河南省西峡县龙潭沟金矿成矿物质来源及成因探讨
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摘要
河南省西峡县龙潭沟矿区位于华北板块与扬子板块之间的拼合带—秦岭造山带东段。矿体赋存于黑烟镇花岗岩体与二郎坪群火神庙组地层的内外接触带。通过对龙潭沟矿区岩石化学、微量元素、稀土元素和流体包裹体的分析与研究,结合前人的研究成果,对矿区的成矿物质来源及矿床成因进行探讨。
研究认为龙谭沟金矿是一个多期成矿作用形成的金矿床;主要的赋矿地层为二郎坪群火神庙组,区内成矿作用可以分为三个成矿期:早期同生沉积期、中期变质富集期和后期交代热液期。
通过对矿区地层、构造、岩浆岩的研究,以及微量元素、稀土元素及流体包裹体分析,认为本区金的成矿物质来源与其成矿时代密切相关。不同的成矿时期,地层、构造、岩浆岩对金矿的形成起不同的作用。在早期同生沉积期,地层中的成矿物质初始富集;中期变质期,地层中的成矿物质被活化,并在局部富集;后期交代热液期,花岗岩体提供成矿物质及热能。
研究认为本区的矿化特征与交代热液型矿床极为相似:矿化温度属中低温范围;矿体为脉状,处于低温低压中心,且产于岩体的接触带附近;对矿床围岩的微量元素分析可以得出,矿体周围岩石呈负晕;对包裹体成份分析得出,阳离子类型以Ca-Na型为主。本区的矿床成因属于交代热液型矿床。
Longtangou ore deposit in Xixia County of Henan Provnce is situated in the eastern part of Qinling orogenic belt which is located at matching belt between North China platform and Yangze platform. Its ore-body occurred in the endo-or exdo-contact zone of Heiyanzhen granite body and strata of Erlangping Group Huoshenmiao Formation. Based on the study and analysis on petrochemistry, trace element, rare-earth element, fluid inclusion and previous achievements, the ore-forming material origin and the deposit genesis are discussed.
The research believes that Longtangou gold deposit experienced a multistage metallogenesis. The main ore-hosted stratum is Erlangping Group Huoshenmiao Formation. The mineralization can divided into three mineralization stages, the erarly syngenetic depositional stage, the midterm metamorphic enrichment stage, and the late hydrothermal metasomatic stage.
Based on the study on strata, structure, magmatic rock and race element, rare-earth element, fluid inclusion, it is suggested that the ore-forming material origin may be closely related with the ore-forming time. Different ore-forming time, strata, structure and magmatic rocks take different function on forming gold deposit. In the early syngentic depostional stage, the ore-forming material of strata begin to initial enrich, in the midterm metamorphic enrichment stage, the ore-forming material of strata are activated and enriched in local, and the late hydrothemal metasomatic stage, the granite body provide ore-forming materials and heat.
Studies suggest that the mineralization character in this area is very similar to hydrothermal-replacement deposit. Mineralization temperature belongs to medium-low temperature range; the ore-bodies are veined, they are in the center of low temperature and low pressure, and located next to the contact zone of granite body; It can be drawn that the wall rock is negative circle by the analysis of trace element of wall rock; the cation type is the Ca-Na by analysis of inclusion component. The deposit genesis belongs to the hydorthermal metasomatic deposit.
研究认为龙谭沟金矿是一个多期成矿作用形成的金矿床;主要的赋矿地层为二郎坪群火神庙组,区内成矿作用可以分为三个成矿期:早期同生沉积期、中期变质富集期和后期交代热液期。
通过对矿区地层、构造、岩浆岩的研究,以及微量元素、稀土元素及流体包裹体分析,认为本区金的成矿物质来源与其成矿时代密切相关。不同的成矿时期,地层、构造、岩浆岩对金矿的形成起不同的作用。在早期同生沉积期,地层中的成矿物质初始富集;中期变质期,地层中的成矿物质被活化,并在局部富集;后期交代热液期,花岗岩体提供成矿物质及热能。
研究认为本区的矿化特征与交代热液型矿床极为相似:矿化温度属中低温范围;矿体为脉状,处于低温低压中心,且产于岩体的接触带附近;对矿床围岩的微量元素分析可以得出,矿体周围岩石呈负晕;对包裹体成份分析得出,阳离子类型以Ca-Na型为主。本区的矿床成因属于交代热液型矿床。
Longtangou ore deposit in Xixia County of Henan Provnce is situated in the eastern part of Qinling orogenic belt which is located at matching belt between North China platform and Yangze platform. Its ore-body occurred in the endo-or exdo-contact zone of Heiyanzhen granite body and strata of Erlangping Group Huoshenmiao Formation. Based on the study and analysis on petrochemistry, trace element, rare-earth element, fluid inclusion and previous achievements, the ore-forming material origin and the deposit genesis are discussed.
The research believes that Longtangou gold deposit experienced a multistage metallogenesis. The main ore-hosted stratum is Erlangping Group Huoshenmiao Formation. The mineralization can divided into three mineralization stages, the erarly syngenetic depositional stage, the midterm metamorphic enrichment stage, and the late hydrothermal metasomatic stage.
Based on the study on strata, structure, magmatic rock and race element, rare-earth element, fluid inclusion, it is suggested that the ore-forming material origin may be closely related with the ore-forming time. Different ore-forming time, strata, structure and magmatic rocks take different function on forming gold deposit. In the early syngentic depostional stage, the ore-forming material of strata begin to initial enrich, in the midterm metamorphic enrichment stage, the ore-forming material of strata are activated and enriched in local, and the late hydrothemal metasomatic stage, the granite body provide ore-forming materials and heat.
Studies suggest that the mineralization character in this area is very similar to hydrothermal-replacement deposit. Mineralization temperature belongs to medium-low temperature range; the ore-bodies are veined, they are in the center of low temperature and low pressure, and located next to the contact zone of granite body; It can be drawn that the wall rock is negative circle by the analysis of trace element of wall rock; the cation type is the Ca-Na by analysis of inclusion component. The deposit genesis belongs to the hydorthermal metasomatic deposit.
引文
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[4]程顺有,张国伟,刁博等.东秦岭岩石圈热流变学结构初探.西北大学学报(自然科学版).2005.35(5)
[5]张复新,张旺定,张正兵.秦岭造山带金矿床类型与构造背景.黄金地质.2000.6(4)
[6]姜福芝,王玉往.海相火山岩与金属矿床.北京:冶金工业出版社.2005.
[7]季克俭等.热液矿床的负晕和地球化学场系.地质学报.1992.66(4)
[8]Niggli P.1929.Ore deposits of magmatic origin,London:Thomas murby 82 Co.1-27
[9]范宏瑞,谢奕汉,郑学正,王英兰.河南祁雨沟热液角砾岩体型矿床成矿流体研究.岩石学报.2000.9.
[10]胡受奚,赵懿英,徐金方,等.华北地台金矿地质[M].北京:冶金工业出版社,1997,310.
[11]陈衍景,富士谷,胡受奚.华北地台南缘不同类型绿岩带的主元素特征及意义[J].南京大学学报地学版,1988,(1):70-83
[12]季克俭,王立本.热液源研究的重要进展和“三源”交代热液成矿学说.地学前缘.1994.1(3).
[13]张国伟,孟庆任,于在平等.秦岭造山带的造山过程及其动力学特征[J].中国科学(D辑),1996.26(3):193-200
[14]隗合明,焦建刚,杨发成.河南内乡牧虎顶花岗岩特征及与金矿的关系.长安大学学报(地球科学版).2003.25(1)
[15]卢欣祥,于在平,冯有利等.东秦岭深源浅成型花岗岩的成矿作用及大地构造背景.矿床地质.2002.21(2)
[16]常秋玲,卢欣祥等.豫西南内乡地区金矿成矿与花岗岩、构造的关系.地质通报.2006.25(8)
[17]劳子强等.河南省区域地质志.1954:663-681.
[18]李文勇,夏斌,路文芬.东秦岭的地球物理、构造分带特征及演化.地质与勘探.2004.40(1)
[19]黄典豪,董群英等.《中国矿床》编委会.中国矿床上册,1989.8:482
[20]隗合明,高卫华,康明.东秦岭二郎地堑金成矿控制因素及富集规律.地质找矿论丛.2006.21(4)
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[24]徐克勤.新疆北部花岗岩类成因类型及其与成矿的关系.地质学报.1994,12(1):9-15
[25]陈德潜.实用稀土元素地球化学.冶金工业出版社.1990,4
[26]P.亨德森.稀土元素地球化学.地质出版社.1989,4
[27]赵劲松,邱学林,赵斌等.大冶-武山矿化矽卡岩的稀土元素地球化学研究.地球化学.2007,36(4)
[28]范建国,倪培,苏文超等.辽宁四道沟热液金矿床中石英的稀土元素的特征及意义.岩石学报.2000.16(4)
[29]Frederick EL.Determination of the rare-earth elements in geological materials by Inductively Coupled Plasma Mass Sepctrometry.Anal.Chem.1987:1150-1157
[30]戴塔根.微量元素地球化学.长沙:中南大学出版社.
[31]崔来运.河南赵岭构造蚀变岩型金矿床微量元素地球化学特征.地质与勘探.2005.41(2)
[32]Haas J R Shock E L and SassaniD C.Rare earth elements in hydorthermal systems:Estimates of standard partial modal thermody namic properties of aqueous complexes of the rare earth elements high pressures and temperatures.Geochim.Cosmochimic Acta,1995.59:4329-4350
[33]Hagemann S G,Cassidy K F.Archean orogenic lode gold deposits[J].SEG Reviews,2000.13:9-68
[34]Dee S J,Roberts S.Late—kinematic gold mineralisation duing regional uplift and the role of nitrogen 1 An example from the ha Codosera area,W Spain[J].Mineralogical Magazine,1993.57(3):437-450
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