磁流变液制备及动力传动技术研究
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摘要
磁流变液（Magnetorheological Fluids, MRF）是一种典型的智能材料，主要由软磁性颗粒、基载液和表面添加剂组成，具有磁场可控特性，已在动力传递、振动控制等领域得到了广泛应用。磁流变传动装置（Magnetorheological Transmission Device,MRTD）是以磁流变液为传动介质开发出的一种新型传动技术，具有众多优点，存在广阔的应用前景。针对目前磁流变液制备及其动力传动研究中存在的问题，本文在以下几个方面进行了深入的研究。
根据传动用磁流变液的特殊要求，对磁流变液各组分进行了选择和性能分析，采用基液置换法，制备出多种类型的磁流变液，比较了表面活性剂类型、含量等因素对磁流变液沉降稳定性和表观粘度的影响特点，得到单表面活性剂的作用规律。
根据单表面活性剂的作用效果，提出了表面活性剂复配技术，研究了表面活性剂复配顺序、搅拌工艺（搅拌时间、速度和温度）及复配含量对复配效果的影响规律，得到了较优搅拌工艺及复配含量关系，制备出性能良好的传动用磁流变液，并根据传动用磁流变液的特殊要求，对其各组分热特性、颗粒热磁特性、热氧化特性、磁流变液及硅油热膨胀特性、磁流变液经高温处理后沉降特性进行了研究，得到其性能指标。
总结了磁流变液屈服应力测试方法，指出了测试过程中面临的问题，研制了一种具有温控功能的圆盘式屈服应力测试仪，并对该仪器的磁路进行了仿真及实验分析；在该磁流变液屈服应力测试仪上，对带有不同径向沟槽数目、沟槽宽度和沟槽密度的传动圆盘开展了壁面特性实验，并根据壁面特性研究结果，采用较优传动壁面，测试了自制磁流变液的常温及高温剪切屈服应力。
设计并加工出一种带有水流冷却通道的多盘式磁流变传动装置，分析了其电磁场和温度场，并在该装置的基础上，搭建了多盘式动力传动试验台，开展了其传动特性、动态响应性能、温升特性、散热性能等试验研究。研究取得的成果对磁流变液制备及其动力传动技术的深入研究具有指导意义，为磁流变传动装置的设计和磁流变动力传动技术的应用推广提供技术支持。
Magnetorheologcial Fluids (MRF), which is composed of soft magnetic particlessuspended in carrier fluid and stabilizer, is a new type intelligent material with attractiverheological properties upon the application of an external magnetic field, and has awidespread use in the occasions of damping control and power transmission,Magnetorheological Transmission Device (MRTD), with superior transmissionperformance and application prospect, is an important application of MRF. According to theexisting problems, the following aspects are thoroughly researched in the dissertation.
According to the special requirements of transmission MRF, of which each componentis chosen and the performance is analyzed. A variety of MRF is prepared by the method ofcarrier fluid displacement. The influence rule of surfactant type and content on MRFsedimentation stability and apparent viscosity is researched, and the effect of singlesurfactant is obtained.
According to the application effect of single surfactant, the surfactant compoundtechnology is put forward, and the influence rule of compound sequence, process andcontent on compound effect is studied, the more excellent preparation process andcompound content relation is obtained, and then, the transmission MRF is prepared by themethod obtained above, the various components of the thermal properties, particle thermalmagnetic properties, thermal oxidation characteristics, MRF and silicone oil thermalexpansion characteristics, sedimental stability of MRF processed by high temperature areall studied.
The method of testing yield stress of MRF is summarized, and the problems existingin the process of testing yield stress are pointed out. A disk type yield stress measurementinstrument with temperature control function is designed, and the simulation andexperimental analysis on the magnetic circuit of the instrument is performed. What’s more,the wall characteristic of MRF is tested in the instument by the method of yield stressmearsurement for different transmission disks with different groove number, groove widthand groove density. On the basis of research results of wall characteristics, the moreexcellent transmission wall is adopted to test the shear yield stress of MRF in normal andhigher temperature.
A multiplate MRTD with water flowing channel is designed, of which the magneticcircuit and temperature field are analyzed by the FEM software. And then, the multiplatemagnetorheological transmission experimental set-up is established, the related studies on the transmission characteristic, dynamic response performance, temperature risecharacteristic and heat dissipation of MRTD are developed. The research results play aguiding role in the thorough research on MRF and MRTD technology, and providetechnical support for the design of MRTD and application and popularization of MRTDtechnology.
根据传动用磁流变液的特殊要求，对磁流变液各组分进行了选择和性能分析，采用基液置换法，制备出多种类型的磁流变液，比较了表面活性剂类型、含量等因素对磁流变液沉降稳定性和表观粘度的影响特点，得到单表面活性剂的作用规律。
根据单表面活性剂的作用效果，提出了表面活性剂复配技术，研究了表面活性剂复配顺序、搅拌工艺（搅拌时间、速度和温度）及复配含量对复配效果的影响规律，得到了较优搅拌工艺及复配含量关系，制备出性能良好的传动用磁流变液，并根据传动用磁流变液的特殊要求，对其各组分热特性、颗粒热磁特性、热氧化特性、磁流变液及硅油热膨胀特性、磁流变液经高温处理后沉降特性进行了研究，得到其性能指标。
总结了磁流变液屈服应力测试方法，指出了测试过程中面临的问题，研制了一种具有温控功能的圆盘式屈服应力测试仪，并对该仪器的磁路进行了仿真及实验分析；在该磁流变液屈服应力测试仪上，对带有不同径向沟槽数目、沟槽宽度和沟槽密度的传动圆盘开展了壁面特性实验，并根据壁面特性研究结果，采用较优传动壁面，测试了自制磁流变液的常温及高温剪切屈服应力。
设计并加工出一种带有水流冷却通道的多盘式磁流变传动装置，分析了其电磁场和温度场，并在该装置的基础上，搭建了多盘式动力传动试验台，开展了其传动特性、动态响应性能、温升特性、散热性能等试验研究。研究取得的成果对磁流变液制备及其动力传动技术的深入研究具有指导意义，为磁流变传动装置的设计和磁流变动力传动技术的应用推广提供技术支持。
Magnetorheologcial Fluids (MRF), which is composed of soft magnetic particlessuspended in carrier fluid and stabilizer, is a new type intelligent material with attractiverheological properties upon the application of an external magnetic field, and has awidespread use in the occasions of damping control and power transmission,Magnetorheological Transmission Device (MRTD), with superior transmissionperformance and application prospect, is an important application of MRF. According to theexisting problems, the following aspects are thoroughly researched in the dissertation.
According to the special requirements of transmission MRF, of which each componentis chosen and the performance is analyzed. A variety of MRF is prepared by the method ofcarrier fluid displacement. The influence rule of surfactant type and content on MRFsedimentation stability and apparent viscosity is researched, and the effect of singlesurfactant is obtained.
According to the application effect of single surfactant, the surfactant compoundtechnology is put forward, and the influence rule of compound sequence, process andcontent on compound effect is studied, the more excellent preparation process andcompound content relation is obtained, and then, the transmission MRF is prepared by themethod obtained above, the various components of the thermal properties, particle thermalmagnetic properties, thermal oxidation characteristics, MRF and silicone oil thermalexpansion characteristics, sedimental stability of MRF processed by high temperature areall studied.
The method of testing yield stress of MRF is summarized, and the problems existingin the process of testing yield stress are pointed out. A disk type yield stress measurementinstrument with temperature control function is designed, and the simulation andexperimental analysis on the magnetic circuit of the instrument is performed. What’s more,the wall characteristic of MRF is tested in the instument by the method of yield stressmearsurement for different transmission disks with different groove number, groove widthand groove density. On the basis of research results of wall characteristics, the moreexcellent transmission wall is adopted to test the shear yield stress of MRF in normal andhigher temperature.
A multiplate MRTD with water flowing channel is designed, of which the magneticcircuit and temperature field are analyzed by the FEM software. And then, the multiplatemagnetorheological transmission experimental set-up is established, the related studies on the transmission characteristic, dynamic response performance, temperature risecharacteristic and heat dissipation of MRTD are developed. The research results play aguiding role in the thorough research on MRF and MRTD technology, and providetechnical support for the design of MRTD and application and popularization of MRTDtechnology.
引文
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