双排桩支护结构性状研究
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摘要
双排桩基坑支护体系是二十世纪九十年代出现的新型结构,因其抗侧移刚度大,可增加无支撑排桩的支撑深度,与锚撑式排桩支护体系相比具有造价低、方便土方开挖、缩短工期等优点。目前,双排桩支护结构尚未有成熟的设计方法,对双排桩的受力机理、工作性状和适用条件等缺少系统、深入的研究。本文在前人研究成果的基础上结合具体工程对双排桩支护结构进行了较系统、深入的研究,主要工作和研究成果如下：
(1)采用大型有限元通用软件ABAQUS对双排桩支护的深基坑开挖过程进行了数值模拟,深入分析了土压力分布形式、桩身内力和变形等在基坑开挖过程中的变化情况,并分析了前后排桩间距、桩身嵌固深度、连系梁刚度、桩身刚度、被动区土体加固、桩间土体加固等因素对双排桩支护性状的影响,对优化双排桩支护设计提出合理建议；
(2)较全面地研究了基坑开挖过程中,两榀双排桩之间的土体工作性状,根据Hewlett土拱理论和桩间土整体稳定性要求,推导了考虑土拱效应的桩间距公式,并通过工程实例与已有计算方法进行了对比；分析了桩间距对双排桩性状的影响,提出合理桩间距的取值范围;
(3)详细分析了基坑开挖的三维空间效应,研究了基坑不同平面尺寸下的圈梁变形特征,分别给出了圈梁在水平面上的影响范围,以及纵向区域内考虑圈梁约束效应的围护桩变形取值；
(4)通过弹性力学解答,深入分析了基坑开挖面以上超载所引起的附加应力分布形式,得出了坑中坑受力变形最不利的分布区域；对坑中坑问题进行了数值模拟,并基于有限元计算结果,通过正交分析试验,对影响坑中坑及基坑围护结构稳定性的各因素进行了敏感度分析；
(5)通过若干工程案例的实测数据和数值模拟成果进行分析对比,验证了本文采用的计算模型的可重复性以及对坑中坑影响估算的可行性和合理性；
(6)在以上工作基础上提出进一步开展相关研究工作的建议。
Double-row piles structure is a new kind of braced diaphragm structure in excavation that was first used in 1990s. The double-row piles has a much higher lateral stiffness compared to the single row soldier piles, and can be designed in a cantilever manner without any struts, which makes it cost lower, excavate more conveniently and shorten the construction duration. However, there is little mature design method at present, and lack of systematic study on the mechanic behavior and applicability. This thesis carries out a detailed research on the double-row piles based on the literature and several engineering cases. The main work and conclusions are as follows:
(1) The excavation sequences are simulated by ABAQUS, and the distribution of soil pressure, the stresses of the soldier piles and the deformation are analyzed. The influencing factors are studied, which includes the row spacing, embedment of the pile, rigidity of the linkage, stiffness of the pile, strengthen of the passive area and reinforcement between the piles. Suggestions of optimization are then put forward;
(2) The soil arch between piles are simulated and researched. A simplified calculation method to determine the pile spacing is obtained based on the Hewlett theory and the entire stability of the soil mass between soldier piles, and is verified by engineering cases by other methods. The effect of the pile spacing is studied and rational range of the pile spacing is given;
(3) Three dimensional finite element analysis are carried out to study the behavior of the ring beam, the influenced region in horizontal direction is found and the deflection of the pile considering the ring beam effect is also obtained;
(4) The patterns of additional stress produced by the overload above the pit is drawn and described in detail, and the area of the most unfavorable position of the pit-in-pit is received; orthogonal experiments are conducted based on large quantity of numerical experiments, and the factors that effect the stability of the pit-in-pit are ranged in the order of sensitivity;
(5) According to several case studies, the repeatability of the numerical modeling and the estimation of the impact of the pit-in-pit are confirmed;
(6) Advice to the further study on the deep excavation.
(1)采用大型有限元通用软件ABAQUS对双排桩支护的深基坑开挖过程进行了数值模拟,深入分析了土压力分布形式、桩身内力和变形等在基坑开挖过程中的变化情况,并分析了前后排桩间距、桩身嵌固深度、连系梁刚度、桩身刚度、被动区土体加固、桩间土体加固等因素对双排桩支护性状的影响,对优化双排桩支护设计提出合理建议；
(2)较全面地研究了基坑开挖过程中,两榀双排桩之间的土体工作性状,根据Hewlett土拱理论和桩间土整体稳定性要求,推导了考虑土拱效应的桩间距公式,并通过工程实例与已有计算方法进行了对比；分析了桩间距对双排桩性状的影响,提出合理桩间距的取值范围;
(3)详细分析了基坑开挖的三维空间效应,研究了基坑不同平面尺寸下的圈梁变形特征,分别给出了圈梁在水平面上的影响范围,以及纵向区域内考虑圈梁约束效应的围护桩变形取值；
(4)通过弹性力学解答,深入分析了基坑开挖面以上超载所引起的附加应力分布形式,得出了坑中坑受力变形最不利的分布区域；对坑中坑问题进行了数值模拟,并基于有限元计算结果,通过正交分析试验,对影响坑中坑及基坑围护结构稳定性的各因素进行了敏感度分析；
(5)通过若干工程案例的实测数据和数值模拟成果进行分析对比,验证了本文采用的计算模型的可重复性以及对坑中坑影响估算的可行性和合理性；
(6)在以上工作基础上提出进一步开展相关研究工作的建议。
Double-row piles structure is a new kind of braced diaphragm structure in excavation that was first used in 1990s. The double-row piles has a much higher lateral stiffness compared to the single row soldier piles, and can be designed in a cantilever manner without any struts, which makes it cost lower, excavate more conveniently and shorten the construction duration. However, there is little mature design method at present, and lack of systematic study on the mechanic behavior and applicability. This thesis carries out a detailed research on the double-row piles based on the literature and several engineering cases. The main work and conclusions are as follows:
(1) The excavation sequences are simulated by ABAQUS, and the distribution of soil pressure, the stresses of the soldier piles and the deformation are analyzed. The influencing factors are studied, which includes the row spacing, embedment of the pile, rigidity of the linkage, stiffness of the pile, strengthen of the passive area and reinforcement between the piles. Suggestions of optimization are then put forward;
(2) The soil arch between piles are simulated and researched. A simplified calculation method to determine the pile spacing is obtained based on the Hewlett theory and the entire stability of the soil mass between soldier piles, and is verified by engineering cases by other methods. The effect of the pile spacing is studied and rational range of the pile spacing is given;
(3) Three dimensional finite element analysis are carried out to study the behavior of the ring beam, the influenced region in horizontal direction is found and the deflection of the pile considering the ring beam effect is also obtained;
(4) The patterns of additional stress produced by the overload above the pit is drawn and described in detail, and the area of the most unfavorable position of the pit-in-pit is received; orthogonal experiments are conducted based on large quantity of numerical experiments, and the factors that effect the stability of the pit-in-pit are ranged in the order of sensitivity;
(5) According to several case studies, the repeatability of the numerical modeling and the estimation of the impact of the pit-in-pit are confirmed;
(6) Advice to the further study on the deep excavation.
引文
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