催化铁内电解法预处理印染废水及后继生物处理工艺的研究
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摘要
铁内电解法又称铁还原、铁碳法等,已广泛应用于印染废水的治理中,为了克服传统铁内电解法的缺点,在其反应器中加入某些催化材料,改变运行方式,开发出催化铁内电解工艺。为研究催化铁内电解工艺对印染废水的效果、预处理对后继生物处理的影响,以及相关的催化材料、具体实施方式和运行参数,进一步探讨催化铁内电解工艺实际应用问题,在上海市桃浦工业区污水处理厂和山东省滨州市华纺股份公司污水处理厂进行了小试和中试试验。
试验首先对催化铁工艺处理印染废水的催化材料和运行方式进行了静态和现场小试研究。针对印染废水高pH值、高色度以及高COD、并含有大量难生物降解物质的水质特点,在课题组前期研究的基础上,以铁为反应材料,以铜、锡、炭等为催化材料进行了对比试验,以提高铁内电解法处理印染废水的反应效率;试验中还对进水pH值的影响进行了研究:对运行方式进行了比较,以此强化催化铁内电解工艺的作用。
以催化铁内电解预处理工艺与后继生物接触氧化工艺相结合,对印染厂主要类别污水以及综合印染废水等进行了处理。试验结果表明,该组合工艺对染整废水、调节池综合废水、退浆废水以及二沉池出水有比较好的处理效果,其中,催化铁内电解法处理碱性印染综合废水,反应器停留时间应不低于3.0h,生化停留时间为24小时,预处理出水可生化性明显提高、色度去除率高,经过生物处理后,色度和有机物的去除率分别为81.5%、78%,磷酸盐去除率为97%,出水总铁浓度小于0.5 mg/L。该组合工艺对退浆废水也有很好的去除效果,当进水pH值为6时,经铁床后废水COD去除率高达40%,再经后继生物处理,最终COD去除率为89%,出水为1250 mg/L;出水SS为105 mg/L,去除率为95%。
试验针对催化铁工艺预处理对于后继生物处理的影响开展了试验,主要内容包括对催化铁反应器内生物作用的考察,以及预处理后废水对后继生物胞外聚合物形成的影响。试验结果表明,在铁反应器内生物相丰富、数量多,虽然铁不断消耗,但反应器内生物的数量和种类比较稳定,具备了生物降解的条件。对比试验结果表明,当胞外聚合物含有大量铁离子时,对铁离子进行置换或者
Iron inner electrolysis technique was widely used to treat dyeing industry wastewater. In order to overcome the disadvantage of iron inner electrolysis technique, many catalyzer mixed with iron and the running ways of technique were changed. This is catalyzed iron inner electrolysis technique. To deeply discuss the effect of treatment dyeing industry wastewater, the catalyzer, the running parameter and the mechanism of catalyzed iron inner electrolysis technique, the bench-scale and pilot-scale experimentation were done in shanghai Taopu industrial wastewater treatment plant and Shandong Huafang limited company wastewater treatment center.Firstly, the static state and bench-scale experimentation were done to study on the catalyzer and running ways. Aiming at the characteristic of dyeing industry wastewater -high pH , high chroma and high COD, On the basis of prophase production, Fe as reaction materials , Cu and C and Sn etc as catalyzer , the contradistinctive trial were done to increase the efficiency of catalyzed iron inner electrolysis technique;the influence of the parameter of technique by inflow pH was study in experimentation;The diverse running ways were compared to aggrandize the kind of removal mechanism.Catalyzed iron inner electrolysis technique and later biological treatment technique were studied through treating main kinds of dyeing industry wastewater. The results of experimentation shows that it is effective to treat dyeing wastewater , general dyeing industry wastewater, faded slurry wastewater and outflow of settling tank. For alkalescent dyeing industry wastewater, HRT of the catalyzed iron inner electrolysis technique isn't less than 3.0h, HRT of biological treatment technique is 24h, while the biodegradability and the removal of chroma are obviously increased. The removal efficiencies of chroma, COD and PO_4~3- were 81.5%, 78% and 97% respectively. The concentration of total of Fe is less than 0.5 mg/L. Catalyzed iron inner electrolysis technique is also effective for faded slurry wastewater. While the pH of inflow is 6.0, the removal efficiency of COD is 40% after iron bed. The final removal efficiencies of COD and SS are 89%,95%
respectively.The influence of the Catalyzed iron inner electrolysis technique to latter biological treatment was studied in this experimentation. This research concluded the role of biology in reactor and the forming of extracellular polymeric substances (EPS). The results of experimentation shows that the kinds and amount of microorganism was steady though iron was constantly consumed, and the iron reactor had the inner condition of biodegradability.The results of the contradistinctive trial show that it is advantageous for distilling EPS when there are lots of Fe ions in EPS. The new iron ions could improve the hanging film of carriers. Whether there is iron ion in waste water or not , the content of EPS is 46.1 mg/g, 17 mg/g respectively, the former is more the latter than 29 mg/g . As a annectent matter, large numbers of iron ion was adsorbed in EPS. That not only accelerated the forming of bioflim, but also largely changed the equipotential point of amino acid in bioflim. So the content of protein and enzyme are added and the removal of ability is consolidated. The results of contrastive experiment show that glucide degradability is faster than protein. The degradability velocity of former is as 3 times fast as the latter. After 3h, the concentration of iron ion was steady, but the consume of protein was added. It is obvious that glucide of EPS was consumed most easily, thus created the fall off of biofilm.To deeply discuss the effect of the Catalyzed iron inner electrolysis technique treating dyeing industry wastewater, and solve the problems of project, the pilot-scale experimentation was done in the plant. The concept of cell colander was introduced in project. Many problems of project were studied in experimentation to ensure the uniformity and intension of current, which concluded the ways of inflow and running. The pipe of discharge sludge was fixed in the bottom of iron reactor. Batch inflow and excessive aerating activated lots of iron. To increase the biodegradability, the running ways of the Catalyzed iron inner electrolysis technique adopt circle by pump or faint aerating, or else it is harmful to the biodegradability. Contrast to the bench-scale experimentation, the period of iron bed is shorter. When the reaction ability is depressed, it is good effect to aerate and ensure that pH of wastewater is 6.0-7.0.
In pilot-scale experimentation, the applying of the Catalyzed iron inner electrolysis technique to the reuse of wastewater in dyeing industry plant was deeply discussed.Finally, according to the results of pilot-scale experimentation and the fact of wastewater treatment center, the reconstruct project was brought forward. After discuss, the project is feasible, and there are lots of benefit of society and economy.
试验首先对催化铁工艺处理印染废水的催化材料和运行方式进行了静态和现场小试研究。针对印染废水高pH值、高色度以及高COD、并含有大量难生物降解物质的水质特点,在课题组前期研究的基础上,以铁为反应材料,以铜、锡、炭等为催化材料进行了对比试验,以提高铁内电解法处理印染废水的反应效率;试验中还对进水pH值的影响进行了研究:对运行方式进行了比较,以此强化催化铁内电解工艺的作用。
以催化铁内电解预处理工艺与后继生物接触氧化工艺相结合,对印染厂主要类别污水以及综合印染废水等进行了处理。试验结果表明,该组合工艺对染整废水、调节池综合废水、退浆废水以及二沉池出水有比较好的处理效果,其中,催化铁内电解法处理碱性印染综合废水,反应器停留时间应不低于3.0h,生化停留时间为24小时,预处理出水可生化性明显提高、色度去除率高,经过生物处理后,色度和有机物的去除率分别为81.5%、78%,磷酸盐去除率为97%,出水总铁浓度小于0.5 mg/L。该组合工艺对退浆废水也有很好的去除效果,当进水pH值为6时,经铁床后废水COD去除率高达40%,再经后继生物处理,最终COD去除率为89%,出水为1250 mg/L;出水SS为105 mg/L,去除率为95%。
试验针对催化铁工艺预处理对于后继生物处理的影响开展了试验,主要内容包括对催化铁反应器内生物作用的考察,以及预处理后废水对后继生物胞外聚合物形成的影响。试验结果表明,在铁反应器内生物相丰富、数量多,虽然铁不断消耗,但反应器内生物的数量和种类比较稳定,具备了生物降解的条件。对比试验结果表明,当胞外聚合物含有大量铁离子时,对铁离子进行置换或者
Iron inner electrolysis technique was widely used to treat dyeing industry wastewater. In order to overcome the disadvantage of iron inner electrolysis technique, many catalyzer mixed with iron and the running ways of technique were changed. This is catalyzed iron inner electrolysis technique. To deeply discuss the effect of treatment dyeing industry wastewater, the catalyzer, the running parameter and the mechanism of catalyzed iron inner electrolysis technique, the bench-scale and pilot-scale experimentation were done in shanghai Taopu industrial wastewater treatment plant and Shandong Huafang limited company wastewater treatment center.Firstly, the static state and bench-scale experimentation were done to study on the catalyzer and running ways. Aiming at the characteristic of dyeing industry wastewater -high pH , high chroma and high COD, On the basis of prophase production, Fe as reaction materials , Cu and C and Sn etc as catalyzer , the contradistinctive trial were done to increase the efficiency of catalyzed iron inner electrolysis technique;the influence of the parameter of technique by inflow pH was study in experimentation;The diverse running ways were compared to aggrandize the kind of removal mechanism.Catalyzed iron inner electrolysis technique and later biological treatment technique were studied through treating main kinds of dyeing industry wastewater. The results of experimentation shows that it is effective to treat dyeing wastewater , general dyeing industry wastewater, faded slurry wastewater and outflow of settling tank. For alkalescent dyeing industry wastewater, HRT of the catalyzed iron inner electrolysis technique isn't less than 3.0h, HRT of biological treatment technique is 24h, while the biodegradability and the removal of chroma are obviously increased. The removal efficiencies of chroma, COD and PO_4~3- were 81.5%, 78% and 97% respectively. The concentration of total of Fe is less than 0.5 mg/L. Catalyzed iron inner electrolysis technique is also effective for faded slurry wastewater. While the pH of inflow is 6.0, the removal efficiency of COD is 40% after iron bed. The final removal efficiencies of COD and SS are 89%,95%
respectively.The influence of the Catalyzed iron inner electrolysis technique to latter biological treatment was studied in this experimentation. This research concluded the role of biology in reactor and the forming of extracellular polymeric substances (EPS). The results of experimentation shows that the kinds and amount of microorganism was steady though iron was constantly consumed, and the iron reactor had the inner condition of biodegradability.The results of the contradistinctive trial show that it is advantageous for distilling EPS when there are lots of Fe ions in EPS. The new iron ions could improve the hanging film of carriers. Whether there is iron ion in waste water or not , the content of EPS is 46.1 mg/g, 17 mg/g respectively, the former is more the latter than 29 mg/g . As a annectent matter, large numbers of iron ion was adsorbed in EPS. That not only accelerated the forming of bioflim, but also largely changed the equipotential point of amino acid in bioflim. So the content of protein and enzyme are added and the removal of ability is consolidated. The results of contrastive experiment show that glucide degradability is faster than protein. The degradability velocity of former is as 3 times fast as the latter. After 3h, the concentration of iron ion was steady, but the consume of protein was added. It is obvious that glucide of EPS was consumed most easily, thus created the fall off of biofilm.To deeply discuss the effect of the Catalyzed iron inner electrolysis technique treating dyeing industry wastewater, and solve the problems of project, the pilot-scale experimentation was done in the plant. The concept of cell colander was introduced in project. Many problems of project were studied in experimentation to ensure the uniformity and intension of current, which concluded the ways of inflow and running. The pipe of discharge sludge was fixed in the bottom of iron reactor. Batch inflow and excessive aerating activated lots of iron. To increase the biodegradability, the running ways of the Catalyzed iron inner electrolysis technique adopt circle by pump or faint aerating, or else it is harmful to the biodegradability. Contrast to the bench-scale experimentation, the period of iron bed is shorter. When the reaction ability is depressed, it is good effect to aerate and ensure that pH of wastewater is 6.0-7.0.
In pilot-scale experimentation, the applying of the Catalyzed iron inner electrolysis technique to the reuse of wastewater in dyeing industry plant was deeply discussed.Finally, according to the results of pilot-scale experimentation and the fact of wastewater treatment center, the reconstruct project was brought forward. After discuss, the project is feasible, and there are lots of benefit of society and economy.
引文
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