四川中科成环保股份有限公司发展战略研究
|
摘要
在我国，随着城市人口的增加和工农业生产的发展，污水排放量也日益增加。由于过去思想认识不到位，投资不足等原因，我国城市环保基础设施建设始终滞后于城市的发展，水体污染相当严重。为了尽快扭转我国目前面临的水污染严重和水资源短缺的局面，在未来10年内，我国将投资大约3000多亿元大规模地建设城市污水处理厂，以使我国的城市污水处理率得到大幅度提高。
面对城市污水治理步伐的加快。政府面临着筹集巨额资金难题，这必然促使污水处理市场化和产业化，改变以往单一由政府拨款和运营的局面。作为成立仅两年多的中科成环保公司，凭借资金及技术实力在城市污水处理项目的建设运营上得到了较快的发展，在完成原始积累和初步赢得城市水处理市场后，怎样利用自身优势，抓住机遇，回避威胁，保持快速发展的势头，中科成环保公司存在一个战略性思考与选择的问题。
论文首先对研究的目的和意义进行了描述，在介绍了中科成公司的现状后，指出了存在的问题。接着运用战略管理理论和战略分析工具对中科成公司的外部环境和内部优劣进行了较为详尽的分析。外部环境分析表明该公司所从事的行业是朝阳行业，国家对环保产业无论从政策上还是财政上都给予了极大的支持与优惠，同时中科成从业的市政污水处理领域存在着巨大的市场需求，公司面临着前所未有的发展机遇，而公司所受到的威胁更多的是来自于国内外强有力的竞争对手，以及BOT(built-operate-transfer，即建设、运营、移交)这种模式的本身所带来的风险。对公司内部状况的分析表明，优势在于公司内部资源丰富，起点较高，而弱点在于人力资源管理方面薄弱，研发后续力量不足。
本论文结合外部环境分析和内部优劣分析运用SWOT法对其进行了战略分
析，提出了中科成公司总体应当走S0战略与ST战略相结合之路。中科成公司
应利用良好的外部机遇及自身优势力争建立公司在四川省水环境污染治理市场
中的垄断地位，并以此为基础，向西部地区和全国市场拓展，同时采取ST战略
能有效回避政策、资金及技术风险，今后公司应当走相关多元化发展道路，开
辟新的相关市场，形成新的增长点。最后本文从组织结构、人力资源管理、建
立有效的激励机制、有计划的进行市场开拓以及提升核心竞争力等方面对公司
发展战略的具体实施提出了一些建议。
本论文的创新之处在于将一个以BOT模式进军城市污水处理行业的公司所
面临的内外部环境与战略理论相结合，为公司制定了以核心技术为中心走相关
多元化道路的发展战略，并就如何防范风险提出了切实可行的措施。
With the increasing of urban population and the development of national economy, wastewater discharge is increasing day by day. Due to lack of recognition and to investment shortage, the environmental protection infrastructure construction used to lag behind the development of cities, which caused severe water pollution. In order to change the status of serious water pollution and water shortage, China is to invest about 30 billion yuan on the construction of municipal wastewater (MWW) treatment plants to raise the treatment ratio of MWW.
However, it is much hard for the government to financing such a great amount of money, which will necessarily push the MWW treatment industry into the capital market and change the situation that the MWW treatment plants was invested only by the government. On the strength of both funds and technology, Sichuan Zhongkecheng Environmental Protection Co. Ltd, which was founded only a little more than two years, has attained remarkable achievements in construction and operation of MWW treatment projects. Whereas, after the accomplishment of preliminary winning in the market, now it is for the company to consider that how to utilize the advantages of itself, and how to hold the opportunity as well as to evade the potential threatening, to keep the rapid development. The named problem has become a strategy choice for the company.
The purpose and the meaning of this research are discussed firstly. The existing problems of Zhongkecheng Environmental Protection Co. Ltd ate indicated after an introduction of the status quo of the company. Then, strategy management theories and strategy analysis tools are used to give a detailed analysis of the external environment and of the inner advantages and disadvantages of the company. The analysis of the external environment shows that the environmental protection industry that the company is in is an industry which is given great financial support and preferential policies. Meanwhile, there is a large market demand of MWW treatment facilities. The two aspects give the company enormous developing opportunity. On the other hand, the threatening to the company mostly comes from the strong domestic and foreign rivals and the risk brought by the EOT (Build-Operate-Transfer) mode. The analysis of the inner conditions indicates that the company has the advantage of plenty inner resource, which gave the company a good outset while the disadvantage is the insufficiency of human resource management, which can not provide enough person for research and exploitation.
Applying the SWOT method on the basis of external environment analysis and inner advantage and disadvantage analysis, the thesis gives strategy analysis on the development of Zhongkecheng Environmental Protection Co. Ltd, and put forward that the company should joined the SO strategy together with the ST strategy. The company should take the advantage of good external opportunities and inner superiorities, to found a monopoly status in the wastewater treatment market of Sichuan. On this basis, it can extend to Western China, and even to the whole country. At the same time, applying the ST strategy can evade risks of policy, fond and technology. So the company ought to develop its business to more fields, to exploit new relative markets. Finally, it is pointed out that the implement of the whole strategy should be carried on through several aspects including rearranging organization structure, strengthening human resource management, setting up efficient stimulating mechanism, carrying out arranged market deploitation and promoting the nuclear competing ability.
The innovation of this thesis consists in integrating the theory of stratagem with the practice of BOT mode to municipal wastewater treatment, establishing a stratagem of development, and putting forward the advice about developing business to more fields.
面对城市污水治理步伐的加快。政府面临着筹集巨额资金难题，这必然促使污水处理市场化和产业化，改变以往单一由政府拨款和运营的局面。作为成立仅两年多的中科成环保公司，凭借资金及技术实力在城市污水处理项目的建设运营上得到了较快的发展，在完成原始积累和初步赢得城市水处理市场后，怎样利用自身优势，抓住机遇，回避威胁，保持快速发展的势头，中科成环保公司存在一个战略性思考与选择的问题。
论文首先对研究的目的和意义进行了描述，在介绍了中科成公司的现状后，指出了存在的问题。接着运用战略管理理论和战略分析工具对中科成公司的外部环境和内部优劣进行了较为详尽的分析。外部环境分析表明该公司所从事的行业是朝阳行业，国家对环保产业无论从政策上还是财政上都给予了极大的支持与优惠，同时中科成从业的市政污水处理领域存在着巨大的市场需求，公司面临着前所未有的发展机遇，而公司所受到的威胁更多的是来自于国内外强有力的竞争对手，以及BOT(built-operate-transfer，即建设、运营、移交)这种模式的本身所带来的风险。对公司内部状况的分析表明，优势在于公司内部资源丰富，起点较高，而弱点在于人力资源管理方面薄弱，研发后续力量不足。
本论文结合外部环境分析和内部优劣分析运用SWOT法对其进行了战略分
析，提出了中科成公司总体应当走S0战略与ST战略相结合之路。中科成公司
应利用良好的外部机遇及自身优势力争建立公司在四川省水环境污染治理市场
中的垄断地位，并以此为基础，向西部地区和全国市场拓展，同时采取ST战略
能有效回避政策、资金及技术风险，今后公司应当走相关多元化发展道路，开
辟新的相关市场，形成新的增长点。最后本文从组织结构、人力资源管理、建
立有效的激励机制、有计划的进行市场开拓以及提升核心竞争力等方面对公司
发展战略的具体实施提出了一些建议。
本论文的创新之处在于将一个以BOT模式进军城市污水处理行业的公司所
面临的内外部环境与战略理论相结合，为公司制定了以核心技术为中心走相关
多元化道路的发展战略，并就如何防范风险提出了切实可行的措施。
With the increasing of urban population and the development of national economy, wastewater discharge is increasing day by day. Due to lack of recognition and to investment shortage, the environmental protection infrastructure construction used to lag behind the development of cities, which caused severe water pollution. In order to change the status of serious water pollution and water shortage, China is to invest about 30 billion yuan on the construction of municipal wastewater (MWW) treatment plants to raise the treatment ratio of MWW.
However, it is much hard for the government to financing such a great amount of money, which will necessarily push the MWW treatment industry into the capital market and change the situation that the MWW treatment plants was invested only by the government. On the strength of both funds and technology, Sichuan Zhongkecheng Environmental Protection Co. Ltd, which was founded only a little more than two years, has attained remarkable achievements in construction and operation of MWW treatment projects. Whereas, after the accomplishment of preliminary winning in the market, now it is for the company to consider that how to utilize the advantages of itself, and how to hold the opportunity as well as to evade the potential threatening, to keep the rapid development. The named problem has become a strategy choice for the company.
The purpose and the meaning of this research are discussed firstly. The existing problems of Zhongkecheng Environmental Protection Co. Ltd ate indicated after an introduction of the status quo of the company. Then, strategy management theories and strategy analysis tools are used to give a detailed analysis of the external environment and of the inner advantages and disadvantages of the company. The analysis of the external environment shows that the environmental protection industry that the company is in is an industry which is given great financial support and preferential policies. Meanwhile, there is a large market demand of MWW treatment facilities. The two aspects give the company enormous developing opportunity. On the other hand, the threatening to the company mostly comes from the strong domestic and foreign rivals and the risk brought by the EOT (Build-Operate-Transfer) mode. The analysis of the inner conditions indicates that the company has the advantage of plenty inner resource, which gave the company a good outset while the disadvantage is the insufficiency of human resource management, which can not provide enough person for research and exploitation.
Applying the SWOT method on the basis of external environment analysis and inner advantage and disadvantage analysis, the thesis gives strategy analysis on the development of Zhongkecheng Environmental Protection Co. Ltd, and put forward that the company should joined the SO strategy together with the ST strategy. The company should take the advantage of good external opportunities and inner superiorities, to found a monopoly status in the wastewater treatment market of Sichuan. On this basis, it can extend to Western China, and even to the whole country. At the same time, applying the ST strategy can evade risks of policy, fond and technology. So the company ought to develop its business to more fields, to exploit new relative markets. Finally, it is pointed out that the implement of the whole strategy should be carried on through several aspects including rearranging organization structure, strengthening human resource management, setting up efficient stimulating mechanism, carrying out arranged market deploitation and promoting the nuclear competing ability.
The innovation of this thesis consists in integrating the theory of stratagem with the practice of BOT mode to municipal wastewater treatment, establishing a stratagem of development, and putting forward the advice about developing business to more fields.
引文
[1] (美)弗雷德.R 戴维．战略管理．北京：经济科学出版社，2001，10．
[2] 王德中．企业战略管理．成都：西南财经大学出版社，2002，8．
[3] 王江，杨锡怀，樊治平．企业的核心能力及其与多元化战略的关系．工业工程与管理，2M1，6(1)：31—34．
[4] 杨浩，戴月明．企业核心专长论．上海：上海财经大学出版社，2000，10．
[5] [英]安德鲁．坎贝尔等编．核心能力战略．大连：东北财经大学出版社，1999，8．
[6] 安娜蓓尔．碧莱尔著．领导与战略规划．北京：机械工业出版社，2000，1．
[7] 肖黎．BOT模式：污水处理产业化的出路．光明日报，2001—9—24
[8] 沈光范．关于城市污水处理厂设计的若干问题．中国给水排水．2000 16(10)：25～28
[9] 刘鸿志．国外城市污水处理厂的建设及运行管理．世界环境．2000 20(1)：31～33
[10] 陈东辉，常青．21世纪城市水处理市场前景初探．陕西环境 2000 7(3)：44～46
[11] 宋序彤．中国城市给水排水发展特征及对策．中国给水排水，2000，16(1)：21-25．
[12] 刘应宗．城市污水处理产业化的当务之急．中国建设报／中国水业．第19期
[13] 常纪文．城市污水集中处理市场化模式研究．环境保护．2000 22(2)：39～41
[14] 皮纳坎普；袁国文．欧盟六国污水处理概况．中国建设报／中国水业．第24期
[15] 曾科等．污水处理厂设计与运行．北京：化学工业出版社 2001年8月出版
[16] 张惠灵，等．城市污水治理存在的问题及对策．城市环境．1999 12(3)：12～14
[17] 中华人民共和国水污染防治法
[18] 中国环境年鉴．2000．
[19] 钱昌等．现代废水处理新技术．北京：中国科学技术出版社，1993．
[20] [美]R.琼金斯著．刘必琥译．活性污泥工艺操作手册．北京：中国环境科学出版社，1989
[21] 工业废水和城市污水处理技术经济手册．清华大学出版社．1992年版
[22] 国家环境保护“十五”规划
[23] 周律．环境工程技术经济和造价管理．北京：化学工业出版社．2001
[24] 刘维城．我国城市水污染控制技术经济政策．给水排水．1999 25(10)：18～20
[2] 王德中．企业战略管理．成都：西南财经大学出版社，2002，8．
[3] 王江，杨锡怀，樊治平．企业的核心能力及其与多元化战略的关系．工业工程与管理，2M1，6(1)：31—34．
[4] 杨浩，戴月明．企业核心专长论．上海：上海财经大学出版社，2000，10．
[5] [英]安德鲁．坎贝尔等编．核心能力战略．大连：东北财经大学出版社，1999，8．
[6] 安娜蓓尔．碧莱尔著．领导与战略规划．北京：机械工业出版社，2000，1．
[7] 肖黎．BOT模式：污水处理产业化的出路．光明日报，2001—9—24
[8] 沈光范．关于城市污水处理厂设计的若干问题．中国给水排水．2000 16(10)：25～28
[9] 刘鸿志．国外城市污水处理厂的建设及运行管理．世界环境．2000 20(1)：31～33
[10] 陈东辉，常青．21世纪城市水处理市场前景初探．陕西环境 2000 7(3)：44～46
[11] 宋序彤．中国城市给水排水发展特征及对策．中国给水排水，2000，16(1)：21-25．
[12] 刘应宗．城市污水处理产业化的当务之急．中国建设报／中国水业．第19期
[13] 常纪文．城市污水集中处理市场化模式研究．环境保护．2000 22(2)：39～41
[14] 皮纳坎普；袁国文．欧盟六国污水处理概况．中国建设报／中国水业．第24期
[15] 曾科等．污水处理厂设计与运行．北京：化学工业出版社 2001年8月出版
[16] 张惠灵，等．城市污水治理存在的问题及对策．城市环境．1999 12(3)：12～14
[17] 中华人民共和国水污染防治法
[18] 中国环境年鉴．2000．
[19] 钱昌等．现代废水处理新技术．北京：中国科学技术出版社，1993．
[20] [美]R.琼金斯著．刘必琥译．活性污泥工艺操作手册．北京：中国环境科学出版社，1989
[21] 工业废水和城市污水处理技术经济手册．清华大学出版社．1992年版
[22] 国家环境保护“十五”规划
[23] 周律．环境工程技术经济和造价管理．北京：化学工业出版社．2001
[24] 刘维城．我国城市水污染控制技术经济政策．给水排水．1999 25(10)：18～20