独立式内燃机热泵系统及其控制特性实验研究
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摘要
独立式内燃机热泵系统是在普通内燃机热泵系统上整合一套发电系统实现的,主要包含发动机子系统、热泵子系统、发电子系统、末端能量利用子系统和智能控制系统五个部分,是内燃机热泵的新的发展。内燃机驱动的独立式热泵能够产生冷、热、电,其电力能够满足自身用电,废热可以用来生产生活热水。本文的主要研究内容如下:
(1)提出了新型内燃机热泵空调形式-余热复合式(独立式)燃气机热泵空调系统。该系统由一个核心的(独立式)燃气机热泵和房间一次换热器、二次换热器以及风机、水泵等一些附属设备组成。建立了包括房间墙壁传热模型、燃气机热泵模型、换热器模型、空气处理模型等数学模型,研究了余热复合式(独立式)燃气机热泵空调系统性能和节能特性。结果表明余热复合式(独立式)燃气机热泵空调系统能够较好的利用系统余热实现空调系统的节能高效运行。
(2)独立式内燃机热泵系统控制特点包括多变量、非线性、强耦合、大延迟等。提出了神经网络非线性PID控制方法、多目标联合控制方法和PID神经元神经网络预测控制方法来控制本系统运行,并且针对这些方法做了仿真研究和实验研究。结果表明该系列智能控制方法不但具有结构简单,工作稳定,各参数物理意义明确和工程上易于实现等优点,又具有并行结构和学习记忆功能及任意函数逼近的能力,在不同工况下具有广泛的自适应性。
(3)独立式内燃机热泵智能控制系统复杂,除了包括实现特定功能的控制算法和控制策略,还包括实现这些控制方法的硬件和软件系统。本文采用分级递阶智能控制策略将智能控制系统的软硬件有机的组织起来,形成一个协调多功能的智能控制系统。实验证明,本智能控制方式能够较为有效地控制独立式内燃机热泵系统。
(4)搭建了独立式内燃机热泵系统及其智能控制系统样机,并进行了实验。实验包括内燃机驱动的独立式热泵系统特性和总体性能、各个控制方法效果和总体控制效果实验以及变末端水流量系统性能实验等。实验证明,本系统是一个绿色高效的能量利用系统,本智能控制系统能够较为有效的控制系统稳定、安全、高效的运行。
Including engine subsystem, heat pump subsystem, generating subsystem, terminal energy use subsystem and intelligence control system, independent engine-driven heat pump (IEHP) is a new development of engine-driven heat pump (GEHP). With the only one input energy - natural gas, IEHP can realize cold, heat, hot water and electricity which is enough to itself to users. The main contents are summarized as follows:
(1)The (independent) engine-driven heat pump air-conditioning system with waste heat utilized was proposed, which includes core (independent) engine-driven heat pump, primary heat interchanger, second heat interchangers and fans, pumps. Some mathematical models, such as the room wall heat transfer model, the engine-driven heat pump model, the heat interchanger model, the air conditioning model, was established. The performance and the energy conservation characteristic for the GEHP/IEHP with waste heat utilized. The results show that (independent) engine-driven heat pump air-conditioning system with waste heat utilized can save energy.
(2)In view of the control characteristic for the engine heat pump speed, the electronic expansion valve and the system water leakage temperature the neural network non-linear PID control method, the multi-objective union control method and the non-linear forecast control method was proposed. The simulation research and the experimental study indicate these methods can effectively control system. The results indicate that the structure for control method is simple, the control system works stablely, its robust is strong, various parameters physics significance is clear and it is easy to realize in the project, and also has the parallel structure and the essence studies ability. It has memory function and can approach arbitrary function, so it has widespread auto-adapted under the different operating mode.
(3)For the complexity for intelligence control of IEHP which includes control algorithm and control strategy, the graduation hierarchical intelligence control strategy was used in the system to organically organize the control software and hardware to form one multi-purpose intelligence control system. This control strategy also was for the first time in this domain application. The experiment proved that this intelligence control system can control this system effectively.
(4) The IEHP prototype was built and some experiments for the system performance and the overall performance, each control method effect and the overall control effect experiment had been carried on. The experimentals show the system is a green highly effective energy use system without commercial power and the intelligence control system can highly effectively, tenderly stablely and safely, controls the system.
(1)提出了新型内燃机热泵空调形式-余热复合式(独立式)燃气机热泵空调系统。该系统由一个核心的(独立式)燃气机热泵和房间一次换热器、二次换热器以及风机、水泵等一些附属设备组成。建立了包括房间墙壁传热模型、燃气机热泵模型、换热器模型、空气处理模型等数学模型,研究了余热复合式(独立式)燃气机热泵空调系统性能和节能特性。结果表明余热复合式(独立式)燃气机热泵空调系统能够较好的利用系统余热实现空调系统的节能高效运行。
(2)独立式内燃机热泵系统控制特点包括多变量、非线性、强耦合、大延迟等。提出了神经网络非线性PID控制方法、多目标联合控制方法和PID神经元神经网络预测控制方法来控制本系统运行,并且针对这些方法做了仿真研究和实验研究。结果表明该系列智能控制方法不但具有结构简单,工作稳定,各参数物理意义明确和工程上易于实现等优点,又具有并行结构和学习记忆功能及任意函数逼近的能力,在不同工况下具有广泛的自适应性。
(3)独立式内燃机热泵智能控制系统复杂,除了包括实现特定功能的控制算法和控制策略,还包括实现这些控制方法的硬件和软件系统。本文采用分级递阶智能控制策略将智能控制系统的软硬件有机的组织起来,形成一个协调多功能的智能控制系统。实验证明,本智能控制方式能够较为有效地控制独立式内燃机热泵系统。
(4)搭建了独立式内燃机热泵系统及其智能控制系统样机,并进行了实验。实验包括内燃机驱动的独立式热泵系统特性和总体性能、各个控制方法效果和总体控制效果实验以及变末端水流量系统性能实验等。实验证明,本系统是一个绿色高效的能量利用系统,本智能控制系统能够较为有效的控制系统稳定、安全、高效的运行。
Including engine subsystem, heat pump subsystem, generating subsystem, terminal energy use subsystem and intelligence control system, independent engine-driven heat pump (IEHP) is a new development of engine-driven heat pump (GEHP). With the only one input energy - natural gas, IEHP can realize cold, heat, hot water and electricity which is enough to itself to users. The main contents are summarized as follows:
(1)The (independent) engine-driven heat pump air-conditioning system with waste heat utilized was proposed, which includes core (independent) engine-driven heat pump, primary heat interchanger, second heat interchangers and fans, pumps. Some mathematical models, such as the room wall heat transfer model, the engine-driven heat pump model, the heat interchanger model, the air conditioning model, was established. The performance and the energy conservation characteristic for the GEHP/IEHP with waste heat utilized. The results show that (independent) engine-driven heat pump air-conditioning system with waste heat utilized can save energy.
(2)In view of the control characteristic for the engine heat pump speed, the electronic expansion valve and the system water leakage temperature the neural network non-linear PID control method, the multi-objective union control method and the non-linear forecast control method was proposed. The simulation research and the experimental study indicate these methods can effectively control system. The results indicate that the structure for control method is simple, the control system works stablely, its robust is strong, various parameters physics significance is clear and it is easy to realize in the project, and also has the parallel structure and the essence studies ability. It has memory function and can approach arbitrary function, so it has widespread auto-adapted under the different operating mode.
(3)For the complexity for intelligence control of IEHP which includes control algorithm and control strategy, the graduation hierarchical intelligence control strategy was used in the system to organically organize the control software and hardware to form one multi-purpose intelligence control system. This control strategy also was for the first time in this domain application. The experiment proved that this intelligence control system can control this system effectively.
(4) The IEHP prototype was built and some experiments for the system performance and the overall performance, each control method effect and the overall control effect experiment had been carried on. The experimentals show the system is a green highly effective energy use system without commercial power and the intelligence control system can highly effectively, tenderly stablely and safely, controls the system.
引文
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