外部环境、孵化网络对孵化绩效影响的实证研究
|
摘要
孵化器作为一种孵化和培育科技型初创企业的新型经济组织和政府支持科技创新、推进区域创新体系建设的政策工具，自诞生以来，在世界各国得到了广泛采纳和实际运用，并得到长足发展。但随着产品生命周期逐渐缩短、研发成本不断升高、专业技术知识日趋专业化，孵化器从概念内涵到运作模式都发生了巨大变化，单一孵化器已经无法满足创业活动的多重个性化需要，以网络的方式链接各类创新主体成为当前孵化器发展的主要模式，同时，孵化器在构建孵化网络的过程中还会受到外部环境的影响。因此，如何在特定环境中，科学地构建孵化器网络、加强孵化器网络成员关系治理、有效提高整体网络运行绩效，是孵化器理论研究和实践工作者面临的重大课题之一。
围绕着孵化网络绩效，学者们进行了大量研究。但纵观国内外已有研究成果可知，相关理论研究还处于起步阶段，其研究结果还停留在表面。他们大多从宏观视角入手，剖析孵化网络的整体特征对孵化绩效的影响作用。而孵化网络涉及政府、金融机构、中介组织等多种不同类型的网络结点，不同类型的主体在孵化网络治理过程则扮演着不同的角色，并发挥着不同作用。对于孵化器而言，如何利用有限资源，对孵化网络内多个结点关系进行平衡和构建，抓住孵化网络内的关键网络结点联结，以形成一个有效的网络治理机制，已有研究还鲜有涉及。目前学者们对孵化网络与孵化绩效关系的研究，大多是从在孵企业视角出发，考察孵化网络对在孵企业成功毕业率、产品研发速度、创业绩效的影响；同时，由于各孵化器内外环境的差异，它们有不同的绩效追求目标，新创孵化器侧重于其自身的快速成长，而已具备一定实力的孵化器可能更加追求其社会价值，各孵化器的绩效追求目标也有很大差异，而目前很少有学者从孵化网络视角系统地剖析孵化网络特征对孵化器不同产出的影响。同时，在孵化器内部存在多种不同类型的在孵企业，孵化网络的结点特征对不同在孵企业的绩效是否存在差异，对于不同的在孵企业而言，各个网络结点的关系是否同等重要，已有研究都未曾考虑。因此，有必要从孵化网络的微观结点特征入手，系统地考察外部环境对孵化网络的影响作用、孵化网络对孵化器多维绩效的影响作用及其对在孵企业绩效的权变影响机理，为未来学者和实践者进一步深入研究孵化器网络理论和孵化绩效提供方向。
本文从微观视角来探讨如何整合孵化网络资源以提升孵化绩效，主要研究以下四个方面的内容：（1）分析孵化网络结点构成，提出孵化网络结点联结模型，并确定孵化网络微观结点特征指标；（2）剖析外部环境特征，分析外部环境对孵化网络的影响作用机理；（3）剖析孵化器绩效维度结构，揭示孵化网络对孵化器多维绩效的影响作用机理；（4）揭示孵化网络对不同在孵企业绩效的权变作用机理；（5）设计调查问卷，对本文所提模型及假设进行验证。
具体来说，本文的创新点主要体现在以下几个方面：
（1）本文构建了外部环境对孵化网络微观结点特征的影响作用模型，并对其进行验证，揭示了外部环境特征对孵化网络的作用机理。本研究从客观环境视角解释了孵化网络结构差异的原因，为孵化器如何在特定环境中构建孵化网络提供理论依据。
本研究认为，孵化器构建孵化网络需要适应其外部环境的特点。首先，本文基于微观结点视角对孵化网络进行解析，剖析其结点构成，建立孵化网络联结模型，并提出孵化网络结点联结的特征指标，并在总结前人研究结果的基础上，提出了外部环境的三个维度（动态性、敌对性、复杂性），并分析了三个维度对孵化网络四类联结（智力结点、中介结点、资金结点、引导结点）的关系强度和网络规模的影响作用，构建了外部环境对孵化网络的影响作用机理模型，并设计调查问卷对其进行验证。本文的影响机理模型细化了外部环境对孵化网络影响的发力点和着力点，为孵化器在特定环境中科学构建孵化网络提供了理论依据。
（2）本文构建一个比较完整的孵化网络对孵化器多维绩效的影响作用模型，并对其进行实证，揭示出孵化网络各结点微观特征对孵化器孵育绩效、运营绩效、创新绩效和经济绩效的作用关系。本研究从孵化网络视角解释了孵化器绩效差异的原因；在孵化网络结点影响作用的考察上充分考虑到了孵化器不同维度绩效的特征，为孵化器针对性地提高各维度绩效提供理论依据。
本研究认为，孵化器作为一种制度安排，具有政府公益性服务色彩，其产出与一般企业不同，因而要对其绩效进行维度划分。首先，本文分析了孵化器的产出，将其分为直接产出和间接产出，并根据不同产出的特点，结合相关孵化器绩效的研究，将孵化器绩效划分为孵育绩效、运营绩效、创新绩效和经济绩效四个维度，最后深入分析了孵化网络四类联结（与智力结点、中介结点、资金结点、引导结点）的两个特征指标——关系强度和网络规模对四个维度绩效的影响作用机理，提出本文的孵化网络对孵化器绩效影响作用模型，并设计调查问卷对其进行实证。本文的影响作用模型细化了孵化网络对孵化器绩效的发力点和着力点，能够帮助孵化器发现各类网络结点关系构建过程中的不足，为孵化器针对性地采取措施提高不同维度绩效提供理论依据。
（3）本文揭示了孵化网络对不同在孵企业的影响作用，从微观视角构建了孵化网络对在孵企业绩效的权变影响机理模型,并对其进行验证。本研究首次从微观视角分析孵化网络对不同在孵企业绩效的影响作用，拓展了孵化网络对在孵企业绩效的研究思路，为孵化器充分利用网络资源以针对性提高不同在孵企业绩效指明方向。
本研究指出，对于不同类别的在孵企业，其需要的核心资源和服务是不同的，因此，本文从行业、发展阶段和成长阶段三个角度分析了不同在孵企业的成长特点。同时，本文认为在不同类别的在孵企业中，从发展阶段视角对在孵企业分类最容易考察孵化网络对其绩效的权变影响作用，因此，本文从微观视角分析了孵化网络结点联结特征对不同发展阶段在孵企业的影响作用，构建了孵化网络对在孵企业绩效的权变影响机理模型，并设计调查问卷对其进行实证。本文的研究结果拓展了孵化网络对在孵企业绩效的研究思路，丰富了当前孵化网络与孵化绩效关系的研究视角，为孵化器针对性提高各在孵企业绩效提供理论依据。
The incubator is a new style economical organization of incubatoring and incubationtechnological initial enterprise, and a policy instrument used as government supportingtechnological innovation and pushing region innovation system constructive. The incubatorwas adopted and used broadly in the world and got the very good development since it wascome into the world. With the gradually shortening of product life cycle and continualincreasing of the cost of research and gradually specialization of profession skill, it has beenhappened of the great change of the incubator from concept meaning to running mode. Sothe single incubator already could not be satisfied the multiple individuation requisition forentrepreneurship. The major mode of incubator development was linking various types ofinnovation body by network mode. And Incubator building incubator network will beimpacted by the external environment. Therefore, how to scientifically construct incubatornetwork and reinforce regulation the relation for incubator network member in order toimprove network operation performance was the greatness topic for incubator reseachers andpractitioners.
The scholars precede a lot of research on the incubator network and incubationperformance. Throughout the existing research at home and abroad, the correlation theoryresearch on incubator network and incubation performance was still on the starting phaseand the research results was still stay in the surface. They analyzed effect function ofincubator network on incubation performance mostly from macroscopic view. The incubatornetwork involed the government, financial institution, resonance organize and multi differenttype network junction, while the different type body act as different part during the incubatornetwork integration regulation. With regard to the incubator, how to utilize exhaustibleresources and the equilibration and construct multi-joint relation incubator network, andcatch the key network nodes to build a effective network governance mechanisms, theresearch results have not been relate to the view. On the other hand，the incubators haddifferent performance object because there was difference inside and outside environmentfor each incubator. The new incubator emphasize particularly on personal quickly growth,but the incubator that have certain strength may more pursuit social value. At present thescholar research the relation between incubator network and incubation performance mostlyfrom the view of incubatee, and they surveyed the success graduated rate of the incubatee,the research and designation speed of production, and the effect on the entrepreneurshipperformance. As a result, the scholar seldom systematically analyzed the effect of incubatornetwork characterization on the incubator difference output from incubator network view. Atthe same time, there were incubatees of multi-different types in the incubator network.Whether there were differences of the impact of incubator network characterization ondifference incubatees. With regard to different incubatee, the research did not consider whether each network node was important equally. Therefore, it is necessary tosystematically study the effect of the external environment on incubator network, the effectof incubator network on incubator multidimensional performance and the contingency effectmechanism on incubatee performance from the microscopic icubator network. It providedthe direction to research deeply incubator network and incubation enterprise performance forscholar and practicer.
The peper studied how to integrate incubator network resources to upgrade incubationperformance from microscopic view in this dissertation, include the following four aspectcontent:(1) incubator network nodes construction was analyzed and incubator network nodeslink model was proposed, and the incubator network node characteristic index wasdetermined form microscopic view.(2) analyzed the external environmental characteristics,proposed mechanism of the external environment on incubator network.(3)incubatorperformance dimension structure was analyzed and the effect mechanism of incubatornetwork on incubator multidimensional performance was revealed.(4)the contingency actionmechanism of incubator network on the different incubatees performance wasrevealed.(5)the model and assumptions proposed was verified by inquiry questionnaire.
For details, the innovation points of the paper mainly are represented by the followingaspects:
(1) It built and verified the mechanism model of the external environment on incubatornetwork microscopic node features, revealed the action mechanism of externalenvironmental characteristics on the incubator network. From the objective environmentalperspective, this study explains the reasons of the incubator network structure differences, toprovide a theoretical basis for the incubator building incubator network in a specificenvironment.
This study suggests that the incubator building incubator networks need to adapt to thecharacteristics of the external environment. Firstly, this dissertation analyzed incubatornetwork and dissected the node construction based on microscopic view, and built incubatornetwork link model and proposed incubator network node characteristic index. Then basedon the results of previous studies, it put forward the three dimensions of the externalenvironment (dynamic, hostility, complexity), and analyzedthe effect of the three dimensionson the relation strength and network size of four incubate network links (intelligence node,intermediary node, funding node, boot node). Then constructed the action mechanism of theexternal environment on the incubation network, and designed questionnaire to verify it. Theaction mechanism model refinement the point and the focal point of the externalenvironment on the incubation network, provided the theoretical basis for the incubatorconstructing incubator network in a specific environment.
(2)This dissertation built and verified a comparatively integral model of incubator networkimpacting on incubator multidimensional performance, and revealed the relations of themicroscopic feature of incubator network’s impact on incubating performance, operationperformance, innovation performance and economy performance of incubator. This research explained the reason of the incubator performance difference from the incubator networkview. It considered the different dimension performance characteristic at incubator networknode effect. So it supplied the theory reference for improving each dimension performanceof incubator.
The incubator was a sort of system arrangements with government public service in thisresearch. Incubator performance must be divided dimension because of the output differencefrom generally enterprise. Firstly, it analyzed the incubator output, which was divided intodirect output and indirection output. According to different output performance and theresearches of incubator performance, the incubator performance was divided into fourdimensions that were incubating performance, operation performance, innovationperformance and economy performance. Then the mechanism of action was deeply analyzed,the two characteristic indexes that were relation strength and network size of four incubatenetwork link（intelligence node, intermediary node, funding node, boot node） impact onfour dimension performance. At last it proposed a mechanism model of incubator networkimpacting on incubator multidimensional performance and designed questionnaire to verifyit. The model can help incubator find out the problem of network node relations duringestablishing the model and supply the theory reference for taking measures to improvedifference dimension performance.
(3)This dissertation revealed the effect function for incubator network on the incubatee.Incubator network impact on the incubatee performance's contingency effect mechanicalmodels was built and verified from microscopic view. This study firstly analyzed the effectsof incubator network impact on difference incubatee performance from microscopic viewand prolonged the research perspective for incubator network’s impact on incubateeperformance. It pointed out the direction for enterprise to improve difference incubateenterprise performance.
The research indicated that the core resources and services were different for differenttypes of incubatee. Therefore this article analyzed the growth characteristics of differentincubatee from three angles of the industry, stage of development and growth stage.Meanwhile, the paper pointed out that analyzing the contingency effects of incubationnetwork on incubatee performance was best from the stage of development perspective. Sothe paper explored the effect of the characteristics of the incubator network node links on thedifferent stages of development incubatee, and built contingency impact mechanism modelof incubator network on incubatee performance, then designed questionnaire to verify it. Theresults of this study expanded research ideas of the incubator network on the incubateesperformance, enriched the current research perspective of the relation of the incubatornetwork on incubation performance, provides a theoretical basis for improving the incubateeperformance.
围绕着孵化网络绩效，学者们进行了大量研究。但纵观国内外已有研究成果可知，相关理论研究还处于起步阶段，其研究结果还停留在表面。他们大多从宏观视角入手，剖析孵化网络的整体特征对孵化绩效的影响作用。而孵化网络涉及政府、金融机构、中介组织等多种不同类型的网络结点，不同类型的主体在孵化网络治理过程则扮演着不同的角色，并发挥着不同作用。对于孵化器而言，如何利用有限资源，对孵化网络内多个结点关系进行平衡和构建，抓住孵化网络内的关键网络结点联结，以形成一个有效的网络治理机制，已有研究还鲜有涉及。目前学者们对孵化网络与孵化绩效关系的研究，大多是从在孵企业视角出发，考察孵化网络对在孵企业成功毕业率、产品研发速度、创业绩效的影响；同时，由于各孵化器内外环境的差异，它们有不同的绩效追求目标，新创孵化器侧重于其自身的快速成长，而已具备一定实力的孵化器可能更加追求其社会价值，各孵化器的绩效追求目标也有很大差异，而目前很少有学者从孵化网络视角系统地剖析孵化网络特征对孵化器不同产出的影响。同时，在孵化器内部存在多种不同类型的在孵企业，孵化网络的结点特征对不同在孵企业的绩效是否存在差异，对于不同的在孵企业而言，各个网络结点的关系是否同等重要，已有研究都未曾考虑。因此，有必要从孵化网络的微观结点特征入手，系统地考察外部环境对孵化网络的影响作用、孵化网络对孵化器多维绩效的影响作用及其对在孵企业绩效的权变影响机理，为未来学者和实践者进一步深入研究孵化器网络理论和孵化绩效提供方向。
本文从微观视角来探讨如何整合孵化网络资源以提升孵化绩效，主要研究以下四个方面的内容：（1）分析孵化网络结点构成，提出孵化网络结点联结模型，并确定孵化网络微观结点特征指标；（2）剖析外部环境特征，分析外部环境对孵化网络的影响作用机理；（3）剖析孵化器绩效维度结构，揭示孵化网络对孵化器多维绩效的影响作用机理；（4）揭示孵化网络对不同在孵企业绩效的权变作用机理；（5）设计调查问卷，对本文所提模型及假设进行验证。
具体来说，本文的创新点主要体现在以下几个方面：
（1）本文构建了外部环境对孵化网络微观结点特征的影响作用模型，并对其进行验证，揭示了外部环境特征对孵化网络的作用机理。本研究从客观环境视角解释了孵化网络结构差异的原因，为孵化器如何在特定环境中构建孵化网络提供理论依据。
本研究认为，孵化器构建孵化网络需要适应其外部环境的特点。首先，本文基于微观结点视角对孵化网络进行解析，剖析其结点构成，建立孵化网络联结模型，并提出孵化网络结点联结的特征指标，并在总结前人研究结果的基础上，提出了外部环境的三个维度（动态性、敌对性、复杂性），并分析了三个维度对孵化网络四类联结（智力结点、中介结点、资金结点、引导结点）的关系强度和网络规模的影响作用，构建了外部环境对孵化网络的影响作用机理模型，并设计调查问卷对其进行验证。本文的影响机理模型细化了外部环境对孵化网络影响的发力点和着力点，为孵化器在特定环境中科学构建孵化网络提供了理论依据。
（2）本文构建一个比较完整的孵化网络对孵化器多维绩效的影响作用模型，并对其进行实证，揭示出孵化网络各结点微观特征对孵化器孵育绩效、运营绩效、创新绩效和经济绩效的作用关系。本研究从孵化网络视角解释了孵化器绩效差异的原因；在孵化网络结点影响作用的考察上充分考虑到了孵化器不同维度绩效的特征，为孵化器针对性地提高各维度绩效提供理论依据。
本研究认为，孵化器作为一种制度安排，具有政府公益性服务色彩，其产出与一般企业不同，因而要对其绩效进行维度划分。首先，本文分析了孵化器的产出，将其分为直接产出和间接产出，并根据不同产出的特点，结合相关孵化器绩效的研究，将孵化器绩效划分为孵育绩效、运营绩效、创新绩效和经济绩效四个维度，最后深入分析了孵化网络四类联结（与智力结点、中介结点、资金结点、引导结点）的两个特征指标——关系强度和网络规模对四个维度绩效的影响作用机理，提出本文的孵化网络对孵化器绩效影响作用模型，并设计调查问卷对其进行实证。本文的影响作用模型细化了孵化网络对孵化器绩效的发力点和着力点，能够帮助孵化器发现各类网络结点关系构建过程中的不足，为孵化器针对性地采取措施提高不同维度绩效提供理论依据。
（3）本文揭示了孵化网络对不同在孵企业的影响作用，从微观视角构建了孵化网络对在孵企业绩效的权变影响机理模型,并对其进行验证。本研究首次从微观视角分析孵化网络对不同在孵企业绩效的影响作用，拓展了孵化网络对在孵企业绩效的研究思路，为孵化器充分利用网络资源以针对性提高不同在孵企业绩效指明方向。
本研究指出，对于不同类别的在孵企业，其需要的核心资源和服务是不同的，因此，本文从行业、发展阶段和成长阶段三个角度分析了不同在孵企业的成长特点。同时，本文认为在不同类别的在孵企业中，从发展阶段视角对在孵企业分类最容易考察孵化网络对其绩效的权变影响作用，因此，本文从微观视角分析了孵化网络结点联结特征对不同发展阶段在孵企业的影响作用，构建了孵化网络对在孵企业绩效的权变影响机理模型，并设计调查问卷对其进行实证。本文的研究结果拓展了孵化网络对在孵企业绩效的研究思路，丰富了当前孵化网络与孵化绩效关系的研究视角，为孵化器针对性提高各在孵企业绩效提供理论依据。
The incubator is a new style economical organization of incubatoring and incubationtechnological initial enterprise, and a policy instrument used as government supportingtechnological innovation and pushing region innovation system constructive. The incubatorwas adopted and used broadly in the world and got the very good development since it wascome into the world. With the gradually shortening of product life cycle and continualincreasing of the cost of research and gradually specialization of profession skill, it has beenhappened of the great change of the incubator from concept meaning to running mode. Sothe single incubator already could not be satisfied the multiple individuation requisition forentrepreneurship. The major mode of incubator development was linking various types ofinnovation body by network mode. And Incubator building incubator network will beimpacted by the external environment. Therefore, how to scientifically construct incubatornetwork and reinforce regulation the relation for incubator network member in order toimprove network operation performance was the greatness topic for incubator reseachers andpractitioners.
The scholars precede a lot of research on the incubator network and incubationperformance. Throughout the existing research at home and abroad, the correlation theoryresearch on incubator network and incubation performance was still on the starting phaseand the research results was still stay in the surface. They analyzed effect function ofincubator network on incubation performance mostly from macroscopic view. The incubatornetwork involed the government, financial institution, resonance organize and multi differenttype network junction, while the different type body act as different part during the incubatornetwork integration regulation. With regard to the incubator, how to utilize exhaustibleresources and the equilibration and construct multi-joint relation incubator network, andcatch the key network nodes to build a effective network governance mechanisms, theresearch results have not been relate to the view. On the other hand，the incubators haddifferent performance object because there was difference inside and outside environmentfor each incubator. The new incubator emphasize particularly on personal quickly growth,but the incubator that have certain strength may more pursuit social value. At present thescholar research the relation between incubator network and incubation performance mostlyfrom the view of incubatee, and they surveyed the success graduated rate of the incubatee,the research and designation speed of production, and the effect on the entrepreneurshipperformance. As a result, the scholar seldom systematically analyzed the effect of incubatornetwork characterization on the incubator difference output from incubator network view. Atthe same time, there were incubatees of multi-different types in the incubator network.Whether there were differences of the impact of incubator network characterization ondifference incubatees. With regard to different incubatee, the research did not consider whether each network node was important equally. Therefore, it is necessary tosystematically study the effect of the external environment on incubator network, the effectof incubator network on incubator multidimensional performance and the contingency effectmechanism on incubatee performance from the microscopic icubator network. It providedthe direction to research deeply incubator network and incubation enterprise performance forscholar and practicer.
The peper studied how to integrate incubator network resources to upgrade incubationperformance from microscopic view in this dissertation, include the following four aspectcontent:(1) incubator network nodes construction was analyzed and incubator network nodeslink model was proposed, and the incubator network node characteristic index wasdetermined form microscopic view.(2) analyzed the external environmental characteristics,proposed mechanism of the external environment on incubator network.(3)incubatorperformance dimension structure was analyzed and the effect mechanism of incubatornetwork on incubator multidimensional performance was revealed.(4)the contingency actionmechanism of incubator network on the different incubatees performance wasrevealed.(5)the model and assumptions proposed was verified by inquiry questionnaire.
For details, the innovation points of the paper mainly are represented by the followingaspects:
(1) It built and verified the mechanism model of the external environment on incubatornetwork microscopic node features, revealed the action mechanism of externalenvironmental characteristics on the incubator network. From the objective environmentalperspective, this study explains the reasons of the incubator network structure differences, toprovide a theoretical basis for the incubator building incubator network in a specificenvironment.
This study suggests that the incubator building incubator networks need to adapt to thecharacteristics of the external environment. Firstly, this dissertation analyzed incubatornetwork and dissected the node construction based on microscopic view, and built incubatornetwork link model and proposed incubator network node characteristic index. Then basedon the results of previous studies, it put forward the three dimensions of the externalenvironment (dynamic, hostility, complexity), and analyzedthe effect of the three dimensionson the relation strength and network size of four incubate network links (intelligence node,intermediary node, funding node, boot node). Then constructed the action mechanism of theexternal environment on the incubation network, and designed questionnaire to verify it. Theaction mechanism model refinement the point and the focal point of the externalenvironment on the incubation network, provided the theoretical basis for the incubatorconstructing incubator network in a specific environment.
(2)This dissertation built and verified a comparatively integral model of incubator networkimpacting on incubator multidimensional performance, and revealed the relations of themicroscopic feature of incubator network’s impact on incubating performance, operationperformance, innovation performance and economy performance of incubator. This research explained the reason of the incubator performance difference from the incubator networkview. It considered the different dimension performance characteristic at incubator networknode effect. So it supplied the theory reference for improving each dimension performanceof incubator.
The incubator was a sort of system arrangements with government public service in thisresearch. Incubator performance must be divided dimension because of the output differencefrom generally enterprise. Firstly, it analyzed the incubator output, which was divided intodirect output and indirection output. According to different output performance and theresearches of incubator performance, the incubator performance was divided into fourdimensions that were incubating performance, operation performance, innovationperformance and economy performance. Then the mechanism of action was deeply analyzed,the two characteristic indexes that were relation strength and network size of four incubatenetwork link（intelligence node, intermediary node, funding node, boot node） impact onfour dimension performance. At last it proposed a mechanism model of incubator networkimpacting on incubator multidimensional performance and designed questionnaire to verifyit. The model can help incubator find out the problem of network node relations duringestablishing the model and supply the theory reference for taking measures to improvedifference dimension performance.
(3)This dissertation revealed the effect function for incubator network on the incubatee.Incubator network impact on the incubatee performance's contingency effect mechanicalmodels was built and verified from microscopic view. This study firstly analyzed the effectsof incubator network impact on difference incubatee performance from microscopic viewand prolonged the research perspective for incubator network’s impact on incubateeperformance. It pointed out the direction for enterprise to improve difference incubateenterprise performance.
The research indicated that the core resources and services were different for differenttypes of incubatee. Therefore this article analyzed the growth characteristics of differentincubatee from three angles of the industry, stage of development and growth stage.Meanwhile, the paper pointed out that analyzing the contingency effects of incubationnetwork on incubatee performance was best from the stage of development perspective. Sothe paper explored the effect of the characteristics of the incubator network node links on thedifferent stages of development incubatee, and built contingency impact mechanism modelof incubator network on incubatee performance, then designed questionnaire to verify it. Theresults of this study expanded research ideas of the incubator network on the incubateesperformance, enriched the current research perspective of the relation of the incubatornetwork on incubation performance, provides a theoretical basis for improving the incubateeperformance.
引文
[1] Aaboen L. Explaining incubators using firm analogy [J]. Technovation,2010,29(10):657-670.
[2] Abduh M, Souza C D, Quazi A, Henry T B. Investigating and classifying clientssatisfaction with business incubator services[J].Managing Service Quality,2007,17(1):74-91．
[3] Adler P S, Kwon S. Social capital: Prospects for a new concept [J]. Academy ofManagement Review.2002.27(1):17-40.
[4] Allen D.Small Business Incubators and Enterprise Development[M]. Athens, OH:National Business Incubation Association,1985.
[5] Allen W D. Social networks and self-employment [J]. Journal of Social-Economics,2000,29(5):487-501.
[6] Andreas W O. B hringer．Knowledge specialization and transfer：A knowledge basedframework for business incubation．DRUID Summer Conference2006.Copenhagen,Denmark, June18-20,2006．
[7] Aruna Chandra．Approaches to Business Incubation: A Comparative Study of the UnitedStates, China and Brazil[D]．Working Paper，Networks Financial Institute at IndianaState University，November2007．
[8] Batjargal. Effects of Social Capital on Entrepreneurial Performance in Russia[J], inReynolds, P. et al (eds.), Frontiers of Entrepreneurship Research, Babson College, Mass,2001:34-37.
[9] Bergek A, Norrman C. Incubator best Practice: a framework [J].Technovation，2008,28(4):20-28.
[10]Bian Y. Bringing strong ties back in: Indirect ties, network bridges, and job searches inChina [J].American Sociological Review,1997,62(3):366-385
[11]Bollingtoft A, Ulhoi J P. The networked incubator-leveraging entrepreneurialagency[J].Journal of Business Venturing，2005,2(20):265-290．
[12]Boorman S A. Combinatorial Optimization Model for the Transmission of JobInformation through Contact Networks [J]. Bell Journal of Economics,1975,6(1):216-249.
[13]Borg E A. Problem Shifts and Market Research: The Roles of Networks in BusinessRelationships[J],Scandinavian Journal of Management,1991,7(4):285-295.
[14]Brooks O J. Economic Development through Entrepreneurship: Incubators and theIncubation Process [J].Economic Development Review,1986,4(2):24-29.
[15]Buche M W, Scillitoe J. L．Influence of gender and social networks on organizationallearning within technology incubators[J]．Journal of Business,2007,23(5):59-68,．
[16]Burt R S. Structure Holes: the Social Structure of Competition [M]. Cambridge: HarvardUniversity Press,1992:176-179.
[17]Burt R S. The contingent value of social capital [J]. Administrative Science Quarterly,1997,42(3):339-365.
[18]Campbell C, Allen D N.1987.The Small Business Incubator Industry: Micro-levelEconomic Development [J].Economic Development Quarterly,1987,1(2):178-191.
[19]Chan K F,Theresa Lau. Assessing technology incubator programs in the Science park:the good, the bad and the ugly[J].Technovation,2005,25(10):1215-1228.
[20]Chandler A D. Franco Amatori Takashi Uikino. Big Business and the Wealth of Nations,Cambridge University Press,1997.
[21]Charles G, Bamford E. Creating a Technology-Based Entrepreneurial Economy: AResource Based Theory Perspective [J]. Journal of Technology Transfer,2005,30(4)：433-451．
[22]Chung J C.Technology Commereialization incubator and venture capital and newventure performance[J].Journal of Business Research,2009,62(3):93-103.
[23]Coleman J S. Social capital in the creation of human capital [J]. American Journal ofSociology,1988,94(2):95-120.
[24]Colombo M G, Delmastro M. How effective are technology incubators?[J].Evidencefrom Italy Research Policy,2002,31(7):1103-1122.
[25]Colombo M G. The changing boundaries of the firm: explaining evolving inter-firmrelations[M]. Psychology Press,1998.
[26]Colton R M, Undell. G. The National Science Foundations Innovation Centers. AnExperiment in Training Potential Entrepreneurs and Innovators [J]. In Journal of SmallBusiness Management,1976,8(2):14.
[27]Covin J, Slevin D. A conceptual Model of entrepreneurship as firm behavior,Entrepreneurship [J]，Theory and Practice,1991.
[28]Croom S, Watt A. Managing Operations Improvements through Relational Capabilitiesin the Context of Small-Firm Networks [J]. International Journal of Logistics: Research&Applications,2000,3(1):83-96.
[29]Culp R P. A test of business growth through analysis of a technology incubator program[D]. Atlanta: Georgia Institute of Technology,1996.
[30]Daood Hamdani. Conceptualizing and measuring business incubation StatisticsCanada.Working Paper,2006．
[31]David F. The Co-evolution of Business Incubators and National Incubator networks inEmerging Markets [J].Journal of Technology Management&Innovation，2010,5(3):1-14.
[32]Dennis M. Innovation Networks and Territorial Dynamics [D]. A Tentative Typology,1993.
[33]Dess, G., Beard, D., Dimensions of organizational task environments [J], AdministrativeScience Quarterly，1984，29(1)：52-73.
[34]Dill W R. Environment as an influence on managerial autonomy[J],AdministrativeScience Quarterly,1958,2.
[35]dimensions and research implications[J],Entrepreneurship Theory andPractice,1994,18(4):43-62.
[36]Duncan K D. Characteristics of organizational environments and perceivedenvironmental uncertainty [J]，Administrative Science Quarterly,1972,17(5):313-327.
[37]Dyer J H, Chu W. The Role of Trustworthiness in Reducing Transaction Costs andImproving Performance: Empirical Evidence from the United States, Japan, and Korea[J]. Organization Science,2003,14(1):57-68.
[38]Dyer J H, Nobeoka K. Creating and managing a high-performance knowledge-sharingnetwork: The Toyota case [J]. Strategic Management Journal,2000,21(3):345-367.
[39]Dyer J H, Singh H. The Relational View: Cooperative Strategy and Sources of Interorganizational Competitive Advantage [J]. Academy of Management Review,1998,23(4):660-679.
[40]Emery F E, Trist E L. The causal texture of organizational environments [J], HumanRelations,1965,18(1):21-32
[41]Erlewine M, Gerl E. A comprehensive guide to business incubation (Completely rev.2nd.)[J].Athens, Ohio: National Business Incubation Association,2004．
[42]Frank T. Rothaermel M T.Incubator firm failure or graduation? The role of universitylinkages[J].Research Policy，2005,(34):1076-1090.
[43]Freeman C. The Economics of Technical Change [J]. Cambridge Journal of Economics,1994,18(8):463-514.
[44]Freeman C.Network of Innovations：Synthesis of Research Issues[J].Research Policy，1991,20(2):499-514．
[45]Gartner W B. A conceptual framework for describing the phenomenon of firm creation[J].The Academy of Management Review,1995,10(4):696-709.
[46]Gassmann O, Becker B. Towards A Resource-Based View of Corporate Incubaiors[J].International Journal of Innovation Management,2006,10(1):19-45.
[47]Gnyawali D R, Foge1D S. Environments for entrepreneurship development:key
[48]Granovetter M S. Economic Action and Social Structure: the Problem of Embeddedness[J].American Journal of Sociology,1985,91(3):481-510.
[49]Granovetter M S. The Strength of Weak ties. American Journal of Sociology [J].1973,78(6):1360-1380.
[50]Granovetter M S. The strength of weak ties: A network theory revisited [M]. BeverlyHills, CA: Safe,1982:103-130.
[51]Gulati R, Gargiulo M. Where Do International Networks Come From [J].AmericanJournal of Sociology,1999,104(5):1439-1493.
[52]Gulati R, Nohria N, Zaheer A. Strategic Networks [J].Strategic Management Journa1,2000,14(3):203-215.
[53]Gulati R. Alliances and networks [J]. Strategic Management Journal, Special Issue,1998,19(4):293-317.
[54]Gulati R. Nohria N, Zaheer A. Strategic networks [J]. Strategic Management Journal,2000,21(3):203-215.
[55]Haiqing H, Dan Zhang, Min Zhang. The Research on Business Incubation DynamicNetwork Model Based On Knowledge Transfer[C].2009International Conference onInformation Management, Innovation Management and Industrial Engineering.276-281.
[56]Hakanson S. Business networks [M].1London: Routledge Press,1995.
[57]Hansen M T, Chesbrough H W, Nohria N, Sull D N. Networked Incubators [J]. HarvardBusiness Review,2000,78(5):74-84.
[58]Hansen M T. The search-transfer problem: the role of weak ties in sharing knowledgeacross organization subunits [J]. Administrative Science Quarterly,1999,44(1):82-111.
[59]Hansson F, Husted K. Second generation science parks: from structural holes jockeys tosocial capital catalysts of the knowledge society [J]. Technovation,2005,25(9):1039-1049.
[60]Henrekson M, Rosenberg N.Designing Efficient Institutions for Science-BasedEntrepreneurship：Lesson from the US and Sweden [J]. Journal of Technology Transfer，2001,26(3):207-231.
[61]Hoang H, Kothaermel F T. The effect of general and partner-specific allianceexperience on joint R&D project performance [J]. Academy of Management Journal,2005,48(2):332-345.
[62]Hoang H, Kothaermel F T. The effect of general and partner-specific alliance experienceon joint R&D project performance [J].Academy of Management Journal,2005,48(2):332-345.
[63]Hongseok O H, Labianca C, Myung-Ho C.A Multilevel Model of Group Social Capital[J]. Academy of Management Review,2006,31(3):569-582
[64]Hongwei Wang，Dechang Lin，Hong Yin，Qiang Lu，Haiqing Cheng．Linking IncubatorServices to the Performance of Incubated Firms：A Review[C]．2008IEEE ICMIT，894-899．
[65]Ireland R D, Hitt M, Vaidyanath D. Alliance Management as a Source of CompetitiveAdvantage [J]. Journal of Management,2002,28(3):413-446.
[66]Jarill J C. On Strategic Networks [J].Strategic Management Journal,1988,13(1):31-41.
[67]Joanne L. Scillitoe, Alok K.Chakrabarti. The role of incubator Interactions in assistingnew ventures[J].Technovation,2009,30(3):155-167.
[68]Jones C, Hesterly S W, Borgatti P S. A general theory of network governance: Exchangeconditions and social mechanisms[J].Academy of Management Review,1997,22(4):42-44.
[69]Justin D. Effects of Environmental Munificence, Dynamism, and Complexity onPrincipal Agent Contracts [J],2003.
[70]Justin Tan, Perceived environment, Strategy orientation, ownership effect andimplication in a transition economy: an empirical study in the Peoples Republic ofChina[D],Doctoral dissertation of:Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University,1993.
[71]Kang Kai，Wei Xuguang, Zhang Jie. The Research of the Dimensions of GovernancePerformance in Network Organizations[C].2009International Conference onInformation Management, Innovation Management and Industrial Engineering,410-413.
[72]Ketchen D J, Thomas J B, Snow C C. Organizational Configurations and performance：A Comparison of Theoretical Approaches[J]．Academy of Management Journal，1993，136(6):1278-1313．
[73]Lalkaka R. Business Incubators as a means to small enterprise creation and growth[C].International Small Business Congress,1994.
[74]Larson A. Network dyads in entrepreneurial settings: A study of the governance ofexchange relationships [J].Administrative Science Quarterly,1992,37(1):76-104.
[75]Leora R, Asaf D. Technological incubators and the social construction of innovationnetworks: an Israeli case study[J].Technovation2005,25(2):59-67.
[76]Lin Dechang, Lu Qiang，Wang Hongwei．Service Innovation Based on Operationalmodel: a Case of Business Incubator[C].7th International Conference on Service Systemsand Service Management,2010．
[77]Lin N, Ensel W M, Vaughn J C. Social resources and strength of ties: Structural factorsin occupational status attainment [J]. American Sociological Review,1981,46(4):393-405.
[78]Lindelof P, Lofsten H. Growth, management and financing of new technology-basedfirms-assessing value-added contributions of firms located on and off Science Parks[J].Omega-international journal of management science,2002,30(3):143-154.
[79]Lofsten H, Lindelof P. R&D networks and product innovation patterns-acadenuc andnon-academic new technology-based firms on Science Parks[J].Technovation,2005,25(9):1025-1037.
[80]Longenecker J G, Moore C W, Petty J W Small BusinessManagement: An Entrepreneurial Emphasis[M]. Cincinnati: South-western Pub,1991.
[81]Louis G, Tornatzky, Paul G. Waugaman, and Denis O. Gray. Innovation U: NewUniversity Roles in a Knowledge Economy[R], A Southern Policies Growth BoardReport, Research Triangle Park,NC,2002
[82]Lumpkin G T, Dess G G, Linking two dimensions of entrepreneurial orientation to firmerformance: The moderating role of environment and industry life cycle [J], Journal ofBusiness Venturing,2001,16(5):429-451.
[83]Macadam M, Marlow S．A preliminary investigation into networking activities withinthe university incubator[J]．Journal of Entrepreneurial Behaviour&Research，2008,14(4):219-241．
[84]Manju K A, Kathleen M C. Network Structure in Virtual Origination.http://jcmc.indiana.edu/vol3/issue4/ahuja.html．
[85]Marina V G, Danny S. Growth of Technology Incubators: An EvolutionaryPerspective[J].Technological Innovation Across Nations,2009,14(2):141-158．
[86]Mark P R. Co-production of business assistance in business incubators Anexploratory study[J].Journal of Business Venturing,2002,17(2):163-187.
[87]Masahiko A. The Contingent Governance of Team： Analysis of InstitutionalComplimentarily[J]．International Economic Review，1995,35(3)：582-614．
[88]McEvily B, Marcus A. Bridging ties: A source of firm heterogeneity in competitivecapabilities[J].Strategic Management Journal,1999,20(12):1133-1156.
[89]McEvily B, Marcus A. Embedded ties and the acquisition of competitive capabilities [J].Strategic Management Journal,2005,26(5):1033-1055.
[90]Mian S. Are university technology incubators providing a milieu foruniversity-sponsored entrepreneurship [J].Technology Management,1994,1(3):86-93.
[91]Mian S. Assessing Value Added Contributions of University Technology BusinessIncubators to Tenant Firms[J].Research Policy,1996,25(2):325-335.
[92]Michael S, Christoph H. Specialization as strategy for business incubators: Anassessment of the Central German Multimedia Center [J]. Technovation,2008,28(5):436-449.
[93]Min Zhang, Renguo Jiang. Empirical Research on Business Incubation NetworkingOperation and the Incubation Performance[C]. International Conference on InformationManagement, Innovation Management and Industrial Engineering.2009.
[94]Mitchell J C. The concept and use of social Networks[A]，in social network in UrbanSituations. Edited by J.C. Mitchell Manchester, Eng: Manchester University Press,1969.
[95]Mohsen A, Khali E O. Enabling Innovative Entrepreneurship through BusinessIncubation． Augusto López-Claros， The Innovation for Development Report（2009–2010）:69-84．
[96]Nareatha L S. The effectiveness of entrepreneurial firm's knowledge acquisition from abusiness incubator[J]，Int Entrep Manag J,2006,18(2):211-225.
[97]Nielsen C C, Snow J U. New Approaches to Organization Design：Theory and Practiceof Adaptive Enterprises[J]． Information and Organization Design Series,2009,8(1):23-40．
[98]Nohria N, Eccles R. Networks and Organizations: Structure, Form and Action [C].Harvard University Press, Boston, MA,1992.
[99]Nohria N, Eccles R.Networks and Organizations: Structure, Form, and action[J].Harvard Business School Press, Boston: MA,1992:198-203.
[100] Peng M W, Organizational changes in planned economies in transition: An eclecticmodel, Advances in International Comparative Management [J],1994,9:223-252.
[101] Peter V, Marsden K, Lin N. Social Structure and Network Analysis[C]. CA: Sage,1982:131-145.
[102] Piero M. Industrial Clusters, Knowledge Integration and Performance [J].WorldDevelopment,2004,3(2):305-326.
[103] Plosila W, Allen D.Small business incubators and public policy: Implications forstates and local development strategies[J].Policy Studies Journal,1985,13(2):729-734.
[104] Pngps V V. Structuring co-operative relationships between organizations[J].Strategic Management Journal,1992,5(13):56-59.
[105] Powell W W. Neither market nor hierarchy: network forms of organization. In B.M.Staw and LL Cummings (eds.), Research in organization behavior [J], Greenwich, CT:JAI Press,1990,12(2):295-336.
[106] Rice M P. Co-production of Business Assistance in Business Incubators:An Exploratory Study [J].Journal of Business Venturing，2002,17(3):163-187.
[107] Richard G B. The Organization of Industry[J]. Economic Journal,1972,8(2):883-896.
[108] Roberts E, Hauptman D. The Process of Technology Transfer to the NewBiomedical and Pharmaceutical Firm [J]. Research Policy,1986,15(3):107-190.
[109] Rosa G, Alessandro G. Business incubators and new venture creation: anassessment of incubating models[J].Technovation,2005,25(3):111-121.
[110] Rothschild L,Darr A.Technological incubators and the social construction ofinnovation networks: an Israeli case study[J]．Technovation,2005,25(1):59–69.
[111] Rowley T, Behrens D, Krackhardt D. Redundant governance structures: Ananalysis of structural and relational embeddedness in the steel and semiconductorindustries [J]. Strategic Management Journal,2000, Special Issue21(3):369-286.
[112] Sampson R C. Experience effects and collaborative returns in R&D alliances [J].Strategic Management Journal,2005,26(11):1009-1031
[113] Sarfraz A M. Assessing value-added contributions of university technologybusiness incubators to tenant firms[J].Research Policy,1996(25):325-335.
[114] Schwartz M, Hornych C. Specialization as strategy for business incubators:An assessment of the Central German Multimedia Center[J]. Technovation,2008,28(7):436-449.
[115] Scilitoe J L, Chakrabarti A K. The role of incubator interactions in assisting newventures [J]. Technovation,2010,30(03):155-167.
[116] Scott W. Organizations: Rational, Natural, and Open Systems [J],(3rd ed.).Englewwod Cliffi NJ: Prentic Hall.1992.
[117] Sean M H, David M D. A Systematic Review of Business Incubation Research[J].Journal of Technology Transfer.2004,29(1):55-82.
[118] Seibert S E, Kraimer M L, Liden R C. A social capital theory of career success [J].Academy of management journal,2001,44(2):222-234.
[119] Shan W, Walker Q, Kogut B. Interfirm cooperation and startup innovation in thebiotechnology industry[J]. Strategic Management Journal,1994,15(3):387-394.
[120] Smilor R W. Commercializing technology through new business incubator [J].Research Management,1987,30(5):36-41.
[121] Smilor R, Gill J M.The New Business Incubator: Linking Talent,Technology andKnow-How[M].Lexington, MA:Lexington Books,1986.
[122] Smilor R. Managing the Incubator System: Critical Success Factors to AccelerateNew Company Development [J].IEEE Transactions on Engineering Management,1987,34(4):146-156.
[123] Somsuk N, Punnakitikashem P, Laosirihongthong T．Determining Enabling Factorsof University Technology Business[C]． IEEE IEEM，2010．
[124] Specht P H. Munificence and carrying capability of the environment andorganization formation[J].Entrepreneurship Theory and Practice.1993,4(2):77-86.
[125] Sproull L, Kiesler S. Connections.Cambridge [M]. MA: MIT Press,1991:187-201.
[126] Tangen S. Performance measurement: from philosophy to practice [J].InternationalJournal of productivity and Performance Management,2009.53(8):726-737.
[127] Thorelli H B, Networks: Between Markets and Hierarchies [J], StrategicManagement Journal,1986,7（3）:37-51.
[128] Tiago R, Elsa H. The role of science parks incubators Technovation in convergingcountries: Evidence from and business Portugal [J].2010,4(30):278-290
[129] Udell G.Are Business Incubators Really Creating New Jobs by Creating NewBusinesses and New Products [J].Journal of Product InnovationManagement,1990,7(2):108-122.
[130] Uzzi B. Social Structure and Competition in Inter firm Networks: The Paradox ofEmbeddedness [J]. Administrative Science Quarterly,1997,42(1):35-67
[131] Uzzi B. The sources and consequences of embeddedness for the economicperformance of organizations: The network effect [J]. American Sociological Review,1996,61(4):674-698
[132] Van D A W, Elfring T. Realizing innovation in services [J]. Scandinavian Journal ofManagement,2002,18(2):155-171.
[133] Voisey P, Gornall L, Jones P, Thomas B.The measurement of success in a businessincubation project[J]. Journal of Small Bisiness and Enterprise Development,2006.13(3):454-468.
[134] Watanabe S. Microelectronics, automation, and employment in the automobileindustry [M]. Wiley Press,1987:112-119.
[135] Williamson O E, The Economic Institutions of Capitalism [M],New York: FreePress,1985.
[136] Zahra S A, Bogner W C. Technology strategy and software new venturesperformance: exploring the moderating effect of competitive environment [J], Journal ofBusiness Venturing，2000，15(2):135-173.
[137]爱迪思（Adizes Ichak），赵睿.企业生命周期[M].北京：华夏出版社,2004.
[138]奥村宏.日本六大企业集团[M].1981,辽宁人民出版社.
[139]边伟军,罗公利.市科技企业孵化器建设现状与未来选择[J].科技管理研究，2010,10(3):61-63.
[140]曹细玉.企业孵化器孵化能力评价研究[J].科技进步与对策.2001,18(6):13-14.
[141]常林朝，邵俊岗.基于资源外取的企业孵化器开放式运行模式研究[J].科技进步
[142]陈健.中国科技企业孵化器网络化发展的探讨[J].情报探索，2004，22(4):69-73.
[143]陈栗．企业孵化器与技术创新——作为-种政策工具的企业孵化器的研究[D].厦门大学，2006．
[144]池仁勇.美口创业环境比较研究[J].外国经济与管理，2002,9(3):13-19.
[145]迟树功,杨渤海.企业集团发展规模经济研究[M].经济科学出版社,2000.
[146]党兴国．技术创新网络绩效评价研究[D]．西安理工大学，2010．
[147]丁坤，凌国平.企业孵化器——国际的经验与我国的发展[J].国际商务研究，2003,21(5):19-24.
[148]范建红．企业间网络组织绩效研究[D]．山西财经大学，2006．
[149]范旭，方-兵.区域创新系统中高校与政府和企业互动的五种典型模式[J].中国科技论坛，2004,8(1):66-70.
[150]高天光.孵化器内企业集群的知识溢出问题[J].科学学与科学技术管理，2006，21(6):145-147.
[151]葛传斌,池仁勇.科技孵化器在催生区域创新网络形成中的作用[J].科学管理研究,2003,21(6):18-21.
[152]顾江.规模经济论[M].中国农业出版社,2001.
[153]广东省人民政府关于促进中小企业平稳健康发展的意见[Z].粤府[2008]104号，2008,12.
[154]郝宇，罗永泰.“新木桶理论”与动态战略联盟[J].城市，2003(2):3-5.
[155]侯合银，葛芳芳.科技企业孵化器可持续发展研究:文献综述与研究框架设计[J].系统科学学报，2010,25(1):13-18.
[156]黄泰岩，牛飞亮.西方企业网络理论与企业家的成长[J].中国工业经济，1999,24(2):75-78.
[157]稽登科.企业网络对企业技术创新绩效的影响研究[D].硕士学位论文，浙江大学，2006.
[158]贾蓓妮.应用基于投入-产出理念的AHP法评价孵化器绩效[J].科研管理，2009,25(S1):184-189.
[159]贾静析.对我国企业孵化器中介服务功能的几点思考[J].牡丹江大学学报，2007,35(12):78-79.
[160]贾新春.科技企业孵化器商业资源的网络化[J].中国高新区,2005,30(2):37-38.
[161]姜蕾.虚拟科技孵化器的运营模式研究[D].大连:大连理工大学，2005.
[162]姜明辉，牛晓姝.政府在区域创新网络中的角色定位[J].学习与探索，2005,28(4):214-216.
[163]蒋勤峰，田晓明，王重鸣.企业动态能力测量之实证研究—以270家孵化器入孵企业为例[J].科学学研究，2008，26(3):604-611.
[164]今井贤-,小宫隆太郎,陈晋,随清远译.《现代日本企业制度》[M].1995,经济科学出版社.
[165]金加林,李玲,刘喜华.高新技术产业孵化器模式的比较选择研究[J].科学管理研究,2004,22(3):76-79.
[166]景俊海.科技企业成长与企业孵化器[M].西安:西北工业大学出版社，1998.
[167]乐文．摇摆的天平—中国高新区内孵化器的制度特征、单位特性及其变革[J]．上海:科技创业,2002,30(14):95－97.
[168]李岱松,张革,黎朝辉.企业孵化器绩效评价研究[J].北京工业大学学报(社会科学版),2008,8(2):23-27.
[169]李刚,张玉臣,陈德棉.孵化器支撑环境研究[J].科学与科学技术管理,2001,22(6):23-25.
[170]李恒光.孵化器绩效评价体系中的要素与过程分析[J].科学管理研究.2007,25(1):45-48.
[171]李恒光.国内外科技企业孵化器绩效评价理论研究综述[J].广东行政学院学报，2007,19(6):67-72.
[172]李恒光.基于3C的科技企业孵化器动态绩效评价模型[J].辽东学院学报(社会科学版)，2007，9(6):175-179.
[173]李恒光.科技企业孵化器绩效评价理论研究综述[J].辽东学院学报(社会科学版)，2008,10(4):41-46.
[174]李恒光.科技企业孵化器内涵界定的理论梳理[J].辽东学院学报(社会科学版)，2007,9(4):38-43.
[175]李宏立，武庆良.高新区科技企业孵化器发展成因分析[J].科技管理研究，2011,31(4):104-107.
[176]李宏立.切实推进科技企业孵化器可持续发展[J].企业导报，2011,(1):68-70.
[177]李焕荣，林建.战略网络的结构、类型、构成要素和功能研究[J].科学学与科学技术管理，2004,30(6):70-74.
[178]李磊，王信东.论科技企业孵化器对促进城市产业升级的功能[J].科技和产业，2011,11(01):1-6.
[179]李晓燕．基于数据包络分析的标杆管理理论与应用研究[D]．南京理工大学，2010．
[180]李振华，赵黎明.科技企业孵化器的网络化发展研究[J].科技管理研究，2007，27(11):49-51.
[181]李志能，张洁，郁义鸿.美国孵化器的发展沿革[J].上海经济研究，2000，15(7):38-44.
[182]林德昌，陆强，王红卫.科技企业孵化器服务能力因素分析及服务创新对策—基于对全国百余名孵化器高层管理人员的调查[J].科学学与科学技术管理，2010,31(7):146-153.
[183]林德昌，陆强，王红卫.科技企业孵化器服务评价与服务需求实证分析[J].科技进步与对策，2010,27(23):122-127.
[184]林竞君.网络、嵌入性与集群生命周期研究[D].上海：复旦大学,2005.6.
[185]林强.基于新创企业绩效决定要素的高科技企业孵化机制研究[D].北京：清华大学，2003.
[186]林润辉，李维安.网络组织:更具环境适应能力的新型组织模式[J].南开管理评论,2000,3(3):10-15.
[187]林润辉.网络组织与企业高成长[M].天津:南开大学出版社，2004..
[188]刘丙泉，梁静国，吴玉桐.区域孵化器网络绩效的模糊群决策[J].华东经济管理，2008，22(10):36-39.
[189]刘春霞.中国孵化企业融资体系研究[D].武汉:武汉大学，2005.
[190]刘担.“一个硅谷”：美国的启示[J].世界知识2000,3(16):31-33.
[191]刘禾.地方政府公共政策对高新技术企业成长环境影响的研究—杭州高新区高新企业为例[D].杭州:浙江大学，2007.
[192]刘平.科技企业孵化器网络行为与孵化绩效的关系研究[D].浙江大学管理学院硕士学位论文,2012.
[193]刘小韬.武汉市科技企业孵化器融资体系研究[D].合肥:合肥工业大学，2009.
[194]刘晓英．虚拟科技孵化网络构建研究[D].大连：大连理工大学，2006．
[195]刘艳莉.我国科技企业孵化器发展存在的问题及对策[J].边疆经济与文化，2011,8(4):15-16.
[196]刘元芳，陈衍泰，余建星.中国企业技术联盟中创新网络与创新绩效的关系分析—来自江浙沪闽企业的实证研究[J].科学学与科学技术管理,，2006，22(8):52-59
[197]鲁斯坦.拉卡卡，丁亚.拉卡卡.科技企业孵化器[M].上海：上海科学技术文献出版社,2006.
[198]吕娟娟.科技企业孵化器融资体系研究[D].苏州:江苏大学，2007.
[199]罗仲伟.网络组织的特征及其经济和区域发展理论[J].外国经济与管理，2000,22(6):25-28.
[200]马凤岭.科技企业孵化器理论与实务[M].北京:科技文献出版社，2008.
[201]马克.P.雷斯，金娜.B.马休斯.成功企业孵化器的原则与实践[M].西安：西北大学出版社，1997.
[202]迈克尔·迪屈奇.交易成本经济学--关于公司的新的经济意义[M].北京，经济科学出版社,1999.
[203]明大军.以色列的科技企业孵化器[J].瞭望，2004,35(9)：52-53.
[204]彭正银.网络治理:理论的发展与实践的效用[J].经济管理·新管理，200218(8):240-245.
[205]钱德勒.企业规模经济与范围经济[M].北京：中国社会科学出版社，1999.
[206]钱平凡.李志能.孵化器运作的国际经验与我国孵化器产业的发展对策[J].管理世界，2000，8(6):78-84.
[207]乔颖，王永杰，陈光.研究型大学在区域创新系统中的地位与作用[J].科学学与科学技术管理，2002,23(6):47-49.
[208]青木昌彦，钱颖一．转轨经济中的公司治理结构：内部人控制与银行的作用
[M]．北京：中国经济出版社，1995．
[209]冉进财，厉伟.科技企业孵化器网络化组织的发展及运作模式探讨[J].煤炭工程，2006，45(9):105-107.
[210]阮平南，宋晋娜.基于战略网络的企业关系分析[J].企业经济，2007,35(7):52-65.
[211]施定国，刘凤朝.城市科技企业孵化器体系功能实现机制[J].软科学研究，2003，12(4):18-22.
[212]石泉.完善科技企业孵化器服务功能机制建设研究—以山东省科技企业孵化器为例[J].软科学，2006,23(6):93-96.
[213]宋建学，李静，李雪梅.市场经济条件下我国企业孵化器可持续发展问题研究[J].技术经济，2005,5(2):10-13.
[214]宋清．创业企业孵化机制研究——利益主体协调与激励的视角[M]．北京：北京理工大学出版社，2009．
[215]孙国强，范建红．网络组织治理机制与绩效的典型关系研究[J]．经济管理，2005，31(12)，50-55．
[216]孙国强.网络组织的内涵、特征与构成要素[J].南开管理评论，2001，4(4):26-28.
[217]孙晓玲.企业技术创新网络治理机制研究[M].成都:西南财经大学出版社，2008,7.
[218]谭开明，魏世红.美国科技孵化器网络发展演进及启示[J].科技管理研究，2007,27(4):58-59.
[219]汪铭泉.集群企业跨区域发展的机制及模式研究[D].浙江大学管理学院博士学位论文，2009，4.
[220]王柏轩，刘小元.网络组织与科技企业孵化器的运行研究[J].技术与创新管理，2005，20（26）:130-135.
[221]王大洲.企业创新网络的进化与治理：一个文献综述[J].科研管理，2001,22(5):96-103.
[222]王国红，安宁，唐丽艳.区域孵化器网络的生成动因与构建研究[J].科学学与科学技术管理，2007，28(4):135-137.
[223]王会龙，池仁勇.区域科技孵化网络的构建及其创新效应[J].中国软科学，2004，18(4):210-215.
[224]王剑.基于聚集经济的FDI区位选择研究[D].南京：东南大学，2006.
[225]王荣.科技企业孵化器发展的网络化和国际化[R].中国科技企业孵化器发展报告，2003.
[226]王荣.上海科技企业孵化器网络建设实践探索[J].中国新技术新产品，2007，18(12):47-50.
[227]王卫东.企业孵化器发展的国际比较研究[J].科学学与科学技术管理，2006，27(2):161-164.
[228]韦影.企业社会资本对技术创新绩效的影响:基于吸收能力的视角[D].z浙江：浙江大学，2005.
[229]吴倩.科技企业孵化器融资机理与模式研究[D].武汉:武汉理工大学，2008.
[230]肖国瀚.基于SVM的创业企业孵化网络绩效评价研究[D]，华南理工大学硕士学位论文，2012.6.
[231]肖洪钧，王谦.大学资源在企业孵化器中的功能研究[J].辽宁教育研究，2002，8(11):18-21.
[232]谢洪明，刘跃所.战略网络、战略生态与企业的战略行为[J].科学管理研究,200524(2):33-36.
[233]熊胜绪，方晓波.我国科技企业孵化器服务能力研究[J].经济沦坛，2009,10(07):42-46.
[234]徐和平.产品创新网络中的信任与信任机制探讨[J].管理工程学报，2004，18(2):36-39.
[235]徐菱涓，刘宁晖.基于主成分分析法的科技企业孵化器绩效影响因素研究[J].科技进步与对策，2008,25(11):213-215.
[236]徐菱涓，王正新，李东.我国科技企业孵化器绩效评价的理论基础研究[J].科技政策与管理，2009,30(7):29-31.
[237]晏敬东,简利君,胡树华.科技企业孵化器管理绩效的评价指标体系设计[J].科学学与科学技术管理.2004,25(6):44-47.
[238]杨红燕.区域创新网络结点问题研究[D].成都:西南交通大学，2004.
[239]杨锐，黄国安.网络位置和创新-杭州手机产业集群的社会网络分析[J].工业技术经济，2005，15(7):31-37.
[240]杨瑞龙，周业安．相机治理与国有企业监控[J]．中国社会科学，1998，6(3)：7-17．
[241]杨瑞龙，朱春燕.网络与社会资本的经济学分析框架[J].学习与探索，2002，2(1):64-68.
[242]杨武斌.创业环境是创业成功的外部条件[[J].科技创业，2004,8(5):20-22.
[243]杨霞，池仁勇，王会龙，葛传斌，赵珍.实现区域孵化器网络化的制度困境及对策[J].中国软科学，2003，17(5):22-35.
[244]杨霞.实现区域孵化器网络化的制度困境及对策[J].软科学,2003,(5).
[245]杨鑫．产业集群治理绩效评价及其实证研究[D]．北京：中国地质大学，2008．
[246]叶飞，徐学军．基于虚拟企业的绩效协同模糊监控系统设计研究[J]．当代财经，2001,18(5)，34-40．
[247]殷群，郭渊静.企业孵化器发展的政府环境[J].南京邮电大学学报(社会科学版)，2008，10(4):37-40.
[248]尹红.科技企业孵化器绩效影响要素的研究[D].哈尔滨：哈尔滨工业大学，2009.
[249]于忠军.企业孵化器的可持续发展研究[D].青岛:山东科技大学，2005.
[250]与对策，2007，24(10):24-27.
[251]曾鑫,赵黎明“.科技企业孵化器、风险投资、创业企业”三方合作网络研究[J].中国科技论坛,2011(8):62-66.
[252]张波.孵化网络对入孵企业创业绩效的影响研究[D].长沙：中南大学商学院,2010.
[253]张广玲，邬金涛.分销渠道管理[M].武昌:武汉大学出版社，2005.
[254]张鹤达.基于资源观的IT能力对企业绩效影响机制研究[D].长春：吉林大学管理学院，2008.
[255]张建华，欧志明.企业网络组织的生成:中小企业发展的新思路[J].中国地质大学学报(社会科学版)，2003，3(1):46-50.
[256]张景安,张超英.我国科技企业孵化器发展的回顾与展望——为科技产业化插上腾飞的翅膀[EB/OL].http://www.hi-tech.chinaqingdao.net/uni/www.chinatorch.gov.cn/luntan/artic al04.htm.1999-6-22.
[257]张礼建,郑荣娟,程乐.科技企业孵化器孵化绩效评价指标体系构造[J].重庆大学学报.2006,29(3):147-151.
[258]张力.孵化器绩效差异的内在机理研究[D].武汉：华中科技大学，2010.
[259]张维迎．所有权、治理结构与委托代理关系——兼评崔之元及周其仁的一些观点[J]．经济研究，1996，5(9)：7-21．
[260]张炜，李嘉.科技企业孵化器社会网络创业模式运行机制研究—以西安高新区创业服务中心为例[J].科技进步与对策，2008，25(12):18-21.
[261]张炜,邢潇.科技企业孵化器服务项目与服务绩效关系实证研究[J].科学学与科学技术管理，2006，27(4):159-164.
[262]张锡宝.网络型孵化器及其对我国科技孵化器发展的启示[J].科技管理研究，2007，20(9):67-68.
[263]张喜征，单泪源.基于事件驱动的中小科技企业孵化器知识共享机制研究[J].科学学与科学技术管理，2008，28(4):92-95.
[264]张永安.基于大学科技创新资源的企业孵化器网络系统结构与作用机制研究[D].教育部重点课题，2010.
[265]张玉利，陈立新.中小企业创业的核心要素与创业环境分析[J].经济界，2004(3):29-34.
[266]张峥.我国企业孵化器建设融资方式研究[D].武汉:武汉大学，2004.
[267]赵佳宝.西方企业解化器理论研究[J].管理工程学报，2003，12(4):100-102.
[268]赵景来.关于治理理论若干问题讨论综述[J].世界经济与政治,2002,14(3):58-62.
[269]赵黎明,张玉洁.基于网络治理的科技企业孵化器网络与单创投合作研究[J].科学学与科学技术管理,2012,33(3):18-23.
[270]周寄中，陈立新，胡志坚.设计高技术产业集群[J].科学学与科学技术管理，2003，24(6):44-47.
[271]周建华，段浪.城市科技企业孵化器网络形成与演变研究[J].经济地理，2011,31(3):443-456.
[272]周建华.企业孵化器网络构建与绩效评价研究[D].长沙：中南大学商学院，2011.
[273]周如田.科技企业孵化器融资模式探讨[J].市场周刊(理论研究)，2009,23(3):21-23.
[274]邹伟进，郑凌云.中国企业孵化器网络化演进：基于网络治理理论分析[J].中国地质大学学报：社会科学版,2010,10(1):104-109.
[2] Abduh M, Souza C D, Quazi A, Henry T B. Investigating and classifying clientssatisfaction with business incubator services[J].Managing Service Quality,2007,17(1):74-91．
[3] Adler P S, Kwon S. Social capital: Prospects for a new concept [J]. Academy ofManagement Review.2002.27(1):17-40.
[4] Allen D.Small Business Incubators and Enterprise Development[M]. Athens, OH:National Business Incubation Association,1985.
[5] Allen W D. Social networks and self-employment [J]. Journal of Social-Economics,2000,29(5):487-501.
[6] Andreas W O. B hringer．Knowledge specialization and transfer：A knowledge basedframework for business incubation．DRUID Summer Conference2006.Copenhagen,Denmark, June18-20,2006．
[7] Aruna Chandra．Approaches to Business Incubation: A Comparative Study of the UnitedStates, China and Brazil[D]．Working Paper，Networks Financial Institute at IndianaState University，November2007．
[8] Batjargal. Effects of Social Capital on Entrepreneurial Performance in Russia[J], inReynolds, P. et al (eds.), Frontiers of Entrepreneurship Research, Babson College, Mass,2001:34-37.
[9] Bergek A, Norrman C. Incubator best Practice: a framework [J].Technovation，2008,28(4):20-28.
[10]Bian Y. Bringing strong ties back in: Indirect ties, network bridges, and job searches inChina [J].American Sociological Review,1997,62(3):366-385
[11]Bollingtoft A, Ulhoi J P. The networked incubator-leveraging entrepreneurialagency[J].Journal of Business Venturing，2005,2(20):265-290．
[12]Boorman S A. Combinatorial Optimization Model for the Transmission of JobInformation through Contact Networks [J]. Bell Journal of Economics,1975,6(1):216-249.
[13]Borg E A. Problem Shifts and Market Research: The Roles of Networks in BusinessRelationships[J],Scandinavian Journal of Management,1991,7(4):285-295.
[14]Brooks O J. Economic Development through Entrepreneurship: Incubators and theIncubation Process [J].Economic Development Review,1986,4(2):24-29.
[15]Buche M W, Scillitoe J. L．Influence of gender and social networks on organizationallearning within technology incubators[J]．Journal of Business,2007,23(5):59-68,．
[16]Burt R S. Structure Holes: the Social Structure of Competition [M]. Cambridge: HarvardUniversity Press,1992:176-179.
[17]Burt R S. The contingent value of social capital [J]. Administrative Science Quarterly,1997,42(3):339-365.
[18]Campbell C, Allen D N.1987.The Small Business Incubator Industry: Micro-levelEconomic Development [J].Economic Development Quarterly,1987,1(2):178-191.
[19]Chan K F,Theresa Lau. Assessing technology incubator programs in the Science park:the good, the bad and the ugly[J].Technovation,2005,25(10):1215-1228.
[20]Chandler A D. Franco Amatori Takashi Uikino. Big Business and the Wealth of Nations,Cambridge University Press,1997.
[21]Charles G, Bamford E. Creating a Technology-Based Entrepreneurial Economy: AResource Based Theory Perspective [J]. Journal of Technology Transfer,2005,30(4)：433-451．
[22]Chung J C.Technology Commereialization incubator and venture capital and newventure performance[J].Journal of Business Research,2009,62(3):93-103.
[23]Coleman J S. Social capital in the creation of human capital [J]. American Journal ofSociology,1988,94(2):95-120.
[24]Colombo M G, Delmastro M. How effective are technology incubators?[J].Evidencefrom Italy Research Policy,2002,31(7):1103-1122.
[25]Colombo M G. The changing boundaries of the firm: explaining evolving inter-firmrelations[M]. Psychology Press,1998.
[26]Colton R M, Undell. G. The National Science Foundations Innovation Centers. AnExperiment in Training Potential Entrepreneurs and Innovators [J]. In Journal of SmallBusiness Management,1976,8(2):14.
[27]Covin J, Slevin D. A conceptual Model of entrepreneurship as firm behavior,Entrepreneurship [J]，Theory and Practice,1991.
[28]Croom S, Watt A. Managing Operations Improvements through Relational Capabilitiesin the Context of Small-Firm Networks [J]. International Journal of Logistics: Research&Applications,2000,3(1):83-96.
[29]Culp R P. A test of business growth through analysis of a technology incubator program[D]. Atlanta: Georgia Institute of Technology,1996.
[30]Daood Hamdani. Conceptualizing and measuring business incubation StatisticsCanada.Working Paper,2006．
[31]David F. The Co-evolution of Business Incubators and National Incubator networks inEmerging Markets [J].Journal of Technology Management&Innovation，2010,5(3):1-14.
[32]Dennis M. Innovation Networks and Territorial Dynamics [D]. A Tentative Typology,1993.
[33]Dess, G., Beard, D., Dimensions of organizational task environments [J], AdministrativeScience Quarterly，1984，29(1)：52-73.
[34]Dill W R. Environment as an influence on managerial autonomy[J],AdministrativeScience Quarterly,1958,2.
[35]dimensions and research implications[J],Entrepreneurship Theory andPractice,1994,18(4):43-62.
[36]Duncan K D. Characteristics of organizational environments and perceivedenvironmental uncertainty [J]，Administrative Science Quarterly,1972,17(5):313-327.
[37]Dyer J H, Chu W. The Role of Trustworthiness in Reducing Transaction Costs andImproving Performance: Empirical Evidence from the United States, Japan, and Korea[J]. Organization Science,2003,14(1):57-68.
[38]Dyer J H, Nobeoka K. Creating and managing a high-performance knowledge-sharingnetwork: The Toyota case [J]. Strategic Management Journal,2000,21(3):345-367.
[39]Dyer J H, Singh H. The Relational View: Cooperative Strategy and Sources of Interorganizational Competitive Advantage [J]. Academy of Management Review,1998,23(4):660-679.
[40]Emery F E, Trist E L. The causal texture of organizational environments [J], HumanRelations,1965,18(1):21-32
[41]Erlewine M, Gerl E. A comprehensive guide to business incubation (Completely rev.2nd.)[J].Athens, Ohio: National Business Incubation Association,2004．
[42]Frank T. Rothaermel M T.Incubator firm failure or graduation? The role of universitylinkages[J].Research Policy，2005,(34):1076-1090.
[43]Freeman C. The Economics of Technical Change [J]. Cambridge Journal of Economics,1994,18(8):463-514.
[44]Freeman C.Network of Innovations：Synthesis of Research Issues[J].Research Policy，1991,20(2):499-514．
[45]Gartner W B. A conceptual framework for describing the phenomenon of firm creation[J].The Academy of Management Review,1995,10(4):696-709.
[46]Gassmann O, Becker B. Towards A Resource-Based View of Corporate Incubaiors[J].International Journal of Innovation Management,2006,10(1):19-45.
[47]Gnyawali D R, Foge1D S. Environments for entrepreneurship development:key
[48]Granovetter M S. Economic Action and Social Structure: the Problem of Embeddedness[J].American Journal of Sociology,1985,91(3):481-510.
[49]Granovetter M S. The Strength of Weak ties. American Journal of Sociology [J].1973,78(6):1360-1380.
[50]Granovetter M S. The strength of weak ties: A network theory revisited [M]. BeverlyHills, CA: Safe,1982:103-130.
[51]Gulati R, Gargiulo M. Where Do International Networks Come From [J].AmericanJournal of Sociology,1999,104(5):1439-1493.
[52]Gulati R, Nohria N, Zaheer A. Strategic Networks [J].Strategic Management Journa1,2000,14(3):203-215.
[53]Gulati R. Alliances and networks [J]. Strategic Management Journal, Special Issue,1998,19(4):293-317.
[54]Gulati R. Nohria N, Zaheer A. Strategic networks [J]. Strategic Management Journal,2000,21(3):203-215.
[55]Haiqing H, Dan Zhang, Min Zhang. The Research on Business Incubation DynamicNetwork Model Based On Knowledge Transfer[C].2009International Conference onInformation Management, Innovation Management and Industrial Engineering.276-281.
[56]Hakanson S. Business networks [M].1London: Routledge Press,1995.
[57]Hansen M T, Chesbrough H W, Nohria N, Sull D N. Networked Incubators [J]. HarvardBusiness Review,2000,78(5):74-84.
[58]Hansen M T. The search-transfer problem: the role of weak ties in sharing knowledgeacross organization subunits [J]. Administrative Science Quarterly,1999,44(1):82-111.
[59]Hansson F, Husted K. Second generation science parks: from structural holes jockeys tosocial capital catalysts of the knowledge society [J]. Technovation,2005,25(9):1039-1049.
[60]Henrekson M, Rosenberg N.Designing Efficient Institutions for Science-BasedEntrepreneurship：Lesson from the US and Sweden [J]. Journal of Technology Transfer，2001,26(3):207-231.
[61]Hoang H, Kothaermel F T. The effect of general and partner-specific allianceexperience on joint R&D project performance [J]. Academy of Management Journal,2005,48(2):332-345.
[62]Hoang H, Kothaermel F T. The effect of general and partner-specific alliance experienceon joint R&D project performance [J].Academy of Management Journal,2005,48(2):332-345.
[63]Hongseok O H, Labianca C, Myung-Ho C.A Multilevel Model of Group Social Capital[J]. Academy of Management Review,2006,31(3):569-582
[64]Hongwei Wang，Dechang Lin，Hong Yin，Qiang Lu，Haiqing Cheng．Linking IncubatorServices to the Performance of Incubated Firms：A Review[C]．2008IEEE ICMIT，894-899．
[65]Ireland R D, Hitt M, Vaidyanath D. Alliance Management as a Source of CompetitiveAdvantage [J]. Journal of Management,2002,28(3):413-446.
[66]Jarill J C. On Strategic Networks [J].Strategic Management Journal,1988,13(1):31-41.
[67]Joanne L. Scillitoe, Alok K.Chakrabarti. The role of incubator Interactions in assistingnew ventures[J].Technovation,2009,30(3):155-167.
[68]Jones C, Hesterly S W, Borgatti P S. A general theory of network governance: Exchangeconditions and social mechanisms[J].Academy of Management Review,1997,22(4):42-44.
[69]Justin D. Effects of Environmental Munificence, Dynamism, and Complexity onPrincipal Agent Contracts [J],2003.
[70]Justin Tan, Perceived environment, Strategy orientation, ownership effect andimplication in a transition economy: an empirical study in the Peoples Republic ofChina[D],Doctoral dissertation of:Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University,1993.
[71]Kang Kai，Wei Xuguang, Zhang Jie. The Research of the Dimensions of GovernancePerformance in Network Organizations[C].2009International Conference onInformation Management, Innovation Management and Industrial Engineering,410-413.
[72]Ketchen D J, Thomas J B, Snow C C. Organizational Configurations and performance：A Comparison of Theoretical Approaches[J]．Academy of Management Journal，1993，136(6):1278-1313．
[73]Lalkaka R. Business Incubators as a means to small enterprise creation and growth[C].International Small Business Congress,1994.
[74]Larson A. Network dyads in entrepreneurial settings: A study of the governance ofexchange relationships [J].Administrative Science Quarterly,1992,37(1):76-104.
[75]Leora R, Asaf D. Technological incubators and the social construction of innovationnetworks: an Israeli case study[J].Technovation2005,25(2):59-67.
[76]Lin Dechang, Lu Qiang，Wang Hongwei．Service Innovation Based on Operationalmodel: a Case of Business Incubator[C].7th International Conference on Service Systemsand Service Management,2010．
[77]Lin N, Ensel W M, Vaughn J C. Social resources and strength of ties: Structural factorsin occupational status attainment [J]. American Sociological Review,1981,46(4):393-405.
[78]Lindelof P, Lofsten H. Growth, management and financing of new technology-basedfirms-assessing value-added contributions of firms located on and off Science Parks[J].Omega-international journal of management science,2002,30(3):143-154.
[79]Lofsten H, Lindelof P. R&D networks and product innovation patterns-acadenuc andnon-academic new technology-based firms on Science Parks[J].Technovation,2005,25(9):1025-1037.
[80]Longenecker J G, Moore C W, Petty J W Small BusinessManagement: An Entrepreneurial Emphasis[M]. Cincinnati: South-western Pub,1991.
[81]Louis G, Tornatzky, Paul G. Waugaman, and Denis O. Gray. Innovation U: NewUniversity Roles in a Knowledge Economy[R], A Southern Policies Growth BoardReport, Research Triangle Park,NC,2002
[82]Lumpkin G T, Dess G G, Linking two dimensions of entrepreneurial orientation to firmerformance: The moderating role of environment and industry life cycle [J], Journal ofBusiness Venturing,2001,16(5):429-451.
[83]Macadam M, Marlow S．A preliminary investigation into networking activities withinthe university incubator[J]．Journal of Entrepreneurial Behaviour&Research，2008,14(4):219-241．
[84]Manju K A, Kathleen M C. Network Structure in Virtual Origination.http://jcmc.indiana.edu/vol3/issue4/ahuja.html．
[85]Marina V G, Danny S. Growth of Technology Incubators: An EvolutionaryPerspective[J].Technological Innovation Across Nations,2009,14(2):141-158．
[86]Mark P R. Co-production of business assistance in business incubators Anexploratory study[J].Journal of Business Venturing,2002,17(2):163-187.
[87]Masahiko A. The Contingent Governance of Team： Analysis of InstitutionalComplimentarily[J]．International Economic Review，1995,35(3)：582-614．
[88]McEvily B, Marcus A. Bridging ties: A source of firm heterogeneity in competitivecapabilities[J].Strategic Management Journal,1999,20(12):1133-1156.
[89]McEvily B, Marcus A. Embedded ties and the acquisition of competitive capabilities [J].Strategic Management Journal,2005,26(5):1033-1055.
[90]Mian S. Are university technology incubators providing a milieu foruniversity-sponsored entrepreneurship [J].Technology Management,1994,1(3):86-93.
[91]Mian S. Assessing Value Added Contributions of University Technology BusinessIncubators to Tenant Firms[J].Research Policy,1996,25(2):325-335.
[92]Michael S, Christoph H. Specialization as strategy for business incubators: Anassessment of the Central German Multimedia Center [J]. Technovation,2008,28(5):436-449.
[93]Min Zhang, Renguo Jiang. Empirical Research on Business Incubation NetworkingOperation and the Incubation Performance[C]. International Conference on InformationManagement, Innovation Management and Industrial Engineering.2009.
[94]Mitchell J C. The concept and use of social Networks[A]，in social network in UrbanSituations. Edited by J.C. Mitchell Manchester, Eng: Manchester University Press,1969.
[95]Mohsen A, Khali E O. Enabling Innovative Entrepreneurship through BusinessIncubation． Augusto López-Claros， The Innovation for Development Report（2009–2010）:69-84．
[96]Nareatha L S. The effectiveness of entrepreneurial firm's knowledge acquisition from abusiness incubator[J]，Int Entrep Manag J,2006,18(2):211-225.
[97]Nielsen C C, Snow J U. New Approaches to Organization Design：Theory and Practiceof Adaptive Enterprises[J]． Information and Organization Design Series,2009,8(1):23-40．
[98]Nohria N, Eccles R. Networks and Organizations: Structure, Form and Action [C].Harvard University Press, Boston, MA,1992.
[99]Nohria N, Eccles R.Networks and Organizations: Structure, Form, and action[J].Harvard Business School Press, Boston: MA,1992:198-203.
[100] Peng M W, Organizational changes in planned economies in transition: An eclecticmodel, Advances in International Comparative Management [J],1994,9:223-252.
[101] Peter V, Marsden K, Lin N. Social Structure and Network Analysis[C]. CA: Sage,1982:131-145.
[102] Piero M. Industrial Clusters, Knowledge Integration and Performance [J].WorldDevelopment,2004,3(2):305-326.
[103] Plosila W, Allen D.Small business incubators and public policy: Implications forstates and local development strategies[J].Policy Studies Journal,1985,13(2):729-734.
[104] Pngps V V. Structuring co-operative relationships between organizations[J].Strategic Management Journal,1992,5(13):56-59.
[105] Powell W W. Neither market nor hierarchy: network forms of organization. In B.M.Staw and LL Cummings (eds.), Research in organization behavior [J], Greenwich, CT:JAI Press,1990,12(2):295-336.
[106] Rice M P. Co-production of Business Assistance in Business Incubators:An Exploratory Study [J].Journal of Business Venturing，2002,17(3):163-187.
[107] Richard G B. The Organization of Industry[J]. Economic Journal,1972,8(2):883-896.
[108] Roberts E, Hauptman D. The Process of Technology Transfer to the NewBiomedical and Pharmaceutical Firm [J]. Research Policy,1986,15(3):107-190.
[109] Rosa G, Alessandro G. Business incubators and new venture creation: anassessment of incubating models[J].Technovation,2005,25(3):111-121.
[110] Rothschild L,Darr A.Technological incubators and the social construction ofinnovation networks: an Israeli case study[J]．Technovation,2005,25(1):59–69.
[111] Rowley T, Behrens D, Krackhardt D. Redundant governance structures: Ananalysis of structural and relational embeddedness in the steel and semiconductorindustries [J]. Strategic Management Journal,2000, Special Issue21(3):369-286.
[112] Sampson R C. Experience effects and collaborative returns in R&D alliances [J].Strategic Management Journal,2005,26(11):1009-1031
[113] Sarfraz A M. Assessing value-added contributions of university technologybusiness incubators to tenant firms[J].Research Policy,1996(25):325-335.
[114] Schwartz M, Hornych C. Specialization as strategy for business incubators:An assessment of the Central German Multimedia Center[J]. Technovation,2008,28(7):436-449.
[115] Scilitoe J L, Chakrabarti A K. The role of incubator interactions in assisting newventures [J]. Technovation,2010,30(03):155-167.
[116] Scott W. Organizations: Rational, Natural, and Open Systems [J],(3rd ed.).Englewwod Cliffi NJ: Prentic Hall.1992.
[117] Sean M H, David M D. A Systematic Review of Business Incubation Research[J].Journal of Technology Transfer.2004,29(1):55-82.
[118] Seibert S E, Kraimer M L, Liden R C. A social capital theory of career success [J].Academy of management journal,2001,44(2):222-234.
[119] Shan W, Walker Q, Kogut B. Interfirm cooperation and startup innovation in thebiotechnology industry[J]. Strategic Management Journal,1994,15(3):387-394.
[120] Smilor R W. Commercializing technology through new business incubator [J].Research Management,1987,30(5):36-41.
[121] Smilor R, Gill J M.The New Business Incubator: Linking Talent,Technology andKnow-How[M].Lexington, MA:Lexington Books,1986.
[122] Smilor R. Managing the Incubator System: Critical Success Factors to AccelerateNew Company Development [J].IEEE Transactions on Engineering Management,1987,34(4):146-156.
[123] Somsuk N, Punnakitikashem P, Laosirihongthong T．Determining Enabling Factorsof University Technology Business[C]． IEEE IEEM，2010．
[124] Specht P H. Munificence and carrying capability of the environment andorganization formation[J].Entrepreneurship Theory and Practice.1993,4(2):77-86.
[125] Sproull L, Kiesler S. Connections.Cambridge [M]. MA: MIT Press,1991:187-201.
[126] Tangen S. Performance measurement: from philosophy to practice [J].InternationalJournal of productivity and Performance Management,2009.53(8):726-737.
[127] Thorelli H B, Networks: Between Markets and Hierarchies [J], StrategicManagement Journal,1986,7（3）:37-51.
[128] Tiago R, Elsa H. The role of science parks incubators Technovation in convergingcountries: Evidence from and business Portugal [J].2010,4(30):278-290
[129] Udell G.Are Business Incubators Really Creating New Jobs by Creating NewBusinesses and New Products [J].Journal of Product InnovationManagement,1990,7(2):108-122.
[130] Uzzi B. Social Structure and Competition in Inter firm Networks: The Paradox ofEmbeddedness [J]. Administrative Science Quarterly,1997,42(1):35-67
[131] Uzzi B. The sources and consequences of embeddedness for the economicperformance of organizations: The network effect [J]. American Sociological Review,1996,61(4):674-698
[132] Van D A W, Elfring T. Realizing innovation in services [J]. Scandinavian Journal ofManagement,2002,18(2):155-171.
[133] Voisey P, Gornall L, Jones P, Thomas B.The measurement of success in a businessincubation project[J]. Journal of Small Bisiness and Enterprise Development,2006.13(3):454-468.
[134] Watanabe S. Microelectronics, automation, and employment in the automobileindustry [M]. Wiley Press,1987:112-119.
[135] Williamson O E, The Economic Institutions of Capitalism [M],New York: FreePress,1985.
[136] Zahra S A, Bogner W C. Technology strategy and software new venturesperformance: exploring the moderating effect of competitive environment [J], Journal ofBusiness Venturing，2000，15(2):135-173.
[137]爱迪思（Adizes Ichak），赵睿.企业生命周期[M].北京：华夏出版社,2004.
[138]奥村宏.日本六大企业集团[M].1981,辽宁人民出版社.
[139]边伟军,罗公利.市科技企业孵化器建设现状与未来选择[J].科技管理研究，2010,10(3):61-63.
[140]曹细玉.企业孵化器孵化能力评价研究[J].科技进步与对策.2001,18(6):13-14.
[141]常林朝，邵俊岗.基于资源外取的企业孵化器开放式运行模式研究[J].科技进步
[142]陈健.中国科技企业孵化器网络化发展的探讨[J].情报探索，2004，22(4):69-73.
[143]陈栗．企业孵化器与技术创新——作为-种政策工具的企业孵化器的研究[D].厦门大学，2006．
[144]池仁勇.美口创业环境比较研究[J].外国经济与管理，2002,9(3):13-19.
[145]迟树功,杨渤海.企业集团发展规模经济研究[M].经济科学出版社,2000.
[146]党兴国．技术创新网络绩效评价研究[D]．西安理工大学，2010．
[147]丁坤，凌国平.企业孵化器——国际的经验与我国的发展[J].国际商务研究，2003,21(5):19-24.
[148]范建红．企业间网络组织绩效研究[D]．山西财经大学，2006．
[149]范旭，方-兵.区域创新系统中高校与政府和企业互动的五种典型模式[J].中国科技论坛，2004,8(1):66-70.
[150]高天光.孵化器内企业集群的知识溢出问题[J].科学学与科学技术管理，2006，21(6):145-147.
[151]葛传斌,池仁勇.科技孵化器在催生区域创新网络形成中的作用[J].科学管理研究,2003,21(6):18-21.
[152]顾江.规模经济论[M].中国农业出版社,2001.
[153]广东省人民政府关于促进中小企业平稳健康发展的意见[Z].粤府[2008]104号，2008,12.
[154]郝宇，罗永泰.“新木桶理论”与动态战略联盟[J].城市，2003(2):3-5.
[155]侯合银，葛芳芳.科技企业孵化器可持续发展研究:文献综述与研究框架设计[J].系统科学学报，2010,25(1):13-18.
[156]黄泰岩，牛飞亮.西方企业网络理论与企业家的成长[J].中国工业经济，1999,24(2):75-78.
[157]稽登科.企业网络对企业技术创新绩效的影响研究[D].硕士学位论文，浙江大学，2006.
[158]贾蓓妮.应用基于投入-产出理念的AHP法评价孵化器绩效[J].科研管理，2009,25(S1):184-189.
[159]贾静析.对我国企业孵化器中介服务功能的几点思考[J].牡丹江大学学报，2007,35(12):78-79.
[160]贾新春.科技企业孵化器商业资源的网络化[J].中国高新区,2005,30(2):37-38.
[161]姜蕾.虚拟科技孵化器的运营模式研究[D].大连:大连理工大学，2005.
[162]姜明辉，牛晓姝.政府在区域创新网络中的角色定位[J].学习与探索，2005,28(4):214-216.
[163]蒋勤峰，田晓明，王重鸣.企业动态能力测量之实证研究—以270家孵化器入孵企业为例[J].科学学研究，2008，26(3):604-611.
[164]今井贤-,小宫隆太郎,陈晋,随清远译.《现代日本企业制度》[M].1995,经济科学出版社.
[165]金加林,李玲,刘喜华.高新技术产业孵化器模式的比较选择研究[J].科学管理研究,2004,22(3):76-79.
[166]景俊海.科技企业成长与企业孵化器[M].西安:西北工业大学出版社，1998.
[167]乐文．摇摆的天平—中国高新区内孵化器的制度特征、单位特性及其变革[J]．上海:科技创业,2002,30(14):95－97.
[168]李岱松,张革,黎朝辉.企业孵化器绩效评价研究[J].北京工业大学学报(社会科学版),2008,8(2):23-27.
[169]李刚,张玉臣,陈德棉.孵化器支撑环境研究[J].科学与科学技术管理,2001,22(6):23-25.
[170]李恒光.孵化器绩效评价体系中的要素与过程分析[J].科学管理研究.2007,25(1):45-48.
[171]李恒光.国内外科技企业孵化器绩效评价理论研究综述[J].广东行政学院学报，2007,19(6):67-72.
[172]李恒光.基于3C的科技企业孵化器动态绩效评价模型[J].辽东学院学报(社会科学版)，2007，9(6):175-179.
[173]李恒光.科技企业孵化器绩效评价理论研究综述[J].辽东学院学报(社会科学版)，2008,10(4):41-46.
[174]李恒光.科技企业孵化器内涵界定的理论梳理[J].辽东学院学报(社会科学版)，2007,9(4):38-43.
[175]李宏立，武庆良.高新区科技企业孵化器发展成因分析[J].科技管理研究，2011,31(4):104-107.
[176]李宏立.切实推进科技企业孵化器可持续发展[J].企业导报，2011,(1):68-70.
[177]李焕荣，林建.战略网络的结构、类型、构成要素和功能研究[J].科学学与科学技术管理，2004,30(6):70-74.
[178]李磊，王信东.论科技企业孵化器对促进城市产业升级的功能[J].科技和产业，2011,11(01):1-6.
[179]李晓燕．基于数据包络分析的标杆管理理论与应用研究[D]．南京理工大学，2010．
[180]李振华，赵黎明.科技企业孵化器的网络化发展研究[J].科技管理研究，2007，27(11):49-51.
[181]李志能，张洁，郁义鸿.美国孵化器的发展沿革[J].上海经济研究，2000，15(7):38-44.
[182]林德昌，陆强，王红卫.科技企业孵化器服务能力因素分析及服务创新对策—基于对全国百余名孵化器高层管理人员的调查[J].科学学与科学技术管理，2010,31(7):146-153.
[183]林德昌，陆强，王红卫.科技企业孵化器服务评价与服务需求实证分析[J].科技进步与对策，2010,27(23):122-127.
[184]林竞君.网络、嵌入性与集群生命周期研究[D].上海：复旦大学,2005.6.
[185]林强.基于新创企业绩效决定要素的高科技企业孵化机制研究[D].北京：清华大学，2003.
[186]林润辉，李维安.网络组织:更具环境适应能力的新型组织模式[J].南开管理评论,2000,3(3):10-15.
[187]林润辉.网络组织与企业高成长[M].天津:南开大学出版社，2004..
[188]刘丙泉，梁静国，吴玉桐.区域孵化器网络绩效的模糊群决策[J].华东经济管理，2008，22(10):36-39.
[189]刘春霞.中国孵化企业融资体系研究[D].武汉:武汉大学，2005.
[190]刘担.“一个硅谷”：美国的启示[J].世界知识2000,3(16):31-33.
[191]刘禾.地方政府公共政策对高新技术企业成长环境影响的研究—杭州高新区高新企业为例[D].杭州:浙江大学，2007.
[192]刘平.科技企业孵化器网络行为与孵化绩效的关系研究[D].浙江大学管理学院硕士学位论文,2012.
[193]刘小韬.武汉市科技企业孵化器融资体系研究[D].合肥:合肥工业大学，2009.
[194]刘晓英．虚拟科技孵化网络构建研究[D].大连：大连理工大学，2006．
[195]刘艳莉.我国科技企业孵化器发展存在的问题及对策[J].边疆经济与文化，2011,8(4):15-16.
[196]刘元芳，陈衍泰，余建星.中国企业技术联盟中创新网络与创新绩效的关系分析—来自江浙沪闽企业的实证研究[J].科学学与科学技术管理,，2006，22(8):52-59
[197]鲁斯坦.拉卡卡，丁亚.拉卡卡.科技企业孵化器[M].上海：上海科学技术文献出版社,2006.
[198]吕娟娟.科技企业孵化器融资体系研究[D].苏州:江苏大学，2007.
[199]罗仲伟.网络组织的特征及其经济和区域发展理论[J].外国经济与管理，2000,22(6):25-28.
[200]马凤岭.科技企业孵化器理论与实务[M].北京:科技文献出版社，2008.
[201]马克.P.雷斯，金娜.B.马休斯.成功企业孵化器的原则与实践[M].西安：西北大学出版社，1997.
[202]迈克尔·迪屈奇.交易成本经济学--关于公司的新的经济意义[M].北京，经济科学出版社,1999.
[203]明大军.以色列的科技企业孵化器[J].瞭望，2004,35(9)：52-53.
[204]彭正银.网络治理:理论的发展与实践的效用[J].经济管理·新管理，200218(8):240-245.
[205]钱德勒.企业规模经济与范围经济[M].北京：中国社会科学出版社，1999.
[206]钱平凡.李志能.孵化器运作的国际经验与我国孵化器产业的发展对策[J].管理世界，2000，8(6):78-84.
[207]乔颖，王永杰，陈光.研究型大学在区域创新系统中的地位与作用[J].科学学与科学技术管理，2002,23(6):47-49.
[208]青木昌彦，钱颖一．转轨经济中的公司治理结构：内部人控制与银行的作用
[M]．北京：中国经济出版社，1995．
[209]冉进财，厉伟.科技企业孵化器网络化组织的发展及运作模式探讨[J].煤炭工程，2006，45(9):105-107.
[210]阮平南，宋晋娜.基于战略网络的企业关系分析[J].企业经济，2007,35(7):52-65.
[211]施定国，刘凤朝.城市科技企业孵化器体系功能实现机制[J].软科学研究，2003，12(4):18-22.
[212]石泉.完善科技企业孵化器服务功能机制建设研究—以山东省科技企业孵化器为例[J].软科学，2006,23(6):93-96.
[213]宋建学，李静，李雪梅.市场经济条件下我国企业孵化器可持续发展问题研究[J].技术经济，2005,5(2):10-13.
[214]宋清．创业企业孵化机制研究——利益主体协调与激励的视角[M]．北京：北京理工大学出版社，2009．
[215]孙国强，范建红．网络组织治理机制与绩效的典型关系研究[J]．经济管理，2005，31(12)，50-55．
[216]孙国强.网络组织的内涵、特征与构成要素[J].南开管理评论，2001，4(4):26-28.
[217]孙晓玲.企业技术创新网络治理机制研究[M].成都:西南财经大学出版社，2008,7.
[218]谭开明，魏世红.美国科技孵化器网络发展演进及启示[J].科技管理研究，2007,27(4):58-59.
[219]汪铭泉.集群企业跨区域发展的机制及模式研究[D].浙江大学管理学院博士学位论文，2009，4.
[220]王柏轩，刘小元.网络组织与科技企业孵化器的运行研究[J].技术与创新管理，2005，20（26）:130-135.
[221]王大洲.企业创新网络的进化与治理：一个文献综述[J].科研管理，2001,22(5):96-103.
[222]王国红，安宁，唐丽艳.区域孵化器网络的生成动因与构建研究[J].科学学与科学技术管理，2007，28(4):135-137.
[223]王会龙，池仁勇.区域科技孵化网络的构建及其创新效应[J].中国软科学，2004，18(4):210-215.
[224]王剑.基于聚集经济的FDI区位选择研究[D].南京：东南大学，2006.
[225]王荣.科技企业孵化器发展的网络化和国际化[R].中国科技企业孵化器发展报告，2003.
[226]王荣.上海科技企业孵化器网络建设实践探索[J].中国新技术新产品，2007，18(12):47-50.
[227]王卫东.企业孵化器发展的国际比较研究[J].科学学与科学技术管理，2006，27(2):161-164.
[228]韦影.企业社会资本对技术创新绩效的影响:基于吸收能力的视角[D].z浙江：浙江大学，2005.
[229]吴倩.科技企业孵化器融资机理与模式研究[D].武汉:武汉理工大学，2008.
[230]肖国瀚.基于SVM的创业企业孵化网络绩效评价研究[D]，华南理工大学硕士学位论文，2012.6.
[231]肖洪钧，王谦.大学资源在企业孵化器中的功能研究[J].辽宁教育研究，2002，8(11):18-21.
[232]谢洪明，刘跃所.战略网络、战略生态与企业的战略行为[J].科学管理研究,200524(2):33-36.
[233]熊胜绪，方晓波.我国科技企业孵化器服务能力研究[J].经济沦坛，2009,10(07):42-46.
[234]徐和平.产品创新网络中的信任与信任机制探讨[J].管理工程学报，2004，18(2):36-39.
[235]徐菱涓，刘宁晖.基于主成分分析法的科技企业孵化器绩效影响因素研究[J].科技进步与对策，2008,25(11):213-215.
[236]徐菱涓，王正新，李东.我国科技企业孵化器绩效评价的理论基础研究[J].科技政策与管理，2009,30(7):29-31.
[237]晏敬东,简利君,胡树华.科技企业孵化器管理绩效的评价指标体系设计[J].科学学与科学技术管理.2004,25(6):44-47.
[238]杨红燕.区域创新网络结点问题研究[D].成都:西南交通大学，2004.
[239]杨锐，黄国安.网络位置和创新-杭州手机产业集群的社会网络分析[J].工业技术经济，2005，15(7):31-37.
[240]杨瑞龙，周业安．相机治理与国有企业监控[J]．中国社会科学，1998，6(3)：7-17．
[241]杨瑞龙，朱春燕.网络与社会资本的经济学分析框架[J].学习与探索，2002，2(1):64-68.
[242]杨武斌.创业环境是创业成功的外部条件[[J].科技创业，2004,8(5):20-22.
[243]杨霞，池仁勇，王会龙，葛传斌，赵珍.实现区域孵化器网络化的制度困境及对策[J].中国软科学，2003，17(5):22-35.
[244]杨霞.实现区域孵化器网络化的制度困境及对策[J].软科学,2003,(5).
[245]杨鑫．产业集群治理绩效评价及其实证研究[D]．北京：中国地质大学，2008．
[246]叶飞，徐学军．基于虚拟企业的绩效协同模糊监控系统设计研究[J]．当代财经，2001,18(5)，34-40．
[247]殷群，郭渊静.企业孵化器发展的政府环境[J].南京邮电大学学报(社会科学版)，2008，10(4):37-40.
[248]尹红.科技企业孵化器绩效影响要素的研究[D].哈尔滨：哈尔滨工业大学，2009.
[249]于忠军.企业孵化器的可持续发展研究[D].青岛:山东科技大学，2005.
[250]与对策，2007，24(10):24-27.
[251]曾鑫,赵黎明“.科技企业孵化器、风险投资、创业企业”三方合作网络研究[J].中国科技论坛,2011(8):62-66.
[252]张波.孵化网络对入孵企业创业绩效的影响研究[D].长沙：中南大学商学院,2010.
[253]张广玲，邬金涛.分销渠道管理[M].武昌:武汉大学出版社，2005.
[254]张鹤达.基于资源观的IT能力对企业绩效影响机制研究[D].长春：吉林大学管理学院，2008.
[255]张建华，欧志明.企业网络组织的生成:中小企业发展的新思路[J].中国地质大学学报(社会科学版)，2003，3(1):46-50.
[256]张景安,张超英.我国科技企业孵化器发展的回顾与展望——为科技产业化插上腾飞的翅膀[EB/OL].http://www.hi-tech.chinaqingdao.net/uni/www.chinatorch.gov.cn/luntan/artic al04.htm.1999-6-22.
[257]张礼建,郑荣娟,程乐.科技企业孵化器孵化绩效评价指标体系构造[J].重庆大学学报.2006,29(3):147-151.
[258]张力.孵化器绩效差异的内在机理研究[D].武汉：华中科技大学，2010.
[259]张维迎．所有权、治理结构与委托代理关系——兼评崔之元及周其仁的一些观点[J]．经济研究，1996，5(9)：7-21．
[260]张炜，李嘉.科技企业孵化器社会网络创业模式运行机制研究—以西安高新区创业服务中心为例[J].科技进步与对策，2008，25(12):18-21.
[261]张炜,邢潇.科技企业孵化器服务项目与服务绩效关系实证研究[J].科学学与科学技术管理，2006，27(4):159-164.
[262]张锡宝.网络型孵化器及其对我国科技孵化器发展的启示[J].科技管理研究，2007，20(9):67-68.
[263]张喜征，单泪源.基于事件驱动的中小科技企业孵化器知识共享机制研究[J].科学学与科学技术管理，2008，28(4):92-95.
[264]张永安.基于大学科技创新资源的企业孵化器网络系统结构与作用机制研究[D].教育部重点课题，2010.
[265]张玉利，陈立新.中小企业创业的核心要素与创业环境分析[J].经济界，2004(3):29-34.
[266]张峥.我国企业孵化器建设融资方式研究[D].武汉:武汉大学，2004.
[267]赵佳宝.西方企业解化器理论研究[J].管理工程学报，2003，12(4):100-102.
[268]赵景来.关于治理理论若干问题讨论综述[J].世界经济与政治,2002,14(3):58-62.
[269]赵黎明,张玉洁.基于网络治理的科技企业孵化器网络与单创投合作研究[J].科学学与科学技术管理,2012,33(3):18-23.
[270]周寄中，陈立新，胡志坚.设计高技术产业集群[J].科学学与科学技术管理，2003，24(6):44-47.
[271]周建华，段浪.城市科技企业孵化器网络形成与演变研究[J].经济地理，2011,31(3):443-456.
[272]周建华.企业孵化器网络构建与绩效评价研究[D].长沙：中南大学商学院，2011.
[273]周如田.科技企业孵化器融资模式探讨[J].市场周刊(理论研究)，2009,23(3):21-23.
[274]邹伟进，郑凌云.中国企业孵化器网络化演进：基于网络治理理论分析[J].中国地质大学学报：社会科学版,2010,10(1):104-109.