矿井瓦斯爆炸感应期内反应动力学分析及光学特征研究
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摘要
防止瓦斯爆炸事故是保证煤矿安全生产的首要任务,同时也是实现煤与瓦斯安全共采的一个重要任务。煤矿发生瓦斯爆炸事故是多种因素共同作用的结果,其机理涉及很多复杂理论和试验技术课题,灾害现象发生过程的复杂性致使目前防治瓦斯爆炸事故的技术手段具有较大局限性。对瓦斯爆炸感应期内反应动力学的分析及光学特征的研究,为瓦斯爆炸探测技术提供数据支持,为瓦斯抑爆技术提供理论支持。
本文以热爆炸理论和链式反应理论为基础分析了瓦斯爆炸感应期内的反应动力学过程,明确了瓦斯爆炸感应期的概念及其动力学描述;在改建已有的瓦斯爆炸实验系统和新建立的瓦斯爆炸实验系统上进行了瓦斯爆炸实验;利用MATLAB图像处理技术分析实验数据,通过分析瓦斯爆炸初期火焰前沿位置、速度的时间和空间分布规律,得出了瓦斯由燃烧转为爆炸的判据,进而得出确定瓦斯燃烧感应期、由燃烧转为爆炸的响应时间、爆炸感应期的方法;分析得出反映瓦斯爆炸火焰图像光学特征和光谱特征的主要特征参数和分析方法,并深入分析了7个浓度的31组瓦斯爆炸感应期内火焰图像光学特征及其与自然背景光和点火器放电电火花图像光学特征的区别和12个浓度的51组瓦斯爆炸感应期内火焰光谱特征及其与自然背景光谱、干扰背景光谱和点火器放电电火花光谱特征的区别;分析得出瓦斯爆炸感应期内火焰中可能存在的10种自由基和5种分子及其特征光谱的出现次数和分布规律;提出瓦斯爆炸感应期内瓦斯爆炸探测系统的设计构想和原理,展示了矿井瓦斯爆炸感应期内光学特征研究在瓦斯爆炸探测领域里的应用前景;详细分析了探测系统中利用光学特征辨识瓦斯爆炸火焰的辨识方法,并选取持续趋势算法、神经网络中的感知器和BP网络算法对瓦斯爆炸火焰进行辨识,实现了在实验室条件下对瓦斯爆炸感应期内火焰的辨识。
It is the first of the most important assignment for the safety production in mine to prevent the gas explosion accident. It is also an aspect of achieving the simultaneous extraction of coal and coal bed gas. The gas explosion accident is result in the action of many factors, which relates to many difficult questions of theories and experiments. The difficult course of gas explosion accident leads to the limitation of the techniques used to prevent gas explosion accident. The analysis of reaction dynamics and the study on optical characteristic of gas explosion in induction periods offer the data for developing the techniques of detecting gas explosion and are the base of developing the techniques of controlling gas explosion.
In this paper, the reaction dynamics of gas explosion are analyzed base on the thermal reaction theory and chain reaction theory. The conceptd and the dynamics description of the induction period of gas explosion are clarified. The gas explosion experiments are made in the improved equipment system of gas explosion experiment and in another new one. The data are analyzed by software named MATLAB used to analyze images. The location and the rate of the flame front of gas explosion are analyzed. The criterion of judging gas explosion is educed, base on which the way of ascertaining the induction period of the combustion, translation from combustion to explosion and explosion is educed. The characteristic parameters of the image and spectrum of the flame and the analysis way are educed. The flame image optical characteristic in induction period of gas explosion is analyzed in detail, which belongs to 31 groups of experiments with 7 different concentrations of gas. The difference of image optical characteristic of the flame with the nature background and the electric spark emitted by the ignition is also analyzed in detail. The flame spectral characteristic in induction period of gas explosion is analyzed in detail, which belongs to 51 groups of experiments with 12 different concentrations of gas. The difference of spectral characteristic of the flame with the nature background, interferential background and the electric spark emitted by the ignition is also analyzed in detail. 10 kinds of radicals and 5 kinds of numerators existing possibly in the flame of gas explosion in the induction period are educed, and the appearance times and the distribution of the spectral band emitted by them is analyzed. The conception and the principle of the gas explosion detector system in the induction period is put forward, which shows the applied significance of the study in this paper. The way of identifying the flame of gas explosion by the optical characteristic in the detector system is analyzed in detail. The Trend-Persistence method, Perceptron Neural Networks and Back Propagation Neural Networks is used to identify the flame of gas explosion. The identification of the flame of gas explosion in the induction period is carried out in experiment condition.
本文以热爆炸理论和链式反应理论为基础分析了瓦斯爆炸感应期内的反应动力学过程,明确了瓦斯爆炸感应期的概念及其动力学描述;在改建已有的瓦斯爆炸实验系统和新建立的瓦斯爆炸实验系统上进行了瓦斯爆炸实验;利用MATLAB图像处理技术分析实验数据,通过分析瓦斯爆炸初期火焰前沿位置、速度的时间和空间分布规律,得出了瓦斯由燃烧转为爆炸的判据,进而得出确定瓦斯燃烧感应期、由燃烧转为爆炸的响应时间、爆炸感应期的方法;分析得出反映瓦斯爆炸火焰图像光学特征和光谱特征的主要特征参数和分析方法,并深入分析了7个浓度的31组瓦斯爆炸感应期内火焰图像光学特征及其与自然背景光和点火器放电电火花图像光学特征的区别和12个浓度的51组瓦斯爆炸感应期内火焰光谱特征及其与自然背景光谱、干扰背景光谱和点火器放电电火花光谱特征的区别;分析得出瓦斯爆炸感应期内火焰中可能存在的10种自由基和5种分子及其特征光谱的出现次数和分布规律;提出瓦斯爆炸感应期内瓦斯爆炸探测系统的设计构想和原理,展示了矿井瓦斯爆炸感应期内光学特征研究在瓦斯爆炸探测领域里的应用前景;详细分析了探测系统中利用光学特征辨识瓦斯爆炸火焰的辨识方法,并选取持续趋势算法、神经网络中的感知器和BP网络算法对瓦斯爆炸火焰进行辨识,实现了在实验室条件下对瓦斯爆炸感应期内火焰的辨识。
It is the first of the most important assignment for the safety production in mine to prevent the gas explosion accident. It is also an aspect of achieving the simultaneous extraction of coal and coal bed gas. The gas explosion accident is result in the action of many factors, which relates to many difficult questions of theories and experiments. The difficult course of gas explosion accident leads to the limitation of the techniques used to prevent gas explosion accident. The analysis of reaction dynamics and the study on optical characteristic of gas explosion in induction periods offer the data for developing the techniques of detecting gas explosion and are the base of developing the techniques of controlling gas explosion.
In this paper, the reaction dynamics of gas explosion are analyzed base on the thermal reaction theory and chain reaction theory. The conceptd and the dynamics description of the induction period of gas explosion are clarified. The gas explosion experiments are made in the improved equipment system of gas explosion experiment and in another new one. The data are analyzed by software named MATLAB used to analyze images. The location and the rate of the flame front of gas explosion are analyzed. The criterion of judging gas explosion is educed, base on which the way of ascertaining the induction period of the combustion, translation from combustion to explosion and explosion is educed. The characteristic parameters of the image and spectrum of the flame and the analysis way are educed. The flame image optical characteristic in induction period of gas explosion is analyzed in detail, which belongs to 31 groups of experiments with 7 different concentrations of gas. The difference of image optical characteristic of the flame with the nature background and the electric spark emitted by the ignition is also analyzed in detail. The flame spectral characteristic in induction period of gas explosion is analyzed in detail, which belongs to 51 groups of experiments with 12 different concentrations of gas. The difference of spectral characteristic of the flame with the nature background, interferential background and the electric spark emitted by the ignition is also analyzed in detail. 10 kinds of radicals and 5 kinds of numerators existing possibly in the flame of gas explosion in the induction period are educed, and the appearance times and the distribution of the spectral band emitted by them is analyzed. The conception and the principle of the gas explosion detector system in the induction period is put forward, which shows the applied significance of the study in this paper. The way of identifying the flame of gas explosion by the optical characteristic in the detector system is analyzed in detail. The Trend-Persistence method, Perceptron Neural Networks and Back Propagation Neural Networks is used to identify the flame of gas explosion. The identification of the flame of gas explosion in the induction period is carried out in experiment condition.
引文
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