A_1菌特性及其强化处理污水研究
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摘要
生物强化技术是通过向废水处理系统中直接投加从自然界筛选的优势菌种或通过基因重组技术产生的高效菌种,达到对某种或某类有害物质的去除或某方面性能优化的目的,从而最终提高系统的处理能力,是现代微生物培养技术在废水处理领域的良好应用和扩展。
本文以从人参栽培土壤中筛选的菌种(暂命名为A1,现由东北大学环境工程研究所保存)为试验菌种,研究其生理生化特性,以模拟淀粉废水、模拟含纤维素废水、模拟味精废水和实际校园污水为研究对象,研究A1菌对这几种废水的强化作用。
研究结果表明：A1菌的最适温度为25℃～30℃,它能分解葡萄糖产酸并分解葡萄糖的代谢产物,能分解淀粉、纤维素和柠檬酸。
将A1菌直接投入模拟淀粉废水、模拟含纤维素废水和模拟味精废水,发现A1菌对它们都有良好的降解效果。研究了菌体培养时间、培养温度、摇床转速等因素对模拟淀粉废水处理效果的影响,结果表明：在温度30℃,摇床转速160r/min,废水自然pH条件下(pH=6.6～7.0),不经灭菌的模拟淀粉废水120h的CODcr去除率最高可达97.5%；通过滤纸失重率和CMC酶活测定,可知A1菌产纤维素降解酶高峰期在第4～6天,第6天的滤纸失重率为15%,24h模拟含纤维素废水的CODcr去除率为78.3%；对模拟味精废水的研究表明,在废水初始pH为碱性,温度30℃,摇床转速160r/min条件下,96h CODcr去除率即可达92.6%。
将A1菌投加于活性污泥中处理模拟淀粉废水和实际校园污水,可缩短污泥驯化期,结果表明：4h模拟淀粉废水的CODcr去除率即能达到90%以上,24hCODcr去除率为95.0%；5h后实际校园污水的CODcr浓度由原来的1438.5mg/L降为70.9mg/L,CODcr去除率为95.1%,即可达到《城镇污水排放标准》二级排放标准,都优于不加A1菌的活性污泥法处理效果。
Bioaugmentation directly adds predominant bacteria screened from natural world or high-efficiency bacteria created by means of genetic combination technology to the system, removes some particular harmful material or optimizes the capacity, and finally improve the treatment ability. It is a good application and development of modern microbiological culture technology in the field of wastewater treatment.
In this paper bacterium was selected from ginseng soil(temporarily named as A1 and preserved by Environmental Engineering Institute of Northeastern University). It took simulated starch wastewater, simulated wastewater cellulose, simulated MSG wastewater and real campus wastewater as research objects, and study the affect it does on these kinds of wastewater.
The physiological and biochemical experiments showed that the most suitable temperature for A1 is from 25℃to 30℃. It is capable of decomposition of glucose acid, the metabolism of glucose, starch, cellulose and citric acid.
When A1 was added into analog starch wastewater, simulated cellulose wastewater, or simulated MSG wastewater, it is realized that A1 have good degradability. After the study on the effect on the simulated starch wastewater by facters as the thalli culturing time, culturing temperature, moving speed of shaking table, etc. The result shows that when the temperature is 30℃, the shaking table moves at a rate of 160r/min, and the pH equals 6.6～7.0, the CODcr removal rate of the simulated starch wastewater without sterilization can be as high as 97.5% after 120 hours. By means of the filter weight loss rate and determination on CMC enzyme activity, we know that the peak appears from the fourth day to the sixth day. The filter weight loss rate is 16% on the sixth day. The CODcr removal rate of simulated cellulose wastewater is 78.3% after 24 hours. Based on the study on the simulated MSG wastewater, it shows that if the Ph>7 at the beginning, the CODcr removal rate is 92.6% after 96 hours.
Adding A1 into the activated sludge for the simulated starch wastewater and real campus sewage treatment process, we found that the CODcr removal rate on the simulated starch wastewater can be more than 90 percent after 4h, and CODcr removal rate is 95.0% after 24h; in terms of campus sewage disposal, the CODcr density reduces from 1438.5mg/L to 79.9mg/L after 5h, and the CODcr removal rate is 95.1 percent, which then can accomplish the second emission standards of Urban Sewage Discharge Standards, and is better than the activated sludge treatment without A1.
本文以从人参栽培土壤中筛选的菌种(暂命名为A1,现由东北大学环境工程研究所保存)为试验菌种,研究其生理生化特性,以模拟淀粉废水、模拟含纤维素废水、模拟味精废水和实际校园污水为研究对象,研究A1菌对这几种废水的强化作用。
研究结果表明：A1菌的最适温度为25℃～30℃,它能分解葡萄糖产酸并分解葡萄糖的代谢产物,能分解淀粉、纤维素和柠檬酸。
将A1菌直接投入模拟淀粉废水、模拟含纤维素废水和模拟味精废水,发现A1菌对它们都有良好的降解效果。研究了菌体培养时间、培养温度、摇床转速等因素对模拟淀粉废水处理效果的影响,结果表明：在温度30℃,摇床转速160r/min,废水自然pH条件下(pH=6.6～7.0),不经灭菌的模拟淀粉废水120h的CODcr去除率最高可达97.5%；通过滤纸失重率和CMC酶活测定,可知A1菌产纤维素降解酶高峰期在第4～6天,第6天的滤纸失重率为15%,24h模拟含纤维素废水的CODcr去除率为78.3%；对模拟味精废水的研究表明,在废水初始pH为碱性,温度30℃,摇床转速160r/min条件下,96h CODcr去除率即可达92.6%。
将A1菌投加于活性污泥中处理模拟淀粉废水和实际校园污水,可缩短污泥驯化期,结果表明：4h模拟淀粉废水的CODcr去除率即能达到90%以上,24hCODcr去除率为95.0%；5h后实际校园污水的CODcr浓度由原来的1438.5mg/L降为70.9mg/L,CODcr去除率为95.1%,即可达到《城镇污水排放标准》二级排放标准,都优于不加A1菌的活性污泥法处理效果。
Bioaugmentation directly adds predominant bacteria screened from natural world or high-efficiency bacteria created by means of genetic combination technology to the system, removes some particular harmful material or optimizes the capacity, and finally improve the treatment ability. It is a good application and development of modern microbiological culture technology in the field of wastewater treatment.
In this paper bacterium was selected from ginseng soil(temporarily named as A1 and preserved by Environmental Engineering Institute of Northeastern University). It took simulated starch wastewater, simulated wastewater cellulose, simulated MSG wastewater and real campus wastewater as research objects, and study the affect it does on these kinds of wastewater.
The physiological and biochemical experiments showed that the most suitable temperature for A1 is from 25℃to 30℃. It is capable of decomposition of glucose acid, the metabolism of glucose, starch, cellulose and citric acid.
When A1 was added into analog starch wastewater, simulated cellulose wastewater, or simulated MSG wastewater, it is realized that A1 have good degradability. After the study on the effect on the simulated starch wastewater by facters as the thalli culturing time, culturing temperature, moving speed of shaking table, etc. The result shows that when the temperature is 30℃, the shaking table moves at a rate of 160r/min, and the pH equals 6.6～7.0, the CODcr removal rate of the simulated starch wastewater without sterilization can be as high as 97.5% after 120 hours. By means of the filter weight loss rate and determination on CMC enzyme activity, we know that the peak appears from the fourth day to the sixth day. The filter weight loss rate is 16% on the sixth day. The CODcr removal rate of simulated cellulose wastewater is 78.3% after 24 hours. Based on the study on the simulated MSG wastewater, it shows that if the Ph>7 at the beginning, the CODcr removal rate is 92.6% after 96 hours.
Adding A1 into the activated sludge for the simulated starch wastewater and real campus sewage treatment process, we found that the CODcr removal rate on the simulated starch wastewater can be more than 90 percent after 4h, and CODcr removal rate is 95.0% after 24h; in terms of campus sewage disposal, the CODcr density reduces from 1438.5mg/L to 79.9mg/L after 5h, and the CODcr removal rate is 95.1 percent, which then can accomplish the second emission standards of Urban Sewage Discharge Standards, and is better than the activated sludge treatment without A1.
引文
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