防爆环境下大功率三电平变换器功率损耗与散热方法研究
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摘要
随着社会的不断发展和工业的不断革命,对变频器的容量要求越来越高。而随着大功率IGBT的问世,其功率损耗和冷却方法已经引起人们的广泛关注。精确计算大功率变换器的功率损耗,并合理设计出切实可行的冷却方法,是变频器向大功率方向发展的关键技术之一。特别是在一些防爆环境下(比如矿井井下),其散热方法尤其值得关注。本文以防爆型三电平变换器为研究对象,在基于SVPWM调制方式下对其通态损耗和开关损耗建立精确功率损耗模型,并结合仿真和理论基础,对模型的实用范围和误差进行深入研究,得到比较实用的大功率三电平变换器功率损耗计算方法。并根据防爆设备所处的恶劣环境,选取散热效果好且易实现的热管作为散热元件,并根据选取的热管散热器参数,建立IGBT结温和外围环境的热路模型,主要内容围绕以下几个方面。
理论分析IGBT和二极管开关暂态过程,根据其开通和关断典型波形,建立其开通和关断损耗的数学模型。并搭建实验平台,通过大量实验得到模型所需数据,最终得到IGBT和二极管开关损耗实际曲线图。
深入研究三电平变换器的工作工程和各器件的导通顺序,提出功率变换器功率损耗研究的基本思想,在基于SPWM调制方式下建立数学模型。对数据结果进行分析得到影响功率损耗的各种因素,并对在各种因素下每个器件功率损耗的分布趋势进行量化分析。基于空间矢量PWM调制方式的优越性,认真研究其机理并在基于简单三电平算法基础上首次建立其功率损耗数学模型,利用离散型方法得出数据结果。并与基于SPWM调制方式下的三电平变换器功率损耗进行比较,分析其分布规律的不同之处。通过MATLAB/Simulink仿真,具体研究三电平变换器在不同条件下实际工作过程,分析功率损耗模型误差和适用范围,为优化系统设计和解决系统性能与热处理关系奠定基础。
在综合研究现有电力电子设备冷却方法的同时,选择热管散热器作为本课题的散热方法,分析整个热路的热阻以及影响因素,建立从IGBT结温到环境温度的数学模型,并通过有限元方法对散热器的热场进行仿真分析,验证模型的准确度。
以1MW防爆变频器为平台,提出一种新颖实用的大电流对拖实验方法(互馈),利用以DSP2812为核心的控制器编写程序,得到大功率三电平变换器的实际功率损耗,并利用热成像仪拍摄热管热场分布情况。
该论文有图80幅,表25个,参考文献128篇。
With the continuous social development and industrial revolution, the capacity of the inverter becomes increasingly desired. And with the high power IGBT released, its power loss and cooling method have attracted wide attention in the industrial field. Accurate calculation of power loss and reasonable design of a practical cooling method have been one of the key technologies for the inverter with high power. The cooling method is more important, especially in harsh environments (such as the underground mine coal). This paper took the Explosion-proof Three-level Converter as research object, established a accurate power loss model for its conduction and switching loss based on SVPWM modulation mode, and was carried in depth study through the practical scope and error of the model combining with the simulation and theoretical basis, and finally got a more practical calculation method for High Power Three-level Converter power loss. According to the harsh environment in which the Explosion-proof equipments applied, this dissertation selected heat pipe as the cooling device which is easy to implement for the inverter. Then the thermal circuit model between IGBT junction temperature and external environment was established according to the parameters of selected heat pipe heat sink.
In the paper, there are 80 pictures,25 tables and 128 references.
理论分析IGBT和二极管开关暂态过程,根据其开通和关断典型波形,建立其开通和关断损耗的数学模型。并搭建实验平台,通过大量实验得到模型所需数据,最终得到IGBT和二极管开关损耗实际曲线图。
深入研究三电平变换器的工作工程和各器件的导通顺序,提出功率变换器功率损耗研究的基本思想,在基于SPWM调制方式下建立数学模型。对数据结果进行分析得到影响功率损耗的各种因素,并对在各种因素下每个器件功率损耗的分布趋势进行量化分析。基于空间矢量PWM调制方式的优越性,认真研究其机理并在基于简单三电平算法基础上首次建立其功率损耗数学模型,利用离散型方法得出数据结果。并与基于SPWM调制方式下的三电平变换器功率损耗进行比较,分析其分布规律的不同之处。通过MATLAB/Simulink仿真,具体研究三电平变换器在不同条件下实际工作过程,分析功率损耗模型误差和适用范围,为优化系统设计和解决系统性能与热处理关系奠定基础。
在综合研究现有电力电子设备冷却方法的同时,选择热管散热器作为本课题的散热方法,分析整个热路的热阻以及影响因素,建立从IGBT结温到环境温度的数学模型,并通过有限元方法对散热器的热场进行仿真分析,验证模型的准确度。
以1MW防爆变频器为平台,提出一种新颖实用的大电流对拖实验方法(互馈),利用以DSP2812为核心的控制器编写程序,得到大功率三电平变换器的实际功率损耗,并利用热成像仪拍摄热管热场分布情况。
该论文有图80幅,表25个,参考文献128篇。
With the continuous social development and industrial revolution, the capacity of the inverter becomes increasingly desired. And with the high power IGBT released, its power loss and cooling method have attracted wide attention in the industrial field. Accurate calculation of power loss and reasonable design of a practical cooling method have been one of the key technologies for the inverter with high power. The cooling method is more important, especially in harsh environments (such as the underground mine coal). This paper took the Explosion-proof Three-level Converter as research object, established a accurate power loss model for its conduction and switching loss based on SVPWM modulation mode, and was carried in depth study through the practical scope and error of the model combining with the simulation and theoretical basis, and finally got a more practical calculation method for High Power Three-level Converter power loss. According to the harsh environment in which the Explosion-proof equipments applied, this dissertation selected heat pipe as the cooling device which is easy to implement for the inverter. Then the thermal circuit model between IGBT junction temperature and external environment was established according to the parameters of selected heat pipe heat sink.
In the paper, there are 80 pictures,25 tables and 128 references.
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