oxidative dehydrogenation of propane.Effect of Me loading.,Appl.Catal.A -Gen.,2001,207(1-2):421-431.
[13]S.Narayanan,and K.Krishna,Structural influence of hydrotalcite on Pd dispersion and phenol hydrogenation.,Chem.Comm.,1997(20):1991 - 1992.
[14]杨漂萍,吴通好,水滑石的结构性质、合成及催化应用.,石化技术与应用,2005,23:61-66.
[15]J.F.Moulder,W.F.Stickle.,P.E.Sobol,K.D.Bomben,Handbook of X-ray Photocelcctron Spectroscopy.,1995,Eden Prairie,MN:Physical Electronics.
[16]J.F.Boily and T.M.Seward,Palladium(Ⅱ) chloride complexation:Spectrophotometric investigation in aqueous solutions fi'om 5 to 125 ~C and theoretical insight into Pd-C1 and Pd-OH2 interactions.,Geochimica Et Cosmochimica Acta,2005,69(15):3773-3789.
[17]D.T.A.Rakai,F.Bozon-Verduraz,NewJ.Chem.,1992,16:8.
[18]L.S.F.Fvio,C.E.Hori,S.Damyanova,.F.B.Noronha,W.H.Cassinelli,C.M.P.Marques and J.M.C.Bueno,The effect of ceria content on the properties of Pd/CeO_2/Al_2O_3 catalysts for steam reforming of methane.,Appl.Catal.a-Gen.,2007,316(1):p.107-116.
[19]A.N.Pestryakov,V.V.Lunin,S.Fucntes N.Bogdanchikova and A.Barrvra,Influence of modifying additives on the electronic state of supported palladium.,Chem.Phys.Lett.,2003.367(1-2):102-108.
[20]M.Campanati,S.F.,O.Piccolo,A.Vaccari,and A.Zicmanis,Catalytic condensation of aromatic aldehydes with acetone on activated Mg-AI mixed oxides.,Catal.Comm,2004,5(3):145-150.
[21]D.J.L.J.Roclofs,A.J.van Dillen and K.P.de Jong,On the structure of activated hydrotalcites as solid base catalysts for liquid-phase aldol condensation.,J.Catal.,2001,203(I):184-191
[22]T.S.M.Onaka,Y.Masui,P,ecent studies on solid acid and solid base catalyisis for fine chemicals synthesis.,J.Syn.Org.Chem.(Japan),2005,63:492.
[23]G.Kovtun,T.K.,S.Hladyi,M.Starchevsky,Y.Pazdersky,I.Stolarov,M.Vargaflik and I.Moiseev,Oxidation,redox disproportionation and chain termination reactions catalysed by the Pd-561 giant cluster.,Adv.Synth.Catal,2002,344:957-964.
[24]M.K.Starchcvsky,S.L.H.,Y.A.Pazdersky,M.N.Vargaftik and I.I.Moiseev,Giant Pd-561clusters:onset to new catalytic properties.,J.Mol.Catal.A:Chem.,1999,146:229-236.
[25]J.A.MuelIer and M.S.Sigman,Mechanistic investigations of the palladium-catalyzed aerobic oxidative kinetic resolution of secondary alcohols using(-)-sparteine.,J.Am.Chem.Soc.,2003.125(23):7005-7013.
[26]邓景发,催化作用原理导论.近代化学基础原理丛书.1984,长春:吉林人民出版社.334.
[27]H.Knozinger,P.Ratnasamy,Catalytic Aluminas:Surface Models and Characterization of Surface Sites.,Catal.Rev.,1978,17(1):31-70.
[28]H.Knozinger,The Chemistry of the Hydroxy Groups,S.Patai ed.,1971,London:Wiley-Interscience.641.
[29]H.Knozinger,Dehydration of Alcohols on Aluminum Oxide.Angew.Chem.,1968,80:778.
[30]H.Pines,J.M.,Adv.Catal.,1966,16:49.
[31]W.K.Hall,F.E.L.,H.R.Gerberich.,J.Catal.,1964,3:512.
[32]J.A.Mueller,C.P.Goller,and M.S.Sigrnan,Elucidating the significance of beta-hydride elimination and the dynamic role of acid/base chemistry in a palladium-catalyzed aerobic oxidation of alcohols.J.Am.Chem.Soc.,2004,126(31):9724-9734.
[33]R.C.Larock and K.P.Petcrson,Palladium-catalyzed oxidation of primary and secondary allylic and benzylic alcohols.,J.Org.Chem.,1998.63:3185-3189.