分布式光纤温度传感系统的可靠性研究
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摘要
分布式光纤温度传感系统(Distributed Temperature Sensing System,DTS)集传感测量技术、光通讯技术、消防报警技术为一体,是一种测量技术先进的温度传感系统,具有分布式实时测量、定位精确、测量灵敏度高、动态范围宽、抗电磁干扰等特点,在电力、土木、石化、钢铁、冶金等场合得到广泛的应用,受到国内外研究者的极大关注。
目前国内DTS产品在功能上与欧美国家的同类型产品相比差距较小,但在产品的可靠性上相差甚远。由于欧美产品的可靠性普遍较高,其仪器的价格往往是国内同类产品的1.5~2倍甚至更高,这造成了目前国内DTS高端市场由西门子、安捷伦等国外品牌占据,国内企业主要占据中低端市场的局面。因此,如何有效提高产品的可靠性,成为国内分布式光纤传感器厂商急待解决的问题。本文在前期工作的基础上,对DTS系统的可靠性展开研究,主要包括以下几个方面:
1、课题背景及意义
简要阐述了DTS系统的优势及应用,在对DTS系统可靠性研究意义及现状总结的基础上,提出了DTS系统可靠性研究方法。
2、建立了DTS系统可靠性工作流程
依照可靠性相关理论并结合DTS系统特征,根据DTS系统的可靠性需求,建立了可靠性工作流程,用于指导DTS系统的可靠性研究。
3、分析了系统性能对DTS系统可靠性的影响
对DTS系统的可靠性设计进行了分析,给出系统关键技术指标的相互联系,总结了改进系统性能对DTS系统可靠性的影响。
4、提出一种改进的小波阈值选取方法用以提高DTS系统可靠性
分析了小波去噪在DTS系统中的应用,指出传统统一阈值选取方法的不足;并根据DTS系统的温度反演曲线,提炼出噪声模型,提出一种新的改进阈值方法用以提高DTS系统的可靠性。
5、自行设计研制出系统关键光学器件测试工装,完成系统可靠性试验
以DTS系统的研发为例,基于DTS系统可靠性需求,在可靠性研究框架指导下设计并研制出系统关键光学器件测试工装,应用General Requirement系列标准和相关国家标准,进行了可靠性测试,包括:关键器件的进检测试,光学模块测试,系统的功能测试,环境适应性测试,以及贝塔测试。根据测试结果,定位出系统缺陷,分析缺陷原因,并采取措施修正缺陷,从而提高了该系统的性能,提高产品的可靠性。
Distributed temperature sensing (DTS) system, integrated with sensing measurement technology, optical communication and fire alarming technology, is a new kind of temperature sensor with advanced measurement technology. Due to its advantages of distributed real-time measurement, precise location, high sensitivity, wide dynamic range, and immunity to electronic magnetic interfere in tremendous applications, it was widely used in the field of power industry, petroleum chemical industry, and metallurgical industry etc. As a result, it attracts more and more attention both at home and abroad.
Nowadays, compare with the similar foregin products, the domestic DTS system have a close function but a much lower reliability. Therefore, the foreign DTS products could cost up to 1.5-2 times as much as the similar domestic products. Manufacturers such as Seimens and Angilent take up the higher-end market of China, while our national manufactures stay in the lower-end market. How to improve the reliability of the domestic DTS system became an urgent problem for national manufactures to solve. In this paper, the reliability of DTS system has been investigated. The thesis mainly includes the following contents:
1. The background and the significance of the topic
The advantages and applications of DTS system were briefly introduced. The current situation as well as the history of DTS system’s reliability was presented. On the basis, the methods of how to study the reliabity of DTS were proposed.
2. Establish the work flow of DTS system reliability
According to the theory related with reliability and the characteristics of DTS system, combining the reliability requirements of DTS system, work flow of DTS system reliability was established in order to guide the research.
3. Summarize the effect of performance improvement on the reliability of DTS system
The reliability design of DTS system was analyzed, and the relationship between the key technical indexes was presented. Based on this, the effect of performance improvement on the reliability of DTS system was summarized.
4. Propose a new method of threshold variation to improve the reliability
The applications of wavelet transform in signal denoising were briefly discussed according to wavelet theory. The disadvantage of traditional DJ threshold method was pointed out. Based on the temperature inversional curve of the DTS system, the noise model was refined, thus, a new method of threshold variation was proposed to improve the reliability.
5. Independent design of the key optical components testing equipment and finish the experiment
Take the design of DTS system as an example, based on the requirements of DTS reliability, the key optical components testing equipments were independently designed under the guidline of the research work flow. Referred to the series of General Requirement standards and the related national standards, system tests were carried on, included optical module testing, the system testing, reliability experiments and Beta testing. The defects of the system were located according to the testing results, then the reasons were analyzed and measures were taken to revise the defects. As a result, both the peformance and the relialbity of the products were improved.
目前国内DTS产品在功能上与欧美国家的同类型产品相比差距较小,但在产品的可靠性上相差甚远。由于欧美产品的可靠性普遍较高,其仪器的价格往往是国内同类产品的1.5~2倍甚至更高,这造成了目前国内DTS高端市场由西门子、安捷伦等国外品牌占据,国内企业主要占据中低端市场的局面。因此,如何有效提高产品的可靠性,成为国内分布式光纤传感器厂商急待解决的问题。本文在前期工作的基础上,对DTS系统的可靠性展开研究,主要包括以下几个方面:
1、课题背景及意义
简要阐述了DTS系统的优势及应用,在对DTS系统可靠性研究意义及现状总结的基础上,提出了DTS系统可靠性研究方法。
2、建立了DTS系统可靠性工作流程
依照可靠性相关理论并结合DTS系统特征,根据DTS系统的可靠性需求,建立了可靠性工作流程,用于指导DTS系统的可靠性研究。
3、分析了系统性能对DTS系统可靠性的影响
对DTS系统的可靠性设计进行了分析,给出系统关键技术指标的相互联系,总结了改进系统性能对DTS系统可靠性的影响。
4、提出一种改进的小波阈值选取方法用以提高DTS系统可靠性
分析了小波去噪在DTS系统中的应用,指出传统统一阈值选取方法的不足;并根据DTS系统的温度反演曲线,提炼出噪声模型,提出一种新的改进阈值方法用以提高DTS系统的可靠性。
5、自行设计研制出系统关键光学器件测试工装,完成系统可靠性试验
以DTS系统的研发为例,基于DTS系统可靠性需求,在可靠性研究框架指导下设计并研制出系统关键光学器件测试工装,应用General Requirement系列标准和相关国家标准,进行了可靠性测试,包括:关键器件的进检测试,光学模块测试,系统的功能测试,环境适应性测试,以及贝塔测试。根据测试结果,定位出系统缺陷,分析缺陷原因,并采取措施修正缺陷,从而提高了该系统的性能,提高产品的可靠性。
Distributed temperature sensing (DTS) system, integrated with sensing measurement technology, optical communication and fire alarming technology, is a new kind of temperature sensor with advanced measurement technology. Due to its advantages of distributed real-time measurement, precise location, high sensitivity, wide dynamic range, and immunity to electronic magnetic interfere in tremendous applications, it was widely used in the field of power industry, petroleum chemical industry, and metallurgical industry etc. As a result, it attracts more and more attention both at home and abroad.
Nowadays, compare with the similar foregin products, the domestic DTS system have a close function but a much lower reliability. Therefore, the foreign DTS products could cost up to 1.5-2 times as much as the similar domestic products. Manufacturers such as Seimens and Angilent take up the higher-end market of China, while our national manufactures stay in the lower-end market. How to improve the reliability of the domestic DTS system became an urgent problem for national manufactures to solve. In this paper, the reliability of DTS system has been investigated. The thesis mainly includes the following contents:
1. The background and the significance of the topic
The advantages and applications of DTS system were briefly introduced. The current situation as well as the history of DTS system’s reliability was presented. On the basis, the methods of how to study the reliabity of DTS were proposed.
2. Establish the work flow of DTS system reliability
According to the theory related with reliability and the characteristics of DTS system, combining the reliability requirements of DTS system, work flow of DTS system reliability was established in order to guide the research.
3. Summarize the effect of performance improvement on the reliability of DTS system
The reliability design of DTS system was analyzed, and the relationship between the key technical indexes was presented. Based on this, the effect of performance improvement on the reliability of DTS system was summarized.
4. Propose a new method of threshold variation to improve the reliability
The applications of wavelet transform in signal denoising were briefly discussed according to wavelet theory. The disadvantage of traditional DJ threshold method was pointed out. Based on the temperature inversional curve of the DTS system, the noise model was refined, thus, a new method of threshold variation was proposed to improve the reliability.
5. Independent design of the key optical components testing equipment and finish the experiment
Take the design of DTS system as an example, based on the requirements of DTS reliability, the key optical components testing equipments were independently designed under the guidline of the research work flow. Referred to the series of General Requirement standards and the related national standards, system tests were carried on, included optical module testing, the system testing, reliability experiments and Beta testing. The defects of the system were located according to the testing results, then the reasons were analyzed and measures were taken to revise the defects. As a result, both the peformance and the relialbity of the products were improved.
引文
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[10]肖衡林,蔡德所.基于温度测量德分布式光纤渗漏监测技术机理探讨[J].岩土力学,2008,29(增刊):550-554.
[11]史晓锋,李铮,蔡志权.分布式光纤测温系统及其测温精度分析[J].测控技术, 2002, 21 (1): 9-10.
[12]施伟,黄德修,刘德明,等.分布式光纤传感器的研究与进展[J].半导体光电, 1997, 18(4): 220-223.
[13]张在宣,王剑锋,余向东,等. Raman散射型分布式光纤温度测量方法的研究[J].光电子·激光,,2001, 12(6): 596-600.
[14]岳建平,席广永,黎昵.基于多小波的分布式光纤温度传感监测数据处理[J].河海大学学报(自然科学版), 2008, 36(5): 675-676.
[15] Arthur Hartog. Progress in distributed fibre-optic temperature sensing [J]. Proc. SPIE, VOL. (4578):43-52.
[16] PH.M. Nellen, P. Mauron, A. Frank etc. Reliability of fiber Bragg grating based sensors for downhole applications[J]. Sensors and Actuators A 103(2003) 364-376.
[17] Daniele Inaudi, Branko Glisic. Reliability and field testing of distributed strain and temperature sensors[J]. SPIE Smart Structures and Materials Conference in San Diego. 2006, 1-8.
[18] Mitsuo Fukuda. Reliability of semiconductor lasers used in current communication systems and sensing equipment[J]. Microelectronics Reliability, 2007, 47:1619-1624.
[19] M. Mulle, R. Zitoune, F. Collombet etc. Thermal expansion of carbon-epoxy laminates measured with embedded FBGS- Comparison with other experimental techniques and numerical simulation[J]. Composites, 2007,38:1414-1424.
[20] A.L. Kalamkarov, D.O. MacDonald, S.B. Fitzgerald etc. Reliability assessment of pultruded FRP reinforcements with embedded fiber optic sensors[J]. Composite Structures, 2000,50:69-78.
[21] M.G. Xu, L. Reekie, Y. T. Chow etal. Optical in-fiber grating high pressure sensor[J]. Electron. Lett. ,1993, 29(4):398-399.
[22] Zhu Pingyu, Dhillon B. S., Li Xuejun etal. Reliability analysis of an interrogation instrument for optical fiber Bragg grating sensing[J]. Chinese Journal of Scientific Instrument, 2008, 29(4):673-678.
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