川东北天然气地球化学特征及气源分析
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摘要
此次研究地区位于四川盆地东北部,研究区块包括了宣汉-达县、元坝和通南巴三个地区,其中宣汉-达县地区是此次的研究重点。
本论文的主要分析内容包括以上三个地区的天然气组分、碳同位素分布、成熟度等地球化学特征,烃源岩与沥青的地球化学特征和气源分析。气源分析主要通过气/气、气/岩两种方式,分析川东北地区天然气的气源问题并取得了一定认识。
本文根据研究思路对川东北天然气的地球化学特征和气源进行了研究,主要认识如下:
(1)在化学成分上,宣汉-达县区块以烃类气为主,烃类气中又以甲烷为主,富含非烃气体,其中以CO_2和H_2S为主。元坝构造带的自流井组和须家河组天然气也以烃类气体为主,且重烃含量较多,非烃气很少;雷口坡组天然气组成较干,CH_4含量在99%左右;飞仙关组和长兴组天然气在组成上更干,但飞仙关组天然气中H_2S含量很低。通南巴地区的河坝场构造带的嘉陵江组、飞仙关组气层天然气很干,CH_4占烃类气体的99%以上,重烃和非烃气体含量少。
(2)在碳同位素分布上,宣汉-达县区块飞仙关组和长兴组天然气的δ~(13)C_1较重,大多集中在-29‰～-33‰范围,表明其气源岩的成熟度很高,δ~(13)C_2主要分布在-28‰～-33‰之间,部分样品的C_1-C_3烷烃气的δ~(13)C比值呈倒转分布,这与TSR有关。元坝地区飞仙关组和长兴组天然气δ~(13)C_1较重,δ~(13)C_1值变化在-25.28‰～-30.5‰之间,重于宣汉-达县地区的同层位气层,与通南巴地区的天然气相近,δ~(13)C_2也很重,其值为-25.0‰～-27.6‰。通南巴区块内各构造之间天然气δ~(13)C相差较大,主要是成熟度不同造成。
(3)在天然气气源有机质类型及成因方面,宣汉-达县区块天然气的成气母质主要为Ⅱ型有机质的源岩,而且飞仙关组和长兴组天然气在成因上属于原油裂解气。元坝区块的飞仙关组、长兴组的天然气也具有原油裂解气的性质,被认为源于陆相烃源岩。通南巴地区的天然气可能直接是烃源岩有机质在高热演化阶段的产物。
(4)在气源问题上,宣汉-达县飞仙关组和长兴组天然气除了源于原油裂解气外,还混:有其它来源的天然气,而且飞仙关组和长兴组气藏具有同源性,主要气源应是二叠系烃源层;须家河组和中侏罗统天然气可能来自邻近的陆相腐殖型气源岩。元坝地区的飞仙光组-长兴组和自流井组-须家河组天然气分别来源于(上)二叠系海相和早侏罗统-晚三叠统陆相烃源层,雷口坡组天然气源于海相烃源层,栖霞组天然气可能来自早二叠统烃源层。通过研究认为宣汉-达县和元坝区块的飞仙关组-长兴组天然气,具有同源性的可能性很大,都来源于二叠系源岩。
The research area,including Xuanhan-Daxian,which is the key area in the study work, Yuanba,Tongnanba,lies in northeast of Sichuan Basin.
The main content of this paper is geochemical characteristics of natural gases which includes chemical component,carbon isotope compositions,thermal maturity,etc.,geochemical characteristics of reservoir bitumen and analysis of source-gases.And the analysis of source-gases is mainly through two ways which are gas/gas and gas/rock.So with the analysis it is kown the origin of gases in northeast Sichuan.
Base on the research consideraton,it is made research on the geochemical characteristics and origin of gases in northeast Sichuan.Now there are four conclusions to talk about as follow.
(1) The gases' chemical component is dominant in hydrocarbon gases which are mainly made up of methane,and containe abundant no-hydrocarbon components with CO_2 and H_2S. And the gases of Ziliujing and Xujiahe Formations in Yuanba trap are also dominant in hydrocarbon gases,and containe many heavy hydrocarbon gases with a few of no-hydrocarbon components;The gases of Leikoupo Formation is belong to dry gas with an content of 99%of CH_4;The gases of Feixianguan and Changxing Formations are drier than others',but Feixianguan Formation is in a lack of H_2S.Jialingjiang and Changxing Formations in Hebachang trap in Tongnanba area also belong to dry gas with CH_4 average concentration being 99%,and have a few of heavy hydrocarbon and no-hydrocarbon components.
(2) Theδ~(13)C_1 values of Feixianguan and Changxing Formations' gases are heavy ranged mainly from -29‰to -33‰,suggesting a high level of thermal maturity,and theδ~(13)C_1 values are ranged from -28‰to -33‰,however theδ~(13)C_1 values of a part of samples' hydrocarbon gases from C_1 to C_3 are reversal relation to TSR.Lastly,theδ~(13)C_1 values ranged from -25.28‰to -30.5‰of Feixianguan and Changxing Formations' gases in Yuanba area are heavier than the same gas layer of Xuanhan-Daxian area,with the same as Tongnanba area, and theδ~(13)C_2 values ranged from -25.0‰to -27.6‰are also heavy.
(3) About the types and causes of organic matter in gas and source rock,the parent material of gases is mainly organic matter of source rocks in typeⅡin Xuanhan-Daxian,and its gases of Feixianguan and Changxing Formations are gas-cracking from oil previously reservoired in the traps,and the same as Yuanba area,considered from terrestrial hydrocarbon souce rocks.But Tongnanba area's gases maybe directly from the matter in high thermal evolution organic matter of source rocks.
(4) About origin of natural gases.The gases of Feixianguan and Changxing Formations in Xuanhan-Daxian besides cracked from oil previously reservoired in the traps,and also are mixed by other gases,and Feixianguan and Changxing Formations' gases reservoirs have the same source,which is mainly Permian source rocks.Xujiahe and middle Jurassic Formations' gases maybe from continental humic type gas-souce rocks in around.Feixianguan- Changxing Formations' gas are from(up) Permian marine hydrocarbon source rocks and Ziliujing-Xujiahe Formations' are from continental hydrocarbon source rocks of early Jurassic to late Triassic in Yuanba area,and Leikoupo Formation' gas is from marine hydrocarbon source rocks,Qixia Formation maybe from early Permian hydrocarbon source rocks.Lastly,the gases of Xuanhan-Daxian and Yuanba areas are viewed to have a same souce which is Permian hydrocarbon source rocks by analysis.
本论文的主要分析内容包括以上三个地区的天然气组分、碳同位素分布、成熟度等地球化学特征,烃源岩与沥青的地球化学特征和气源分析。气源分析主要通过气/气、气/岩两种方式,分析川东北地区天然气的气源问题并取得了一定认识。
本文根据研究思路对川东北天然气的地球化学特征和气源进行了研究,主要认识如下:
(1)在化学成分上,宣汉-达县区块以烃类气为主,烃类气中又以甲烷为主,富含非烃气体,其中以CO_2和H_2S为主。元坝构造带的自流井组和须家河组天然气也以烃类气体为主,且重烃含量较多,非烃气很少;雷口坡组天然气组成较干,CH_4含量在99%左右;飞仙关组和长兴组天然气在组成上更干,但飞仙关组天然气中H_2S含量很低。通南巴地区的河坝场构造带的嘉陵江组、飞仙关组气层天然气很干,CH_4占烃类气体的99%以上,重烃和非烃气体含量少。
(2)在碳同位素分布上,宣汉-达县区块飞仙关组和长兴组天然气的δ~(13)C_1较重,大多集中在-29‰～-33‰范围,表明其气源岩的成熟度很高,δ~(13)C_2主要分布在-28‰～-33‰之间,部分样品的C_1-C_3烷烃气的δ~(13)C比值呈倒转分布,这与TSR有关。元坝地区飞仙关组和长兴组天然气δ~(13)C_1较重,δ~(13)C_1值变化在-25.28‰～-30.5‰之间,重于宣汉-达县地区的同层位气层,与通南巴地区的天然气相近,δ~(13)C_2也很重,其值为-25.0‰～-27.6‰。通南巴区块内各构造之间天然气δ~(13)C相差较大,主要是成熟度不同造成。
(3)在天然气气源有机质类型及成因方面,宣汉-达县区块天然气的成气母质主要为Ⅱ型有机质的源岩,而且飞仙关组和长兴组天然气在成因上属于原油裂解气。元坝区块的飞仙关组、长兴组的天然气也具有原油裂解气的性质,被认为源于陆相烃源岩。通南巴地区的天然气可能直接是烃源岩有机质在高热演化阶段的产物。
(4)在气源问题上,宣汉-达县飞仙关组和长兴组天然气除了源于原油裂解气外,还混:有其它来源的天然气,而且飞仙关组和长兴组气藏具有同源性,主要气源应是二叠系烃源层;须家河组和中侏罗统天然气可能来自邻近的陆相腐殖型气源岩。元坝地区的飞仙光组-长兴组和自流井组-须家河组天然气分别来源于(上)二叠系海相和早侏罗统-晚三叠统陆相烃源层,雷口坡组天然气源于海相烃源层,栖霞组天然气可能来自早二叠统烃源层。通过研究认为宣汉-达县和元坝区块的飞仙关组-长兴组天然气,具有同源性的可能性很大,都来源于二叠系源岩。
The research area,including Xuanhan-Daxian,which is the key area in the study work, Yuanba,Tongnanba,lies in northeast of Sichuan Basin.
The main content of this paper is geochemical characteristics of natural gases which includes chemical component,carbon isotope compositions,thermal maturity,etc.,geochemical characteristics of reservoir bitumen and analysis of source-gases.And the analysis of source-gases is mainly through two ways which are gas/gas and gas/rock.So with the analysis it is kown the origin of gases in northeast Sichuan.
Base on the research consideraton,it is made research on the geochemical characteristics and origin of gases in northeast Sichuan.Now there are four conclusions to talk about as follow.
(1) The gases' chemical component is dominant in hydrocarbon gases which are mainly made up of methane,and containe abundant no-hydrocarbon components with CO_2 and H_2S. And the gases of Ziliujing and Xujiahe Formations in Yuanba trap are also dominant in hydrocarbon gases,and containe many heavy hydrocarbon gases with a few of no-hydrocarbon components;The gases of Leikoupo Formation is belong to dry gas with an content of 99%of CH_4;The gases of Feixianguan and Changxing Formations are drier than others',but Feixianguan Formation is in a lack of H_2S.Jialingjiang and Changxing Formations in Hebachang trap in Tongnanba area also belong to dry gas with CH_4 average concentration being 99%,and have a few of heavy hydrocarbon and no-hydrocarbon components.
(2) Theδ~(13)C_1 values of Feixianguan and Changxing Formations' gases are heavy ranged mainly from -29‰to -33‰,suggesting a high level of thermal maturity,and theδ~(13)C_1 values are ranged from -28‰to -33‰,however theδ~(13)C_1 values of a part of samples' hydrocarbon gases from C_1 to C_3 are reversal relation to TSR.Lastly,theδ~(13)C_1 values ranged from -25.28‰to -30.5‰of Feixianguan and Changxing Formations' gases in Yuanba area are heavier than the same gas layer of Xuanhan-Daxian area,with the same as Tongnanba area, and theδ~(13)C_2 values ranged from -25.0‰to -27.6‰are also heavy.
(3) About the types and causes of organic matter in gas and source rock,the parent material of gases is mainly organic matter of source rocks in typeⅡin Xuanhan-Daxian,and its gases of Feixianguan and Changxing Formations are gas-cracking from oil previously reservoired in the traps,and the same as Yuanba area,considered from terrestrial hydrocarbon souce rocks.But Tongnanba area's gases maybe directly from the matter in high thermal evolution organic matter of source rocks.
(4) About origin of natural gases.The gases of Feixianguan and Changxing Formations in Xuanhan-Daxian besides cracked from oil previously reservoired in the traps,and also are mixed by other gases,and Feixianguan and Changxing Formations' gases reservoirs have the same source,which is mainly Permian source rocks.Xujiahe and middle Jurassic Formations' gases maybe from continental humic type gas-souce rocks in around.Feixianguan- Changxing Formations' gas are from(up) Permian marine hydrocarbon source rocks and Ziliujing-Xujiahe Formations' are from continental hydrocarbon source rocks of early Jurassic to late Triassic in Yuanba area,and Leikoupo Formation' gas is from marine hydrocarbon source rocks,Qixia Formation maybe from early Permian hydrocarbon source rocks.Lastly,the gases of Xuanhan-Daxian and Yuanba areas are viewed to have a same souce which is Permian hydrocarbon source rocks by analysis.
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