毛细管平面辐射空调系统的设计研究
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摘要
在节能、环保和健康已成为暖通空调发展方向的今天,各国暖通空调界的学者、工程师以及制造商都在为实现这个目标而努力。而毛细管平面辐射空调系统从诞生伊始就很好的实现了低能耗与高舒适度的结合,并在新世纪逐渐由欧洲传入我国。毛细管平面辐射空调系统是一种以温度、湿度独立控制为特点,并与相应的除湿系统协调运行的复合式空调系统。
本文在回顾毛细管平面辐射空调系统的发展史和相关研究现状的基础上,对该系统的节能潜力、不对称辐射参与下的负荷计算以及承担除湿任务的风系统进行了设计研究,并结合实际工程,对相关理论研究成果进行了验证。
首先,作者结合我国的建筑气候分区情况,对基于毛细管末端的中央空调在全国范围内的适用性进行了分析,并给出了相应的空调方案。
其次,从毛细管的发展史入手,总结了毛细管平面辐射空调系统在欧洲、北美以及中国的工程应用情况。在此基础上,分析了该系统的组成及其特点。并从热力学第二定律的角度,通过对制冷机系统进行(?)分析和熵分析,得到毛细管系统的使用将会显著提高制冷机系统的用能效率的结论。同时,分析了毛细管系统的使用对于空调输送能耗,室内空调过程中的(?)损失的影响以及高效利用空调冷却水的设计方法。
第三,以辐射不对称性为切入点研究了室内设计温度得以在夏季提高(在冬季得以降低)的前提和传热学机理。并使用CFD技术对处于不对称长波辐射场的人体的辐射换热量进行了计算,定量地揭示了辐射不对称性对人体的影响。最后,通过三个工程实例的负荷计算,得到了室内设计温度改变对于空调负荷的影响程度,从而为毛细管系统的节能设计提供了依据。
第四,以风系统承担的任务为出发点,研究了可以为毛细管系统提供除湿服务的两种典型的风系统(DV和DOAS)的特点和相关欧美设计规范。在此基础上,给出了毛细管系统与DV和DOAS相结合的联合设计的基本步骤,并建立了相关物理模型,运用CFD技术对毛细管平面辐射空调系统房间的温度场、速度场、PMV和PPD场进行了模拟研究。
最后,对实际工程中的毛细管平面辐射空调系统进行了现场测试。结果表明,实测数据与理论研究值吻合的较好,验证了理论研究的合理性和相关数据的可靠性,从而为毛细管平面辐射空调系统的优化设计和推广应用提供了理论和实践依据。
本课题是山东省科技发展计划项目：“毛细管平面辐射空调关键技术的研究与示范”(编号：2008GG30006005)的子课题。
While energy-saving, environmental protection and health issue have become .the direction of today's HVAC word, researchers, engineers and manufactories put more and more attention to this target. Capillary plane radiation air-conditioning system, which based on the independent temperature-humidity control, has overcome the inherent disadvantages of conventional air-conditioning, not only use of natural cold source and industrial waste heat efficiently, but also can provide a good thermal environment.
Based on the analysis of research status of radiation air-conditioning at home and abroad, issues about energy-saving design, cool load simulation, radiant asymmetry and ventilation system(including both Displacement Ventilation, Dedicated Outdoor Air-conditioning System) are anglicized and simulated by CFD. Finally, through experiment to further verify the reliability of numerical simulation results provided a theoretical and practical basis for its application.
Firstly, based on value and extending condition of capillary air-conditioning system, and china's climate subarea condition, analysis the Usage of this system and has given corresponding air-conditioning schemes.
Started with the capillary phylogeny secondly, summed up capillary plane radiation air-conditioning system applying condition in Europe, North America and Chinese project and analyzed system compose and their characteristic. Then, discussed the composition, working principle and advantages of the capillary plane radiation air-conditioning system. And used the exergy analysis and thermodynamics second laws when heating and cooling. Drawn the conclusion that capillary plane radiant heating system could put important effect on chiller system, transport system and chilled water system.
Thirdly, takes radiation asymmetry as the breakthrough point, compared with conventional air-conditioning, when have the same comfort, came to the conclusion that indoor calculated temperature of the capillary radiation air-conditioned room is lower when heating in winter and is higher when cooling in summer than traditional air-conditioned room, and premises and heat transfer principle behind this change. Then use CFD technology to simulate quantity of heat in asymmetric long wave radiation, and have revealed the radiation asymmetry effect to the human body quantitatively. Through three project examples finally, analysis effect degree of this change to the load of air-conditioning system.
Fourthly, taken the mission that wind system bears as starting point, and studied the characteristic and relevance Europe and America design specifications about two kinds of ventilation system (DV and DOAS), which could be used with capillary system to dehumidification. Then set up a physical model and use CFD technology to simulation study about temperature field, velocity field, PMV and PPD in the air-conditioned room with capillary plane radiation air-conditioning system.
Finally, experimental study was also carried out in rooms with capillary plane radiation air-conditioning system located in Qingdao. Tested outside air temperature, indoor air temperature, relative humidity and heat flux in a test room. Through data analysis, we can see it met the requirements of thermal comfort., and the time for the capillary mat to warm up is 15minites. The hole system could be more energy-saving if change the underground pipes of ground source heat pump to capillary mat system.
This subject is a sub subject of development project of science and technology in Shandong, which is "key technology research and demonstration of capillary plane radiation air-conditioning system" (Number:2008GG30006005).
本文在回顾毛细管平面辐射空调系统的发展史和相关研究现状的基础上,对该系统的节能潜力、不对称辐射参与下的负荷计算以及承担除湿任务的风系统进行了设计研究,并结合实际工程,对相关理论研究成果进行了验证。
首先,作者结合我国的建筑气候分区情况,对基于毛细管末端的中央空调在全国范围内的适用性进行了分析,并给出了相应的空调方案。
其次,从毛细管的发展史入手,总结了毛细管平面辐射空调系统在欧洲、北美以及中国的工程应用情况。在此基础上,分析了该系统的组成及其特点。并从热力学第二定律的角度,通过对制冷机系统进行(?)分析和熵分析,得到毛细管系统的使用将会显著提高制冷机系统的用能效率的结论。同时,分析了毛细管系统的使用对于空调输送能耗,室内空调过程中的(?)损失的影响以及高效利用空调冷却水的设计方法。
第三,以辐射不对称性为切入点研究了室内设计温度得以在夏季提高(在冬季得以降低)的前提和传热学机理。并使用CFD技术对处于不对称长波辐射场的人体的辐射换热量进行了计算,定量地揭示了辐射不对称性对人体的影响。最后,通过三个工程实例的负荷计算,得到了室内设计温度改变对于空调负荷的影响程度,从而为毛细管系统的节能设计提供了依据。
第四,以风系统承担的任务为出发点,研究了可以为毛细管系统提供除湿服务的两种典型的风系统(DV和DOAS)的特点和相关欧美设计规范。在此基础上,给出了毛细管系统与DV和DOAS相结合的联合设计的基本步骤,并建立了相关物理模型,运用CFD技术对毛细管平面辐射空调系统房间的温度场、速度场、PMV和PPD场进行了模拟研究。
最后,对实际工程中的毛细管平面辐射空调系统进行了现场测试。结果表明,实测数据与理论研究值吻合的较好,验证了理论研究的合理性和相关数据的可靠性,从而为毛细管平面辐射空调系统的优化设计和推广应用提供了理论和实践依据。
本课题是山东省科技发展计划项目：“毛细管平面辐射空调关键技术的研究与示范”(编号：2008GG30006005)的子课题。
While energy-saving, environmental protection and health issue have become .the direction of today's HVAC word, researchers, engineers and manufactories put more and more attention to this target. Capillary plane radiation air-conditioning system, which based on the independent temperature-humidity control, has overcome the inherent disadvantages of conventional air-conditioning, not only use of natural cold source and industrial waste heat efficiently, but also can provide a good thermal environment.
Based on the analysis of research status of radiation air-conditioning at home and abroad, issues about energy-saving design, cool load simulation, radiant asymmetry and ventilation system(including both Displacement Ventilation, Dedicated Outdoor Air-conditioning System) are anglicized and simulated by CFD. Finally, through experiment to further verify the reliability of numerical simulation results provided a theoretical and practical basis for its application.
Firstly, based on value and extending condition of capillary air-conditioning system, and china's climate subarea condition, analysis the Usage of this system and has given corresponding air-conditioning schemes.
Started with the capillary phylogeny secondly, summed up capillary plane radiation air-conditioning system applying condition in Europe, North America and Chinese project and analyzed system compose and their characteristic. Then, discussed the composition, working principle and advantages of the capillary plane radiation air-conditioning system. And used the exergy analysis and thermodynamics second laws when heating and cooling. Drawn the conclusion that capillary plane radiant heating system could put important effect on chiller system, transport system and chilled water system.
Thirdly, takes radiation asymmetry as the breakthrough point, compared with conventional air-conditioning, when have the same comfort, came to the conclusion that indoor calculated temperature of the capillary radiation air-conditioned room is lower when heating in winter and is higher when cooling in summer than traditional air-conditioned room, and premises and heat transfer principle behind this change. Then use CFD technology to simulate quantity of heat in asymmetric long wave radiation, and have revealed the radiation asymmetry effect to the human body quantitatively. Through three project examples finally, analysis effect degree of this change to the load of air-conditioning system.
Fourthly, taken the mission that wind system bears as starting point, and studied the characteristic and relevance Europe and America design specifications about two kinds of ventilation system (DV and DOAS), which could be used with capillary system to dehumidification. Then set up a physical model and use CFD technology to simulation study about temperature field, velocity field, PMV and PPD in the air-conditioned room with capillary plane radiation air-conditioning system.
Finally, experimental study was also carried out in rooms with capillary plane radiation air-conditioning system located in Qingdao. Tested outside air temperature, indoor air temperature, relative humidity and heat flux in a test room. Through data analysis, we can see it met the requirements of thermal comfort., and the time for the capillary mat to warm up is 15minites. The hole system could be more energy-saving if change the underground pipes of ground source heat pump to capillary mat system.
This subject is a sub subject of development project of science and technology in Shandong, which is "key technology research and demonstration of capillary plane radiation air-conditioning system" (Number:2008GG30006005).
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