面向运动型多功能车操纵稳定性的建模、仿真与优化
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摘要
SUV(Sport Utility Vehicle),即运动型多功能车。由于其既具有越野车的部分功能,又能够部分满足家庭休闲的需要,因此在市场上颇受欢迎。汽车的操纵稳定性是影响车辆行驶安全的关键因素,在现代高速汽车生产制造中,操纵稳定性显得更加重要,己成为评价汽车性能的重要技术指标之一。随着计算机技术的迅猛发展,基于多体动力学理论的虚拟样机技术在汽车操纵稳定性研究和设计领域中得到了广泛的应用。
本文采用多体系统动力学的理论和方法,运用ADAMS软件建立了某SUV车型前悬架和整车的多体模型,并分别进行了主要定位参数性能及动力学性能仿真,完成了前悬架性能和整车动力学特性的灵敏度分析和优化设计,为该车型的研发提供了一个具有理论指导价值的有效方法。
分析了SUV车型的市场状况和性能特点,以及目前汽车研发技术的现状和相关的先进技术,提出了一套较为完整的SUV车型多体系统动力学模型的建模方法和仿真方法,为SUV车型的建模与仿真打下了坚实的基础。
建立了SUV车型前悬架的多体系统模型,分析了模型中相关参数的选择与确定,确定了前悬架的主要前轮定位参数,并完成了主要定位参数性能的仿真。仿真结果表明,该车型的主要前轮定位参数基本合理,满足设计要求。利用基于灵敏度分析的优化设计方法,完成了前悬架主要性能的优化设计,得到了具有较高指导价值和实用价值的优化结果。
建立了SUV车型整车的多体系统动力学模型,分析和建立了整车相关子系统和零部件的模型,选择了正确、适当的模型参数和建模方法,确定了整车操纵稳定性的主要性能参数,并完成了整车的操纵稳定性仿真。研究了后悬架多体系统动力学模型的关键理论和方法,提出了计算简单快捷、精度较高的中性面建模方法。仿真结果表明,该车型整车的操纵稳定性较好,满足设计要求。
利用所建立的SUV车型前悬架和整车多体系统模型,进行了前悬架主要性能参数和整车操纵稳定性的灵敏度分析,分析了各个设计变量对前悬架主要性能参数和整车操纵稳定性的影响,找出了重要的影响因素,并完成了整车操纵稳定性的动态优化设计,优化结果对于SUV车型的设计与研发有较高的指导价值。
经过仿真计算与分析,所建立的SUV前悬架和整车多体系统模型与实际车型在主要性能参数及其变化趋势上基本相符,得到了该车型生产厂家的认可。
SUV is the sport utility vehicle. Because it not only has some functions of off-road vehicle but also partly satisfies the home recreation requirement, the SUV type is favourablely received in the market. The handling and stability is one of the critical factors affecting the driving safety of vehicles. In the manufacture of high-speed vehicles, the vehicle handling and stability is more important and is becoming the main criterion in vehicle performance evaluation. With the rapid development of the computer technique, the virtual prototype technique based on the multi-body dynamics is widely applied in the vehicle handling and stability research and in the vehicle design region.
Taking into the theory and method of multi-body system dynamics, the multi-body system models of a SUV type front suspension and full vehicle are established with ADAMS software in this dissertation. And the main alignment parameters and dynamic simulations are performed separately. The sensitivity analysis, the optimization design of front suspension performance as well as the full vehicle dynamic performance are finished. This study gives an efficient method which has the theortical guidance value for the SUV type research and development.
It is analyzed about the market situation and the performance nature of SUV type, the R&D technique presentation of the automobile as well as the relevance advanced technology. A comparatively whole set of modeling and simulation method for SUV type is suggested. It is a substantial foundation of SUV modeling and simulation.
The multi-body system models of a SUV type front suspension are set up. It is analyzed for the model relevance parameters to be selected and to be defined. The main front-wheel alignment parameters of front suspension are determined and the simulation is finished. The simulation results show that the main front-wheel alignment parameters of this SUV type are basically reasonable and satisfy the design requirement. Using the optimization design method based on the sensitivity analysis, the optimization design for the main performance of the front suspension is completed. Some optimal results having higher guiding and practical value are obtained.
The multi-body system dynamic model of a SUV full vehicle is founded. The relevance sub-system models of full vehicle are analyzed and are set up. The proper model parameters and modeling methods are chosen. The main handling and stability parameters of the full vehicle are determined and the handling stability simulation of the full vehicle is accomplished. The key theory and technique of the back suspension model are studied. A simple, rapid and accurate kind of medium-plane modeling method is submitted. It is shown by the simulation results that the handling and stability of the full vehicle is fair and is able to satisfy the design requirement.
By the multi-body system models of SUV type front suspension and full vehicle, the sensitivity analysis for the main performance parameters of the front suspension and the full vehicle handling and stability is conducted. It is discussed for the design variables to affect the front suspension performance parameters and the full vehicle handling and stability. The important factors are discovered. At last, the dynamic optimization design of the full vehicle handling and stability is fulfuled. The valuable guidance is supplied for the design and R&D of the SUV type.
Through the simulating calculation and the analysis, the built multi-body models of the SUV front suspension and the full vehicle are accorded with the real vehicle type on the main performance and on the variation trend. The models and the results are confirmed by the manufacturing corporation of the SUV type.
本文采用多体系统动力学的理论和方法,运用ADAMS软件建立了某SUV车型前悬架和整车的多体模型,并分别进行了主要定位参数性能及动力学性能仿真,完成了前悬架性能和整车动力学特性的灵敏度分析和优化设计,为该车型的研发提供了一个具有理论指导价值的有效方法。
分析了SUV车型的市场状况和性能特点,以及目前汽车研发技术的现状和相关的先进技术,提出了一套较为完整的SUV车型多体系统动力学模型的建模方法和仿真方法,为SUV车型的建模与仿真打下了坚实的基础。
建立了SUV车型前悬架的多体系统模型,分析了模型中相关参数的选择与确定,确定了前悬架的主要前轮定位参数,并完成了主要定位参数性能的仿真。仿真结果表明,该车型的主要前轮定位参数基本合理,满足设计要求。利用基于灵敏度分析的优化设计方法,完成了前悬架主要性能的优化设计,得到了具有较高指导价值和实用价值的优化结果。
建立了SUV车型整车的多体系统动力学模型,分析和建立了整车相关子系统和零部件的模型,选择了正确、适当的模型参数和建模方法,确定了整车操纵稳定性的主要性能参数,并完成了整车的操纵稳定性仿真。研究了后悬架多体系统动力学模型的关键理论和方法,提出了计算简单快捷、精度较高的中性面建模方法。仿真结果表明,该车型整车的操纵稳定性较好,满足设计要求。
利用所建立的SUV车型前悬架和整车多体系统模型,进行了前悬架主要性能参数和整车操纵稳定性的灵敏度分析,分析了各个设计变量对前悬架主要性能参数和整车操纵稳定性的影响,找出了重要的影响因素,并完成了整车操纵稳定性的动态优化设计,优化结果对于SUV车型的设计与研发有较高的指导价值。
经过仿真计算与分析,所建立的SUV前悬架和整车多体系统模型与实际车型在主要性能参数及其变化趋势上基本相符,得到了该车型生产厂家的认可。
SUV is the sport utility vehicle. Because it not only has some functions of off-road vehicle but also partly satisfies the home recreation requirement, the SUV type is favourablely received in the market. The handling and stability is one of the critical factors affecting the driving safety of vehicles. In the manufacture of high-speed vehicles, the vehicle handling and stability is more important and is becoming the main criterion in vehicle performance evaluation. With the rapid development of the computer technique, the virtual prototype technique based on the multi-body dynamics is widely applied in the vehicle handling and stability research and in the vehicle design region.
Taking into the theory and method of multi-body system dynamics, the multi-body system models of a SUV type front suspension and full vehicle are established with ADAMS software in this dissertation. And the main alignment parameters and dynamic simulations are performed separately. The sensitivity analysis, the optimization design of front suspension performance as well as the full vehicle dynamic performance are finished. This study gives an efficient method which has the theortical guidance value for the SUV type research and development.
It is analyzed about the market situation and the performance nature of SUV type, the R&D technique presentation of the automobile as well as the relevance advanced technology. A comparatively whole set of modeling and simulation method for SUV type is suggested. It is a substantial foundation of SUV modeling and simulation.
The multi-body system models of a SUV type front suspension are set up. It is analyzed for the model relevance parameters to be selected and to be defined. The main front-wheel alignment parameters of front suspension are determined and the simulation is finished. The simulation results show that the main front-wheel alignment parameters of this SUV type are basically reasonable and satisfy the design requirement. Using the optimization design method based on the sensitivity analysis, the optimization design for the main performance of the front suspension is completed. Some optimal results having higher guiding and practical value are obtained.
The multi-body system dynamic model of a SUV full vehicle is founded. The relevance sub-system models of full vehicle are analyzed and are set up. The proper model parameters and modeling methods are chosen. The main handling and stability parameters of the full vehicle are determined and the handling stability simulation of the full vehicle is accomplished. The key theory and technique of the back suspension model are studied. A simple, rapid and accurate kind of medium-plane modeling method is submitted. It is shown by the simulation results that the handling and stability of the full vehicle is fair and is able to satisfy the design requirement.
By the multi-body system models of SUV type front suspension and full vehicle, the sensitivity analysis for the main performance parameters of the front suspension and the full vehicle handling and stability is conducted. It is discussed for the design variables to affect the front suspension performance parameters and the full vehicle handling and stability. The important factors are discovered. At last, the dynamic optimization design of the full vehicle handling and stability is fulfuled. The valuable guidance is supplied for the design and R&D of the SUV type.
Through the simulating calculation and the analysis, the built multi-body models of the SUV front suspension and the full vehicle are accorded with the real vehicle type on the main performance and on the variation trend. The models and the results are confirmed by the manufacturing corporation of the SUV type.
引文
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