青岛市崂山区北宅街道办事处污水处理规划方案研究
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摘要
青岛市崂山区北宅街道办事处地处闻名全国的崂山国家级风景名胜区，在青岛市重要的水源保护地—崂山水库的上游，地理位置优越而特殊。长期以来，为保护生活饮用水源地的水质不受污染，保护风景名胜区不可再生的自然资源，北宅各方面发展受到极大的限制，放弃了很多发展机会，导致经济发展严重落后于周边区、市。如何合理有效地解决北宅水污染问题，处理好保护与发展的关系，寻求解决的方案是本文研究的核心。
本文作者长期在崂山区从事环保工作，多次参与市、区两级政府对北宅污水处理问题的专题讨论，积累了较丰富的第一手资料和实践经验，逐步形成了解决北宅污水处理问题的方案。
特殊而优越的地理位置是北宅污水问题引起各方面高度重视的根本原因。作者在深入分析市、区各类发展规划及大量调查研究资料的前提下，充分结合当地实际情况，确定了以原住民外迁模式为核心的污水治理路线，初步确定了建设五个集中居住点的外迁模式。进而围绕该模式对污水水质、水量、处理设施设计参数等进行了详细计算，制定出今后20年内北宅污水处理的规划设计与实施方案；并结合目前较成熟的污水处理工艺对现状治理、近期方案进行了工艺选型及运行管理方式等方面的专题研究。
论文第一部分分析了北宅水污染现状及解决水污染课题的由来，阐述了课题研究的目的和现实意义，重点说明了北宅污水处理问题解决与否将对崂山水库饮用水源地，北九水风景区保护区，及张村河综合治理工程产生的重要影响。并针对北宅污水的特点，用较大篇幅讨论了小型污水设施的产生、发展历史、运行管理上存在的问题及原因分析，为实际解决北宅污水问题作了铺垫。
课题分析首先从自然条件、人口分布、旅游资源、基础设施建设、社会经济发展几个部分概况总结了北宅的现状及存在问题，说明了合理有效地解决北宅水污染问题是促进北宅经济发展的关键。通过对各类发展规划的分析和北宅自身因素的剖析，找出了制约解决北宅污水问题的因素，为下一步有的放矢的解决问题创造了条件。其次，重点分析了北宅污水产生的三个主要来源，即经营行业污水、当地居民生活污水、农业污染源。并对排污量进行初步估算，得出北宅污水排放
占岛市螃山区北宅街道办事处污水处理规划方案研究
现状水量小、高度分散、以生活污水为主的三个特点。
在课题分析的基础上，第三部分对小型污水处理设施应用于北宅水污染治理
的可行性进行了论证。首先对小型污水处理设施的特点、应用范围、定位、BOT
模式在小型污水处理设施投资建设方面的应用等几方面内容作了简明扼要的论
述，分析了小型污水处理设施应用于北宅污水处理工程的可行性:其次，对目前
应用的几种小型污水处理工艺的特点、应用范围、工艺流程从投资、运行费用、
处理效果等几方面进行了对比，从中确定采用以SBR法为核心工艺的小型污水处
理工艺实际应用于北宅的污水处理领域，并进而对小型污水处理设施的基本形
式、总体布局、构筑物及设备作了简单的说明。
污水处理规划方案论述部分主要对规划年限、范围、目的、水量水质参数及
污水处理站的建设原则作了概括性论述;分别对北部景区污水处理方案、五龙河
凉泉河流域污水处理方案、张村河流域上游污水处理方案从污水量估算、处理设
施选型、投资估算、污水资源化利用等几方面作了详细论述，重点对现状治理提
出措施，对近期规划污水治理方案进行了论证。其次，又从政策扶持、责任明确、
监督管理三方面对BOT模式在北宅污水处理领域的具体应用作了简明论证。
通过分析研究，论文结论部分对治理北宅水污染的重要性、迫切性，及采用
小型污水处理设施可行性，北宅污水处理规划方案等内容作了概括总结。
Qingdao Laoshan District Beizhai Subdistrict is located in the famous national scenic spots of Laoshan aid is adjacent to Laoshan Reservoir, an important water source protection zone of Qingdao. The location of the subdistrict is favorable and special. In order to protect the water source and tourism resources in the scenic spots, Beizhai had to abandon many opportunities to develop and many industries were restricted for that for a long time. A reasonable settlement of domestic and industrial sewage is the key to the relationship of protection and development. In the paper, the above problems were discussed and a solution scheme was put forward.
I has engaged in environmental protection of Laoshan District for a long period of time and participated in many seminars on Beizhai sewage treatment, so I accumulated abundant first-hand data and rich experiences for the frame of solution.
The favorable and special location is the main reason of so much concern on sewage treatment of Beizhai. Firstly, on the basis of systematically analysis on a vast amount of research data and local conditions, a sewage treatment model was defined. The key of the model is constructing five residential centers and making the indigenes move out. Secondly, water quality and flow quantity were discussed and parameters of treatment facility elaborately were calculated. According to the above research, a 20 years' plan of Beizhai sewage treatment was put forward. Thirdly, I made several monographic studies on improvement of present situations, countermeasure plan for close future, selection of technologies and management ways.
In the first part of this thesis, the current situations of this area, the origin of the topic and the aims and significances of this program were
expounded. A lot of words were used to illustrate the influence of Beizhai sewage project on Laoshan reservoir, Bei Jiushui Resort and the project of Zhangcun River. In the light of sewage of Beizhai, the history of small-scale sewage treatment facility, analyses of the problems in running and the reason of that were introduced in this part of the paper.
In the second part, the background of the program was analyzed. On the basis of the survey of Beizhai natural, social and economic general situations, the valid resolution of the problem of sewage was concluded the key of development of Beizhai. Firstly, all kinds of plans and self-conditions of Beizhai were analyzed and the main restriction components were found out. Secondly, the three main sewage origins in Beizhai including industrial sewage, domestic sewage and agricultural sewage were analyzed. The total sewage quantity was preliminarily estimated , three characteristics of sewage drainage were found out to be small-quantity, highly scattered and domestic.
On the basis of the above analysis, the third part makes a feasible demonstration of applying of small-seals sewage treatment facilities into Beizhai. Firstly, the characteristics including application range, positioning of small-scale sewage treatment facility and BOT model were instructed. Then the feasibility of construction of small-scale sewage treatment facility was discussed. Secondly, the differences among several technologies of sewage treatment on characters, applying scope, process, investment, running fee and effects were compared. Based on the above analysis, the SBR process was considered as the most suitable technology for Beizhai. Thirdly, the basic form, overall arrangement, construction and equipments briefly were continued to illustrate.
The part of plan summarizes the service life, applying scope, purposes of the plan, water quality and quantity parameters and principles of construction of sewage treatment station. The sewage treatment plan of north scenic spots, Wulong River and Liangquan River , and the upper reacty of Zhangcun River was stated in details. The statements contain
the estimate of sewage quantity, selection of facilities, investment estimate and reuse of treated sewage. Furthermore, the policy support,
本文作者长期在崂山区从事环保工作，多次参与市、区两级政府对北宅污水处理问题的专题讨论，积累了较丰富的第一手资料和实践经验，逐步形成了解决北宅污水处理问题的方案。
特殊而优越的地理位置是北宅污水问题引起各方面高度重视的根本原因。作者在深入分析市、区各类发展规划及大量调查研究资料的前提下，充分结合当地实际情况，确定了以原住民外迁模式为核心的污水治理路线，初步确定了建设五个集中居住点的外迁模式。进而围绕该模式对污水水质、水量、处理设施设计参数等进行了详细计算，制定出今后20年内北宅污水处理的规划设计与实施方案；并结合目前较成熟的污水处理工艺对现状治理、近期方案进行了工艺选型及运行管理方式等方面的专题研究。
论文第一部分分析了北宅水污染现状及解决水污染课题的由来，阐述了课题研究的目的和现实意义，重点说明了北宅污水处理问题解决与否将对崂山水库饮用水源地，北九水风景区保护区，及张村河综合治理工程产生的重要影响。并针对北宅污水的特点，用较大篇幅讨论了小型污水设施的产生、发展历史、运行管理上存在的问题及原因分析，为实际解决北宅污水问题作了铺垫。
课题分析首先从自然条件、人口分布、旅游资源、基础设施建设、社会经济发展几个部分概况总结了北宅的现状及存在问题，说明了合理有效地解决北宅水污染问题是促进北宅经济发展的关键。通过对各类发展规划的分析和北宅自身因素的剖析，找出了制约解决北宅污水问题的因素，为下一步有的放矢的解决问题创造了条件。其次，重点分析了北宅污水产生的三个主要来源，即经营行业污水、当地居民生活污水、农业污染源。并对排污量进行初步估算，得出北宅污水排放
占岛市螃山区北宅街道办事处污水处理规划方案研究
现状水量小、高度分散、以生活污水为主的三个特点。
在课题分析的基础上，第三部分对小型污水处理设施应用于北宅水污染治理
的可行性进行了论证。首先对小型污水处理设施的特点、应用范围、定位、BOT
模式在小型污水处理设施投资建设方面的应用等几方面内容作了简明扼要的论
述，分析了小型污水处理设施应用于北宅污水处理工程的可行性:其次，对目前
应用的几种小型污水处理工艺的特点、应用范围、工艺流程从投资、运行费用、
处理效果等几方面进行了对比，从中确定采用以SBR法为核心工艺的小型污水处
理工艺实际应用于北宅的污水处理领域，并进而对小型污水处理设施的基本形
式、总体布局、构筑物及设备作了简单的说明。
污水处理规划方案论述部分主要对规划年限、范围、目的、水量水质参数及
污水处理站的建设原则作了概括性论述;分别对北部景区污水处理方案、五龙河
凉泉河流域污水处理方案、张村河流域上游污水处理方案从污水量估算、处理设
施选型、投资估算、污水资源化利用等几方面作了详细论述，重点对现状治理提
出措施，对近期规划污水治理方案进行了论证。其次，又从政策扶持、责任明确、
监督管理三方面对BOT模式在北宅污水处理领域的具体应用作了简明论证。
通过分析研究，论文结论部分对治理北宅水污染的重要性、迫切性，及采用
小型污水处理设施可行性，北宅污水处理规划方案等内容作了概括总结。
Qingdao Laoshan District Beizhai Subdistrict is located in the famous national scenic spots of Laoshan aid is adjacent to Laoshan Reservoir, an important water source protection zone of Qingdao. The location of the subdistrict is favorable and special. In order to protect the water source and tourism resources in the scenic spots, Beizhai had to abandon many opportunities to develop and many industries were restricted for that for a long time. A reasonable settlement of domestic and industrial sewage is the key to the relationship of protection and development. In the paper, the above problems were discussed and a solution scheme was put forward.
I has engaged in environmental protection of Laoshan District for a long period of time and participated in many seminars on Beizhai sewage treatment, so I accumulated abundant first-hand data and rich experiences for the frame of solution.
The favorable and special location is the main reason of so much concern on sewage treatment of Beizhai. Firstly, on the basis of systematically analysis on a vast amount of research data and local conditions, a sewage treatment model was defined. The key of the model is constructing five residential centers and making the indigenes move out. Secondly, water quality and flow quantity were discussed and parameters of treatment facility elaborately were calculated. According to the above research, a 20 years' plan of Beizhai sewage treatment was put forward. Thirdly, I made several monographic studies on improvement of present situations, countermeasure plan for close future, selection of technologies and management ways.
In the first part of this thesis, the current situations of this area, the origin of the topic and the aims and significances of this program were
expounded. A lot of words were used to illustrate the influence of Beizhai sewage project on Laoshan reservoir, Bei Jiushui Resort and the project of Zhangcun River. In the light of sewage of Beizhai, the history of small-scale sewage treatment facility, analyses of the problems in running and the reason of that were introduced in this part of the paper.
In the second part, the background of the program was analyzed. On the basis of the survey of Beizhai natural, social and economic general situations, the valid resolution of the problem of sewage was concluded the key of development of Beizhai. Firstly, all kinds of plans and self-conditions of Beizhai were analyzed and the main restriction components were found out. Secondly, the three main sewage origins in Beizhai including industrial sewage, domestic sewage and agricultural sewage were analyzed. The total sewage quantity was preliminarily estimated , three characteristics of sewage drainage were found out to be small-quantity, highly scattered and domestic.
On the basis of the above analysis, the third part makes a feasible demonstration of applying of small-seals sewage treatment facilities into Beizhai. Firstly, the characteristics including application range, positioning of small-scale sewage treatment facility and BOT model were instructed. Then the feasibility of construction of small-scale sewage treatment facility was discussed. Secondly, the differences among several technologies of sewage treatment on characters, applying scope, process, investment, running fee and effects were compared. Based on the above analysis, the SBR process was considered as the most suitable technology for Beizhai. Thirdly, the basic form, overall arrangement, construction and equipments briefly were continued to illustrate.
The part of plan summarizes the service life, applying scope, purposes of the plan, water quality and quantity parameters and principles of construction of sewage treatment station. The sewage treatment plan of north scenic spots, Wulong River and Liangquan River , and the upper reacty of Zhangcun River was stated in details. The statements contain
the estimate of sewage quantity, selection of facilities, investment estimate and reuse of treated sewage. Furthermore, the policy support,
引文
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