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国家矿山公园综合产业模式及经济发展研究
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摘要
煤炭和蒸汽机开辟了工业文明,在给人类赐予巨额经济增长的同时也带来了环境污染问题;第三次产业革命一方面把人类引领到一个信息产业为主导的新时代,另一方面又向人类经济、社会的可持续发展提出了严峻挑战。在经济高速发展的同时,人类对矿产资源的开发和索取程度大大超出了自然资源的承载负荷和环境的自我修复能力。如今人们开始反思并寻求新的发展模式,寻找新型“系统治理”模式。生态工业园、矿山公园等产业聚合形式正产生出积极的经济效应。
     位于京城最西部的百花山蕴藏着丰富的优质煤炭资源。其资源利用早在千年以前就有“取煤于穴”的记载。百花山煤炭资源分布集中,生产优势明显。但本世纪初为了北京的碧水蓝天,政府果断关闭了以百花山为代表的京西所有煤矿。德国鲁尔区的成功改造向全世界宣告了工业遗迹的历史、文化价值,工业遗迹旅游作为企业资源再生的新模式具备了角逐新时代产业舞台的新活力。百花山矿区是北京煤炭工业的缩影,其历史人文价值已是北京世界城市建设不可或缺的重要组成部分。百花山国家矿山公园的重要性和文化价值,远远超出了一般传统工业基地的影响力。本文通过分析建立百花山国家矿山公园的背景、意义及经济社会作用,阐述了项目设立的历史必然性。通过对国内外国家矿山公园的发展比较,明确了公园总体规划和产业设计所必须遵循的原则和法规。提出“以园养园”经营观念。以公园内传统资源和新兴资源为基础制订出合理的总体规划和产业布局方案。通过建立五个专业产业园的效益化经营,反哺公园管理、维护和发展,实现公园健康、永续发展目标。建立圣莲山百草园中草药种植、饮片加工、鲜药临床体验产业基地,打造百花山药业和疗养产业基地;建立百花山百果园休闲产业基地,打造百花山产业核心价值链。对百花山国家矿山公园产业基础进行了钻石模型分析,并在升级传统产业的基础上,建立了新兴产业体系;利用百花山优质、洁净的土壤和山泉、气候资源,建立百花山绿色农业产业休闲体验基地;首次提出在百花山国家矿山公园布局一个12MW煤炭地下气化联合循环发电(UCG-IGCC)项目,作为公园五大支柱产业之一,实现公园整体经营目标。
Coal and steam opens the industrial civilization,It give to mankind huge economic growth atthe same time, it brings environmental pollution problems; On the one hand, the third industrialrevolution led the humanity to a new era of information industry as the leading;on the other handput,forward severe challenges to human economic and social sustainable development.In thehigh-speed economic development at the same time, the development of mineral resources, thehuman and ask for more than the bearing load of natural resources and environment ofself-healing. Nowadays people begin to reflect on and seek new development model, to find anew mode of "system management". Ecological industrial park, the mine park, and other formsof industrial aggregation is to produce positive economic effect. Baihua Mountain is rich in highquality coal resources located most west of the capital’s. The Baihua resource utilization berecorded” take coal in the den" as far back as one thousand years ago. The Baihua distribution ofcoal resources,the production of obvious advantages. But to the clear water,blue sky of Beijingat the turn of the century, the government firmly closed all coal mines,represented by theBaihua.The successful transformation to the world of the Ruhr, Germany announced theindustrial sites of historical and cultural value,Industrial relics tourism walked onto the newenergy industry stage as a new mode of enterprise resource regeneration with the race for the newtime.The Baihua mining area is the epitome of the coal industry of Beijing,Its history humanisticvalue is indispensable important part of Beijing world city construction. The importance of theBaihua national mine park and cultural value, far beyond the influence of the traditionalindustrial base in general. In this paper, by analyzing the establishing background of the Baihuanational mine park,significance and the economic and social effect,expounds the project set upby the historical inevitability. By comparing to the development of the national mine park at homeand abroad, the overall planning and industrial design must follow the principles and laws andregulations.” The Industrial park conservation park" management idea is put forward. It works outa reasonable overall planning and industrial layout scheme on the basis of the traditional andemerging resources in the park. Through the establishment of five major industrial park to operateefficiently, feedback park management, maintenance and development of the park healthy andsustainable development goals. Put forward and demonstrates the establish the Baihua eco-tourismindustry base and the third largest lavender ornamental and household industry base; Put forwardand demonstrates the herbals herbs planting of holy lotus is set up, fresh medicine yinpianprocessing and clinical experience industry base; Put forward and proved to build the Baihuapharmaceutical and health industry base; Put forward and demonstrates the establish the Baihuaorchards leisure industry base, build the Baihua core industry value chain. Analysis of theIndustrial base of Baihua national mine park by diamond model. And establishing new industrysystem,on the basis of upgrading traditional industries; Using the Baihua quality, clean soil andmountain spring, climate resources, establish the Baihua green agricultural leisure experiencebase; First put forward to build a12MW coal underground gasification combined cycle powergeneration (UCG-IGCC) project as one of the five pillar industries in the Baihua national minepark,achieve the overall business objectives.
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