乙醇—正丙醇分离实验的计算机模拟与数据采集系统的实现
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摘要
本文以乙醇-正丙醇精馏分离为研究对象,进行了实验研究和计算机模拟,并通过工控MCGS组态软件实现了对精馏实验实时在线显示、数据采集与控制。
实验研究结果表明:在加热电压为130伏时,当进料流量为1.51/h,进料量中乙醇的百分含量为0.25,回流比为4时,分离效果最佳,可得到塔顶组成乙醇摩尔分率为0.86;通过MATLAB软件用作图法求解精馏塔理论塔板数,计算了塔板效率,其塔板效率为0.90。
用ASPEN PLUS软件对精馏过程进行了模拟研究,模拟过程中用WILS-2物性方法,选择RADFRAC精馏模块建立精馏过程的模拟模型;考查了精馏过程中回流比、进料总流量、进料中乙醇的百分含量等操作变量对塔顶馏出液中乙醇的摩尔分率的影响,其模拟结果与实验数据基本吻合。同时利用Aspen Plus对精馏塔的进料位置、回流比、馏出比等操作变量进行灵敏度分析,找出参数变化规律,得到了实验中不能测得的塔内温度、气相流率与组成、液相流率与组成等随塔板数的变化,从而对化工分离操作起到了指导作用。
MCGS是目前工业过程中常用的工控软件之一,本论文利用该软件对精馏分离实验系统的控制界面进行了组态,实现了流量、温度、回流比、加热电压以及实验后的数据处理等功能的控制与实时在线显示,实际运行结果表明,通过MCGS开发的数据采集与控制系统用户界面友好,功能完备,操作方便,能完成实验现场的监控功能,有利于及时、准确并方便地进行实验数据的采集与分析。
The separation of ethanol-n-propanol by distillation was studied and simulated using ASPEN PLUS,An automatic monitoring and control system of distillation based on MCGS configuration software was researched and developed, the real-time on-line displaying and automatically data collection and control of the process of distillation can be realized by using this system.
The results showed that: when the calefaction voltage is 130V, the feed flow of 1.51/h, the percentage of enthanol in the feed is around 0.25, the reflux ratio is 4, can reach the best separation effects. The mole fraction of enthanol in the top tower can reach 0.86. By using MATLAB software, solved distillation column theoretical tray number with graphical method and calculated the efficiency of the tray, the efficiency can reach 0.90.
The process of distillation was simulated by ASPENPLUS software. A model based on RADFRAC block using WILS-2 property method was established. The effects of reflux ratio, the percentage of enthanol in feed, and the total feed flow on the mole rate of enthanol in the top tower were experimentally investigated. The simulation results show that the calculated results agree satisfactorily with experimental data. At the same time, The operation parameters of the distillation column, such as reflux ratio, feed stage and distillate to feed rate were optimized on the basis of sensitivity analysis, gained the variation rules of parameters and the optimum operation condition, which would be useful for the farther work. What's more, The profiles of temperature, vapor and liquid flow rate, vapor and liquid composition along with stages of column were obtained, which could not be obtained during the experiment.
MCGS is one of commonly used industrial-controlled software in the industrial process at present. The control and monitoring system interface of distillation experiment was developed by using MCGS. realized the control and real-time on-line system for displaying the flow、temperature、the reflux ratio、calefaction voltage and the function of data processing after experiment and so on. The actual running results show that the developed system has friendly interface and perfect functions. It is convenient for operation. The system can fulfill the supervision and local data acquisition effectively and it is helpful for data acquisition and analyzing the experimental data exactly. The system presented in this paper will have wide applications in the future.
实验研究结果表明:在加热电压为130伏时,当进料流量为1.51/h,进料量中乙醇的百分含量为0.25,回流比为4时,分离效果最佳,可得到塔顶组成乙醇摩尔分率为0.86;通过MATLAB软件用作图法求解精馏塔理论塔板数,计算了塔板效率,其塔板效率为0.90。
用ASPEN PLUS软件对精馏过程进行了模拟研究,模拟过程中用WILS-2物性方法,选择RADFRAC精馏模块建立精馏过程的模拟模型;考查了精馏过程中回流比、进料总流量、进料中乙醇的百分含量等操作变量对塔顶馏出液中乙醇的摩尔分率的影响,其模拟结果与实验数据基本吻合。同时利用Aspen Plus对精馏塔的进料位置、回流比、馏出比等操作变量进行灵敏度分析,找出参数变化规律,得到了实验中不能测得的塔内温度、气相流率与组成、液相流率与组成等随塔板数的变化,从而对化工分离操作起到了指导作用。
MCGS是目前工业过程中常用的工控软件之一,本论文利用该软件对精馏分离实验系统的控制界面进行了组态,实现了流量、温度、回流比、加热电压以及实验后的数据处理等功能的控制与实时在线显示,实际运行结果表明,通过MCGS开发的数据采集与控制系统用户界面友好,功能完备,操作方便,能完成实验现场的监控功能,有利于及时、准确并方便地进行实验数据的采集与分析。
The separation of ethanol-n-propanol by distillation was studied and simulated using ASPEN PLUS,An automatic monitoring and control system of distillation based on MCGS configuration software was researched and developed, the real-time on-line displaying and automatically data collection and control of the process of distillation can be realized by using this system.
The results showed that: when the calefaction voltage is 130V, the feed flow of 1.51/h, the percentage of enthanol in the feed is around 0.25, the reflux ratio is 4, can reach the best separation effects. The mole fraction of enthanol in the top tower can reach 0.86. By using MATLAB software, solved distillation column theoretical tray number with graphical method and calculated the efficiency of the tray, the efficiency can reach 0.90.
The process of distillation was simulated by ASPENPLUS software. A model based on RADFRAC block using WILS-2 property method was established. The effects of reflux ratio, the percentage of enthanol in feed, and the total feed flow on the mole rate of enthanol in the top tower were experimentally investigated. The simulation results show that the calculated results agree satisfactorily with experimental data. At the same time, The operation parameters of the distillation column, such as reflux ratio, feed stage and distillate to feed rate were optimized on the basis of sensitivity analysis, gained the variation rules of parameters and the optimum operation condition, which would be useful for the farther work. What's more, The profiles of temperature, vapor and liquid flow rate, vapor and liquid composition along with stages of column were obtained, which could not be obtained during the experiment.
MCGS is one of commonly used industrial-controlled software in the industrial process at present. The control and monitoring system interface of distillation experiment was developed by using MCGS. realized the control and real-time on-line system for displaying the flow、temperature、the reflux ratio、calefaction voltage and the function of data processing after experiment and so on. The actual running results show that the developed system has friendly interface and perfect functions. It is convenient for operation. The system can fulfill the supervision and local data acquisition effectively and it is helpful for data acquisition and analyzing the experimental data exactly. The system presented in this paper will have wide applications in the future.
引文
[1]雷培德,李端阳,汪静,陈献忠.化工过程模拟技术及HYSIM模拟系统在化工生产中的应用.湖北化工,2002,(6):4-6
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[3]冯权莉.通用化工流程模拟技术进展与应用.云南工业大学学报,1996,12(1):52-57
[4]唐宏青.合成氨流程模拟与分析系统SAPROSS(Ⅱ)(上).化工设计,1995,(1):29-32
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[7]杨友麒.化工过程系统模拟新进展.化学工程.1992,20(2):72-79
[8]荣本光,利海,韩方煜等.用序贯模块法模拟多组分完全复杂的精馏流程(Ⅰ)模型与算法策略.计算机与应用化学,1996,13(3):161-166
[9]侯小凡.自动化大坝安全监测中的智能振弦压力数据采集系统研究[D].西安:西北工业大学,2005
[10]A.Sukhanov,JINR Dubna.A Data Acquisition System for the Wide Angle Shower Apparatus(WASA).IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON NUCLEAR SCIENCE,1994,41(4)
[11]Y.Chu,H.Yonekawa,S.Baek,Y.K.Oh,S.Lee,W.Chung,K.Park,B.Lim,H.Park,K.Kim.DATA ACQUISITION AND FAULT DIAGNOSTIC SYSTEM OF SAMSUNG SUPERCONDUCTOR TEST FACILITY.Proceedings of ICALEPCS,2003,Gyeongju,Korea.
[12]齐向阳.基于Internet生产线控制系统的远程数据采集研究[D].河北:河北工业大学,2005
[13]雷远波.磁电机数据采集系统的设计[D].重庆:重庆大学,2002
[14]李忠献.工程结构试验理论与技术[M].天津:天津大学出版社,2004
[15]马建明.数据采集与处理技术(第2版).西安:西安交通大学出版社,2005,
[16]蒋维钧,蓄良恒,刘茅林等.化工原理.北京:清华大学出版社,2003
[17]宋华,陈颖.化工分离工程.哈尔滨:哈尔滨工业大学出版社,2003
[18]郭天民.多元气一液平衡和精馏.北京:石油工业出版社,2002
[19]K.H.Low,E.Sorensen Simultaneous optimal configuration design and operation of batch distillation.AIChE Journal,2005,51(6),1700-1713
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[22]陈敏恒,丛德滋.化工原理(下册).北京:化学工业出版社,2000:95-114
[23]刘卫国等.MATLAB程序设计与应用[M].北京:高等教育出版社,2002
[24]周明.Matlab图形技术:绘图及图形用户接口.西北工业大学,1999
[25]崔恰.Matlabs.3实例详解.北京:航空工业出版社,2000
[26]蒙以正.Matlabs.x应用技巧.北京:科学出版社,1999
[27]龚剑,朱亮.Matlabs.x入门与提高.清华大学出版社,2000
[28]薛定宇.科学计算语言Matlabs.3程序设计与应用.清华大学出版社
[29]张智星.MATLAB程序设计与应用[M].北京清华大学出版社,2002.
[30]MATLAB Application Porgram interface Reference Manual
[31]Mathworks Inc.1998.
[32]徐亦方,邬亚男等.ASPEN Plus操作实验教程[M].北京:石油工业出版社,1994
[33]R.S.Gharebaagh,R.Legros,J.Chaouki,et al.Simulation of circulating fluidized bed reactor using ASPEN PLUS[J].Fuel,1998,77(4):327-337
[34]Q.Smejkal,M.Soos Comparison of computer simulation of reactive distillation using ASPEN PLUS and HYSYS software[J].Chemical Engineering and Processing,2002,41(5):413-418
[35]张建候,许锡恩.化工过程分析与计算机模拟[M].北京:化学工业出版社,1989
[36]谢扬,沈庆扬.ASEPN PLUS化工模拟系统在精馏过程中的应用.化工生产与技术,1996,6(3):17-22.
[37]徐亦方,邬亚男,陈志奎等.ASPEN PLUS/Model Manager操作100例.北京:石油化工出版社,1994.
[38]ASPEN Technology Inc.ASPEN PLUS 10.0 USER GUIDE.US:Aspen Technology Inc,1994.
[39]吴冠京等.ASPEN PLUS物性方法和模型.大庆:大庆石化总厂计算机开发公司,1999
[40]谢安俊,刘世华,张华岩,陈斌.大型化工流程模拟软件—ASPNE PLUS.石油 与天然气化工,1995,24(4):247-251.
[41]马兵智,孙志毅,赵志诚,等.组态软件MCGS在锅炉液位控制中的应用[J].控制工程,2004,11(1):84-86.
[42]刘俊,柳春图,李颖红,等.新一代工控组态软件MCGS及应用[J].新技术新工艺,2000,(6):10-11.
[43]梁伟栋,郭浩.MCGS组态软件设计及其应用[J].广东自动化与信息工程,2005,(1):33-35.
[44]博嘉科技.有限元分析软件[M].北京:中国水利水电出版社,2002.17-23
[45]昆仑通态计算机技术研究所.MCGS工控组态软件手册[Z].1999.
[2]胡克林,罗金生.化工过程模拟技术进展与趋势.新疆工学院学报,1997,18(4):254-257
[3]冯权莉.通用化工流程模拟技术进展与应用.云南工业大学学报,1996,12(1):52-57
[4]唐宏青.合成氨流程模拟与分析系统SAPROSS(Ⅱ)(上).化工设计,1995,(1):29-32
[5]陆恩锡,张慧娟,尹清华.化工过程模拟及相关高新技术(Ⅰ)化工过程稳态模拟.化工进展,1999,(4):63-64.
[6]麻德贤,李成岳,张卫东.化工过程分析与合成.北京:化学工业出版社,2002.
[7]杨友麒.化工过程系统模拟新进展.化学工程.1992,20(2):72-79
[8]荣本光,利海,韩方煜等.用序贯模块法模拟多组分完全复杂的精馏流程(Ⅰ)模型与算法策略.计算机与应用化学,1996,13(3):161-166
[9]侯小凡.自动化大坝安全监测中的智能振弦压力数据采集系统研究[D].西安:西北工业大学,2005
[10]A.Sukhanov,JINR Dubna.A Data Acquisition System for the Wide Angle Shower Apparatus(WASA).IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON NUCLEAR SCIENCE,1994,41(4)
[11]Y.Chu,H.Yonekawa,S.Baek,Y.K.Oh,S.Lee,W.Chung,K.Park,B.Lim,H.Park,K.Kim.DATA ACQUISITION AND FAULT DIAGNOSTIC SYSTEM OF SAMSUNG SUPERCONDUCTOR TEST FACILITY.Proceedings of ICALEPCS,2003,Gyeongju,Korea.
[12]齐向阳.基于Internet生产线控制系统的远程数据采集研究[D].河北:河北工业大学,2005
[13]雷远波.磁电机数据采集系统的设计[D].重庆:重庆大学,2002
[14]李忠献.工程结构试验理论与技术[M].天津:天津大学出版社,2004
[15]马建明.数据采集与处理技术(第2版).西安:西安交通大学出版社,2005,
[16]蒋维钧,蓄良恒,刘茅林等.化工原理.北京:清华大学出版社,2003
[17]宋华,陈颖.化工分离工程.哈尔滨:哈尔滨工业大学出版社,2003
[18]郭天民.多元气一液平衡和精馏.北京:石油工业出版社,2002
[19]K.H.Low,E.Sorensen Simultaneous optimal configuration design and operation of batch distillation.AIChE Journal,2005,51(6),1700-1713
[20]姚玉英编.化工原理(下册).天津:天津科学技术出版社出版,1995
[21]陈洪妨,刘家棋编.化工分离过程[M].北京:化学工业出版社,1995
[22]陈敏恒,丛德滋.化工原理(下册).北京:化学工业出版社,2000:95-114
[23]刘卫国等.MATLAB程序设计与应用[M].北京:高等教育出版社,2002
[24]周明.Matlab图形技术:绘图及图形用户接口.西北工业大学,1999
[25]崔恰.Matlabs.3实例详解.北京:航空工业出版社,2000
[26]蒙以正.Matlabs.x应用技巧.北京:科学出版社,1999
[27]龚剑,朱亮.Matlabs.x入门与提高.清华大学出版社,2000
[28]薛定宇.科学计算语言Matlabs.3程序设计与应用.清华大学出版社
[29]张智星.MATLAB程序设计与应用[M].北京清华大学出版社,2002.
[30]MATLAB Application Porgram interface Reference Manual
[31]Mathworks Inc.1998.
[32]徐亦方,邬亚男等.ASPEN Plus操作实验教程[M].北京:石油工业出版社,1994
[33]R.S.Gharebaagh,R.Legros,J.Chaouki,et al.Simulation of circulating fluidized bed reactor using ASPEN PLUS[J].Fuel,1998,77(4):327-337
[34]Q.Smejkal,M.Soos Comparison of computer simulation of reactive distillation using ASPEN PLUS and HYSYS software[J].Chemical Engineering and Processing,2002,41(5):413-418
[35]张建候,许锡恩.化工过程分析与计算机模拟[M].北京:化学工业出版社,1989
[36]谢扬,沈庆扬.ASEPN PLUS化工模拟系统在精馏过程中的应用.化工生产与技术,1996,6(3):17-22.
[37]徐亦方,邬亚男,陈志奎等.ASPEN PLUS/Model Manager操作100例.北京:石油化工出版社,1994.
[38]ASPEN Technology Inc.ASPEN PLUS 10.0 USER GUIDE.US:Aspen Technology Inc,1994.
[39]吴冠京等.ASPEN PLUS物性方法和模型.大庆:大庆石化总厂计算机开发公司,1999
[40]谢安俊,刘世华,张华岩,陈斌.大型化工流程模拟软件—ASPNE PLUS.石油 与天然气化工,1995,24(4):247-251.
[41]马兵智,孙志毅,赵志诚,等.组态软件MCGS在锅炉液位控制中的应用[J].控制工程,2004,11(1):84-86.
[42]刘俊,柳春图,李颖红,等.新一代工控组态软件MCGS及应用[J].新技术新工艺,2000,(6):10-11.
[43]梁伟栋,郭浩.MCGS组态软件设计及其应用[J].广东自动化与信息工程,2005,(1):33-35.
[44]博嘉科技.有限元分析软件[M].北京:中国水利水电出版社,2002.17-23
[45]昆仑通态计算机技术研究所.MCGS工控组态软件手册[Z].1999.