伏牛山产三种药用植物化学成分研究
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摘要
河南省伏牛山区蕴藏着极其丰富的药用植物资源，是河南省的“天然药库”。浅裂鳞毛蕨为鳞毛蕨科(Dryopteridaceae)鳞毛蕨属(Dryopteris)植物浅裂鳞毛蕨(Dryopteris sublaeta Ching et Hsu)的干燥根及根茎，是贯众的常用基源品种之一。哥兰叶为卫矛科南蛇藤属植物哥兰叶(Colastrus gemrnatus Loes．)的叶，又名大芽南蛇藤、米汤叶、棉条子、山货榔、霜红藤等。构树叶为桑科植物构树(Broussonetia papyrifera(L．)vent．)的叶。浅裂鳞毛蕨、哥兰叶、构树叶这三种药用植物资源在伏牛山区有着非常广泛的分布，而且在当地民间均有悠久的药用历史和确切的临床疗效。本论文对这三种药用植物的化学成分进行系统的研究，为揭示药效物质基础、合理用药和资源开发奠定基础。
第一部分是浅裂鳞毛蕨的化学成分研究。本部分研究采用多种现代色谱(Diaion HP-20，Toyopearl HW-40，MCI Gel CHP-20，Sephadex LH-20)分离技术对新鲜的浅裂鳞毛蕨全草进行系统的化学成分分离，从该植物中共分离得到22个化合物。利用各种波谱技术(IR，HR-FAB-MS，~1H-NMR，~(13)C-NMR，~1H-~1H COSY，HSQC，HMBC)，结合化合物的理化常数鉴定了22个化合物的结构。其中二氢黄酮及其苷类13个，分别为：5,7,3'-三羟基-6,8-二甲基-4'-甲氧基二氢黄酮(GZG-9)，5,7,3'-三羟基-6,8-二甲基-5'-甲氧基二氢黄酮(GZG-7)，5,7,3'-三羟基-6,8-二甲基-5'-甲氧基二氢黄酮-7-O-β-D-葡萄糖苷(GZG-18')，浅裂鳞毛蕨酯A(GZG-26)，浅裂鳞毛蕨酯B(LM-13)，浅裂鳞毛蕨酯C(LM-14)，5,7-二羟基-6,8-二甲基二氢黄酮(GZG-2)，5,7-二羟基-6,8-二甲基-4'-甲氧基二氢黄酮(GZG-3)，5,7,2'-三羟基-6,8-二甲基二氢黄酮(GZG-5)，5,7,4'-三羟基-6,8-二甲基-3'-甲氧基二氢黄酮-7-O-β-D-葡萄糖苷(GZG-18)，5-羟基-6,8-二甲基-4'-甲氧基二氢黄酮-7-O-β-D-葡萄糖苷(GZG-8")，东方荚果蕨酯A(LM-10)，东方荚果蕨酯C(LM-23)；二苯乙烯苷类6个，分别为：反式—3，5—二羟基二苯乙烯(DSL-6)，3,5-二羟基二苯乙烯-3-O-新橙皮糖苷(GZG-17)，3,5-二羟基二苯乙烯-3-O-β-D-葡萄糖苷(GZG-13)，3,5-二羟基二苯乙基-3-O-β-D-葡萄糖苷(GZG-4)，3,5,4'-三羟基二苯乙烯-3-O-β-D-葡萄糖苷(GZG-25)，3,5,4'-三羟基二苯乙基-3-O-β-D-葡萄糖苷(LM-4)。酚苷类3个，分别为：熊果苷(GZG-11)，4-羟基-3-甲氧基苯-1-O-β-D-葡萄糖苷(GZG-15)，3,4-二甲氧基苯-1-O-β-D-葡萄糖苷(GZG-29)。其中新化合物7个，分别为：GZG-9，GZG-7，GZG-18'，GZG-26，LM-13，LM-14和GZG-17，其它化合物均为首次从浅裂鳞毛蕨中分离得到。
第二部分是哥兰叶化学成分研究。将新鲜哥兰叶的叶，采用含水丙酮组织破碎提取，然后减压低温浓缩。浓缩液分别用乙醚、乙酸乙酯、正丁醇萃取，得到乙醚、乙酸乙酯、正丁醇和水等四个部位，然后，对乙酸乙酯、正丁醇和水部位分别进行Diaion HP-20、MCI Gel CHP-20、Toyopearl HW-40、Sephadex LH-20、Silica gel等柱色谱，结合制备型高效液相色谱仪、制备薄层色谱、重结晶等方法分离得到11个化合物。利用化学方法及UV、IR、MS、~1H-NMR、~(13)C-NMR、DEPT、~1H-~1H COSY、HSQC、HMBC等波谱分析方法，鉴定了它们的结构。GLY-11为左旋马尾松树脂醇-3a-O-β-D-吡喃葡萄糖苷，H-3为5，7，4'-三羟基-3'-甲氧基黄酮-7-O-β-D-半乳糖醛酸苷，NST-2为山柰酚-3-O-α-L-吡喃鼠李糖基-(1→6)-β-D-吡喃葡萄糖苷，NST-4为山柰酚-3-O-β-D-吡哺葡萄糖苷(紫云英苷)，NST-6为山柰酚-3-O-α-L-吡喃鼠李糖基-(1→2)-β-D-吡喃葡萄糖苷，NST-10为(+)．松脂素-4'-O-β-D。吡喃葡萄糖苷(Ambrosidine)，NST-12为芹菜素-7-O-β-D-葡萄糖醛酸苷，NST-14为异落叶松脂素-9-O-β-D-吡喃葡萄糖苷，NST-16为芹菜素-7-O-β-D-葡萄糖醛酸甲酯，NST-27为槲皮素-3-O-α-L-吡喃鼠李糖基-(1→2)-β-D-吡喃葡萄糖苷，H-4为丁香苷(Syringin)。其中，新化合物2个，从本植物中首次分到的化合物9个。
第三部分是构树叶的化学成分研究。采用多种现代色谱(Diaion HP-20，ToyopearlHW-40，Sephadex LH-20和硅胶柱色谱等)分离技术进行分离，从构树叶中共分离得到30个化合物，利用各种波谱技术(IR，HR TOF-MS，~1H-NMR，~(13)C-NMR，DEPT，~1H-~1H COSY，HSQC，HMBC，NOESY)，结合化合物的理化常数鉴定了12个化合物的结构。其中黄酮及其苷类7个，分别为：芹菜素(LHW-8)，芹菜素-7-O-β-D-吡喃葡萄糖苷(ELHW-14)，异牡荆素(ZLHW-10)，牡荆素-7-O-β-D-吡喃葡萄糖甙(ZLHW-8)，5,7,4'-三羟基-6-C-[α-L-鼠李糖(1→2)]-β-D-葡萄糖黄酮碳苷(ZLHW-9)，5,7,4'-三羟基-8-C-[α-L-鼠李糖(1→2)]-β-D-葡萄糖黄酮碳苷(ZLHW-9')，柯伊利素-7-O-β-D-吡喃葡萄糖苷(ELHW-12)，木犀草素(LHW-9)；倍半萜苷类5个，分别为：3β-羟基-5α,6α-环氧-β-紫罗兰酮-2α-O-β-D-吡喃葡萄糖苷(ELHW-6)，(6S,9S)-6-羟基-3-酮-α-紫罗兰醇-9-O-β-D-葡萄糖苷(ELHW-8)，Icariside B1(ELHW-15)，(6S,9S)-3β-羟基-5a,6a-环氧-乙酰基-β-紫罗兰醇-2α-O-β-D-葡萄糖苷(ELHW-3)，(6S,9S)-3β-羟基-5α,6α-环氧-β-紫罗兰醇-2α-O-β-D-葡萄糖苷(ELHW-4)；其中ELHW-3和ELHW-4为新化合物。以上化合物均为首次从构树中分离获得，且倍半萜类是首次从构树属植物中发现。
Dryopteris sublaeta Ching et Hsu. is a well-known traditional Chinese medicine, and its root is used as a antivirus and anthelminthic in the folk medicine. The Leaves of Celastrus Gemmatus Loes. have the function of invigorating the kidney and Qi, benefiting vital enery, and used to cure appetite, uterine prolapse, anal prolapse. Broussonetia papyrifera(Linn.) Vent. have the function of removing pathogenic heat blood and inducing diuresis, and the decoction of the leaves of Broussonetia papyrifera(L.) Vent is used against chronic prostatitis in the Funiu Mountians.The resources of Dryopteris sublaeta, Celastrus Gemmatus Loes.and Broussonetia papyrifera(Linn.) Vent. are very rich in the Funiu Mountians. No previous investigation has been reported on the three plants, and this dissertation is focused on the chemical studies of the three plants.
The first section of this dissertation is the studies on the chemical constituents from the leaves of Dryopteris sublaeta Ching et Hsu.. We carried out a systematically phytochemical study on the constituents of this plant. 22 compounds have been isolated from the plant by various chromatographic methods and the structures of the compounds have been elucidated by spectroscopic and chemical methods, as 5,7,3'-trihydroxy-6,8-dimethyl-4'-methoxy-flavanone(GZG-9), 5,7,3'-trihydroxy-6,8-dimethyl-5'-methoxyflavanone(GZG-7),5,7,3'-trihydroxy-6,8-dimethyl-5'-methoxy-flavanone-7-O-β-D-glucopyranoside(GZG-18'), Sublaetanate A(GZG-26), Sublaetanate B(LM-13), Sublaetanate C(LM-14), 5,7-dihydroxy-6,8-dimethyl-flavanone(GZG-2),5,7-dihydroxy-6,8-dimethyl-4'-methoxyflava none(GZG-3),5,7,2'-trihydroxy-6,8-dimethylflavanone(GZG-5),5,7,4'-trihydroxy-6,8-dimeth yl-3'-methoxyflavanone-7-O-β-D-glucopyranoside(GZG-18),5-hydroxy-6,8-dimethyl-4'-met hoxyflavanone-7-O-β-D-glucopyranoside(GZG-8"), Matteuorienate A(LM-10), MatteuorienateC(LM-23),3,5-dihydroxy-trans-stilbene(DSL-6),3,5-dihydroxystilbene-3-O-neohesperid oside(GZG-17),3,5-dihydroxystilbene-3-O-β-D-glucopyranoside(GZG-13),3,5-dihydroxydip henylethane-3-O-β-D-glucopyranoside(GZG-4),3,5,4'-trihydroxystilbene-3-O-β-D-glucopyr anoside(GZG-25),3,5,4'-trihydroxydiphenylethane-3-O-β-D-glucopyranoside(LM-4),Arbu tin(GZG-11),4-hydroxy-3-methoxyphenyl-1-O-β-D-glucopyranoside(GZG-15),3,4-dimethox yphenyl-1-O-β-D-glucopyranoside(GZG-29).
The second section of this dissertation is the studies on the chemical constituents from the Leaves of Celastrus Gemmatus Loes..The experiment part is composed of general experimental procedures, plant material, extraction and purification. The fresh leaves of Celastrus gemmatus Loes. were extracted with 70% aqueous acetone twice at room temperature. The extract was concentrated under reduced pressure to afford a dark-brown residue and. After the addition of a little H_2O, extracted by ethyl ether, ethyl acetate, n-butanol, respectively. The ethyl acetate, n-butanol and water parts were chromatographied over macroporous absorption resin Diaion HP-20 respectively with aqueous methanol gradiently. Their fractions from resin were repeatedly chromatographied over Sephadex LH-20, Toyopearl HW-40, Silica gel columns to yield 11 compounds.The structural features of the compounds were identified by physiochemical characteristics and spectral methods such as UV, IR, MS, ~1H-NMR, ~(13)C-NMR, ~1H-~1H COSY, HSQC, HMBC, and so on. Among the compounds, there were two new ones, (-)-massoniresinol-3a-O-β-D-glucopyranoside(GLY-11) and 5, 7, 4'-trihydroxy-3'-methoxyflavone-7-O-β-D-galacturonide (H-3). The other 9 compounds were isolated from this plant for the first time, they were kaempferol-3-O-α-L-rhamnopyranoside-(1→6)-β-D-glucopyranoside (NST-2), kaempferol-3-O-β-D-glucopyranoside (Astragalin) (NST-4), kaempferol-3-O-α-L-rhamnopyranoside-(1→2)-β-D-glucopyranoside(NST-6),ambrosidine(NST-10),apig enin-7-O-β-D-glucuronide(NST-12),isolariciresinol-9-O-β-D-glucopyranoside(NST-14), apigenin-7-O-β-D-glucuronide methyl ester (NST-16), quercetin 3-O-neohesperidoside (NST-27), Syringin(H-4).
The third section of this dissertation is the studies on the the leaves of Broussonetia papyrifera (L.) Vent.. We carried out a systematically phytochemical study on the leaves of Broussonetia papyrifera (L.) Vent. and 30 compounds have been isolated from the the leaves of Broussonetia papyrifera(L.) by various chromatographic methods. The structures of 12 compounds have been elucidated by spectroscopic and chemical methods, as apigenin (LHW-8), Luteolin(LHW-9), 3β-hydroxy-5α,6α-epoxy-β-ionone-2α-O-β-D-glucopyranoside (ELHW-6), (6S,9S)-6-hydroxy-3-oxo-α-ionol-9-O-β-D-glucopyranoside (ELHW-8), IcarisideB1(ELHW-15), (6S,9S)-3β-hydroxy-5α,6α-epoxy-β-ionol-2α-O-β-D-glucopyrano side (ELHW-4), (6S,9S)-3β-hydroxy-5α, 6α-epoxy-Acetyl-β-ionol-2α-O-β-D-glucopyranoside (ELHW-3), apigenin-7-O-β-D-glucopyranoside (ELHW-14), chrysoerid-7-O-β-D-Glucopyranoside(ELHW-12),vitexin-7-O-β-D-glucopyranoside(ZLHW-8),isoorien tin(ZLHW-10),5,7,4'-trihydroxyl-6-C-[α-L-Rhamnopyranosyl-(1→2)]-β-D-glucopyranosyl(ZLHW-9), 5,7,4'-trihydroxyl-8-C-[α-L-Rhamnopyranosyl (1→2)]-β-D-glucopyranosyl (ZLHW-9'). Among them, there are 2 new compounds, including ELHW-3 and ELHW-4. All the compounds are obtained from Broussonetia papyrifera (Linn.) Vent. for the first time.
第一部分是浅裂鳞毛蕨的化学成分研究。本部分研究采用多种现代色谱(Diaion HP-20，Toyopearl HW-40，MCI Gel CHP-20，Sephadex LH-20)分离技术对新鲜的浅裂鳞毛蕨全草进行系统的化学成分分离，从该植物中共分离得到22个化合物。利用各种波谱技术(IR，HR-FAB-MS，~1H-NMR，~(13)C-NMR，~1H-~1H COSY，HSQC，HMBC)，结合化合物的理化常数鉴定了22个化合物的结构。其中二氢黄酮及其苷类13个，分别为：5,7,3'-三羟基-6,8-二甲基-4'-甲氧基二氢黄酮(GZG-9)，5,7,3'-三羟基-6,8-二甲基-5'-甲氧基二氢黄酮(GZG-7)，5,7,3'-三羟基-6,8-二甲基-5'-甲氧基二氢黄酮-7-O-β-D-葡萄糖苷(GZG-18')，浅裂鳞毛蕨酯A(GZG-26)，浅裂鳞毛蕨酯B(LM-13)，浅裂鳞毛蕨酯C(LM-14)，5,7-二羟基-6,8-二甲基二氢黄酮(GZG-2)，5,7-二羟基-6,8-二甲基-4'-甲氧基二氢黄酮(GZG-3)，5,7,2'-三羟基-6,8-二甲基二氢黄酮(GZG-5)，5,7,4'-三羟基-6,8-二甲基-3'-甲氧基二氢黄酮-7-O-β-D-葡萄糖苷(GZG-18)，5-羟基-6,8-二甲基-4'-甲氧基二氢黄酮-7-O-β-D-葡萄糖苷(GZG-8")，东方荚果蕨酯A(LM-10)，东方荚果蕨酯C(LM-23)；二苯乙烯苷类6个，分别为：反式—3，5—二羟基二苯乙烯(DSL-6)，3,5-二羟基二苯乙烯-3-O-新橙皮糖苷(GZG-17)，3,5-二羟基二苯乙烯-3-O-β-D-葡萄糖苷(GZG-13)，3,5-二羟基二苯乙基-3-O-β-D-葡萄糖苷(GZG-4)，3,5,4'-三羟基二苯乙烯-3-O-β-D-葡萄糖苷(GZG-25)，3,5,4'-三羟基二苯乙基-3-O-β-D-葡萄糖苷(LM-4)。酚苷类3个，分别为：熊果苷(GZG-11)，4-羟基-3-甲氧基苯-1-O-β-D-葡萄糖苷(GZG-15)，3,4-二甲氧基苯-1-O-β-D-葡萄糖苷(GZG-29)。其中新化合物7个，分别为：GZG-9，GZG-7，GZG-18'，GZG-26，LM-13，LM-14和GZG-17，其它化合物均为首次从浅裂鳞毛蕨中分离得到。
第二部分是哥兰叶化学成分研究。将新鲜哥兰叶的叶，采用含水丙酮组织破碎提取，然后减压低温浓缩。浓缩液分别用乙醚、乙酸乙酯、正丁醇萃取，得到乙醚、乙酸乙酯、正丁醇和水等四个部位，然后，对乙酸乙酯、正丁醇和水部位分别进行Diaion HP-20、MCI Gel CHP-20、Toyopearl HW-40、Sephadex LH-20、Silica gel等柱色谱，结合制备型高效液相色谱仪、制备薄层色谱、重结晶等方法分离得到11个化合物。利用化学方法及UV、IR、MS、~1H-NMR、~(13)C-NMR、DEPT、~1H-~1H COSY、HSQC、HMBC等波谱分析方法，鉴定了它们的结构。GLY-11为左旋马尾松树脂醇-3a-O-β-D-吡喃葡萄糖苷，H-3为5，7，4'-三羟基-3'-甲氧基黄酮-7-O-β-D-半乳糖醛酸苷，NST-2为山柰酚-3-O-α-L-吡喃鼠李糖基-(1→6)-β-D-吡喃葡萄糖苷，NST-4为山柰酚-3-O-β-D-吡哺葡萄糖苷(紫云英苷)，NST-6为山柰酚-3-O-α-L-吡喃鼠李糖基-(1→2)-β-D-吡喃葡萄糖苷，NST-10为(+)．松脂素-4'-O-β-D。吡喃葡萄糖苷(Ambrosidine)，NST-12为芹菜素-7-O-β-D-葡萄糖醛酸苷，NST-14为异落叶松脂素-9-O-β-D-吡喃葡萄糖苷，NST-16为芹菜素-7-O-β-D-葡萄糖醛酸甲酯，NST-27为槲皮素-3-O-α-L-吡喃鼠李糖基-(1→2)-β-D-吡喃葡萄糖苷，H-4为丁香苷(Syringin)。其中，新化合物2个，从本植物中首次分到的化合物9个。
第三部分是构树叶的化学成分研究。采用多种现代色谱(Diaion HP-20，ToyopearlHW-40，Sephadex LH-20和硅胶柱色谱等)分离技术进行分离，从构树叶中共分离得到30个化合物，利用各种波谱技术(IR，HR TOF-MS，~1H-NMR，~(13)C-NMR，DEPT，~1H-~1H COSY，HSQC，HMBC，NOESY)，结合化合物的理化常数鉴定了12个化合物的结构。其中黄酮及其苷类7个，分别为：芹菜素(LHW-8)，芹菜素-7-O-β-D-吡喃葡萄糖苷(ELHW-14)，异牡荆素(ZLHW-10)，牡荆素-7-O-β-D-吡喃葡萄糖甙(ZLHW-8)，5,7,4'-三羟基-6-C-[α-L-鼠李糖(1→2)]-β-D-葡萄糖黄酮碳苷(ZLHW-9)，5,7,4'-三羟基-8-C-[α-L-鼠李糖(1→2)]-β-D-葡萄糖黄酮碳苷(ZLHW-9')，柯伊利素-7-O-β-D-吡喃葡萄糖苷(ELHW-12)，木犀草素(LHW-9)；倍半萜苷类5个，分别为：3β-羟基-5α,6α-环氧-β-紫罗兰酮-2α-O-β-D-吡喃葡萄糖苷(ELHW-6)，(6S,9S)-6-羟基-3-酮-α-紫罗兰醇-9-O-β-D-葡萄糖苷(ELHW-8)，Icariside B1(ELHW-15)，(6S,9S)-3β-羟基-5a,6a-环氧-乙酰基-β-紫罗兰醇-2α-O-β-D-葡萄糖苷(ELHW-3)，(6S,9S)-3β-羟基-5α,6α-环氧-β-紫罗兰醇-2α-O-β-D-葡萄糖苷(ELHW-4)；其中ELHW-3和ELHW-4为新化合物。以上化合物均为首次从构树中分离获得，且倍半萜类是首次从构树属植物中发现。
Dryopteris sublaeta Ching et Hsu. is a well-known traditional Chinese medicine, and its root is used as a antivirus and anthelminthic in the folk medicine. The Leaves of Celastrus Gemmatus Loes. have the function of invigorating the kidney and Qi, benefiting vital enery, and used to cure appetite, uterine prolapse, anal prolapse. Broussonetia papyrifera(Linn.) Vent. have the function of removing pathogenic heat blood and inducing diuresis, and the decoction of the leaves of Broussonetia papyrifera(L.) Vent is used against chronic prostatitis in the Funiu Mountians.The resources of Dryopteris sublaeta, Celastrus Gemmatus Loes.and Broussonetia papyrifera(Linn.) Vent. are very rich in the Funiu Mountians. No previous investigation has been reported on the three plants, and this dissertation is focused on the chemical studies of the three plants.
The first section of this dissertation is the studies on the chemical constituents from the leaves of Dryopteris sublaeta Ching et Hsu.. We carried out a systematically phytochemical study on the constituents of this plant. 22 compounds have been isolated from the plant by various chromatographic methods and the structures of the compounds have been elucidated by spectroscopic and chemical methods, as 5,7,3'-trihydroxy-6,8-dimethyl-4'-methoxy-flavanone(GZG-9), 5,7,3'-trihydroxy-6,8-dimethyl-5'-methoxyflavanone(GZG-7),5,7,3'-trihydroxy-6,8-dimethyl-5'-methoxy-flavanone-7-O-β-D-glucopyranoside(GZG-18'), Sublaetanate A(GZG-26), Sublaetanate B(LM-13), Sublaetanate C(LM-14), 5,7-dihydroxy-6,8-dimethyl-flavanone(GZG-2),5,7-dihydroxy-6,8-dimethyl-4'-methoxyflava none(GZG-3),5,7,2'-trihydroxy-6,8-dimethylflavanone(GZG-5),5,7,4'-trihydroxy-6,8-dimeth yl-3'-methoxyflavanone-7-O-β-D-glucopyranoside(GZG-18),5-hydroxy-6,8-dimethyl-4'-met hoxyflavanone-7-O-β-D-glucopyranoside(GZG-8"), Matteuorienate A(LM-10), MatteuorienateC(LM-23),3,5-dihydroxy-trans-stilbene(DSL-6),3,5-dihydroxystilbene-3-O-neohesperid oside(GZG-17),3,5-dihydroxystilbene-3-O-β-D-glucopyranoside(GZG-13),3,5-dihydroxydip henylethane-3-O-β-D-glucopyranoside(GZG-4),3,5,4'-trihydroxystilbene-3-O-β-D-glucopyr anoside(GZG-25),3,5,4'-trihydroxydiphenylethane-3-O-β-D-glucopyranoside(LM-4),Arbu tin(GZG-11),4-hydroxy-3-methoxyphenyl-1-O-β-D-glucopyranoside(GZG-15),3,4-dimethox yphenyl-1-O-β-D-glucopyranoside(GZG-29).
The second section of this dissertation is the studies on the chemical constituents from the Leaves of Celastrus Gemmatus Loes..The experiment part is composed of general experimental procedures, plant material, extraction and purification. The fresh leaves of Celastrus gemmatus Loes. were extracted with 70% aqueous acetone twice at room temperature. The extract was concentrated under reduced pressure to afford a dark-brown residue and. After the addition of a little H_2O, extracted by ethyl ether, ethyl acetate, n-butanol, respectively. The ethyl acetate, n-butanol and water parts were chromatographied over macroporous absorption resin Diaion HP-20 respectively with aqueous methanol gradiently. Their fractions from resin were repeatedly chromatographied over Sephadex LH-20, Toyopearl HW-40, Silica gel columns to yield 11 compounds.The structural features of the compounds were identified by physiochemical characteristics and spectral methods such as UV, IR, MS, ~1H-NMR, ~(13)C-NMR, ~1H-~1H COSY, HSQC, HMBC, and so on. Among the compounds, there were two new ones, (-)-massoniresinol-3a-O-β-D-glucopyranoside(GLY-11) and 5, 7, 4'-trihydroxy-3'-methoxyflavone-7-O-β-D-galacturonide (H-3). The other 9 compounds were isolated from this plant for the first time, they were kaempferol-3-O-α-L-rhamnopyranoside-(1→6)-β-D-glucopyranoside (NST-2), kaempferol-3-O-β-D-glucopyranoside (Astragalin) (NST-4), kaempferol-3-O-α-L-rhamnopyranoside-(1→2)-β-D-glucopyranoside(NST-6),ambrosidine(NST-10),apig enin-7-O-β-D-glucuronide(NST-12),isolariciresinol-9-O-β-D-glucopyranoside(NST-14), apigenin-7-O-β-D-glucuronide methyl ester (NST-16), quercetin 3-O-neohesperidoside (NST-27), Syringin(H-4).
The third section of this dissertation is the studies on the the leaves of Broussonetia papyrifera (L.) Vent.. We carried out a systematically phytochemical study on the leaves of Broussonetia papyrifera (L.) Vent. and 30 compounds have been isolated from the the leaves of Broussonetia papyrifera(L.) by various chromatographic methods. The structures of 12 compounds have been elucidated by spectroscopic and chemical methods, as apigenin (LHW-8), Luteolin(LHW-9), 3β-hydroxy-5α,6α-epoxy-β-ionone-2α-O-β-D-glucopyranoside (ELHW-6), (6S,9S)-6-hydroxy-3-oxo-α-ionol-9-O-β-D-glucopyranoside (ELHW-8), IcarisideB1(ELHW-15), (6S,9S)-3β-hydroxy-5α,6α-epoxy-β-ionol-2α-O-β-D-glucopyrano side (ELHW-4), (6S,9S)-3β-hydroxy-5α, 6α-epoxy-Acetyl-β-ionol-2α-O-β-D-glucopyranoside (ELHW-3), apigenin-7-O-β-D-glucopyranoside (ELHW-14), chrysoerid-7-O-β-D-Glucopyranoside(ELHW-12),vitexin-7-O-β-D-glucopyranoside(ZLHW-8),isoorien tin(ZLHW-10),5,7,4'-trihydroxyl-6-C-[α-L-Rhamnopyranosyl-(1→2)]-β-D-glucopyranosyl(ZLHW-9), 5,7,4'-trihydroxyl-8-C-[α-L-Rhamnopyranosyl (1→2)]-β-D-glucopyranosyl (ZLHW-9'). Among them, there are 2 new compounds, including ELHW-3 and ELHW-4. All the compounds are obtained from Broussonetia papyrifera (Linn.) Vent. for the first time.
引文
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