自动轮对压装机液压系统研究与开发
|
摘要
轮对压装机主要用于火车轮对的压装,也可用于各型客货车轮对的压装。目前国内专门生产轮对压装机的厂家相对较少,且压装精度不够高,主要是企业与科研单位联合研制特定工况下的压装机。
轮对压装机主要由主压装机构、副压装机构、检测系统、压力—位移曲线自动记录系统、电气系统、液压传动与控制系统等部分组成。在这些组成系统中,液压传动与控制系统相当于压装机的神经中枢系统,液压传动的准确性与平稳性决定了机器性能的好坏。
本课题综合目前国内外轮对压装机控制系统的发展水平和液压设备故障诊断研究的发展现状,在对其进行深入分析研究的基础上,针对传统压装机普遍存在的故障现象及液压控制系统设计缺陷,开展了“自动轮对压装机液压系统研究与开发”工作。通过对现有的压装机液压系统的设计缺陷、故障现象以及具体的工艺流程分析,采用简化设计、节能设计等现代设计方法,设计液压调速回路和压力控制回路,并以电气自动控制技术与液压技术相结合的方式,实现了压装机的工业自动化。使得整个工艺流程更加协调、灵活、可靠,轮对压装精度更高,为火车提速提供了可靠保障,同时也提高了企业的经济效益。
本课题介绍了SIMULINK软件包的特点,并针对轮对压装机压装过程利用传递函数法建立了液压系统的数学模型,给出了仿真模型,详细介绍了如何利用SIMULINK对液压系统的动态特性进行仿真。同时讨论了影响动态特性的主要因素。对液压系统进行动态仿真的结果表明,MATLAB能够提供系统稳定性、响应快速性以及稳态精度等状态信息,为我们的设计带来了方便。
The wheels press-fit machine is used mainly for the train wheels press-fit,can also be used for all types of vans wheels on the press-fit.Presently the manufacturers producing the wheels press-fit machine is relatively small,and the press-fit accuracy is not enough,the press-fit machine is developed mainly by enterprises and research institutes jointly.
The wheels press-fit machine is mainly made up of the press-fit bodys,deputy press-fit bodies,detection system,pressure-displacement curve automatic recording system,electrical system,hydraulic transmission and control system,etc.In these systems,the hydraulic transmission and control system is equivalent to the central nervous system of the press-fit machine.The smooth accuracy and stability of the hydraulic transmission determines the quality of machine performance.
The issure synthesizes the press-fit machine control system development level and the research and development status quo of fault diagnosis of hydraulic equipment,in-depth analysis of their study,based on the prevailing fault phenomena and hydraulic control system design defects of traditional press-fit machine,has launched the work about“The Hydraulic System Research And Development Of The Wheels Automatic Press-fit Machine”.Through analysis on the existing hydraulic system design defect,failure phenomenon and the specific workmanship process,depending on a simplified design,energy-saving design and other modern design methods,had designed the pressure control loop and the speed control loop,and through electrical control technology with a combination of hydraulic technology,had realized the industrial automation of the press-fit machine.The whole press-fit process is a more coordinated,flexible,reliable,a higher press-fit accuracy,providing a reliable protection for speed of the train and improving the economic efficiency of enterprises.
This topic describes the characteristics of SIMULINK software package,and to the press-fit workmanship process,using transfer function method set up a mathematical model of hydraulic system,the simulation model,described in detail how to make use of SIMULINK for simulation of hydraulic system dynamic characteristics.At the same time,discussed the main factors impacting hydraulic system dynamic characteristics.The hydraulic system dynamic simulation results demonstrate that MATLAB can provide system stability,fast response and steady-state accuracy of status information,etc.It is convenient to our design .
轮对压装机主要由主压装机构、副压装机构、检测系统、压力—位移曲线自动记录系统、电气系统、液压传动与控制系统等部分组成。在这些组成系统中,液压传动与控制系统相当于压装机的神经中枢系统,液压传动的准确性与平稳性决定了机器性能的好坏。
本课题综合目前国内外轮对压装机控制系统的发展水平和液压设备故障诊断研究的发展现状,在对其进行深入分析研究的基础上,针对传统压装机普遍存在的故障现象及液压控制系统设计缺陷,开展了“自动轮对压装机液压系统研究与开发”工作。通过对现有的压装机液压系统的设计缺陷、故障现象以及具体的工艺流程分析,采用简化设计、节能设计等现代设计方法,设计液压调速回路和压力控制回路,并以电气自动控制技术与液压技术相结合的方式,实现了压装机的工业自动化。使得整个工艺流程更加协调、灵活、可靠,轮对压装精度更高,为火车提速提供了可靠保障,同时也提高了企业的经济效益。
本课题介绍了SIMULINK软件包的特点,并针对轮对压装机压装过程利用传递函数法建立了液压系统的数学模型,给出了仿真模型,详细介绍了如何利用SIMULINK对液压系统的动态特性进行仿真。同时讨论了影响动态特性的主要因素。对液压系统进行动态仿真的结果表明,MATLAB能够提供系统稳定性、响应快速性以及稳态精度等状态信息,为我们的设计带来了方便。
The wheels press-fit machine is used mainly for the train wheels press-fit,can also be used for all types of vans wheels on the press-fit.Presently the manufacturers producing the wheels press-fit machine is relatively small,and the press-fit accuracy is not enough,the press-fit machine is developed mainly by enterprises and research institutes jointly.
The wheels press-fit machine is mainly made up of the press-fit bodys,deputy press-fit bodies,detection system,pressure-displacement curve automatic recording system,electrical system,hydraulic transmission and control system,etc.In these systems,the hydraulic transmission and control system is equivalent to the central nervous system of the press-fit machine.The smooth accuracy and stability of the hydraulic transmission determines the quality of machine performance.
The issure synthesizes the press-fit machine control system development level and the research and development status quo of fault diagnosis of hydraulic equipment,in-depth analysis of their study,based on the prevailing fault phenomena and hydraulic control system design defects of traditional press-fit machine,has launched the work about“The Hydraulic System Research And Development Of The Wheels Automatic Press-fit Machine”.Through analysis on the existing hydraulic system design defect,failure phenomenon and the specific workmanship process,depending on a simplified design,energy-saving design and other modern design methods,had designed the pressure control loop and the speed control loop,and through electrical control technology with a combination of hydraulic technology,had realized the industrial automation of the press-fit machine.The whole press-fit process is a more coordinated,flexible,reliable,a higher press-fit accuracy,providing a reliable protection for speed of the train and improving the economic efficiency of enterprises.
This topic describes the characteristics of SIMULINK software package,and to the press-fit workmanship process,using transfer function method set up a mathematical model of hydraulic system,the simulation model,described in detail how to make use of SIMULINK for simulation of hydraulic system dynamic characteristics.At the same time,discussed the main factors impacting hydraulic system dynamic characteristics.The hydraulic system dynamic simulation results demonstrate that MATLAB can provide system stability,fast response and steady-state accuracy of status information,etc.It is convenient to our design .
引文
[1]王占林主编.近代液压控制[M],北京:机械工业出版社,1997,10-23.
[2]杨文华主编.液控原理[M].北京:学术书刊出版社,1990,12-40.
[3]田树军主编.液压系统动态建模与仿真方法研究及通用软件包开发[D],大连:大连理工大学出版社,1991:10-56.
[4]刘能宏,田树军主编.液压系统动态特性数字仿真[M],大连:大连理工大学出版社,1993,12-14.
[5]方胜彦主编。现代控制工程[M],北京:科学出版社,1984,78-79.
[6] D.C.卡诺普,R.C.罗森堡主编.系统动力学—应用键合图方法[M],北京:机械工业出版社,1985.6,23-54.
[7]李福义主编.液压技术与液压伺服系统[M],哈尔滨:哈尔滨工程大学出版社,1992.12,50-63.
[8]刘永建,胡培金主编.液压故障诊断分析[M],北京:人民交通出版社,1997.4,40-36.
[9]张伯鹏主编.控制工程基础[M],北京:机械工业出版社,1982.5,23.
[10]薛定宇主编。控制系统计算机辅助设计[M],北京:清华大学出版社,1996,56-78.
[11]铁路车辆标准汇编,铁道部标准计量研究所,1999.4.
[12]李壮民主编.中国机械设计大典:第五卷[M],南昌:江西科学技术出版社,2002.1,30-34.
[13]胡汉春,涂富田等.全自动轮对压装机的研制[J],2004.5:20-27.
[14]陆元章主编.现代机械设计手册:第二卷[M],北京:机械工业出版社,1996,(11)360-370.
[15]宋锦春,高常识,姜继海主编.液压与气压传动[M],北京:高等教育出版社,2002,20-25.
[16]王守城,容一鸣主编.液压传动[M] ,北京:北京大学出版社,2006.8,255-261.
[17] A.L.Hitchcox.Water Hydraulics Continues Steady Growth.Hydraulics & Pneumatics,DEC 1999:31
[18]日本液压气动协会主编.液压气动手册[M],北京:机械工业出版社,1984,78-79.
[19] NEWS.C-CNC.COM.快速上移式油压机的油缸设计,2008.4.30.
[20]雷天觉主编.液压工程手册[M],北京:机械工业出版社,1990.4,725-785.
[21] The LEE Company Technical Center.LEE Technical Hydraulic Handbook.Westbrook,Connecticut,1989
[22]何存兴主编.液压元件[M],北京:机械工业出版社,1990,10-30.
[23]严金坤,张培生主编.液压传动[M],北京:国防工业出版社,1979,12-13.
[24]曾桂生.双泵供油回路动态特性的数字仿真与实验研究[J],机床与液压,1986.2:26-28.
[25]侯友夫,李龙海等.SIMULINK在液压系统仿真中的应用[J],机床与液压系统,2002.1:12-15.
[26]姚俊等.SIMULINK建模与仿真[M],西安:西安电子科技大学出版社,2003,23-45.
[27]施阳主编.MATLAB语言精要及动态仿真工具SIMULINK[M],西安:西北工业大学出版社,1997,10-23.
[28]田树军主编.液压系统动态建模与仿真方法研究及通用软件包开发[D],大连:大连理工大学出版社,1991:10-56.
[29]张尚才主编.工程系统的键图模拟和仿真[M],北京:机械工业出版社,1992,78-90.
[30]陆元章主编.液压系统的建模与分析[M],上海:上海交通大学出版社,1989,56-60.
[31]林崧主编。液压系统计算机辅助设计[M],西安:西北工业大学出版社,1992,58-70.
[32]薛定宇,陈阳泉主编.基于MATLAB/Simulin的系统仿真技术与应用[M],北京:清华大学出版社,2002.4,25-63.
[33]德闫斯尔德主编.液压控制系统的设计与动态分析[M],北京:科学出版社,1987,25-78.
[34]张利平主编.液压控制系统及设计[M],北京:化学工业出版社,2006.4,190-191.
[35]弓海霞.全自动液压校直机校直理论及其液压系统仿真研究[J],哈尔滨工程大学硕士学位论文,2001.1.
[36]李洪人主编.液压控制系统[M],武汉:国防工业出版社,1981.1.
[37]丁曙光,卢检兵.基于高精度Fuzzy控制算法的校直机液压伺服系统的仿真与应用研究[J],重型机械,2007.4.
[38]陈永新.精校机电液位置伺服系统的研究[J],合肥工业大学博士学位论文,2004.5.
[39]王沫然主编.Simulink建模及动态仿真[M],北京:电子工业出版社.
[40]张利平主编.液压传动系统及设计[M],北京:化学工业出版社,2006.4,179.
[41] http://www.vg-1718.com/vg-1718_Product_3193957.html.
[42] http://www.gkzhan.com/products/ermulu/6326.asp.
[2]杨文华主编.液控原理[M].北京:学术书刊出版社,1990,12-40.
[3]田树军主编.液压系统动态建模与仿真方法研究及通用软件包开发[D],大连:大连理工大学出版社,1991:10-56.
[4]刘能宏,田树军主编.液压系统动态特性数字仿真[M],大连:大连理工大学出版社,1993,12-14.
[5]方胜彦主编。现代控制工程[M],北京:科学出版社,1984,78-79.
[6] D.C.卡诺普,R.C.罗森堡主编.系统动力学—应用键合图方法[M],北京:机械工业出版社,1985.6,23-54.
[7]李福义主编.液压技术与液压伺服系统[M],哈尔滨:哈尔滨工程大学出版社,1992.12,50-63.
[8]刘永建,胡培金主编.液压故障诊断分析[M],北京:人民交通出版社,1997.4,40-36.
[9]张伯鹏主编.控制工程基础[M],北京:机械工业出版社,1982.5,23.
[10]薛定宇主编。控制系统计算机辅助设计[M],北京:清华大学出版社,1996,56-78.
[11]铁路车辆标准汇编,铁道部标准计量研究所,1999.4.
[12]李壮民主编.中国机械设计大典:第五卷[M],南昌:江西科学技术出版社,2002.1,30-34.
[13]胡汉春,涂富田等.全自动轮对压装机的研制[J],2004.5:20-27.
[14]陆元章主编.现代机械设计手册:第二卷[M],北京:机械工业出版社,1996,(11)360-370.
[15]宋锦春,高常识,姜继海主编.液压与气压传动[M],北京:高等教育出版社,2002,20-25.
[16]王守城,容一鸣主编.液压传动[M] ,北京:北京大学出版社,2006.8,255-261.
[17] A.L.Hitchcox.Water Hydraulics Continues Steady Growth.Hydraulics & Pneumatics,DEC 1999:31
[18]日本液压气动协会主编.液压气动手册[M],北京:机械工业出版社,1984,78-79.
[19] NEWS.C-CNC.COM.快速上移式油压机的油缸设计,2008.4.30.
[20]雷天觉主编.液压工程手册[M],北京:机械工业出版社,1990.4,725-785.
[21] The LEE Company Technical Center.LEE Technical Hydraulic Handbook.Westbrook,Connecticut,1989
[22]何存兴主编.液压元件[M],北京:机械工业出版社,1990,10-30.
[23]严金坤,张培生主编.液压传动[M],北京:国防工业出版社,1979,12-13.
[24]曾桂生.双泵供油回路动态特性的数字仿真与实验研究[J],机床与液压,1986.2:26-28.
[25]侯友夫,李龙海等.SIMULINK在液压系统仿真中的应用[J],机床与液压系统,2002.1:12-15.
[26]姚俊等.SIMULINK建模与仿真[M],西安:西安电子科技大学出版社,2003,23-45.
[27]施阳主编.MATLAB语言精要及动态仿真工具SIMULINK[M],西安:西北工业大学出版社,1997,10-23.
[28]田树军主编.液压系统动态建模与仿真方法研究及通用软件包开发[D],大连:大连理工大学出版社,1991:10-56.
[29]张尚才主编.工程系统的键图模拟和仿真[M],北京:机械工业出版社,1992,78-90.
[30]陆元章主编.液压系统的建模与分析[M],上海:上海交通大学出版社,1989,56-60.
[31]林崧主编。液压系统计算机辅助设计[M],西安:西北工业大学出版社,1992,58-70.
[32]薛定宇,陈阳泉主编.基于MATLAB/Simulin的系统仿真技术与应用[M],北京:清华大学出版社,2002.4,25-63.
[33]德闫斯尔德主编.液压控制系统的设计与动态分析[M],北京:科学出版社,1987,25-78.
[34]张利平主编.液压控制系统及设计[M],北京:化学工业出版社,2006.4,190-191.
[35]弓海霞.全自动液压校直机校直理论及其液压系统仿真研究[J],哈尔滨工程大学硕士学位论文,2001.1.
[36]李洪人主编.液压控制系统[M],武汉:国防工业出版社,1981.1.
[37]丁曙光,卢检兵.基于高精度Fuzzy控制算法的校直机液压伺服系统的仿真与应用研究[J],重型机械,2007.4.
[38]陈永新.精校机电液位置伺服系统的研究[J],合肥工业大学博士学位论文,2004.5.
[39]王沫然主编.Simulink建模及动态仿真[M],北京:电子工业出版社.
[40]张利平主编.液压传动系统及设计[M],北京:化学工业出版社,2006.4,179.
[41] http://www.vg-1718.com/vg-1718_Product_3193957.html.
[42] http://www.gkzhan.com/products/ermulu/6326.asp.