预测煤巷突出危险性的连续流量法研究
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摘要
煤与瓦斯突出是威胁煤矿安全生产的严重自然灾害之一,而煤巷掘进时期发生的煤与瓦斯突出次数占矿井突出总次数的首位。因此,进行煤巷掘进工作面的突出预测研究具有非常重要的意义。本文针对煤巷掘进工作面突出预测指标存在的共性问题,结合国内外预测现状,提出了连续流量法煤巷突出预测技术,并对钻孔瓦斯动态涌出规律、预测设备研制、现场试验等关键技术进行了系统的研究。
文中综述了目前国内外煤巷掘进工作面突出预测的研究现状,分析了目前我国煤巷掘进工作面突出预测技术存在的问题,指出了煤巷掘进工作面动态法预测指标的技术途径。以И.В.包布洛夫的卸压带理论为基础,根据球壳失稳机理及初始释放瓦斯膨胀测定原理,提出了连续测定钻孔过程中的钻孔瓦斯涌出量随钻进深度的变化曲线,该曲线能够综合反映地应力、瓦斯压力和煤体强度对突出危险的影响,能够表征掘进工作面前方的突出危险性。
利用FLAC3D为工具,建立了在硬煤和硬煤中含构造煤情况下,钻进过程孔壁瓦斯涌出的动态模型,同时以FICK扩散定律为理论基础,结合煤屑瓦斯涌出过程的基本特点,推导出煤屑瓦斯累计涌出量与时间的关系方程,并利用数学叠加的方法,得到钻孔过程中钻孔瓦斯涌出量随钻进深度变化的动态规律:在钻孔钻进过程中,随钻孔深度的逐渐延伸,钻孔瓦斯涌出量不断增加,停钻瞬间钻孔瓦斯涌出量最大;在遇到构造煤的情况下,会出现拐点,钻孔瓦斯涌出量会出现激增,其变化趋势仍然随钻孔深度的增加逐渐递增。
通过对钻孔密封机理及煤巷突出预测装置的钻孔密封段的封孔要求及各种影响因素分析,在流体力学、渗漏力学以及密封学的基础上,得出了密封段气体泄漏量的理论计算公式以及其与钻孔直径、封孔器与钻孔周边的间隙以及封孔长度的关系。
研制了ZTL20/1000型连续流量法煤巷突出预测装置[0],该装置能够实现在钻孔钻进过程中对钻孔中瓦斯涌出量以及钻孔深度进行实时数据采集,且能够将所采集到的数据进行显示、储存,并能够反馈控制整个装置。
首次利用该套设备在薛湖煤矿进行现场试验,得到了硬煤中含构造煤钻孔瓦斯涌出量随钻进深度变化的基本规律,并利用该规律准确预测了掘进工作面前方突出危险性,同时确定了构造煤的分布位置,为如何采取防突措施提供了正确依据,提高了掘进速度,创造了良好的经济效益和安全效益。
Coal and gad outburst is one of most serious natural disasters that threaten coal mine safe product, while the number of coal and gas outburst in advancing coal way accounts for the top of the total number of coal and gas outburst in coal mines. So research on outburst prediction of advancing coal way makes sense very much.
By analyzing common questions of existing outburst predict indicators of advancing coal way, and research status quo in domestic and abroad, the technology of continual flux method to predict outburst in coal way is brought forward in this paper. Dynamic releasing law of methane in borehole, equipment manufacturing for prediction and trial in coal mine are also studied in this paper.
This paper summarizes the research actuality of outburst prediction of advancing coal way in domestic and abroad, analyzes shortage of existing predictive technology in China, finds the technical approach to establish predictive indicator of advancing coal way. OnИ.В. Paclv’s theory from the former Soviet Union basis, the author established indicator by measuring initial releasing flux in borehole continually, which can reflect the influence of geological stress, methane pressure and coal intensity which can be as a token of coal and gas outburst in front of the advancing workface. The author’s academic basis is pressure-release area theory and spherical shell lose stability theory.
The author established dynamic model of methane released from borehole wall in the course of drilling in bastard coal and in structure coal that in bastard coal using Flac3d software; derived formula between accumulated methane volume from coal dust and time, based on FICK diffusion law, associated with characteristic of methane release from coal dust; and also derived dynamic law of released methane volume from borehole in the period of drilling with drill length by mathematic superposition method: in the course of drilling, methane volume released from borehole wall increases gradually while the length of borehole extended, methane volume comes to peak at the moment drill length does not extend; under circumstance of falling across structure coal there will be a inflexion, a sudden increase will be present.
On fluid mechanics, leakage mechanics and seal doctrine basis, according to analyzing borehole seal mechanism and the demands of predictive equipment and any other factors, author derived formula of leakage volume, and relationship among borehole diameter, clearance between borehole seal equipment and borehole and seal length.
Continual flux method coal way outburst predictive equipment ZTL20/1000 is invented. The equipment not only realize real time data selection with borehole length extended but also realize data display, data storage and feedback control.
The equipment has been used in XueHu coal mine ,not only validates the dynamic law referred before, but also predicts the distribution of structure coal in front of advancing workface, which provide coal mine for correct advice that whether or not to take action to prevent outburst, which speed up advance efficiency, generate better economic benefit and safety benefit.
文中综述了目前国内外煤巷掘进工作面突出预测的研究现状,分析了目前我国煤巷掘进工作面突出预测技术存在的问题,指出了煤巷掘进工作面动态法预测指标的技术途径。以И.В.包布洛夫的卸压带理论为基础,根据球壳失稳机理及初始释放瓦斯膨胀测定原理,提出了连续测定钻孔过程中的钻孔瓦斯涌出量随钻进深度的变化曲线,该曲线能够综合反映地应力、瓦斯压力和煤体强度对突出危险的影响,能够表征掘进工作面前方的突出危险性。
利用FLAC3D为工具,建立了在硬煤和硬煤中含构造煤情况下,钻进过程孔壁瓦斯涌出的动态模型,同时以FICK扩散定律为理论基础,结合煤屑瓦斯涌出过程的基本特点,推导出煤屑瓦斯累计涌出量与时间的关系方程,并利用数学叠加的方法,得到钻孔过程中钻孔瓦斯涌出量随钻进深度变化的动态规律:在钻孔钻进过程中,随钻孔深度的逐渐延伸,钻孔瓦斯涌出量不断增加,停钻瞬间钻孔瓦斯涌出量最大;在遇到构造煤的情况下,会出现拐点,钻孔瓦斯涌出量会出现激增,其变化趋势仍然随钻孔深度的增加逐渐递增。
通过对钻孔密封机理及煤巷突出预测装置的钻孔密封段的封孔要求及各种影响因素分析,在流体力学、渗漏力学以及密封学的基础上,得出了密封段气体泄漏量的理论计算公式以及其与钻孔直径、封孔器与钻孔周边的间隙以及封孔长度的关系。
研制了ZTL20/1000型连续流量法煤巷突出预测装置[0],该装置能够实现在钻孔钻进过程中对钻孔中瓦斯涌出量以及钻孔深度进行实时数据采集,且能够将所采集到的数据进行显示、储存,并能够反馈控制整个装置。
首次利用该套设备在薛湖煤矿进行现场试验,得到了硬煤中含构造煤钻孔瓦斯涌出量随钻进深度变化的基本规律,并利用该规律准确预测了掘进工作面前方突出危险性,同时确定了构造煤的分布位置,为如何采取防突措施提供了正确依据,提高了掘进速度,创造了良好的经济效益和安全效益。
Coal and gad outburst is one of most serious natural disasters that threaten coal mine safe product, while the number of coal and gas outburst in advancing coal way accounts for the top of the total number of coal and gas outburst in coal mines. So research on outburst prediction of advancing coal way makes sense very much.
By analyzing common questions of existing outburst predict indicators of advancing coal way, and research status quo in domestic and abroad, the technology of continual flux method to predict outburst in coal way is brought forward in this paper. Dynamic releasing law of methane in borehole, equipment manufacturing for prediction and trial in coal mine are also studied in this paper.
This paper summarizes the research actuality of outburst prediction of advancing coal way in domestic and abroad, analyzes shortage of existing predictive technology in China, finds the technical approach to establish predictive indicator of advancing coal way. OnИ.В. Paclv’s theory from the former Soviet Union basis, the author established indicator by measuring initial releasing flux in borehole continually, which can reflect the influence of geological stress, methane pressure and coal intensity which can be as a token of coal and gas outburst in front of the advancing workface. The author’s academic basis is pressure-release area theory and spherical shell lose stability theory.
The author established dynamic model of methane released from borehole wall in the course of drilling in bastard coal and in structure coal that in bastard coal using Flac3d software; derived formula between accumulated methane volume from coal dust and time, based on FICK diffusion law, associated with characteristic of methane release from coal dust; and also derived dynamic law of released methane volume from borehole in the period of drilling with drill length by mathematic superposition method: in the course of drilling, methane volume released from borehole wall increases gradually while the length of borehole extended, methane volume comes to peak at the moment drill length does not extend; under circumstance of falling across structure coal there will be a inflexion, a sudden increase will be present.
On fluid mechanics, leakage mechanics and seal doctrine basis, according to analyzing borehole seal mechanism and the demands of predictive equipment and any other factors, author derived formula of leakage volume, and relationship among borehole diameter, clearance between borehole seal equipment and borehole and seal length.
Continual flux method coal way outburst predictive equipment ZTL20/1000 is invented. The equipment not only realize real time data selection with borehole length extended but also realize data display, data storage and feedback control.
The equipment has been used in XueHu coal mine ,not only validates the dynamic law referred before, but also predicts the distribution of structure coal in front of advancing workface, which provide coal mine for correct advice that whether or not to take action to prevent outburst, which speed up advance efficiency, generate better economic benefit and safety benefit.
引文
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