高强度船体肋骨加工回弹及旁弯的实验研究
|
摘要
一直以来,冷弯型钢产品作为重要的结构件,在船舶制造、桥梁、汽车制造等领域得到了广泛的应用。冷弯型钢单位重量的断面性能优于热轧型钢产品,并且具有很高的表面光洁度和尺寸精度,因此冷弯型钢代替热轧型钢可以取得节约钢材又节省能源的双重效果。使用肋骨冷弯机加工船体型材构件,具有成形快、质量高的优点,能够缩短产品制造周期、提高生产效率。
随着船舶事业的快速发展,以及船舶尺度越来越大,人们对应用高强度钢的认识逐步提高,高强度钢在船体结构中得到了广泛的应用。在钢材冷加工方面,有关塑性加工、金属压力加工、板料冲压加工的研究,已经比较深入,但是专门针对船舶与海洋结构物的却很少。本课题对高强度型钢(以肋骨为例)的回弹与旁弯进行分析研究,在对比一般强度船体结构用钢的基础上,得到关于高强度船体肋骨加工回弹与旁弯的研究成果,以填补高强度肋骨冷加工的空白。
本文的主要内容有以下几个方面:
第1章:简要阐述了肋骨加工的方法,以及高强度船体肋骨加工研究的现状和冷弯加工型钢时的特点、现象;
第2章:高强度船体结构用钢与一般强度船体结构用钢的对比:主要是从数据上,比较两者在冷弯加工成形中的力学性能、延伸率、化学成分等几个主要方面;
第3章:高强度船体肋骨冷弯加工时,其回弹规律的实验计算:进行了高强度船体肋骨冷弯加工时回弹量的实验和计算,并推导了高强度肋骨回弹量的表达式,得到关于高强度肋骨冷弯加工回弹规律的有关结论;
第4章:高强度船体肋骨冷弯加工时,其旁弯规律的实验计算:进行了关于消除高强度船体肋骨加工时旁弯变形的理论计算,并通过实验测量,得到了在实际生产中高强度船体肋骨旁弯变形的有关规律;
第5章:总结高强度船体肋骨的回弹、旁弯等变形的计算方法和规律,并提出一些控制回弹、旁弯等有害变形的措施。
Cold-formed profile steel products as the essential structure, has been widely used in shipbuilding, automobile manufacturing, bridge and other fields all the times. Cold-formed profile steel unit weight of the cross-section is better than the performance of hot-rolled profile steel products, and has a very high surface finish and dimensional accuracy, so instead of hot-rolled profile steel, cold-formed profile steel can have dual-effect to steel-saving as well as energy-saving. Take advantage of the frame bending machine, can produce high-quality profile steel products at short notice, and be able to shorten the manufacturing cycle and improve production efficiency accordingly.
With the rapid development of the shipbuilding, the size of the ship is bigger than before as well, the application of high-strength steel is gradually improve, high-strength steel has been widely used in the hull structure. In the aspect of steel cold bending, the research about the plastic processing, metal pressure processing and the sheet metal pressing processing had more in-depth, however, specifically for Naval Architecture and Ocean Structure are rarely. This paper analyses the cold bending of high-strength profile steel (take hull rib as an example), compares with general strength of hull structure steel, conclude some research results of the cold bending of high-strength hull ribs on spring-back and sidewise bending, to fill the gaps in cold bending processing of high- strength hull ribs.
The main contents of this paper have the following aspects:
ChapterⅠ: Summary of the rib-processing method and rib-processing research of high-strength hull, introduce the characteristics and phenomenons of cold-formed high-strength steel;
ChapterⅡ: Contrast of the high-strength steel and general strength steel of hull structure. Cold-formed comparison between the two at the mechanical properties, elongation, chemical composition mainly on data;
ChapterⅢ: The spring-back experimental research and calculation of high-strength rib in cold-formed processing. Experiments and calculations are used in high-strength rib of the hull structure, and deduced the expression of spring-back to get some conclusions of high-strength rib on the spring-back;
ChapterⅣ: The sidewise bending experimental research and calculation of the high-strength rib in cold-forming processing. Carried out the theoretical calculation on the elimination of high-strength ribs in sidewise bending, and through experimental measurements to get some laws in sidewise bending during the actual production of high-strength rib.
ChapterⅤ: Summary of calculation methods and rules of high-strength rib of the hull structure on the spring-back, sidewise bending, etc, put forward some measures on the spring-back, sidewise bending and other harmful deformation control.
随着船舶事业的快速发展,以及船舶尺度越来越大,人们对应用高强度钢的认识逐步提高,高强度钢在船体结构中得到了广泛的应用。在钢材冷加工方面,有关塑性加工、金属压力加工、板料冲压加工的研究,已经比较深入,但是专门针对船舶与海洋结构物的却很少。本课题对高强度型钢(以肋骨为例)的回弹与旁弯进行分析研究,在对比一般强度船体结构用钢的基础上,得到关于高强度船体肋骨加工回弹与旁弯的研究成果,以填补高强度肋骨冷加工的空白。
本文的主要内容有以下几个方面:
第1章:简要阐述了肋骨加工的方法,以及高强度船体肋骨加工研究的现状和冷弯加工型钢时的特点、现象;
第2章:高强度船体结构用钢与一般强度船体结构用钢的对比:主要是从数据上,比较两者在冷弯加工成形中的力学性能、延伸率、化学成分等几个主要方面;
第3章:高强度船体肋骨冷弯加工时,其回弹规律的实验计算:进行了高强度船体肋骨冷弯加工时回弹量的实验和计算,并推导了高强度肋骨回弹量的表达式,得到关于高强度肋骨冷弯加工回弹规律的有关结论;
第4章:高强度船体肋骨冷弯加工时,其旁弯规律的实验计算:进行了关于消除高强度船体肋骨加工时旁弯变形的理论计算,并通过实验测量,得到了在实际生产中高强度船体肋骨旁弯变形的有关规律;
第5章:总结高强度船体肋骨的回弹、旁弯等变形的计算方法和规律,并提出一些控制回弹、旁弯等有害变形的措施。
Cold-formed profile steel products as the essential structure, has been widely used in shipbuilding, automobile manufacturing, bridge and other fields all the times. Cold-formed profile steel unit weight of the cross-section is better than the performance of hot-rolled profile steel products, and has a very high surface finish and dimensional accuracy, so instead of hot-rolled profile steel, cold-formed profile steel can have dual-effect to steel-saving as well as energy-saving. Take advantage of the frame bending machine, can produce high-quality profile steel products at short notice, and be able to shorten the manufacturing cycle and improve production efficiency accordingly.
With the rapid development of the shipbuilding, the size of the ship is bigger than before as well, the application of high-strength steel is gradually improve, high-strength steel has been widely used in the hull structure. In the aspect of steel cold bending, the research about the plastic processing, metal pressure processing and the sheet metal pressing processing had more in-depth, however, specifically for Naval Architecture and Ocean Structure are rarely. This paper analyses the cold bending of high-strength profile steel (take hull rib as an example), compares with general strength of hull structure steel, conclude some research results of the cold bending of high-strength hull ribs on spring-back and sidewise bending, to fill the gaps in cold bending processing of high- strength hull ribs.
The main contents of this paper have the following aspects:
ChapterⅠ: Summary of the rib-processing method and rib-processing research of high-strength hull, introduce the characteristics and phenomenons of cold-formed high-strength steel;
ChapterⅡ: Contrast of the high-strength steel and general strength steel of hull structure. Cold-formed comparison between the two at the mechanical properties, elongation, chemical composition mainly on data;
ChapterⅢ: The spring-back experimental research and calculation of high-strength rib in cold-formed processing. Experiments and calculations are used in high-strength rib of the hull structure, and deduced the expression of spring-back to get some conclusions of high-strength rib on the spring-back;
ChapterⅣ: The sidewise bending experimental research and calculation of the high-strength rib in cold-forming processing. Carried out the theoretical calculation on the elimination of high-strength ribs in sidewise bending, and through experimental measurements to get some laws in sidewise bending during the actual production of high-strength rib.
ChapterⅤ: Summary of calculation methods and rules of high-strength rib of the hull structure on the spring-back, sidewise bending, etc, put forward some measures on the spring-back, sidewise bending and other harmful deformation control.
引文
[1]王勇毅.船体建造工艺学(第二版).北京:人民交通出版社,1989:113-126;
[2]王呈方.船舶钢料加工原理.大连:大连海运学院出版社,1993.4:1-3;
[3]焦玉斌.高强度钢在船舶建造中的原则要求.江苏船舶,2000.2(17):36-38;
[4]王广戈,王笃其,陈捷.船舶与海洋工程材料.上海:上海交通大学出版社,1996.1:55-65;
[5]纪卓尚等.船舶制造工艺力学.北京:国防工业出版社.2005.(5):25-35;
[6]中国船级社.材料与焊接规范(2006):40-45;
[7]朱东波,孙琨,李涤尘,卢秉恒.材料成形回弹问题研究新进展.塑性工程学报,2003(3):11-15;
[8]茅云生,郑军林,王呈方.肋骨冷弯机垂向预弯装置的应用研究.造船技术 2004(1):21-23;
[9]李文平.弯曲回弹变分原理及其数值模拟研究.燕山大学工学博士论文.2006.4:1-5;
[10]吴天俊,洪君健,王呈方.造船机械设备.北京:人民交通出版社,1986.9:20;
[11]陈毓勋.极材与型材弯曲回弹控制原理与方法.北京:国防工业出版社.1990.6:23-25;
[12]Casalino,G.;Ludovico,A.D.Finite element simulation of high speed pulse welding of high specific strength metal alloys.Journal of Materials Processing Technology,v197,n1-3,Feb1,2008,p301-305;
[13]茅云生.板材滚弯时上辊下降值与成形曲率间关系的理论分析.武汉造船,1995(1):22;
[14]茅云生,王呈方等.板材滚弯成形适时控制与研究.交通与计算机,1998(2):66;
[15]李歌乐,赵育新等.船体装配工工艺学.海洋出版社.1997.7:14-16;
[16]柏俊波.船体型材加工逆直线及划线机研究.武汉理工大学硕士学位论文,2003.3:9-13;
[17]肖华,刘艳,汤禹成,张冬娟.高强度钢冲压回弹量对板料力学性能参数的灵敏度分析.锻压设备与制造技术.2007(2):69-71;
[18]Young,Ben;Lui,Wing-Man.Behavior of cold-formed high strength stainless steel sections.Journal of Structural Engineering,v131,n11,November,2005,p1738-1745;
[19]Lindgren,Michael.Experimental investigations of the roll load and roll torque when high strength steel is roll formed.Journal of Materials Processing Technology,v191,n1-3,Aug 1,2007,Advances in Materials and Processing Technologies,p44-47;
[20]章漪云,何晓航.高强度钢在船体结构中的应用探讨.船舶,2004.4(2):30-33;
[21]梁炳文.板金冲压工艺与窍门.北京:机械工业出版社.2004.4:519;
[22]湖南省机械工程学会锻压分会编.冲压工艺.湖南:湖南科学技术出版社.1983.5:120-128;
[23]Lindgren,M.Cold roll forming of a U-channel made of high strength steel.Journal of Materials Processing Technology,v186,n1-3,May 7,2007,p77-81;
[24]Pontremoli,Mauro;Weber,Lucien;Bilg,Christoph;Schwinn,Volker;Knauf,Gerhard;Lippe,Marcus;Ehrhardt,Bertram;Finger,Manfred High-strength steels for plates,pipes and sections Stahl und Eisen,v126,n4,Apr 18,2006,p63-77;
[25]Gergess,Antoine N.;Sen,Rajan.Fabrication of unsymmetrical curved plate girders by cold bending.Journal of Constructional Steel Research,v61,n10,October,2005,p1353-1372;
[26]Rodrigues,F.C.;Santana,P.C.S.C.Buckling curve for cold-formed "S"compressed members.Proceedings-Annual Technical Session,Structural Stability Research Council,Proceedings-2000 Annual Technical Session,and Meeting,Structural Stability Research Council,2000,p129-142;
[27]Gergess,Antoine N.;Sen,Rajan.Refined analysis for cold bending steel plate girders.Journal of Constructional Steel Research,v63,n5,May,2007,p667-676;
[28]Groche P,von Breitenbath G,Jockel M,Zettle A.New tooling concepts for future roll forming applications Institute for Production Engineering and Forming Machines Technology Technische Universitat Darmstadt;
[29]朱东波,陈剑虹,李涤尘等.一种板料弯曲及回弹计算的新方法.西安交通大学学报,2000年5月第34卷第5期:64-74;
[30]翟建军.板料和型材的冲压与成形技术.北京:机械工业出版社.2008.10:290-310;
[31]周开华等译.冷冲压译文集.北京:国防工业出版社.1979:20-35;
[32]冲模设计手册编写组.冲模设计手册.北京:机械工业出版社.1995.5:174-178;
[33]Ona,Hiroshi.Cold roll forming for high tensile strength steel sheet proposition on forming of thin spring steel sheet pipe.Journal of Materials Processing Technology,v153-154,n1-3,Nov10,2004,Proceedings of the International Conference in Advances,p247-252;
[34]Alwood,Todd A.What engineers should know about bending steel.Modern Steel Construction,v46,n5,May,2006,p24-26;
[35]Jiying Liu,Zhengqing Ai.Research and Development of Roll Forming Technology in NCUT 2005;
[36]伍国炎.论船体肋骨冷弯成形加工的自动化.造船技术,1993(2):24-29;
[37]毛卫平.船用球扁钢的开发.株洲工学院学报,2005.5(4):33-35;
[38]黄浩等.船体工艺手册.北京:国防工业出版社.1989.9;
[39]Groche,Peter,Henkelmann,Michael.Dimensional deviation of roll formed components made of high strength steel.Key Engineering Materials,Proceedings of the 12th International Conference,2007,p285-292;
[40]Bhattacharayya D,Smith P D.The Prediction of deformation length in cold roll-forming.Journal of Mechanical Working Technology,1984(9):181-191;
[41]S D Zhu,S M Panton,J L Duncan.The effects of geometric variables in roll forming a channel section.Journal of Engineering Manufacture,1996(210):127-134;
[42]Sedlmaier A,Tann J.Process simulation and quality management for the roll forming industry.Advanced Technology of Plasticity,1999,1(6):19-24;
[43]Demir,Ahmet;Sonmez,Fazil O.Prediction of brinell hardness distribution in cold formed parts.Journal of Engineering Materials and Technology,Transactions of the ASME,v126,n4,October,2004,p398-405;
[44]俞汉清,陈金德.金属塑性成形原理.北京:机械工业出版社,1999.10;
[45]顾善明.船用材料与加工工艺.北京:人民交通出版社.2005.2;
[46]魏春雷.冲压工艺与模具设计.北京:北京理工大学出版社.2007.8:166-168;
[47]武汉理工大学造船自动化设备研究所.SKJXS型数控机械手肋骨冷弯机.2006:3-8;
[48]戴毓芳.船体构架冷弯成形动力计算.武汉水运工程学院学报.1983.3:45-52;
[49]石强.计算机视觉检测在逆直线法肋骨冷弯加工中的应用研究.武汉理工大学硕士学位论文,2004.2:46-47;
[50]胡世光.板料冷压成形原理.北京:国防工业出版社.1979:9-36;
[2]王呈方.船舶钢料加工原理.大连:大连海运学院出版社,1993.4:1-3;
[3]焦玉斌.高强度钢在船舶建造中的原则要求.江苏船舶,2000.2(17):36-38;
[4]王广戈,王笃其,陈捷.船舶与海洋工程材料.上海:上海交通大学出版社,1996.1:55-65;
[5]纪卓尚等.船舶制造工艺力学.北京:国防工业出版社.2005.(5):25-35;
[6]中国船级社.材料与焊接规范(2006):40-45;
[7]朱东波,孙琨,李涤尘,卢秉恒.材料成形回弹问题研究新进展.塑性工程学报,2003(3):11-15;
[8]茅云生,郑军林,王呈方.肋骨冷弯机垂向预弯装置的应用研究.造船技术 2004(1):21-23;
[9]李文平.弯曲回弹变分原理及其数值模拟研究.燕山大学工学博士论文.2006.4:1-5;
[10]吴天俊,洪君健,王呈方.造船机械设备.北京:人民交通出版社,1986.9:20;
[11]陈毓勋.极材与型材弯曲回弹控制原理与方法.北京:国防工业出版社.1990.6:23-25;
[12]Casalino,G.;Ludovico,A.D.Finite element simulation of high speed pulse welding of high specific strength metal alloys.Journal of Materials Processing Technology,v197,n1-3,Feb1,2008,p301-305;
[13]茅云生.板材滚弯时上辊下降值与成形曲率间关系的理论分析.武汉造船,1995(1):22;
[14]茅云生,王呈方等.板材滚弯成形适时控制与研究.交通与计算机,1998(2):66;
[15]李歌乐,赵育新等.船体装配工工艺学.海洋出版社.1997.7:14-16;
[16]柏俊波.船体型材加工逆直线及划线机研究.武汉理工大学硕士学位论文,2003.3:9-13;
[17]肖华,刘艳,汤禹成,张冬娟.高强度钢冲压回弹量对板料力学性能参数的灵敏度分析.锻压设备与制造技术.2007(2):69-71;
[18]Young,Ben;Lui,Wing-Man.Behavior of cold-formed high strength stainless steel sections.Journal of Structural Engineering,v131,n11,November,2005,p1738-1745;
[19]Lindgren,Michael.Experimental investigations of the roll load and roll torque when high strength steel is roll formed.Journal of Materials Processing Technology,v191,n1-3,Aug 1,2007,Advances in Materials and Processing Technologies,p44-47;
[20]章漪云,何晓航.高强度钢在船体结构中的应用探讨.船舶,2004.4(2):30-33;
[21]梁炳文.板金冲压工艺与窍门.北京:机械工业出版社.2004.4:519;
[22]湖南省机械工程学会锻压分会编.冲压工艺.湖南:湖南科学技术出版社.1983.5:120-128;
[23]Lindgren,M.Cold roll forming of a U-channel made of high strength steel.Journal of Materials Processing Technology,v186,n1-3,May 7,2007,p77-81;
[24]Pontremoli,Mauro;Weber,Lucien;Bilg,Christoph;Schwinn,Volker;Knauf,Gerhard;Lippe,Marcus;Ehrhardt,Bertram;Finger,Manfred High-strength steels for plates,pipes and sections Stahl und Eisen,v126,n4,Apr 18,2006,p63-77;
[25]Gergess,Antoine N.;Sen,Rajan.Fabrication of unsymmetrical curved plate girders by cold bending.Journal of Constructional Steel Research,v61,n10,October,2005,p1353-1372;
[26]Rodrigues,F.C.;Santana,P.C.S.C.Buckling curve for cold-formed "S"compressed members.Proceedings-Annual Technical Session,Structural Stability Research Council,Proceedings-2000 Annual Technical Session,and Meeting,Structural Stability Research Council,2000,p129-142;
[27]Gergess,Antoine N.;Sen,Rajan.Refined analysis for cold bending steel plate girders.Journal of Constructional Steel Research,v63,n5,May,2007,p667-676;
[28]Groche P,von Breitenbath G,Jockel M,Zettle A.New tooling concepts for future roll forming applications Institute for Production Engineering and Forming Machines Technology Technische Universitat Darmstadt;
[29]朱东波,陈剑虹,李涤尘等.一种板料弯曲及回弹计算的新方法.西安交通大学学报,2000年5月第34卷第5期:64-74;
[30]翟建军.板料和型材的冲压与成形技术.北京:机械工业出版社.2008.10:290-310;
[31]周开华等译.冷冲压译文集.北京:国防工业出版社.1979:20-35;
[32]冲模设计手册编写组.冲模设计手册.北京:机械工业出版社.1995.5:174-178;
[33]Ona,Hiroshi.Cold roll forming for high tensile strength steel sheet proposition on forming of thin spring steel sheet pipe.Journal of Materials Processing Technology,v153-154,n1-3,Nov10,2004,Proceedings of the International Conference in Advances,p247-252;
[34]Alwood,Todd A.What engineers should know about bending steel.Modern Steel Construction,v46,n5,May,2006,p24-26;
[35]Jiying Liu,Zhengqing Ai.Research and Development of Roll Forming Technology in NCUT 2005;
[36]伍国炎.论船体肋骨冷弯成形加工的自动化.造船技术,1993(2):24-29;
[37]毛卫平.船用球扁钢的开发.株洲工学院学报,2005.5(4):33-35;
[38]黄浩等.船体工艺手册.北京:国防工业出版社.1989.9;
[39]Groche,Peter,Henkelmann,Michael.Dimensional deviation of roll formed components made of high strength steel.Key Engineering Materials,Proceedings of the 12th International Conference,2007,p285-292;
[40]Bhattacharayya D,Smith P D.The Prediction of deformation length in cold roll-forming.Journal of Mechanical Working Technology,1984(9):181-191;
[41]S D Zhu,S M Panton,J L Duncan.The effects of geometric variables in roll forming a channel section.Journal of Engineering Manufacture,1996(210):127-134;
[42]Sedlmaier A,Tann J.Process simulation and quality management for the roll forming industry.Advanced Technology of Plasticity,1999,1(6):19-24;
[43]Demir,Ahmet;Sonmez,Fazil O.Prediction of brinell hardness distribution in cold formed parts.Journal of Engineering Materials and Technology,Transactions of the ASME,v126,n4,October,2004,p398-405;
[44]俞汉清,陈金德.金属塑性成形原理.北京:机械工业出版社,1999.10;
[45]顾善明.船用材料与加工工艺.北京:人民交通出版社.2005.2;
[46]魏春雷.冲压工艺与模具设计.北京:北京理工大学出版社.2007.8:166-168;
[47]武汉理工大学造船自动化设备研究所.SKJXS型数控机械手肋骨冷弯机.2006:3-8;
[48]戴毓芳.船体构架冷弯成形动力计算.武汉水运工程学院学报.1983.3:45-52;
[49]石强.计算机视觉检测在逆直线法肋骨冷弯加工中的应用研究.武汉理工大学硕士学位论文,2004.2:46-47;
[50]胡世光.板料冷压成形原理.北京:国防工业出版社.1979:9-36;
© 2004-2018 中国地质图书馆版权所有 京ICP备05064691号 京公网安备11010802017129号 地址：北京市海淀区学院路29号 邮编：100083 电话：办公室：(+86 10)66554848；文献借阅、咨询服务、科技查新：66554700 |