海洋环境观测数据传输业务化运行关键技术研究
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摘要
海洋观测数据传输网是海洋观测体系的重要组成部分,是连接立体观测系统、预报警报系统和信息综合处理系统以及用户之间的纽带和桥梁,其稳定可靠的业务化运行对提高海洋观测预报和海洋灾害预警能力具有重要意义。
随着国家对海洋观测技术的高度重视以及海洋科学技术的进步,我国海洋观测将由近海向深远海延伸,多种观测平台特别是海上观测平台将被大量使用,海洋观测数据传输系统存在的一些问题更为突出,比如系统过于复杂、硬件设备不能互换、可能产生访问冲突以及升级改造困难等。
为解决这些问题,本论文从以下几方面展开研究:
一是提出数据传输标准化方案。它包括三个方面的内容:接口标准化、通信协议标准化和数据传输格式标准化。同时在参考多种传输协议的基础上,建立了一套比较完善的通用传输协议。
二是在基本不改变现有软硬件平台的基础上,为实现数据传输标准化提出了一个可行的方案,即在观测平台和通信设备之间构建一个中间解释层。中间解释层相当于一个中间转换模块,用于实现接口、通信协议的转换。
三是设计了一套系统用于实现中间解释层的功能,包括硬件部分和软件部分。硬件部分使用C8051F020处理器和一些外围接口器件,软件部分使用Silicon IDE和Microsoft Visual Basic 6.0实现软件开发。
最后,构建一套试验环境对所设计的系统进行试验验证,并对结果进行分析。
Ocean data transmission network is an important part of the ocean environmental observation system which plays the role of bridge and link that connects the three-dimensional observation system, forecasting and warning system, information integrated processing system and the users. Its regular operation is of great significance to improve the ability of the marine observation forecasting and disaster warning.
Along with our government’s high regard to marine observation technology and the advancement of marine science and technology, our country's marine observation will extend from coastal waters to deep sea and then various observation platforms especially marine observation platforms will be widely used. There are some outstanding issues in the marine data transmission system which can be illustrated by the following examples: the system is too complicated, hardware devices are not versatile and may generate an access visiting conflict and upgrading difficulties.
To solve these problems, the work is completed as follows:
First of all, the data transmission standardization program has been offered. It consists of three aspects: physical interface standardization, communication protocols standardization and data transmission format standardization. On the basis of referring to a variety of transfer protocols, the thesis establishes a comparative perfect transfer protocol.
Secondly, data standardization has been realized without changing the existing hardware and software platform. The thesis proposes a practicable solution, which is, establishing a middle layer of interpretation between the observation platform and communication platform. The middle layer of interpretation is equivalent to a middle conversion module which realizes the conversion of interface and communication protocol.
Thirdly, a system has been designed for implementing the function of the middle layer of interpretation, including hardware and software components. C8051F020 processor and some external interface conversion devices have been tried to use as hardware. Silicon IDE and the Microsoft Visual Basic 6.0 have been used for software development.
Finally, a set of test environment has been established to validate the designed system by experiments and then the results has been analyzed.
随着国家对海洋观测技术的高度重视以及海洋科学技术的进步,我国海洋观测将由近海向深远海延伸,多种观测平台特别是海上观测平台将被大量使用,海洋观测数据传输系统存在的一些问题更为突出,比如系统过于复杂、硬件设备不能互换、可能产生访问冲突以及升级改造困难等。
为解决这些问题,本论文从以下几方面展开研究:
一是提出数据传输标准化方案。它包括三个方面的内容:接口标准化、通信协议标准化和数据传输格式标准化。同时在参考多种传输协议的基础上,建立了一套比较完善的通用传输协议。
二是在基本不改变现有软硬件平台的基础上,为实现数据传输标准化提出了一个可行的方案,即在观测平台和通信设备之间构建一个中间解释层。中间解释层相当于一个中间转换模块,用于实现接口、通信协议的转换。
三是设计了一套系统用于实现中间解释层的功能,包括硬件部分和软件部分。硬件部分使用C8051F020处理器和一些外围接口器件,软件部分使用Silicon IDE和Microsoft Visual Basic 6.0实现软件开发。
最后,构建一套试验环境对所设计的系统进行试验验证,并对结果进行分析。
Ocean data transmission network is an important part of the ocean environmental observation system which plays the role of bridge and link that connects the three-dimensional observation system, forecasting and warning system, information integrated processing system and the users. Its regular operation is of great significance to improve the ability of the marine observation forecasting and disaster warning.
Along with our government’s high regard to marine observation technology and the advancement of marine science and technology, our country's marine observation will extend from coastal waters to deep sea and then various observation platforms especially marine observation platforms will be widely used. There are some outstanding issues in the marine data transmission system which can be illustrated by the following examples: the system is too complicated, hardware devices are not versatile and may generate an access visiting conflict and upgrading difficulties.
To solve these problems, the work is completed as follows:
First of all, the data transmission standardization program has been offered. It consists of three aspects: physical interface standardization, communication protocols standardization and data transmission format standardization. On the basis of referring to a variety of transfer protocols, the thesis establishes a comparative perfect transfer protocol.
Secondly, data standardization has been realized without changing the existing hardware and software platform. The thesis proposes a practicable solution, which is, establishing a middle layer of interpretation between the observation platform and communication platform. The middle layer of interpretation is equivalent to a middle conversion module which realizes the conversion of interface and communication protocol.
Thirdly, a system has been designed for implementing the function of the middle layer of interpretation, including hardware and software components. C8051F020 processor and some external interface conversion devices have been tried to use as hardware. Silicon IDE and the Microsoft Visual Basic 6.0 have been used for software development.
Finally, a set of test environment has been established to validate the designed system by experiments and then the results has been analyzed.
引文
[1]李玉成,海洋工程技术进展与对发展我国海洋经济的思考,大连理工大学学报,2002,42(Ⅰ):1～5
[2]钟健瑜,基于铱星数据通信的海洋数据采集与实时传输通用平台的研究:[硕士学位论文],南昌:南昌大学,2008
[3]李厚坤,OPC技术在海洋环境观测系统中的应用研究:[硕士学位论文],天津:国家海洋技术中心,2010
[4] National data a buoy center, http://www.ndbc,noaa,gov/
[5] Tricia Fu,DanielDoonan,Chris Utley etc,Design and Development of a Software-Defined Underwater Acoustic Modem for Sensor Networks for Environmental and Ecological Research,In proc.MTS/IEEE Oceans,September,2006
[6]蔡树群,张文静等,海洋环境观测技术研究进展,热带海洋学报,2007(3):76～81
[7]中共中央国务院关于实施科技规划纲要增强自主创新能力的决定,北京:人民出版社,2006
[8]李颖虹,王凡等,海洋观测能力建设的现状、趋势与对策思考,地球科学进展,2010,25(7):715～722
[9]郭庆,王振永等,卫星通信系统,北京:电子工业出版社,2010
[10]周璐,刘宝忠,北斗卫星定位系统的技术特征分析与应用,全球定位系统,2004,4:12～16
[11]刘敬猛,王田苗等,嵌入式技术及其在工程机械监控器中的应用,工程机械,2003,6:4～8
[12] Frye,D.L.Freitag,Detrick,J.Collins etc,An acoustically linked moored-buoy 0cean observatory,EOS,2006,87(22):213～218
[13]杨刚,32位嵌入式系统与SOC设计导论,北京:电子工业出版社,2011
[14]蔡方凯,单片机原理及基于单片机的嵌入式系统设计,北京:水利水电出版社,2007
[15]潘琢金,施国君,C8051Fxxx高速SOC单片机原理及应用,北京:北京航空航天大学出版社,2003
[16]周振安,浅谈单片机的选型,无线电,2003,总第491期
[17]潘琢金,C8051F020/1/2/3混合信号ISP FLASH微控制器数据手册,深圳:新华龙电子有限公司,2005
[18]门雅彬,采用MAX487E的RS-232/422/485隔离转换器,电子元器件应用,2005,7(1):22～25
[19]李江全,张丽等,Visual Basic串口通信与测控应用技术实战详解,北京:人民邮电出版社,2009
[20]孙汝鹏,基于嵌入式技术的海洋环境在线监测系统的设计与实现:[硕士学位论文],山东:山东大学,2006
[21]北京华讯威达通信电子技术有限公司,MDS2710A/C全数字数传电台安装操作指南,2006
[22] Bruni Renato,Discrete Models for Data Imputation,Discrete Applied Mathematics,2004,59～69
[23]马忠梅,籍顺心等,单片机的C语言应用程序设计(第4版),北京:北京航空航天大学出版社,2008
[24]张俊谟,SOC单片机原理与应用-基于C8051F系列,北京:北京航空航天大学出版社,2007
[25]张培仁,孙力,基于C语言C8051F系列微控制器原理与应用,北京:清华大学出版社,2007
[26]吕厚远,李培英,海洋灾害系统研究及预测预报,海洋与海岸带开发,1991,8(2):39～42
[27]北京神州天鸿有限公司,神州天鸿终端通信协议(V2.5 Release),2007
[28]明日科技,Visual Basic开发经验技巧宝典,北京:人民邮电出版社,2007
[29]张睿,周峰等,无线通信仪表与测试应用,北京:人民邮电出版社,2010
[30] Y.Bar-Shalom and H.M. Chen,IMM Estimator with Out-of-Swquence Measurement,IEEE Transactions on Aerospace and Electronic Systems,2005,40(1):90～97
[2]钟健瑜,基于铱星数据通信的海洋数据采集与实时传输通用平台的研究:[硕士学位论文],南昌:南昌大学,2008
[3]李厚坤,OPC技术在海洋环境观测系统中的应用研究:[硕士学位论文],天津:国家海洋技术中心,2010
[4] National data a buoy center, http://www.ndbc,noaa,gov/
[5] Tricia Fu,DanielDoonan,Chris Utley etc,Design and Development of a Software-Defined Underwater Acoustic Modem for Sensor Networks for Environmental and Ecological Research,In proc.MTS/IEEE Oceans,September,2006
[6]蔡树群,张文静等,海洋环境观测技术研究进展,热带海洋学报,2007(3):76～81
[7]中共中央国务院关于实施科技规划纲要增强自主创新能力的决定,北京:人民出版社,2006
[8]李颖虹,王凡等,海洋观测能力建设的现状、趋势与对策思考,地球科学进展,2010,25(7):715～722
[9]郭庆,王振永等,卫星通信系统,北京:电子工业出版社,2010
[10]周璐,刘宝忠,北斗卫星定位系统的技术特征分析与应用,全球定位系统,2004,4:12～16
[11]刘敬猛,王田苗等,嵌入式技术及其在工程机械监控器中的应用,工程机械,2003,6:4～8
[12] Frye,D.L.Freitag,Detrick,J.Collins etc,An acoustically linked moored-buoy 0cean observatory,EOS,2006,87(22):213～218
[13]杨刚,32位嵌入式系统与SOC设计导论,北京:电子工业出版社,2011
[14]蔡方凯,单片机原理及基于单片机的嵌入式系统设计,北京:水利水电出版社,2007
[15]潘琢金,施国君,C8051Fxxx高速SOC单片机原理及应用,北京:北京航空航天大学出版社,2003
[16]周振安,浅谈单片机的选型,无线电,2003,总第491期
[17]潘琢金,C8051F020/1/2/3混合信号ISP FLASH微控制器数据手册,深圳:新华龙电子有限公司,2005
[18]门雅彬,采用MAX487E的RS-232/422/485隔离转换器,电子元器件应用,2005,7(1):22～25
[19]李江全,张丽等,Visual Basic串口通信与测控应用技术实战详解,北京:人民邮电出版社,2009
[20]孙汝鹏,基于嵌入式技术的海洋环境在线监测系统的设计与实现:[硕士学位论文],山东:山东大学,2006
[21]北京华讯威达通信电子技术有限公司,MDS2710A/C全数字数传电台安装操作指南,2006
[22] Bruni Renato,Discrete Models for Data Imputation,Discrete Applied Mathematics,2004,59～69
[23]马忠梅,籍顺心等,单片机的C语言应用程序设计(第4版),北京:北京航空航天大学出版社,2008
[24]张俊谟,SOC单片机原理与应用-基于C8051F系列,北京:北京航空航天大学出版社,2007
[25]张培仁,孙力,基于C语言C8051F系列微控制器原理与应用,北京:清华大学出版社,2007
[26]吕厚远,李培英,海洋灾害系统研究及预测预报,海洋与海岸带开发,1991,8(2):39～42
[27]北京神州天鸿有限公司,神州天鸿终端通信协议(V2.5 Release),2007
[28]明日科技,Visual Basic开发经验技巧宝典,北京:人民邮电出版社,2007
[29]张睿,周峰等,无线通信仪表与测试应用,北京:人民邮电出版社,2010
[30] Y.Bar-Shalom and H.M. Chen,IMM Estimator with Out-of-Swquence Measurement,IEEE Transactions on Aerospace and Electronic Systems,2005,40(1):90～97