发光二极管特征参数分析及其测试技术研究
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摘要
本文在发光二极管的特征参数及其测试条件的理论基础上，介绍了一种能够对发光二极管(LED)或其它光源作相关光电参数和色参数进行测试的测试仪器的设计，同时在实践中对相关的理论和测试方法进行了探讨和验证。该仪器系统采用光电二极管作为光电探测传感器，以AT89C51单片机为核心处理器，进行数据采集和现场控制，并通过与PC机发生通信，将数据发回PC机进行进一步的处理，PC可在此基础上从算法级对二极管特征参数进行分析和运算，并进而以合适的数据表现方式给出分析结果。
全文共分六章。
第一章绪论，介绍了国内外发光二极管产业的现况和发展前景，揭示了对发光二极管特征参数进行准确测试的重要性以及现有的一些测试方法的不足之处，并在此基础上提出了本课题的研究方向。
第二章理论综述，简要介绍了发光二极管结构特点，分析并给出了各项重要特征参数及其测试原理和方法，这是本论文的理论基础部分。
第三章给了出了系统的总体设计方案，介绍了仪器系统的总体结构设计和测试方案，以做便于在此基础上对系统设计进行硬件系统和软件系统方面上的展开。
第四章硬件设计，从硬件方面对系统的各个子功能系统进行了细致的阐述，对各个子功能的实现提出了切实可行的解决办法。
第五章给出了本系统的软件部分结合程序流程框图和代码，对人机界面和交互接口的实现，数据处理算法的实现等作出了详细的剖析。软件部分为提高测试准确度在软件上对采集数据进行了软件抗干扰优化，对于单片机与PC机之间的数据交互进行了可靠的通信协议设计，从软件方面保证了设计的实用性。
最后一章给出了利用本仪器系统进行测试的一些实际测量结果，并对之进行了分析和讨论，并提出了一些改进意见。部分数据结果以表格的形式在附录中给出。
This paper introduces an instrument which is applied to measuring the characteristic parameters of light emitting diode's or some of other light sources'. Relevant theories are verified by this instrument.The principle of this instrument system can be described as follows:it takes photodiode as its detector, and a single-chip MCU named AT89C51 is the core processor that manages data acquisition,field control,data communication,etc.PC analyses datas and apply algorithms to get the characteristic parameters of LED,and then gives out the results of analyse in proper ways.
This paper consists of six chapters.
In the first chapter, the current circumstance of LED industry in the world and the prospect of this industry are described.Here.The measurement of LEDs are emphasised on for it's importance,some of existing methods' defects are enumerated,and then the attention of this dissertion is derived.
Chapter two,just gives some characteristic parameters of LED's and the principle of measuring mediods.
Chapter three talks about the overall scheme that concerns about the design of the system's architecture and measuring plan. Based on this part,hardware and software is designed.
The next chapter four introduces the hardware with dividen functional blocks in details,and applicable mediods dealing with all the functional blocks in hardwre are issued.
In chapter five, there are many procedures associated with flow diagrams or codes ,they make the system use easily and effectively.The implement of the user's interfaces , data interfaces and algorithms are expressed here,especially the designing of dealing with anti-noise and communication protocol.
The final chapter we summarized the work what has been done in this dissertion , and some results of LEDs' measurent with this instrument are listed(some of them are listed as table in appendix.) .we also point out the shortcomings of the system,and further work is looked forward.
全文共分六章。
第一章绪论，介绍了国内外发光二极管产业的现况和发展前景，揭示了对发光二极管特征参数进行准确测试的重要性以及现有的一些测试方法的不足之处，并在此基础上提出了本课题的研究方向。
第二章理论综述，简要介绍了发光二极管结构特点，分析并给出了各项重要特征参数及其测试原理和方法，这是本论文的理论基础部分。
第三章给了出了系统的总体设计方案，介绍了仪器系统的总体结构设计和测试方案，以做便于在此基础上对系统设计进行硬件系统和软件系统方面上的展开。
第四章硬件设计，从硬件方面对系统的各个子功能系统进行了细致的阐述，对各个子功能的实现提出了切实可行的解决办法。
第五章给出了本系统的软件部分结合程序流程框图和代码，对人机界面和交互接口的实现，数据处理算法的实现等作出了详细的剖析。软件部分为提高测试准确度在软件上对采集数据进行了软件抗干扰优化，对于单片机与PC机之间的数据交互进行了可靠的通信协议设计，从软件方面保证了设计的实用性。
最后一章给出了利用本仪器系统进行测试的一些实际测量结果，并对之进行了分析和讨论，并提出了一些改进意见。部分数据结果以表格的形式在附录中给出。
This paper introduces an instrument which is applied to measuring the characteristic parameters of light emitting diode's or some of other light sources'. Relevant theories are verified by this instrument.The principle of this instrument system can be described as follows:it takes photodiode as its detector, and a single-chip MCU named AT89C51 is the core processor that manages data acquisition,field control,data communication,etc.PC analyses datas and apply algorithms to get the characteristic parameters of LED,and then gives out the results of analyse in proper ways.
This paper consists of six chapters.
In the first chapter, the current circumstance of LED industry in the world and the prospect of this industry are described.Here.The measurement of LEDs are emphasised on for it's importance,some of existing methods' defects are enumerated,and then the attention of this dissertion is derived.
Chapter two,just gives some characteristic parameters of LED's and the principle of measuring mediods.
Chapter three talks about the overall scheme that concerns about the design of the system's architecture and measuring plan. Based on this part,hardware and software is designed.
The next chapter four introduces the hardware with dividen functional blocks in details,and applicable mediods dealing with all the functional blocks in hardwre are issued.
In chapter five, there are many procedures associated with flow diagrams or codes ,they make the system use easily and effectively.The implement of the user's interfaces , data interfaces and algorithms are expressed here,especially the designing of dealing with anti-noise and communication protocol.
The final chapter we summarized the work what has been done in this dissertion , and some results of LEDs' measurent with this instrument are listed(some of them are listed as table in appendix.) .we also point out the shortcomings of the system,and further work is looked forward.
引文
[1]Yoshi Ohno. LED Photometric Standards. ATP National Meeting, Photonics Manufacturing, 1999
[2]R.Young. LED Measurement Instrumentation. CIE Advanced LED Seminar. 2001
[3]Richard Young. LED Measurement. the Aerospace Lighting Institute Seminar. 2003
[4]Labsphere. The Radiometry of Light Emitting Diodes. 2001
[5]Labsphere. A Guide to Itergating Sphere Radiometry and Photometry. 2000
[6]International Light. The Light Measurement Handbook. 1997
[7]International Commission on Illumination. Measurement of LEDs. Publication CIE127-1997.
[8]John A. McNeill. Light Emittiong Diodes characteristices. Sample Lab. 1997
[9]Thomas Nǎgele. Problems and requirements of the optical characterization of LEDs. the 2nd CIE Expert Symposium on LED Measurement. 2001
[10]Optronic LaboratoriesInc , Orando, Florida, USA.. Eliminating LED Measurement Errors. application notes(16). 2001
[11]何立民．MCS-51系列单片机应用系统设计系统配置与接口技术．北京：北京航空航天大学出版社，1995
[12]何立民．单片机应用技术选编(8)．北京：北京航空航天大学出版社，1999
[13]刘光斌．单片机系统实用抗干扰技术．北京：人民邮电出版社，2003
[14]阎石．数字电子技术基础．北京：高等教育出版社，1994
[15]吴继宗，叶关荣． 光辐射测量．北京：机械工业出版社，1992
[16]吴强，郭光灿．光学．合肥：中国科技大学出版社，12001
[17]缪家鼎．光电技术．杭州：浙江大学山版社，1995
[18]梁铨廷．物理光学．北京：机械工业出版社，1996
[19]侯俊杰．深入浅出MFC(第二版)．武汉：华中科技大学出版社，2001
[20]Charles Petzold．Programming Windows(5th edition)．北京：北京大学出版社，2001
[21]徐淑华，程退安．单片微型机原理与应用．哈尔滨：哈尔滨工业大学山版社，1996
[22]Pilips Data Handbook . Philips Semiconductors 80c51-Based 8-Bit Microcontrollers. 1992
[23]马忠梅，籍顺心，张凯 马岩．单片机的C语言应用程序设计(第3版)．北京：北京航空航天大学出版社，1995
[24]王晓明．电动机的单片机控制．北京：北京航空航天大学出版社，2002
[25]苏立国．自动光栅单色仪光谱分析系统的设计和实现．机电工程，2001(18)：4，P67-69
[26]王林涛，李开成．低噪声光电检测电路的设计和噪声估算．武汉理工大学学报，2001(23)：3，P16-18
[27]吕亮，姜晓梅．LED光学参数的测量技术与LED国家光度标准的研究．国际光电与显示，2002：5
[28]金尚忠，王东辉．发光二极管光谱参数测试方法的研究．光电子·激光，2002(13)：8，P824-825
[29]鲍超．发光二极管测试技术和标准． 物理，2003(32)：5，P319-P324
[30]杨亦红，鲍超． 采用串口通信的光谱响应测试仪中数据帧的设计．光学仪器，2003(25)：4，P59-63
[31]潘建根．LED光色电综合性能分析测试原理与仪器．液晶与显示，2003(18)：2
[32]苏弘，周波．一种低噪声快电荷灵敏前置放大器的研制． 核电子学与探测技术，2003(23)：2，P105-112
[33]http://www.nichia.co.jp
[34]http://www.lightingchina.com
[35]http://www.theledlight.com
[36]http://www.huaxian.net.cn
[37]http://www.gigahertz-optick.com
[38]http://www.intertechusa.com/
[2]R.Young. LED Measurement Instrumentation. CIE Advanced LED Seminar. 2001
[3]Richard Young. LED Measurement. the Aerospace Lighting Institute Seminar. 2003
[4]Labsphere. The Radiometry of Light Emitting Diodes. 2001
[5]Labsphere. A Guide to Itergating Sphere Radiometry and Photometry. 2000
[6]International Light. The Light Measurement Handbook. 1997
[7]International Commission on Illumination. Measurement of LEDs. Publication CIE127-1997.
[8]John A. McNeill. Light Emittiong Diodes characteristices. Sample Lab. 1997
[9]Thomas Nǎgele. Problems and requirements of the optical characterization of LEDs. the 2nd CIE Expert Symposium on LED Measurement. 2001
[10]Optronic LaboratoriesInc , Orando, Florida, USA.. Eliminating LED Measurement Errors. application notes(16). 2001
[11]何立民．MCS-51系列单片机应用系统设计系统配置与接口技术．北京：北京航空航天大学出版社，1995
[12]何立民．单片机应用技术选编(8)．北京：北京航空航天大学出版社，1999
[13]刘光斌．单片机系统实用抗干扰技术．北京：人民邮电出版社，2003
[14]阎石．数字电子技术基础．北京：高等教育出版社，1994
[15]吴继宗，叶关荣． 光辐射测量．北京：机械工业出版社，1992
[16]吴强，郭光灿．光学．合肥：中国科技大学出版社，12001
[17]缪家鼎．光电技术．杭州：浙江大学山版社，1995
[18]梁铨廷．物理光学．北京：机械工业出版社，1996
[19]侯俊杰．深入浅出MFC(第二版)．武汉：华中科技大学出版社，2001
[20]Charles Petzold．Programming Windows(5th edition)．北京：北京大学出版社，2001
[21]徐淑华，程退安．单片微型机原理与应用．哈尔滨：哈尔滨工业大学山版社，1996
[22]Pilips Data Handbook . Philips Semiconductors 80c51-Based 8-Bit Microcontrollers. 1992
[23]马忠梅，籍顺心，张凯 马岩．单片机的C语言应用程序设计(第3版)．北京：北京航空航天大学出版社，1995
[24]王晓明．电动机的单片机控制．北京：北京航空航天大学出版社，2002
[25]苏立国．自动光栅单色仪光谱分析系统的设计和实现．机电工程，2001(18)：4，P67-69
[26]王林涛，李开成．低噪声光电检测电路的设计和噪声估算．武汉理工大学学报，2001(23)：3，P16-18
[27]吕亮，姜晓梅．LED光学参数的测量技术与LED国家光度标准的研究．国际光电与显示，2002：5
[28]金尚忠，王东辉．发光二极管光谱参数测试方法的研究．光电子·激光，2002(13)：8，P824-825
[29]鲍超．发光二极管测试技术和标准． 物理，2003(32)：5，P319-P324
[30]杨亦红，鲍超． 采用串口通信的光谱响应测试仪中数据帧的设计．光学仪器，2003(25)：4，P59-63
[31]潘建根．LED光色电综合性能分析测试原理与仪器．液晶与显示，2003(18)：2
[32]苏弘，周波．一种低噪声快电荷灵敏前置放大器的研制． 核电子学与探测技术，2003(23)：2，P105-112
[33]http://www.nichia.co.jp
[34]http://www.lightingchina.com
[35]http://www.theledlight.com
[36]http://www.huaxian.net.cn
[37]http://www.gigahertz-optick.com
[38]http://www.intertechusa.com/
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