宝浪油田宝北区块层系及井网优化研究
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摘要
宝北区块原开发方案采用两套层系注水开发，即Ⅱ油组和Ⅲ_1层各为一套层系，Ⅰ油组及Ⅲ_2层作为产能接替层。由于原方案编制时资料较少，对高陡构造认识不足，对水平井论证不够。Ⅲ_1层系实施后2口水平井产能远未达到方案设计要求，采油速度太低，注采井网不完善，水驱控制程度较低。通过两年半的注水开发暴露出不少问题。
通过对出现问题的准确分析，以现代石油地质及油藏工程为基础，以低孔低渗非达西渗流规律为指导，以准确动态分析为依据，充分运用大量的地质、录井、测井、试油、试采、PVT分析资料，通过对构造、储层、油藏纵向特征、水驱油特征、注采能力、开发层系划分原则及技术经济界限、开发层系划分与组合方案论证、各套层系的技术合理井网密度、经济最佳井网密度、经济极限井网密度、优化实用井网密度、最终优选井网密度以及环状注水、排状注水、环状与内部点状相结合的注采井网型式及注水方式等优选研究，得到如下结论：宝北区块纵向上由原来的两套层系(Ⅱ、Ⅲ_1各一套)重新划分为三套层系，即Ⅰ+Ⅱ、Ⅲ_1、Ⅲ_2各为一套层系，新动用Ⅰ油组及Ⅲ_2层共161万吨储量；Ⅰ+Ⅱ层系西北区由环状与内部点状注水相结合的井网调整为排状注水井网或叫不规则五点法正方形井网，井距由原来的330m缩小至260m，东南区仍为环状与内部点状注水相结合的井网，井距由原310m缩小至300m，部署新井12口(采油井8口，注水井4口)；Ⅲ_1层系由环状注水井网调整为环状与内部线状相结合的注采井网或叫不规则五点法正方形井网，部署新井18口(采油井13口，注水井5口)，注采井距由350m缩小至280m；Ⅲ_2层系采用边部注水井网型式，部署采油井3口(1口水平井，2口直井)，注水井4口，注采井距300m。
层系及井网优化实施后，水驱控制程度及水驱储量动用程度明显提高，井网与裂缝方向匹配较好，油井生产能力旺盛，注水井吸水能力较强，采油速度大幅度提高，油井见效较快。
Two series of layers, II oil groups and III1 layers have been produced by water flooding in last development scheme of BaoBei reservoir. I oil groups and III2 layers are used as supplementary layers of production. As there is not a good many data when the last scheme is made, it is not full enough to understand the high dip angle construction and it is not deep enough to justify the horizontal well. III1 layer is drilled two horizontal wells, which is less from the demand of production that is designed by the scheme. It is shown specifically that its production rate is too low, its pattern of injection and production is not perfect, and its controllable extent after water flooding is too low. After two and a half years, water flooding has resulted in many problems.
After the precise analysis of problems, the paper is based on the modern petroleum geology and reservoir engineering, directed as non-Darcy's law of the low porosity and the low permeability, accorded to accurately dynamic analysis. Through utilizing large quantity of geology data, well-logging data, logging data, test for oil data, production testing data, PVT data analysis, by means of the construction, reservoir, reservoir's vertical texture, water flooding texture, injection and production capacity , differential principle of exploitative layers and technical-economic limits, exploitative layers dividing and synthetic program demonstration, each layer's well spacing of reasonable technique, most worth the expense well spacing , well spacing of economical limit, well spacing of optimum function, well spacing of ultimate optimization and annular injection, linear injection, pattern of injection and production combining annulet and interior dot and injecting ways and so on, it can conclude that BaoBei secti
on is divided into three types of layers differs from two types of layers in vertical. I+II, III1 - III2 are layers respectively, 1 oil groups and III2 layers have 1610 thousand ton oil as new productive layer. In the northwest of I+II layers, pattern of injection combining annulet and interior dot is changed into pattern of linear injection or square pattern of irregular five-spot. Well-distance reduces to 260 meters from 330 meters. In the southeast of I+II layer, pattern of injection still combines annulet
and interior dot well spacing reduces to 300 meters from 310 meters. It has been disposed 12 new wells (8 productive wells, 4 injecting wells). In the III1 layers, pattern of annular injection is changed into pattern of injection and production combining annulet and interior line or square pattern of irregular five-spot. It has been disposed 18 new wells (13 productive wells, 5 injecting wells). Well spacing of injection and production reduces to 280 meters from 350 meters. III2 layers adopt pattern of marginal injection, it has been disposed 3 productive wells (1 horizontal well, 2 vertical wells), 4 injecting wells, well spacing of injection and production is 300 meters.
After optimizations of layers and patterns have been implemented, it is obviously that controllable extent after water flooding and sweep efficiency have been increased. Pattern and direction of fracture match well, productive wells are more productive, injecting wells can absorb more water, productive velocity is much more high, productive wells can produce quickly.
通过对出现问题的准确分析，以现代石油地质及油藏工程为基础，以低孔低渗非达西渗流规律为指导，以准确动态分析为依据，充分运用大量的地质、录井、测井、试油、试采、PVT分析资料，通过对构造、储层、油藏纵向特征、水驱油特征、注采能力、开发层系划分原则及技术经济界限、开发层系划分与组合方案论证、各套层系的技术合理井网密度、经济最佳井网密度、经济极限井网密度、优化实用井网密度、最终优选井网密度以及环状注水、排状注水、环状与内部点状相结合的注采井网型式及注水方式等优选研究，得到如下结论：宝北区块纵向上由原来的两套层系(Ⅱ、Ⅲ_1各一套)重新划分为三套层系，即Ⅰ+Ⅱ、Ⅲ_1、Ⅲ_2各为一套层系，新动用Ⅰ油组及Ⅲ_2层共161万吨储量；Ⅰ+Ⅱ层系西北区由环状与内部点状注水相结合的井网调整为排状注水井网或叫不规则五点法正方形井网，井距由原来的330m缩小至260m，东南区仍为环状与内部点状注水相结合的井网，井距由原310m缩小至300m，部署新井12口(采油井8口，注水井4口)；Ⅲ_1层系由环状注水井网调整为环状与内部线状相结合的注采井网或叫不规则五点法正方形井网，部署新井18口(采油井13口，注水井5口)，注采井距由350m缩小至280m；Ⅲ_2层系采用边部注水井网型式，部署采油井3口(1口水平井，2口直井)，注水井4口，注采井距300m。
层系及井网优化实施后，水驱控制程度及水驱储量动用程度明显提高，井网与裂缝方向匹配较好，油井生产能力旺盛，注水井吸水能力较强，采油速度大幅度提高，油井见效较快。
Two series of layers, II oil groups and III1 layers have been produced by water flooding in last development scheme of BaoBei reservoir. I oil groups and III2 layers are used as supplementary layers of production. As there is not a good many data when the last scheme is made, it is not full enough to understand the high dip angle construction and it is not deep enough to justify the horizontal well. III1 layer is drilled two horizontal wells, which is less from the demand of production that is designed by the scheme. It is shown specifically that its production rate is too low, its pattern of injection and production is not perfect, and its controllable extent after water flooding is too low. After two and a half years, water flooding has resulted in many problems.
After the precise analysis of problems, the paper is based on the modern petroleum geology and reservoir engineering, directed as non-Darcy's law of the low porosity and the low permeability, accorded to accurately dynamic analysis. Through utilizing large quantity of geology data, well-logging data, logging data, test for oil data, production testing data, PVT data analysis, by means of the construction, reservoir, reservoir's vertical texture, water flooding texture, injection and production capacity , differential principle of exploitative layers and technical-economic limits, exploitative layers dividing and synthetic program demonstration, each layer's well spacing of reasonable technique, most worth the expense well spacing , well spacing of economical limit, well spacing of optimum function, well spacing of ultimate optimization and annular injection, linear injection, pattern of injection and production combining annulet and interior dot and injecting ways and so on, it can conclude that BaoBei secti
on is divided into three types of layers differs from two types of layers in vertical. I+II, III1 - III2 are layers respectively, 1 oil groups and III2 layers have 1610 thousand ton oil as new productive layer. In the northwest of I+II layers, pattern of injection combining annulet and interior dot is changed into pattern of linear injection or square pattern of irregular five-spot. Well-distance reduces to 260 meters from 330 meters. In the southeast of I+II layer, pattern of injection still combines annulet
and interior dot well spacing reduces to 300 meters from 310 meters. It has been disposed 12 new wells (8 productive wells, 4 injecting wells). In the III1 layers, pattern of annular injection is changed into pattern of injection and production combining annulet and interior line or square pattern of irregular five-spot. It has been disposed 18 new wells (13 productive wells, 5 injecting wells). Well spacing of injection and production reduces to 280 meters from 350 meters. III2 layers adopt pattern of marginal injection, it has been disposed 3 productive wells (1 horizontal well, 2 vertical wells), 4 injecting wells, well spacing of injection and production is 300 meters.
After optimizations of layers and patterns have been implemented, it is obviously that controllable extent after water flooding and sweep efficiency have been increased. Pattern and direction of fracture match well, productive wells are more productive, injecting wells can absorb more water, productive velocity is much more high, productive wells can produce quickly.
引文
[1] 李道品等．低渗透砂岩油田开发．北京：石油工业出版社，1997
[2] 裘悸柄、刘雨芬等编著．低渗透砂岩油藏开发模式．北京：石油工业出版社，1998
[3] 中国石油天然气总公司开发生产局编．低渗透油田开发技术．北京：石油工业出版社，1994
[4] 陈元千等．实用油气藏工程方法．石油大学出版社，1998
[5] 郎兆新等．油藏工程基础．石油大学出版社，1991
[6] 王允诚等．油层物理学．北京：石油工业出版社，1993
[7] 童宪章著．油井产状和油藏动态分析．北京：石油工业出版社，1981
[8] 陈元千著．油气藏工程计算方法．北京：石油工业出版社，1990
[9] 黄炳光、刘蜀知．实用油藏工程与动态分析方法．北京：石油工业出版社，1998
[10] 裘怿楠、陈子琪．油藏描述．北京：石油工业出版社，1996
[11] 林平一．油藏工程．北京：石油工业出版社，1999
[12] 宋振宇、李功治等．宝浪油田宝北区块侏罗系油藏开发方案．河南石油勘探局，1996
[13] 刘学峰、孙尚如等．宝浪油田开发早期地质特征研究．河南石油勘探局，1997
[14] 高合明、罗洪友等．新疆焉耆宝浪油田开发早期地应力和岩石裂缝特征研究．河南石油勘探局，1996
[15] 段永明、刘斌等．宝浪油田宝北区块Ⅲ油组Ⅲ_1层系开发调整研究及调整方案部署．河南石油勘探局，1997
[16] 胡永乐、刘洪友等．宝浪油田焉参 1井区开发万案(油藏工程部分)．河南石油勘探局，1998
[17] 刘洪友、孙尚如等．整装中小型低渗透油藏早期滚动开发研究技术．河南石油勘探局，1997
[2] 裘悸柄、刘雨芬等编著．低渗透砂岩油藏开发模式．北京：石油工业出版社，1998
[3] 中国石油天然气总公司开发生产局编．低渗透油田开发技术．北京：石油工业出版社，1994
[4] 陈元千等．实用油气藏工程方法．石油大学出版社，1998
[5] 郎兆新等．油藏工程基础．石油大学出版社，1991
[6] 王允诚等．油层物理学．北京：石油工业出版社，1993
[7] 童宪章著．油井产状和油藏动态分析．北京：石油工业出版社，1981
[8] 陈元千著．油气藏工程计算方法．北京：石油工业出版社，1990
[9] 黄炳光、刘蜀知．实用油藏工程与动态分析方法．北京：石油工业出版社，1998
[10] 裘怿楠、陈子琪．油藏描述．北京：石油工业出版社，1996
[11] 林平一．油藏工程．北京：石油工业出版社，1999
[12] 宋振宇、李功治等．宝浪油田宝北区块侏罗系油藏开发方案．河南石油勘探局，1996
[13] 刘学峰、孙尚如等．宝浪油田开发早期地质特征研究．河南石油勘探局，1997
[14] 高合明、罗洪友等．新疆焉耆宝浪油田开发早期地应力和岩石裂缝特征研究．河南石油勘探局，1996
[15] 段永明、刘斌等．宝浪油田宝北区块Ⅲ油组Ⅲ_1层系开发调整研究及调整方案部署．河南石油勘探局，1997
[16] 胡永乐、刘洪友等．宝浪油田焉参 1井区开发万案(油藏工程部分)．河南石油勘探局，1998
[17] 刘洪友、孙尚如等．整装中小型低渗透油藏早期滚动开发研究技术．河南石油勘探局，1997