不同精度控制点对遥感图像几何校正的影响
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摘要
遥感图像的精度是遥感技术定量化应用的关键问题之一,它不仅关系到遥感技术在定量评价过程中的可行性与可靠性,而且还影响到遥感数据的应用范围和前景。本文是在地调项目《遥感图像解译精度实验对比与分析》的基础上完成的。论文以北京市区为研究区,以ETM、ASTER及SPOT遥感图像为基础,开展了遥感图像几何校正精度的研究。在对数据预处理的基础上,系统地研究了地形图量算控制点、手持GPS测量控制点及GPSRTK采集控制点对三种遥感图像几何校正的精度影响,综合分析了几何校正后遥感图像的精度区间。通过比较分析,取得了以下成果:
1、通过研究与对比分析,认为遥感图像几何精度不等同于遥感图像的地面分辨率,但与地面分辨率有关。即随着地面分辨率的增大,其遥感图像几何校正精度也在不断提高。
2、通过应用不同精度的控制点对遥感图像进行几何校正后发现,控制点精度越高,校正图像的几何精度也越高。但对于中低分辨率的遥感图像而言,随着控制点精度的提高,校正后图像的几何精度的提高并不明显。
3、对于高分辨率的遥感图像而言,随着控制点精度的提高,校正后图像的几何精度提高较大。在满足一定控制点数量前提下,增加控制点数量并不能明显提高遥感影像几何校正精度。
4、分别以地形图量算控制点、手持GPS和GPSRTK测量控制点为基础对ASTER、ETM和SPOT三种图像进行几何校正,通过对校正后图像的点位中误差和距离相对误差进行统计分析,得到在一定置信度下的点位中误差和距离相对误差分布的置信区间。
The precision of remote sensing image is one of the key problems in quantitative application of remote sensing technology, which is not only related with the feasibility and reliability of remote sensing technology during the process of quantitative evaluation, but also has effects on the scope of application and prospects of remote sensing data. The dissertation is completed on the basis of the project--"accuracy of remote sensing image interpretation and analysis of comparative experiments". Based on the theory of remote sensing image including ETM、ASTER、SPOT and taking Beijing region as study area, the dissertation did remote sensing image study on the accuracy of geometric correction. After the completion of data preprocessing, systematically study of the topographic map estimate control point, handheld GPS measurement control point and GPSRTK acquisition control point of three remote sensing images affect the accuracy of geometric correction, the dissertation did comprehensively analyze the interval accuracy of the geometric correction. Through comparative analysis, the main results are as follows:
1、Through study and comparative analysis, that geometric precision of remote sensing image is not equivalent to ground resolution. But it is relevant to ground resolution. With the increase of ground resolution, the geometric correction accuracy of remote sensing images also continues to increase.
2、Through systematically comparative analysis in experiments, found that the higher the precision of points are, the higher geometric precision of warp images are when conducting geometric correction using ground control points with different precision. But for middle and low resolution of remote sensing images, with improving of precision of control points, it is not obvious in improvement of geometric precision of corrected image.
3、For high resolution of remote sensing images, with improving of precision of control points, the effects are obvious in improvement of geometric precision of corrected image. To meet the prerequisite for a certain number of control points, increasing the number of control points and can not be markedly improved the accuracy of remote sensing images geometric correction.
4、Topographic map of control points, handheld GPS measurement and control points GPSRTK based on ASTER, ETM and SPOT images of three geometric correction, through the image correction after the point of error in the distance and relative error for statistical analysis, are a certain degree of confidence-point error in the distance and relative error of the confidence interval.
1、通过研究与对比分析,认为遥感图像几何精度不等同于遥感图像的地面分辨率,但与地面分辨率有关。即随着地面分辨率的增大,其遥感图像几何校正精度也在不断提高。
2、通过应用不同精度的控制点对遥感图像进行几何校正后发现,控制点精度越高,校正图像的几何精度也越高。但对于中低分辨率的遥感图像而言,随着控制点精度的提高,校正后图像的几何精度的提高并不明显。
3、对于高分辨率的遥感图像而言,随着控制点精度的提高,校正后图像的几何精度提高较大。在满足一定控制点数量前提下,增加控制点数量并不能明显提高遥感影像几何校正精度。
4、分别以地形图量算控制点、手持GPS和GPSRTK测量控制点为基础对ASTER、ETM和SPOT三种图像进行几何校正,通过对校正后图像的点位中误差和距离相对误差进行统计分析,得到在一定置信度下的点位中误差和距离相对误差分布的置信区间。
The precision of remote sensing image is one of the key problems in quantitative application of remote sensing technology, which is not only related with the feasibility and reliability of remote sensing technology during the process of quantitative evaluation, but also has effects on the scope of application and prospects of remote sensing data. The dissertation is completed on the basis of the project--"accuracy of remote sensing image interpretation and analysis of comparative experiments". Based on the theory of remote sensing image including ETM、ASTER、SPOT and taking Beijing region as study area, the dissertation did remote sensing image study on the accuracy of geometric correction. After the completion of data preprocessing, systematically study of the topographic map estimate control point, handheld GPS measurement control point and GPSRTK acquisition control point of three remote sensing images affect the accuracy of geometric correction, the dissertation did comprehensively analyze the interval accuracy of the geometric correction. Through comparative analysis, the main results are as follows:
1、Through study and comparative analysis, that geometric precision of remote sensing image is not equivalent to ground resolution. But it is relevant to ground resolution. With the increase of ground resolution, the geometric correction accuracy of remote sensing images also continues to increase.
2、Through systematically comparative analysis in experiments, found that the higher the precision of points are, the higher geometric precision of warp images are when conducting geometric correction using ground control points with different precision. But for middle and low resolution of remote sensing images, with improving of precision of control points, it is not obvious in improvement of geometric precision of corrected image.
3、For high resolution of remote sensing images, with improving of precision of control points, the effects are obvious in improvement of geometric precision of corrected image. To meet the prerequisite for a certain number of control points, increasing the number of control points and can not be markedly improved the accuracy of remote sensing images geometric correction.
4、Topographic map of control points, handheld GPS measurement and control points GPSRTK based on ASTER, ETM and SPOT images of three geometric correction, through the image correction after the point of error in the distance and relative error for statistical analysis, are a certain degree of confidence-point error in the distance and relative error of the confidence interval.
引文
[1] 李树楷.试论中国遥感发展战略.卫星遥感,1997,(3):12-17.
[2] 李德仁,周月琴,金为铣.摄影测量与遥感概论.北京:测绘出版社,2001.
[3] 蒲体信,吴敏宁; 卫星遥感图像处理几何精度分析评价[A].中国科协 2005 年学术年会第 38 分会场、科学发展与土地资源节约和集约利用论文集[C].2005 年.
[4] 傅肃性.地学分析在遥感制图中的应用.国土资源遥感,1994(3):41-47.
[5] 孙家柄,舒宁,关泽群.遥感原理、方法和应用[M].北京:测绘出版社. 1997.188-189.
[6] 王新民等. 陆地卫星五号 TM 图像系统纠正产品的几何精度分析[J ].环境遥感,1989,4 (4) :293 - 298.
[7] 贾永红, 计算机图像处理与分析.武汉:武汉大学出版社,2001
[8] 刘帅,黄美化. 浅析江西抚州地区 TM 影像几何精校正方法.西部探矿工程. 2006,126(10) :13-15.
[9] 雷平, 石军南等. ViewGIS 中遥感图像几何精校正与误差分析.四川林勘设计.2005,2:55-57.
[10] 朱光良. 基于遥感数据的 GIS 数据库几何精度分析.测绘通报.2000,9:5-7.
[11] 王崇倡,石吉宝. QuickBird 遥感全色影像平面精度分析.测绘工程. 2004,13(1):53-56.
[12] 冯钟葵等. TM 图像数字镶嵌的几何精度分析及镶嵌方法的探讨[J]. 环境遥感,1996,4 (11):295-301.
[13] 曹彤. TM 图像的大地校正及其镶嵌方法研究[J ].国土资源遥感. 2001,(3).
[14] 惠凤鸣,田庆久等. ASTER 数据的 DEM 生产及精度评价.应用技术.遥感信息.2004,1.
[15] 费鲜芸,张志国等. SPOT5 城区影像几何精校正点位和面积精度研究.测绘科学.2007,32(1):105-106.
[16] 杜永明,秦其明.不同分辨率对遥感影像中识别人造地物的影响.遥感技术与应用.2001,16(4) :214-216.
[17] 李崇贵,李春干. 森林资源监测 SPOT5 遥感图像几何精校正方法研究.北京林业大学学报. 2004,26(5):22-25.
[18] 孟春林. SPOT 全色波段影像的几何校正.云南林业调查规划设计.2000,25(4) :42-46.
[19] Murat ORUC, Guven KOCAK, Geometric Accuracy Testing of IKONOS Geo-Product Mono Imagery Using Different Sensor Orientation Models, Turkish J. Eng. Env. Sci.27 (2003), 347-360.
[20] J. Grodecki and G. Dial, IKONOS Geometric Accuracy, Proceedings of Joint Workshop of ISPRS Working Groups I/2, I/5 and IV/7 on High Resolution Mapping from Space 2001, University of Hannover, Hannover, Germany, Sept 19-21, 2001.
[21] N. Al-Rousan, G. Petrie. System Calibration, Geometric Accuracy Testing and Validation of DEM & Orthoimage Data Extracted From SPOT Stereopairs Using Commercially Available Image Processing Systems.
[22] Nicholas J. Schmidt, Cindy Fowler, et al.A Study of the Potential Attainable Geometric Accuracy of IKONOS Satellite Imagery.Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering and Geodetic Science.
[23] 张鹰,张东等. GCP 分布对海岸带 TM 影像几何校正精度的影响研究.海洋学报.2007,29(1) :31-36.
[24] 张和平,柴渊. 卫星图像的精校正.电力勘测.总第 9 期,62-64
[25] 李立钢,刘波,尤红建等. 星载遥感影像几何精校正算法分析比较.光子学报.2006,7(35) :1028-1034.
[26] 况昶,程声通. GPS 用于小区域的几何校正和对地定位的精度分析.测绘通报. 1999,(1):12-16.
[27] 刘云峰,李若. 不同 DEM 数据对卫星遥感影像纠正精度的影响.测绘通报.2002,(7):26-28.
[28] 张维胜,王永明,王超等. 平坦小区域中高分辨率线阵推扫式影像几何精纠正算法的精度分析. 光学技术.2006,32(4):537-541.
[29] 国家质量技术监督局.GB/f 18316-2001.数字测绘产品检查验收规定和质量评定. 北京:中国标准出版社,2001.
[30] 国家质量技术监督局.GB/T 15968-1995.遥感影像平面图制作规范. 北京:中国标准出版社,1995.
[2] 李德仁,周月琴,金为铣.摄影测量与遥感概论.北京:测绘出版社,2001.
[3] 蒲体信,吴敏宁; 卫星遥感图像处理几何精度分析评价[A].中国科协 2005 年学术年会第 38 分会场、科学发展与土地资源节约和集约利用论文集[C].2005 年.
[4] 傅肃性.地学分析在遥感制图中的应用.国土资源遥感,1994(3):41-47.
[5] 孙家柄,舒宁,关泽群.遥感原理、方法和应用[M].北京:测绘出版社. 1997.188-189.
[6] 王新民等. 陆地卫星五号 TM 图像系统纠正产品的几何精度分析[J ].环境遥感,1989,4 (4) :293 - 298.
[7] 贾永红, 计算机图像处理与分析.武汉:武汉大学出版社,2001
[8] 刘帅,黄美化. 浅析江西抚州地区 TM 影像几何精校正方法.西部探矿工程. 2006,126(10) :13-15.
[9] 雷平, 石军南等. ViewGIS 中遥感图像几何精校正与误差分析.四川林勘设计.2005,2:55-57.
[10] 朱光良. 基于遥感数据的 GIS 数据库几何精度分析.测绘通报.2000,9:5-7.
[11] 王崇倡,石吉宝. QuickBird 遥感全色影像平面精度分析.测绘工程. 2004,13(1):53-56.
[12] 冯钟葵等. TM 图像数字镶嵌的几何精度分析及镶嵌方法的探讨[J]. 环境遥感,1996,4 (11):295-301.
[13] 曹彤. TM 图像的大地校正及其镶嵌方法研究[J ].国土资源遥感. 2001,(3).
[14] 惠凤鸣,田庆久等. ASTER 数据的 DEM 生产及精度评价.应用技术.遥感信息.2004,1.
[15] 费鲜芸,张志国等. SPOT5 城区影像几何精校正点位和面积精度研究.测绘科学.2007,32(1):105-106.
[16] 杜永明,秦其明.不同分辨率对遥感影像中识别人造地物的影响.遥感技术与应用.2001,16(4) :214-216.
[17] 李崇贵,李春干. 森林资源监测 SPOT5 遥感图像几何精校正方法研究.北京林业大学学报. 2004,26(5):22-25.
[18] 孟春林. SPOT 全色波段影像的几何校正.云南林业调查规划设计.2000,25(4) :42-46.
[19] Murat ORUC, Guven KOCAK, Geometric Accuracy Testing of IKONOS Geo-Product Mono Imagery Using Different Sensor Orientation Models, Turkish J. Eng. Env. Sci.27 (2003), 347-360.
[20] J. Grodecki and G. Dial, IKONOS Geometric Accuracy, Proceedings of Joint Workshop of ISPRS Working Groups I/2, I/5 and IV/7 on High Resolution Mapping from Space 2001, University of Hannover, Hannover, Germany, Sept 19-21, 2001.
[21] N. Al-Rousan, G. Petrie. System Calibration, Geometric Accuracy Testing and Validation of DEM & Orthoimage Data Extracted From SPOT Stereopairs Using Commercially Available Image Processing Systems.
[22] Nicholas J. Schmidt, Cindy Fowler, et al.A Study of the Potential Attainable Geometric Accuracy of IKONOS Satellite Imagery.Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering and Geodetic Science.
[23] 张鹰,张东等. GCP 分布对海岸带 TM 影像几何校正精度的影响研究.海洋学报.2007,29(1) :31-36.
[24] 张和平,柴渊. 卫星图像的精校正.电力勘测.总第 9 期,62-64
[25] 李立钢,刘波,尤红建等. 星载遥感影像几何精校正算法分析比较.光子学报.2006,7(35) :1028-1034.
[26] 况昶,程声通. GPS 用于小区域的几何校正和对地定位的精度分析.测绘通报. 1999,(1):12-16.
[27] 刘云峰,李若. 不同 DEM 数据对卫星遥感影像纠正精度的影响.测绘通报.2002,(7):26-28.
[28] 张维胜,王永明,王超等. 平坦小区域中高分辨率线阵推扫式影像几何精纠正算法的精度分析. 光学技术.2006,32(4):537-541.
[29] 国家质量技术监督局.GB/f 18316-2001.数字测绘产品检查验收规定和质量评定. 北京:中国标准出版社,2001.
[30] 国家质量技术监督局.GB/T 15968-1995.遥感影像平面图制作规范. 北京:中国标准出版社,1995.