深冻结井壁高性能纤维膨胀防裂抗渗混凝土研究
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摘要
随着我国对中、东部地区深部煤炭的开发,新建井筒穿过的表土层将越来越厚,在采用冻结法凿井时,为抵御强大的外荷载作用,在采用高强高性能混凝土的情况下,单层井壁厚度已达到1.0m多,属于大体积混凝土工程。特别是冻结法凿井的低温环境,混凝土内外温差大,极易产生温度裂纹。加之施工要求速度快、混凝土特早强,水化热集中,随后出现大幅度降温,井壁常常出现温度约束裂纹。它们都将极易导致井筒在冻结壁解冻后出现涌漏水事故。
本文通过对井壁高性能混凝土的开裂机理和混凝土材料渗水机理的研究,提出了在井壁高性能混凝土中掺加聚丙烯纤维和膨胀剂的方法,以此提高高性能混凝土防裂抗渗性能。在理论方面,分析了深冻结井壁中高性能混凝土的受力与温度环境,高性能混凝土组份与微观结构,混凝土变形与开裂状态,聚丙烯纤维、膨胀剂的物理化学性质与混凝土的相容性。在实验方面,完成了聚丙烯纤维与膨胀剂两因素的正交配合比试验,得到了聚丙烯纤维与膨胀剂对混凝土强度的最优掺量,并完成混凝土塑性阶段与硬化后的裂缝评价试验,以及混凝土的干缩试验、抗渗试验、弯曲韧性试验。最后综合评价出聚丙烯纤维与膨胀剂对提高混凝土防裂抗渗性能的最优掺量。
研究结果表明,掺适当比例的聚丙烯纤维与微膨胀剂,在不影响混凝土抗压强度的提前下,可显著提高深冻结井壁高性能混凝土的防裂抗渗性能。本论文得到的研究成果,可作为解决特厚表土层冻结井壁渗漏水技术难题的措施之一。
图[49]表[33]参[54]
With the exploitation of depth coal seams in the middle and eastern regions of China, the new shafts will encounter an increasing number of deep alluvium problem. The thickness of the single wall has reached more than 1.0m in order to resist strong external load in freezing and using HPC method, so the single wall is mass concrete. The wall s conceret can produce temperature cracks easily for great temperature difference between inside and outside it in low temperature in freezing method.In addition, currently mining projects require faster construction and early strength concrete leading to concentrated heat of hydration and followed significant cooling. Wherefore the wall often appear temperature constraints crack and leakage accident after thawing.
In this paper, it has advanced a method which mix polypropylene fibers and expansive agent into the wall's HPC in order to enhance impervious and anti-cracking, through the study on cracking mechanism of HPC and water seepage mechanism of concrete materials. In the theory aspect, it has analyzed components, micro-structure, stress and temperature environment, deformation and cracking condition of HPC in depth freezing mine, and physical and chemical properties of polypropylene fibers and expansive agent compatible with concrete. In the experiments, it has accomplished the orthogonal assortment experimentation of polypropylene fibers and expansive agent which obtaind the optimal dosage of polypropylene fibers and expansive agent as to the concrete strength, moreover, it has completed cracks evaluation test of concrete while it was plastic phase and hardening afterwards as well as shrinkage test, impervious test, the bending toughness test of concrete. In conclusion, The optimal dosage of polypropylene fibers and expansive agent is acquired through comprehensive evaluation.
The results show that doped with a proper proportion of polypropylene fiber and micro-expansive agent is favored to impervious and anti-cracking performance of high-performance concrete in depth freezing shaft wall Without affecting early compressive strength of concrete. The research results acquired from this paper can be used for one method to settle water Leakage problem in freezing wall with thick alluvium
Figure [50] table [33] reference [54]
本文通过对井壁高性能混凝土的开裂机理和混凝土材料渗水机理的研究,提出了在井壁高性能混凝土中掺加聚丙烯纤维和膨胀剂的方法,以此提高高性能混凝土防裂抗渗性能。在理论方面,分析了深冻结井壁中高性能混凝土的受力与温度环境,高性能混凝土组份与微观结构,混凝土变形与开裂状态,聚丙烯纤维、膨胀剂的物理化学性质与混凝土的相容性。在实验方面,完成了聚丙烯纤维与膨胀剂两因素的正交配合比试验,得到了聚丙烯纤维与膨胀剂对混凝土强度的最优掺量,并完成混凝土塑性阶段与硬化后的裂缝评价试验,以及混凝土的干缩试验、抗渗试验、弯曲韧性试验。最后综合评价出聚丙烯纤维与膨胀剂对提高混凝土防裂抗渗性能的最优掺量。
研究结果表明,掺适当比例的聚丙烯纤维与微膨胀剂,在不影响混凝土抗压强度的提前下,可显著提高深冻结井壁高性能混凝土的防裂抗渗性能。本论文得到的研究成果,可作为解决特厚表土层冻结井壁渗漏水技术难题的措施之一。
图[49]表[33]参[54]
With the exploitation of depth coal seams in the middle and eastern regions of China, the new shafts will encounter an increasing number of deep alluvium problem. The thickness of the single wall has reached more than 1.0m in order to resist strong external load in freezing and using HPC method, so the single wall is mass concrete. The wall s conceret can produce temperature cracks easily for great temperature difference between inside and outside it in low temperature in freezing method.In addition, currently mining projects require faster construction and early strength concrete leading to concentrated heat of hydration and followed significant cooling. Wherefore the wall often appear temperature constraints crack and leakage accident after thawing.
In this paper, it has advanced a method which mix polypropylene fibers and expansive agent into the wall's HPC in order to enhance impervious and anti-cracking, through the study on cracking mechanism of HPC and water seepage mechanism of concrete materials. In the theory aspect, it has analyzed components, micro-structure, stress and temperature environment, deformation and cracking condition of HPC in depth freezing mine, and physical and chemical properties of polypropylene fibers and expansive agent compatible with concrete. In the experiments, it has accomplished the orthogonal assortment experimentation of polypropylene fibers and expansive agent which obtaind the optimal dosage of polypropylene fibers and expansive agent as to the concrete strength, moreover, it has completed cracks evaluation test of concrete while it was plastic phase and hardening afterwards as well as shrinkage test, impervious test, the bending toughness test of concrete. In conclusion, The optimal dosage of polypropylene fibers and expansive agent is acquired through comprehensive evaluation.
The results show that doped with a proper proportion of polypropylene fiber and micro-expansive agent is favored to impervious and anti-cracking performance of high-performance concrete in depth freezing shaft wall Without affecting early compressive strength of concrete. The research results acquired from this paper can be used for one method to settle water Leakage problem in freezing wall with thick alluvium
Figure [50] table [33] reference [54]
引文
[1]龚益等.杜拉纤维在土建工程中的应用[M].北京：机械工业出版社,2002
[2]沈荣熹等.纤维增强水泥与纤维增强混凝土[M].北京：化学工业出版社,2006：18-20
[3]王栋民.高性能膨胀混凝土[M].北京：中国水利水电出版社,2006
[4]戴建国.等聚丙烯纤维混凝土和砂浆的塑性收缩试验研究[J].沈阳建筑工程学院学报,2000：195-198
[5]孙家瑛.聚丙烯纤维对高性能混凝土抗折强度、抗冲击性能的影响研究[J].混凝土,1999,(3)：23-27
[6]苑峰.深冻结井井壁设计探讨[J].河北煤炭,2002,(1)：3-4
[7]冯乃谦.高性能混凝土[M].北京：中国建筑上业出版社,1996
[8]张明征.高性能混凝土的配制与应用[M].北京：中国计划出版社,2003
[9]巴恒静,张武术等.集料物性对高性能混凝土早期自收缩的影响,高强与高性能混凝土及其应用-第五届学术讨论会文集,中国建材工业出版社,2004
[10]徐至钧.纤维混凝土技术及应用[M].北京：中国建筑工业出版社,2003：29-33
[11]张世芳,杨小林.深厚表土矿井建设技术[M].北京：煤炭工业出版社,2002
[12]吴中伟,张鸿直.膨胀混凝土[M].中国铁道出版社,1990
[13]张应立,杨柏科,申爱琴.现代混凝土配合比设计手册[M].人民交通出版社,2002
[14]杨华全,李文伟.水工混凝土研究与应用[J].中国水利水电出版社,2005
[15]倪兴华.煤矿立井井壁破裂防治技术研究[M].徐州：中国矿业大学出版社,2005
[16]卢瑞珍.混凝土试验设计与质量管理[M].上海交通大学出版社,1986
[17][奥地利]H.索默；冯乃谦等译.高性能混凝土耐久性[M].科学出版社,1998
[18]叶琳昌,沈义.大体积混凝土施工[M].中国建筑工业出版社,1987
[19]朱伯芳.大体积混凝土温度应力与温度控制[M].中国电力出版社,1999
[20]孙道胜.聚丙烯纤维增强膨胀混凝土及其在道面工程中的应用[D].南京工业大学博士论文,2004
[21]邓宗才.高性能合成纤维混凝土[M].北京：科学出版社,2003
[22]郭成举.混凝土物理化学[M].北京：中国铁道出版社,2004：349
[23]姚直书.特厚表土层冻结井壁高强高性能混凝土[J].煤炭工程,2006.8
[24]王铁梦.工程结构裂缝控制[M].北京：中国建筑工业出版社,1997
[25]龚洛书.混凝土实用手册[M].北京：中国建筑工业出版社,1995
[26]冯乃谦.高性能混凝土结构[M].北京：机械工业出版社,2004
[27]丁大钧.高性能混凝土及其在工程中的应用[M].北京：机械工业出版社,2007
[28]朱清江.高强高性能混凝土研制及应用[M].北京：中国建材工业出版社,1999
[29]游宝坤.混凝土膨胀剂及其应用[M].北京：中国建材工业出版社,2002
[30]黄国兴,惠荣炎.混凝土的收缩[M].中国铁道出版社,1990
[31]胡建勤.高性能混凝土抗裂性能及其机理的研究[D].武汉理工大学博士学位论文,2001
[32]吕恒林等.特殊地层条件下井壁破裂机理与防治技术的研究之二[J].中国矿业大学学报,1997
[33]崔广心,杨维好等.深厚表上层中的冻结壁和井壁[M].徐州：中国矿业大学出版社,1998
[34]王衍森.特厚冲击层中冻结井外壁强度增长及受力与变形规律研究[D].徐州：中国矿业大学博士论文,2005.10
[35]鲁统卫.深冻结井壁高性能混凝土研究[D].建井技术,2008,(6)：14-17
[36]刘希亮深厚表土不稳定地层中井壁受力研究[M].北京：煤炭工业出版社,2004
[37]崔广心.深厚表土层中的冻结壁与井壁[M].北京：中国矿业大学出版社,1998
[38]王铁梦等.煤矿矿井采矿设计手册[M].北京：煤炭工业出版社,1984
[39]崔云龙主编.简明建井工程手册[M].北京：煤炭工业出版社,2003
[40]周兴旺.我国特殊凿井技术的发展与展望[J].煤炭科学技术,2007,35(10)：10-17
[41]姚直书等.特厚表土层冻结井壁C70高强高性能混凝土配制及其应用.煤炭工程,2006.(8)：33-35
[42]张元豹.深厚表土层井筒破壁注浆的实践[J].煤炭技术,2006,25(5)：71-91
[43]徐今等.聚丙烯纤维在结构防裂工程中的应用[J].建筑施工,2007,29(5)：344-345
[44]贾恒琼等.混凝土抗渗防裂性能的试验研究[J].铁道建筑,2007,(8)：109-111
[45]张雄.混凝土结构裂缝防治技术[M].北京：化学工业出版社,2007
[46]赵铁军.混凝土渗透性[M].北京：科学出版社,2006
[47]Shilang Xu,Qinghua Li. An Experimental Study on Bending Behavior of Cementitious Composites Reinforced in Combination with Carbon Textile and Short-Cut PVA Fiber[J].2006
[48]Kruger, M., Reinhardt, H.-W and Fichtlscherer, M., Bond Behavior of Textile Reinforce-ment in Reinforced and Prestressed Concrete[A]. In:4th International Ph.D.Sympo-sium in Civil Engineering[C].Munchen:Springer-Verlag,2002.373-381
[49]E.S.Lappa,C.R.Braam and J.C.Walraven. Bending Performance of High Strength Steel Fibre Reinforced Concrete[J].2006
[50]S.Grunewald,Performance based design of self-compacting, fibre reinforced concrete[D].Delft University Press,2004
[51]J.Branch, A.Rawling, D.J.Hannantand M. MulheronThe effects of fibres on the plastic shrinkage cracking of high strength concrete[J]. Materials and Structures/Mat-riaux et Constructions, April2002
[52]Hannant,D.J.,Branch,J.and Mulheron,M., Equipment for tensile testing of fresh concrete[J],Magazineof ConcreteResearch,1999,51(4):263-267
[53]Soroushian,P.and Ravanbakhsh,S.,Control of plastic shrink-age cracking with specialitycellulose fbres,ACI MaterialsJournal,1998,95(4):429-435
[54]马芹永.人工冻结法的理论与施工技术[M].北京人民交通出版社,2007
[2]沈荣熹等.纤维增强水泥与纤维增强混凝土[M].北京：化学工业出版社,2006：18-20
[3]王栋民.高性能膨胀混凝土[M].北京：中国水利水电出版社,2006
[4]戴建国.等聚丙烯纤维混凝土和砂浆的塑性收缩试验研究[J].沈阳建筑工程学院学报,2000：195-198
[5]孙家瑛.聚丙烯纤维对高性能混凝土抗折强度、抗冲击性能的影响研究[J].混凝土,1999,(3)：23-27
[6]苑峰.深冻结井井壁设计探讨[J].河北煤炭,2002,(1)：3-4
[7]冯乃谦.高性能混凝土[M].北京：中国建筑上业出版社,1996
[8]张明征.高性能混凝土的配制与应用[M].北京：中国计划出版社,2003
[9]巴恒静,张武术等.集料物性对高性能混凝土早期自收缩的影响,高强与高性能混凝土及其应用-第五届学术讨论会文集,中国建材工业出版社,2004
[10]徐至钧.纤维混凝土技术及应用[M].北京：中国建筑工业出版社,2003：29-33
[11]张世芳,杨小林.深厚表土矿井建设技术[M].北京：煤炭工业出版社,2002
[12]吴中伟,张鸿直.膨胀混凝土[M].中国铁道出版社,1990
[13]张应立,杨柏科,申爱琴.现代混凝土配合比设计手册[M].人民交通出版社,2002
[14]杨华全,李文伟.水工混凝土研究与应用[J].中国水利水电出版社,2005
[15]倪兴华.煤矿立井井壁破裂防治技术研究[M].徐州：中国矿业大学出版社,2005
[16]卢瑞珍.混凝土试验设计与质量管理[M].上海交通大学出版社,1986
[17][奥地利]H.索默；冯乃谦等译.高性能混凝土耐久性[M].科学出版社,1998
[18]叶琳昌,沈义.大体积混凝土施工[M].中国建筑工业出版社,1987
[19]朱伯芳.大体积混凝土温度应力与温度控制[M].中国电力出版社,1999
[20]孙道胜.聚丙烯纤维增强膨胀混凝土及其在道面工程中的应用[D].南京工业大学博士论文,2004
[21]邓宗才.高性能合成纤维混凝土[M].北京：科学出版社,2003
[22]郭成举.混凝土物理化学[M].北京：中国铁道出版社,2004：349
[23]姚直书.特厚表土层冻结井壁高强高性能混凝土[J].煤炭工程,2006.8
[24]王铁梦.工程结构裂缝控制[M].北京：中国建筑工业出版社,1997
[25]龚洛书.混凝土实用手册[M].北京：中国建筑工业出版社,1995
[26]冯乃谦.高性能混凝土结构[M].北京：机械工业出版社,2004
[27]丁大钧.高性能混凝土及其在工程中的应用[M].北京：机械工业出版社,2007
[28]朱清江.高强高性能混凝土研制及应用[M].北京：中国建材工业出版社,1999
[29]游宝坤.混凝土膨胀剂及其应用[M].北京：中国建材工业出版社,2002
[30]黄国兴,惠荣炎.混凝土的收缩[M].中国铁道出版社,1990
[31]胡建勤.高性能混凝土抗裂性能及其机理的研究[D].武汉理工大学博士学位论文,2001
[32]吕恒林等.特殊地层条件下井壁破裂机理与防治技术的研究之二[J].中国矿业大学学报,1997
[33]崔广心,杨维好等.深厚表上层中的冻结壁和井壁[M].徐州：中国矿业大学出版社,1998
[34]王衍森.特厚冲击层中冻结井外壁强度增长及受力与变形规律研究[D].徐州：中国矿业大学博士论文,2005.10
[35]鲁统卫.深冻结井壁高性能混凝土研究[D].建井技术,2008,(6)：14-17
[36]刘希亮深厚表土不稳定地层中井壁受力研究[M].北京：煤炭工业出版社,2004
[37]崔广心.深厚表土层中的冻结壁与井壁[M].北京：中国矿业大学出版社,1998
[38]王铁梦等.煤矿矿井采矿设计手册[M].北京：煤炭工业出版社,1984
[39]崔云龙主编.简明建井工程手册[M].北京：煤炭工业出版社,2003
[40]周兴旺.我国特殊凿井技术的发展与展望[J].煤炭科学技术,2007,35(10)：10-17
[41]姚直书等.特厚表土层冻结井壁C70高强高性能混凝土配制及其应用.煤炭工程,2006.(8)：33-35
[42]张元豹.深厚表土层井筒破壁注浆的实践[J].煤炭技术,2006,25(5)：71-91
[43]徐今等.聚丙烯纤维在结构防裂工程中的应用[J].建筑施工,2007,29(5)：344-345
[44]贾恒琼等.混凝土抗渗防裂性能的试验研究[J].铁道建筑,2007,(8)：109-111
[45]张雄.混凝土结构裂缝防治技术[M].北京：化学工业出版社,2007
[46]赵铁军.混凝土渗透性[M].北京：科学出版社,2006
[47]Shilang Xu,Qinghua Li. An Experimental Study on Bending Behavior of Cementitious Composites Reinforced in Combination with Carbon Textile and Short-Cut PVA Fiber[J].2006
[48]Kruger, M., Reinhardt, H.-W and Fichtlscherer, M., Bond Behavior of Textile Reinforce-ment in Reinforced and Prestressed Concrete[A]. In:4th International Ph.D.Sympo-sium in Civil Engineering[C].Munchen:Springer-Verlag,2002.373-381
[49]E.S.Lappa,C.R.Braam and J.C.Walraven. Bending Performance of High Strength Steel Fibre Reinforced Concrete[J].2006
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