基于价值链的发电设备制造企业技术创新模式选择研究
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摘要
经济全球化、竞争全球化,今天的市场竞争已经不再是,或者不仅仅是单个企业之间的竞争,而是产业链、产业价值链、价值链之间的竞争。同时,在知识经济的时代,一方面,创新已经成为国家、区域、行业、企业获取竞争优势的最为基本的途径;另一方面,技术创新模式的选择,对于通过创新构建竞争优势具有重要影响。众多的研究表明,产业不同、产业的结构不同,企业的资源能力不同,企业的技术创新模式也将不同。但是,对于技术创新模式的选择的研究,仍然不能够给现实的企业技术创新模式选择提供有效的指导。
本文综合战略管理的产业结构学派与资源能力学派,将二者聚集、融合于价值链;同时将价值链与技术创新模式的研究结合,进行“基于价值链的企业技术创新模式选择”的研究,力图在丰富创新理论研究的同时,为现实的企业技术创新实践提供一种参考和借鉴。
重型装备行业,资本密集、技术密集、价值密集,不仅提供对于国民经济发展至关重要的大型成套设备,而且代表着一个国家的技术水平、装备水平,是一个国家发展最为重要的战略产业。中国发电设备制造业是中国大型装备制造业的一个主要产业,其技术创新和技术进步,身系国家安全和代表国家生产力。因此,研究发电设备企业的技术创新具有重要的理论和现实价值。
同时,论文作者长期在发电设备制造企业从事技术创新和生产制造的管理工作,对我国发电设备制造企业的发展有更多的关注。基于上述多重原因,本论文选题确定为“基于价值链的我国发电设备企业技术创新模式选择研究”。
在学习吸收、参考借鉴国内外关于价值链、技术创新等领域的研究成果,论文分从价值链的视野展开对企业技术创新模式选择的研究。本论文的主要工作可以总结为如下两个方面:
一、构建“基于价值链的企业技术创新模式选择”的理论研究框架
论文构建这一理论研究框架的逻辑思路是:首先,建立以价值为“中介”的技术创新与竞争优势的认识框架;然后,以“价值活动”为主径,构建基于价值链的技术创新价值分析模型;最后,论文对不同技术创新模式进行了比较分析,分别创建了基于两两因素的五种技术创新模式选择模型,技术创新模式的四位一体选择匹配模型,以及综合三维的技术创新模式选择模型。
二、深入考察我国发电设备制造企业的技术创新模式选择实践,以检验所构
建的“基于价值链的企业技术创新模式选择”理论研究框架论文在对我国传统火电行业、电站汽轮机、风电行业与风电设备价值链等进行深入分析的基础上,对我国发电设备制造业及其典型企业东方汽轮机在传统火电、新兴风电以及核电、太阳能等发电设备领域的技术创新模式选择进行了深入的考察和分析,总结了我国发电设备制造企业的技术创新战略实践和技术创新模式选择,印证了论文所建立的基于价值链的技术创新选择理论模型。
围绕上述主要工作,论文形成了具有内在联系的三个创新点:
第一,构建了基于价值链的技术创新价值分析模型。在对价值概念、竞争优势的概念以及技术创新概念进行深入挖掘的基础上,构建了创新通过包括资源模式演变、结构与竞争、价值活动等途径而构建竞争优势的基于价值链的技术创新价值实现模型,并对其中的每一条路径都进行了深入的分析和阐述。
第二,构建了基于价值结构的技术创新模式选择模型。在对包括自主创新在内的五种创新模式的比较分析及其构建两两的技术创新选择模型的基础上,创建了基于价值链定位、价值结构与资源能力、技术创新模式四位一体分析模型和综合的、包括技术创新能力、市场结构和创新价值内的三维的、技术创新模式选择模型,深入阐述了模型的匹配与演变。
第三,运用和验证了论文所建立的“基于价值链的发电设备制造企业技术创新模式选择”这一理论研究模型。
论文的考察和检验工作的沿着两条线路综合展开:一是选取技术创新高度依赖的发电设备制造业以及其典型代表——东方汽轮机为考察对象;二是根据我国电力结构以及我国发电设备制造企业的经营结构,分别选择传统火电、新兴风电以及核电、太阳能等发电设备领域为考察对象;论文对电力行业、发电设备行业及典型企业进行全面的考察,对火电、风电、核电以及太阳能等发电设备领域的价值链、价值结构、技术结构等进行深入的分析研究,对发电设备制造业和东方汽轮机在火电、风电、核电以及太阳能等领域的技术创新模式选择进行了深入的考察和分析,从而运用和验证了论文所建立的“基于价值链的发电设备制造企业技术创新模式选择”这一理论研究模型,丰富了对这一领域的研究。
In the environment of economic globalization and global competition, the competition in the market today is no longer, or more than just the competition among individual enterprises, but the competition among the industry chain, industry value chain, value chain. At the same time, in the era of the knowledge-based economy, on the one hand, innovation has become the most basic way to obtain the competitive advantage of the national, regional, industry, enterprise; On the other hand, the choice of technological innovation mode has an important influence on building the competitive advantage through innovation. Numerous studies have shown that with different industries, different industry structures, different resource capacity of enterprises, the modes of technological innovation of enterprises will also be different. However, the researches on the choice of technological innovation mode have still not been able to provide effective guidance for the choice of technological innovation mode in reality.
This paper integrates the schools of industry structure and resource capacity schools in strategy management into the value chain; at the same time, with the combining of the value chain and technological innovation mode to study“The choice of enterprise technological innovation mode based on value chain”, seeking to enrich the theoretical study of innovation, and also to provide references for realistic practices of enterprise technological innovation.
Heavy equipment industries, with the characteristics of capital-intensive, technology-intensive, value-intensive, not only provide large complete sets of equipment vital for national economic development, but also represent a country's technology level, equipment level, and it is the most important strategy industry for the development of a country. What’s more, Chinese power equipment manufacturing industry is a major industry of Chinese large equipment manufacturing industry, whose technological innovation and technological progress are the representatives of national security and national productivity. Therefore, the study on the technological innovation of power generation equipment enterprises has both important theoretical and practical value.
Moreover, the author has engaged in the management work of technological innovation and manufacturing in power generation equipment manufacturing enterprise in the long-term, and paid more attention to the development of China's power generation equipment manufacturing enterprise. For these reasons, the topic of this thesis is identified as“A study on the choice of technological innovation mode in Chinese power generation equipment enterprise based on the value chain”.
Referring to the research results of the value chain and technological innovation and so on at home and abroad, this paper carries through the study of the choice of technological innovation mode from the perspective of value chain. In this paper, the major work can be summarized into the following two aspects:
Firstly, it is to build the theoretical research framework of“the choice of enterprise technological innovation mode based on the value chain”
The logic of building this theoretical research framework in this paper are as follows: Firstly, setting up the cognition framework of technological innovation and competitive advantage based on the“intermediary”--- value; and then with the main trail of“value activities”, building the analytical model of technological innovation value based on value chain; Finally, the paper has done a comparative analysis of different technological innovation modes, respectively created the five types models of the choice of technological innovation mode based on twosome factors, four-in-one choice matching model of technological innovation mode, as well as an integrated three-dimensional choice model of technological innovation mode.
Secondly, it is to study in-depth practices of the choice of technological innovation mode in China's power generation equipment manufacturing enterprises to test the theoretical research framework of“the choice of enterprise technological innovation mode based on the value chain”
On the basis of analyzing the China's traditional thermal power industry, power station steam turbine, wind power and wind power equipment industry value chain in-depth, the paper has conducted in-depth analysis of the choice of technological innovation mode in China's power generation equipment manufacturing industry and a typical enterprise--Dongfang Steam Turbine Works in the traditional thermal power, emerging wind power, as well as nuclear power, solar power, such as the field of these generating equipment, and finally summed up technological innovation strategy practices and the choice of technological innovation mode in China's power generation equipment manufacturing enterprises, confirming the theoretical model of the choice of technological innovation mode based on the value chain.
Around the main job, the paper has formed three innovation points intrinsically linked with one another:
Firstly, it is to build an analysis model of technological innovation value based on the value chain. On the basis of the concepts of value and competitive advantage, as well as technological innovation, it builds a technological innovation value realization model based on the value chain by the innovation ways including resource mode evolution, structure and competition, value activities and so on to build competitive advantage, and also carried out in-depth analysis and elaboration with each one of the paths.
Secondly, it is to build a choice model of technological innovation mode based on the value structure. On the basis of comparative analysis of five types of innovation models including indigenous innovation, and twosome choice of technological innovation model, it has created four-in-one analysis model based on the value chain position, value structure and resource capacity, technological innovation mode as well as integrated three-dimensional technological innovation mode selection model including technological innovation capacity, market structure and innovation value, and then expatiated on the model’s matching and evolution.
Thirdly, it has used and validate the theoretical model of“the choice of technological innovation mode in power generation equipment manufacturing enterprises based on value chain”.
To start the thesis work of testing is as follows: Firstly, select the power generation equipment manufacturing industry which is highly dependent on technological innovation, as well as its typical representative---Dongfang Steam Turbine Works;
Secondly, in accordance with Chinese power structure, as well as the business structure of China's power generation equipment manufacturing, respectively select the traditional thermal power, emerging wind power, as well as nuclear power, solar power and other power generation equipment areas as the study object.
Furthermore, this paper has conducted a comprehensive study of the power industry, power generation equipment industry and the typical enterprises, and also conducted in-depth analysis of research on value chain, value structure, technological structure of thermal power, wind power, nuclear power and solar power such as the power generating equipment areas, in addition conducted the study on choice of technological innovation mode of power generation equipment manufacturing industry and Dongfang Steam Turbine Works in the thermal power, wind power, nuclear power and solar power areas, in order to use and validate the theoretical model of“the choice of technological innovation mode in power generation equipment manufacturing enterprises based on value chain”set up by this thesis, and enriched researches in this field.
本文综合战略管理的产业结构学派与资源能力学派,将二者聚集、融合于价值链;同时将价值链与技术创新模式的研究结合,进行“基于价值链的企业技术创新模式选择”的研究,力图在丰富创新理论研究的同时,为现实的企业技术创新实践提供一种参考和借鉴。
重型装备行业,资本密集、技术密集、价值密集,不仅提供对于国民经济发展至关重要的大型成套设备,而且代表着一个国家的技术水平、装备水平,是一个国家发展最为重要的战略产业。中国发电设备制造业是中国大型装备制造业的一个主要产业,其技术创新和技术进步,身系国家安全和代表国家生产力。因此,研究发电设备企业的技术创新具有重要的理论和现实价值。
同时,论文作者长期在发电设备制造企业从事技术创新和生产制造的管理工作,对我国发电设备制造企业的发展有更多的关注。基于上述多重原因,本论文选题确定为“基于价值链的我国发电设备企业技术创新模式选择研究”。
在学习吸收、参考借鉴国内外关于价值链、技术创新等领域的研究成果,论文分从价值链的视野展开对企业技术创新模式选择的研究。本论文的主要工作可以总结为如下两个方面:
一、构建“基于价值链的企业技术创新模式选择”的理论研究框架
论文构建这一理论研究框架的逻辑思路是:首先,建立以价值为“中介”的技术创新与竞争优势的认识框架;然后,以“价值活动”为主径,构建基于价值链的技术创新价值分析模型;最后,论文对不同技术创新模式进行了比较分析,分别创建了基于两两因素的五种技术创新模式选择模型,技术创新模式的四位一体选择匹配模型,以及综合三维的技术创新模式选择模型。
二、深入考察我国发电设备制造企业的技术创新模式选择实践,以检验所构
建的“基于价值链的企业技术创新模式选择”理论研究框架论文在对我国传统火电行业、电站汽轮机、风电行业与风电设备价值链等进行深入分析的基础上,对我国发电设备制造业及其典型企业东方汽轮机在传统火电、新兴风电以及核电、太阳能等发电设备领域的技术创新模式选择进行了深入的考察和分析,总结了我国发电设备制造企业的技术创新战略实践和技术创新模式选择,印证了论文所建立的基于价值链的技术创新选择理论模型。
围绕上述主要工作,论文形成了具有内在联系的三个创新点:
第一,构建了基于价值链的技术创新价值分析模型。在对价值概念、竞争优势的概念以及技术创新概念进行深入挖掘的基础上,构建了创新通过包括资源模式演变、结构与竞争、价值活动等途径而构建竞争优势的基于价值链的技术创新价值实现模型,并对其中的每一条路径都进行了深入的分析和阐述。
第二,构建了基于价值结构的技术创新模式选择模型。在对包括自主创新在内的五种创新模式的比较分析及其构建两两的技术创新选择模型的基础上,创建了基于价值链定位、价值结构与资源能力、技术创新模式四位一体分析模型和综合的、包括技术创新能力、市场结构和创新价值内的三维的、技术创新模式选择模型,深入阐述了模型的匹配与演变。
第三,运用和验证了论文所建立的“基于价值链的发电设备制造企业技术创新模式选择”这一理论研究模型。
论文的考察和检验工作的沿着两条线路综合展开:一是选取技术创新高度依赖的发电设备制造业以及其典型代表——东方汽轮机为考察对象;二是根据我国电力结构以及我国发电设备制造企业的经营结构,分别选择传统火电、新兴风电以及核电、太阳能等发电设备领域为考察对象;论文对电力行业、发电设备行业及典型企业进行全面的考察,对火电、风电、核电以及太阳能等发电设备领域的价值链、价值结构、技术结构等进行深入的分析研究,对发电设备制造业和东方汽轮机在火电、风电、核电以及太阳能等领域的技术创新模式选择进行了深入的考察和分析,从而运用和验证了论文所建立的“基于价值链的发电设备制造企业技术创新模式选择”这一理论研究模型,丰富了对这一领域的研究。
In the environment of economic globalization and global competition, the competition in the market today is no longer, or more than just the competition among individual enterprises, but the competition among the industry chain, industry value chain, value chain. At the same time, in the era of the knowledge-based economy, on the one hand, innovation has become the most basic way to obtain the competitive advantage of the national, regional, industry, enterprise; On the other hand, the choice of technological innovation mode has an important influence on building the competitive advantage through innovation. Numerous studies have shown that with different industries, different industry structures, different resource capacity of enterprises, the modes of technological innovation of enterprises will also be different. However, the researches on the choice of technological innovation mode have still not been able to provide effective guidance for the choice of technological innovation mode in reality.
This paper integrates the schools of industry structure and resource capacity schools in strategy management into the value chain; at the same time, with the combining of the value chain and technological innovation mode to study“The choice of enterprise technological innovation mode based on value chain”, seeking to enrich the theoretical study of innovation, and also to provide references for realistic practices of enterprise technological innovation.
Heavy equipment industries, with the characteristics of capital-intensive, technology-intensive, value-intensive, not only provide large complete sets of equipment vital for national economic development, but also represent a country's technology level, equipment level, and it is the most important strategy industry for the development of a country. What’s more, Chinese power equipment manufacturing industry is a major industry of Chinese large equipment manufacturing industry, whose technological innovation and technological progress are the representatives of national security and national productivity. Therefore, the study on the technological innovation of power generation equipment enterprises has both important theoretical and practical value.
Moreover, the author has engaged in the management work of technological innovation and manufacturing in power generation equipment manufacturing enterprise in the long-term, and paid more attention to the development of China's power generation equipment manufacturing enterprise. For these reasons, the topic of this thesis is identified as“A study on the choice of technological innovation mode in Chinese power generation equipment enterprise based on the value chain”.
Referring to the research results of the value chain and technological innovation and so on at home and abroad, this paper carries through the study of the choice of technological innovation mode from the perspective of value chain. In this paper, the major work can be summarized into the following two aspects:
Firstly, it is to build the theoretical research framework of“the choice of enterprise technological innovation mode based on the value chain”
The logic of building this theoretical research framework in this paper are as follows: Firstly, setting up the cognition framework of technological innovation and competitive advantage based on the“intermediary”--- value; and then with the main trail of“value activities”, building the analytical model of technological innovation value based on value chain; Finally, the paper has done a comparative analysis of different technological innovation modes, respectively created the five types models of the choice of technological innovation mode based on twosome factors, four-in-one choice matching model of technological innovation mode, as well as an integrated three-dimensional choice model of technological innovation mode.
Secondly, it is to study in-depth practices of the choice of technological innovation mode in China's power generation equipment manufacturing enterprises to test the theoretical research framework of“the choice of enterprise technological innovation mode based on the value chain”
On the basis of analyzing the China's traditional thermal power industry, power station steam turbine, wind power and wind power equipment industry value chain in-depth, the paper has conducted in-depth analysis of the choice of technological innovation mode in China's power generation equipment manufacturing industry and a typical enterprise--Dongfang Steam Turbine Works in the traditional thermal power, emerging wind power, as well as nuclear power, solar power, such as the field of these generating equipment, and finally summed up technological innovation strategy practices and the choice of technological innovation mode in China's power generation equipment manufacturing enterprises, confirming the theoretical model of the choice of technological innovation mode based on the value chain.
Around the main job, the paper has formed three innovation points intrinsically linked with one another:
Firstly, it is to build an analysis model of technological innovation value based on the value chain. On the basis of the concepts of value and competitive advantage, as well as technological innovation, it builds a technological innovation value realization model based on the value chain by the innovation ways including resource mode evolution, structure and competition, value activities and so on to build competitive advantage, and also carried out in-depth analysis and elaboration with each one of the paths.
Secondly, it is to build a choice model of technological innovation mode based on the value structure. On the basis of comparative analysis of five types of innovation models including indigenous innovation, and twosome choice of technological innovation model, it has created four-in-one analysis model based on the value chain position, value structure and resource capacity, technological innovation mode as well as integrated three-dimensional technological innovation mode selection model including technological innovation capacity, market structure and innovation value, and then expatiated on the model’s matching and evolution.
Thirdly, it has used and validate the theoretical model of“the choice of technological innovation mode in power generation equipment manufacturing enterprises based on value chain”.
To start the thesis work of testing is as follows: Firstly, select the power generation equipment manufacturing industry which is highly dependent on technological innovation, as well as its typical representative---Dongfang Steam Turbine Works;
Secondly, in accordance with Chinese power structure, as well as the business structure of China's power generation equipment manufacturing, respectively select the traditional thermal power, emerging wind power, as well as nuclear power, solar power and other power generation equipment areas as the study object.
Furthermore, this paper has conducted a comprehensive study of the power industry, power generation equipment industry and the typical enterprises, and also conducted in-depth analysis of research on value chain, value structure, technological structure of thermal power, wind power, nuclear power and solar power such as the power generating equipment areas, in addition conducted the study on choice of technological innovation mode of power generation equipment manufacturing industry and Dongfang Steam Turbine Works in the thermal power, wind power, nuclear power and solar power areas, in order to use and validate the theoretical model of“the choice of technological innovation mode in power generation equipment manufacturing enterprises based on value chain”set up by this thesis, and enriched researches in this field.
引文
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