用户名: 密码: 验证码:
纳米氧化铁颜料及纳米复合涂料的制备研究
详细信息    本馆镜像全文|  推荐本文 |  |   获取CNKI官网全文
摘要
本文进行了纳米氧化铁微粒的制备及其在环氧粉末涂料中的应用研究,利用X-射线衍射(XRD)、差热-热重分析(TGA-DTA)、傅立叶变换红外光谱(FT-IR)、透射电子显微镜(TEM)对制得的纳米氧化铁微粒进行了表征。利用胶体化学法、固相法、超声场中均匀沉淀法制备出了纳米氧化铁微粒,并运用单因素实验法分别对其反应条件进行了探索,从而确定了较佳的工艺条件。胶体化学法的较佳工艺条件为:溶液的pH值以4~8为宜;反应温度以60℃~70℃为宜;反应物浓度以0.3mol/L为最佳;反应器最好采用直型支管三口烧瓶;搅拌方式选择双叶机械搅拌器为佳;表面活性剂以SDBS为最佳,且SDBS(40%)的用量以4.0g为宜;萃取溶剂可选用氯仿,用量为3.0mL为宜;反应时间约为40min。样品经检测确定为纺锤形α-FeOOH,且长轴约为25nm,短轴约为10 nm。样品α-FeOOH经400℃以上高温灼烧可转变成为纳米α-Fe_2O_3。固相法的较佳工艺条件为:反应物混合前进行预研磨;反应物FeCl_3·6H_2O和NaOH物质的量之比为1:3;加入适量Tween-80;采用去离子水超声清洗沉淀。所得样品经表征、分析确定为纳米α-Fe_2O_3,长轴约为30nm,短轴约为6nm。超声场中均匀沉淀法的较佳工艺条件为:反应温度以70℃~90℃为宜;Fe(NO_3)_3溶液的浓度以1.0mol/L为宜,Fe(NO_3)_3与CO(NH_2)_2的物质的量之比为1:3~1:4时为宜;超声振荡10min,并在80℃恒温反应2h。对所得样品进行表征和分析,确定样品为粒径的长轴不超过10nm,短轴不超过5 nm,形态呈纺锤状的α-Fe_2O_3。最后利用自制的纳米氧化铁颜料、环氧树脂、酚醛树脂、促进剂等通过双螺杆挤出机混炼,并在万能粉碎机中粉碎、混合成功制备出了较为理想纳米复合环氧粉末涂料。采用超声波预分散法,克服纳米微粒在涂料配制中的团聚现象,同时对环氧粉末涂料的综合性能进行了测试,运用紫外光人工加速老化法对环氧粉末涂料的涂层进行了老化测试。
The preparation of Nanoparticle a -iron oxide and it' applying in epoxy powder coating are studied in this dissertation. XRD, TGA-DTA, FT-IR, TEM are used to identity the products and there are three methods in preparing nanoparticle a -iron oxide: colloidal chemical, solid phase reaction and supersonic homogenous precipitation method. Through exploring respectively the reaction conditions by monofactor experiments the optimal condition is established. The optimal reaction condition of the colloidal chemical method is like the following: the system of 0.3mol/L FeCl3 and NH3 H2O undergoes reaction with 4.0g surfactant SDBS(40%) at pH 4-8 and Temp 60~70℃ for 40min. In the reaction straight branch pipe three-outlet Bunsen flask and the double mixer with propeller are best and 30mL organic solvent chloroform is used as extractant. The results show that the homogenous spindle type particles are a -FeOOH with the average major axial diameter of 25nm and the minor of 10nm. The a -FeOOH is changed into a -Fe2O3 by
    calcining at 400℃ . The solid phase reaction method is as follows: the system of FeCl3 6H2O and NaOH(l:3) undergoes reaction with surfactant Tween-80 and the precipitate is washed by supersonic water. The results show that the homogenous spindle type particles are a -Fe2O3 with the average major axial diameter of 30nm and the minor of 6nm. The supersonic homogenous precipitation method is like: with 10 minutes supersonic vibration the system of 1.0mol/L Fe(NO3)3 and CO(NH2) 2 (1:3-1:4) undergoes reaction for 2h at 80!. The results show that the homogenous spindle type particles are a -Fe2O3 with the average major axial diameter of 10nm and the minor of 5nm. The epoxy powder coating is prepared from a -Fe2O3, epoxy resin, novolac resin, promator and so on which are mixed in the mixing roll and are smashed by multi-purpose smashing equipment. The reunification phenomenon in epoxy powder coating is overcome by supersonic beforehand dispersion and the synthetic property of the epoxy powder coating is also dete
    rmined. The aging test of epoxy powder coat is done by the artificial exposure to ultraviolet.
引文
[1] 翟庆洲,裘式纶,肖丰收等.纳米材料研究进展.化学研究与应用.1998,10(3):226
    [2] 汪信,陆路德.纳米金属氧化物的制各及应用研究的若干进展.无机化学学报,2000,16(2):213~216
    [3] 张立德,牟季美.纳米材料和纳米结构.北京:科学出版社,2001
    [4] 牛新书等.溶胶凝胶法纳米α-Fe_2O_3材料的合成、结构及气敏性能.功能材料,2001,32(6):649~654
    [5] 徐涛,谢长生.纳米材料在涂料中的应用进展.化工进展,2001(11):28~30
    [6] LIN Yuan-hua, TANG Zi-long, ZHANG Zhong-tai. Preparation of nanometer zinc oxide powders by plasma pyrolysis technology and their application. Journal of the American Ceramic Society. 2001,83(11): 2869~2871
    [7] PAN Qin-yi,XU Jia-qiang. Gas-sensitive properties of nanometer-sized SnO_2. sensors and Actuators B Chemical. 2000,66(3): 237~239
    [8] 邱星林,徐安武.纳米材料在涂料中的应用.中国涂料,2000,(4):30~32
    [9] 咸才军,郭保文,关延涛.纳米材料及其技术在涂料产业中的应用.新型建筑材料,2001,(5):3~5
    [10] Stamataskis P, Palmer B R. Optimum Particle Size of Titanium Dioxide and Zinc Oxide for Attenuation of Uitraviolet Radiation. Journal of Coatings Technology, 1990,62(789): 95~99
    [11] 蔡树芝,牟季美,张立德等.纳米非晶氮化硅键态结构的X射线径向分布函数研究.物理学报,1992,41(10):1620
    [12] 刘吉平,郝向阳.纳米科学与技术.北京:科学出版社,2002:12
    [13] 余润兰,余润洲.Ag-TiO_2纳米催化剂的制备、表征及环化氧化催化性能.化学研究与应用,2002,14(5):587~588
    [14] 江今朝,涂向真.纳米材料的性质和应用.江西化工,2002(2):17~19
    [15] 刘登良,边蕴静.纳米技术在涂料中的应刚前景.中国涂料,2001(3):9~11
    [16] 左美祥,乔健,马全利,陈君飞.纳米TiO_2的制备及在涂料中的应用.现代涂料与涂饰,2002(4):40~43
    [17] 祖庸等.纳米TiO_2——一种新型的无机抗菌剂.现代化工,1999,19(8):46~48
    [18] 张玉林,冯辉,马维新.纳米多功能外墙涂料的研制.新型建筑材料,2002(3):18~21
    [19] 邱星林,徐安武.纳米级TiO_2光催化净化大气的环保涂料研制.新型建筑材料,2001(5):1~2
    
    
    [20] 柯博,黄志杰等.纳米在涂料中的应用.涂料工业,1998,28(12):29~30
    [21] 陈和生,孙振亚.纳米SiO_2改性白乳胶的初步研究.化工科技,2000,8(5):33~34
    [22] 周树学,武利民.纳米材料在涂料中的应用研究.中国涂料,2001(3):33~35
    [23] 曹茂盛等.纳米材料导论.哈尔滨:哈尔滨工业大学出版社,2001:34~35,39~42
    [24] 陈龙武,甘礼华,姜继森等.微乳液反应法制备α-Fe_2O_3超细粒子研究.物理化学学报,1994,10(8):750~754
    [25] 张启超,游波.超微粒子氧化铁的制备.重庆大学学报,1987(3):81~88
    [26] 胡季帆,钟永定等.溶胶-凝胶法制备α-Fe_2O_3纳米微粒及其材料形貌的研究.功能材料,2000,17(2):217~218
    [27] 杨隽,张启超.胶体化学法制备氧化铁超微粉体.无机盐工业,2000,32(1):16~18
    [28] 张春光,邵磊等.中和水解法制备TiO_2的研究.化工进展,2003(1):53~55
    [29] 张青红,高濂等.四氯化钛水解法制备纳米氧化钛超细粉体.无机材料学报,2000,15(1):21~25
    [30] 马正先,韩跃新等.直接水解一步法制备纳米氧化锌.矿冶,2002,11(3):66~69
    [31] 陈耐生,霍丽华等.铁盐尿素水解法制备α-氧化铁气敏纳米晶粉体的研究.云南大学学报(自然版),1997,19(1):65~68
    [32] 武瑞涛,魏雨.沸腾回流强迫水解法制备TiO_2微粒.无机材料学报,1999,14(3):461~464
    [33] 钟红梅,杨延钊等.回流法制备纳米氧化铁的研究.山东大学学报(理学版),2002,37(2):160~162
    [34] 殷亚东,张志成等.纳米材料的辐射合成法制备.化学通报,1998(12):21~25
    [35] 廖莉玲,刘吉平.固相法合成纳米氧化镁.精细化工,2001,18(12):696~698
    [36] 王国平,石晓波,汪德先.室温固相反应制备纳米氧化锌.合肥工业大学学报,2002,25(1):32~35
    [37] 庄稼等.室温固相反应制备纳米CO_3O_4粉体.无机化学学报,2001,16(6):1203~1206
    [38] 张近.均匀沉淀法制备纳米氧化镁的研究.功能材料,1999,30(2):193~194
    [39] 杨富国等.快速均匀沉淀法制备纳米微粒ZnS.中南工业大学学报,2001,32(3):270~272
    [40] 祖庸,刘超锋等.均匀沉淀法合成纳米氧化锌.现代化工,19997(9):33~35
    [41] 雷闫盈,俞行.均匀沉淀法制备纳米二氧化钛工艺条件研究.无机盐工业,2001,33(2):3~5
    [42] 张锡瑜.化学分析原理.北京:科学出版社,1991:208
    [43] 郑忠.胶体科学导论.北京:高等教育出版社,1991:17~18,22~24,44~45
    [44] 肖进新,赵振国.表面活性剂应用原理.北京:化学工业出版社,2003:7~9,93~97,291~
    
    294
    [45] 徐燕莉.表面活性剂的功能.北京:化学工业出版社,2000:43
    [46] Japanese Chemical Society(Ed.),Translated by DONG Wan-Tang,DONG Shao-Jun Inorganic Solid State Reaction,Beijing:Science Press, 1985:235~247
    [47] Bernard J.. The Reactivity of Solid Yesterday and Today . Pure&Appl. Chem. 1984,56:1659~1662
    [48] Anthony.R.West,Solid State Chemistry and its Applications, John wiley&Sons Ltd, 1984
    [49] Pfeifer P. Ber., 1904,37:4255~4260
    [50] Tscherniajew J.J.,Bobkow A.W.Doklady Akad. Nenk, SSSR. Heat Resistant Stainless Steek. 1963,152:882~885
    [51] 雷力旭,忻新泉.室温固相反应与固相结构.化学通报,1997(2):1~7
    [52] Xin X. Q.,Dai A. B. Coordnation Compounds by as Chromatography. Pure&Appl. Chem. 1988(8): 1217~1221
    [53] Xin X. Q.,Zheng L. M..Production of Metal Compound Solid-phase.J.Solid State Chem.,1993(106):451~455
    [54] Toda F..Solid-to-Solid Organic Reactions. Acc. Chem. Res. 1995,28(12):480~483
    [55] Toda F.,Tanaka K.,Sekikawa A.. Preparation of Diphenic bis(Dicyclohexy Lamide)for Micrbicidal Inclusion Compound.J.Chem. Soc.,Chem. Commun., 1987:279~282
    [56] 缪强,忻新泉,胡澄.固相配位化学反应研究LXV.成核过程的Monte Carlo研究.化学物理学报,1994,7(2):118~123
    [57] Lei L. X., Wang Z. X., Xin X. Q. State Reactions at Room Temperature and Solid Structure. Thermochimica Acta, 1997(297):193~196
    [48] Li J. G. ,Xin X. Q., Zhou Z. Y.,et al. Oxidation of Bi(Pb)-Sr-Ca-Cu-Ag Metallic Precursors to Produce Oxide/Ag Superconducting Microcomposites J. Chem, Soc.,Chem. Commun.,1991:249
    [59] CHEN Zhang-rong. Master Dissertation of Nanjing University,1994
    [60] Lei L. X., Xin X. Q.. Study on the Solid State Reactions of Coordination Compounds:LⅪⅩ.Stepwise Reaction of CuCl_2.H_2O with 2,2'-bipyridy I.J. Solid State Chem., 1995(119):299~302
    [61] Toda F. J.. Chemical Reactions Occur Even in Solid Phase. Strange Phenomena Observed for Inclusion Compounds. Inclusion Phenomena Mol. Recognition in Chem., 1989(7):247~249
    [62] 于世林,苗凤琴.涂料在化工中的应用.北京:化学工业出版社,2001:186~187
    [63] 张长拴,赵峰,张继军等.纳米尺寸氧化铝的红外光谱研究.化学学报,1999,57(3):275~280
    
    
    [64] 苏文悦,傅贤智,魏可美等.TiO_2光催化的光谱研究.光谱学与光谱分析,2001,20(1):32~34
    [65] 刘澧浦,周震涛.超声化学法制备纳米羟基氧化镍.纳米材料和技术应用进展(全国第三届纳米材料和技术应用会议论文集),2003:107~109
    [66] 蒋玉仁,许俊黄.超声波辐射与相转移催化合成香兰素.中南矿冶学院学报,1994,25(1):132~136
    [67] 吴玉霞.环氧树脂粉末技术.微电机,1994,27(3):38~39
    [68] 秦国治,冯辛.环氧粉末涂料与静电喷涂技术及应用综述.化工设备与防腐蚀,2001(3):56~59
    [69] 陆惠英,俞赞琪.韧弹性环氧粉末涂料的研制及应用.绝缘材料,2001(3):10~12
    [70] 胡志毅.耐高温耐水环氧粉末涂料研究(学位论文).西北工业大学.1996
    [71] 环氧树脂粉末涂料的制法.涂料工业,1998(9):45
    [72] 鲁自界等.环氧粉末涂料固化程度的表征.腐蚀科学与防护技术,2000,12(2):117~120

© 2004-2018 中国地质图书馆版权所有 京ICP备05064691号 京公网安备11010802017129号

地址:北京市海淀区学院路29号 邮编:100083

电话:办公室:(+86 10)66554848;文献借阅、咨询服务、科技查新:66554700